1. A nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client being discharged with
her newborn baby. What is the highest priority item that must be included in the teaching plan? a. Lock all cabinets that contain cleaning supplies b. Restrain the baby in a car seat c. Keep all pots and pans in lower cabinets d. Give warm bottles of formula to the baby 2. An infant is breastfed. When assessing her stools, which finding would be typical? a. Breastfed infants usually have fewer stools than bottle-fed infants b. Stools of breastfed infants tend to have a strong odor c. Stools of breastfed infants are usually harder than those of bottle-fed infants d. Breastfed infants are less likely to be constipated than bottle-fed infants 3. The nurse is documenting the relationship between a postpartum mother and her infant. Which observation would demonstrate attachment? a. The father is always holding the infant b. The infant remains in the nursery most of the day c. The infant is in the crib every time the nurse goes into the room d. The mom is talking to the infant while breast-feeding the infant 4. Which milestone would you expect an infant to accomplish by 8 months of age? a. Pulling self to a standing position b. Being able to sit from a standing position c. Sitting without support d. Creeping on all fours 5. The mother of a 3-month-old is concerned because he daughter does not yet sit by herself. Which statement best reflects average sitting ability? a. Sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are correlated b. Most babies do not sit steadily until 8 months; she is normal c. Most babies sit steadily at 3 months; she is slightly delayed d. Most babies sit steadily at 4 months; she is normal 6. A father asks you what symptoms he can expect with normal teething in his infant. What would you tell him? a. The child’s temperature may go as high as 102 F b. He can expect his child to be constipated for 2 days c. The child will not play or eat for 2 days d. The child’s gum line will be tender 7. The nurse is educating the mother of a 6-month-old boy about the symptoms for teething. Which symptom would the nurse identify? a. Increased biting and sucking b. Running a mild fever or vomiting c. Frequent loose stools d. Choosing soft foods over hard foods 8. The nurse is assessing development of a 4-month-old boy during a well-child visit. Which observation needs further investigation? a. The infant makes babbling sounds, coos, and smiles b. The infant turns his head in the direction of a squeak toy c. The infant responds to his mother when he sees her but not at other times when she is near d. The infant shows interest in looking at near or high-contrast objects 9. A 5-month old infant being assessed was born at 32 weeks. The nurse doing the well-child check-up should compare the baby to what norms? a. The development of a 3-month-old b. The growth of a 2-month-old c. The growth of a 5-month old d. The development of a 10-week-old 10. A staff nurse is talking about Piaget's theory with a nursing student. Infants are in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development during which object permanence is mastered. An example of an infant displaying this ability is: a. Pushing a spoon from her high chair tray to the floor b. Smiling at herself in the mirror c. Shaking a rattle to enjoy the sound d. Looking for a toy in her crib at the last place she saw it 11. A 2-month-old body has inconsolable crying, is gassy, and constantly draws his legs up. It has been determined that the boy has colic. What is the best intervention to treat colic? a. He is hungry so mom should feed him more b. His mom should have a regular diet c. He needs to try a different formula to assess for sensitivity d. His parents should sing and play music to comfort him 12. What is the correct amount of wet diapers a mature infant should have each day? a. Between 6 to 8 wet diapers/day b. Between 9 to 10 wet diapers/day c. Between 3 to 5 wet diapers/day d. Between 1 to 2 wet diapers/day 13. Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect an 11-month-old infant to have achieved? a. Sitting independently b. Turning a doorknob c. Building a tower of four cubes d. Walking independently 14. The nurse is educating the mother of a newborn about feeding practices. The nurse correctly advises the mother that: a. The newborn’s stomach can hold between one half and 1 ounce b. The best feeding schedule offers food every 4-6 hours c. Most newborns need to eat about 4 times per day d. Demand scheduled feeding is associated with increased difficulty getting the baby to sleep through the night 15. The nurse goes in to check on a new mother to see how breast-feeding is going with her new son. The nurse observes the infant is on the mother's lap with the blanket unwrapped, and the mother is washing his face, and gently stroking the baby. The mother has had trouble breastfeeding the last few times. What is the appropriate response from the nurse? a. You will never get him to eat all unwrapped like that b. Maybe you should watch the breastfeeding video again c. You are doing a wonderful job attempting to waken the baby d. That is not how you get him to eat 16. A new mother asks for advice from the nurse about bathing her infant. Which of the following should the nurse tell her? a. Be sure to give the baby a complete bath every day b. Be sure to wash the infant’s face, hands, and diaper area daily c. Be sure to oil the scalp with mineral oil and leave it on overnight before bathing the infant the next day d. E sure to brush the scalp with a soft toothbrush during the bath to prevent seborrhea 17. A teen mom asks the discharge nurse if it is okay to sleep in bed with her baby. She says her mom always did it with her siblings and it seemed okay. How should the nurse respond? a. Bed sharing is okay, just make sure the infant is between two people b. Sure, you can do whatever you want, it is your baby c. Sure, you can, make sure you use a soft mattress for support d. Bed sharing has positive effects on babies, let me get you information 18. While evaluating the development of 10-month-old boy, a nurse hides the boy's stuffed animal behind her back. The boy crawls around the examination table to look behind the nurse's back for the stuffed animal. Which developmental phenomena has this infant demonstrated? a. Binocular vision b. Hand regard c. Depth perception d. Object permanence 19. A newborn infant requires skin care that includes bathing. Besides hygiene, what is another reason for bathing an infant? a. Bathing can prevent infection b. Bathing helps moisten the skin c. Bathing is a time for bonding with the parents d. Bathing is a great time to apply lotion 20. The nurse is caring for the family with a 2-month-old boy with colic. The mother reports feeling very stressed by the baby’s constant crying. Which intervention would provide the most help in the short term? a. Assessing the parents’ care and feeding skills b. Educating the parents about when colic stops c. Watching how the parents respond to the child d. Urging the baby’s mother to take time for herself away from the child 21.The mther of an infant asks you when to begin brushing her son’s teeth. Your best response would be: a. As soon as the first tooth erupts b. As soon as he begins to eat fruit c. By 12 months of age d. When weaning is complete 22. The nurse is assessing the sleeping practices of the parents of a 4-month-old girl who wakes repeatedly during the night. Which parent comment might reveal a cause for the night waking? a. They put her to bed when she falls asleep b. If she is safe, they lie her down and leave c. The child has a regular, scheduled bedtime d. They sing to her before she goes to sleep 23. Anticipatory guidance for an infant for the 4th month should include the fact that she probably will: a. Have many “blue” or moody periods b. Develop a fear of strangers c. Be able to turn over onto the back d. Insist on things being done her way 24. The infant measures 21 ½ inches (54.6 cm) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be an expected height for this child at the age of six months? a. 27 ½ inches b. 30 ½ inches c. 32 inches d. 29 inches 25. The caregiver of an infant tells the nurse that her dentist told her not to let the child go to bed with a bottle of milk. The caregiver states she doesn't understand the reason for this since her baby seems to enjoy the bottle. The most appropriate response to this caregiver would be: a. Giving your baby a pacifier at bedtime will satisfy the need to suck b. Bottles given at bedtime can cause erosion of the enamel on the teeth c. You could occasionally give your baby a bottle of water at bedtime d. Giving a bottle of milk when the infant goes to bed can lead to obesity 26. When teaching an infant’s mother about bathing her, it would be important to instruct her that: a. Bath time provides an opportunity for play b. Infants need a daily bath c. She should never use soap on a baby’s hair d. Soap lubricates and oils an infant’s skin 27. The nurse is working with the caregivers of an infant. The caregivers tell the nurse their child cries when her mother leaves for even a short amount of time. What might the nurse suggest as a way to console the infant and help the child develop a sense of security when the child's primary caregiver is out of sight? a. Play peek-a-boo with the child when she is happy b. Give her dolls and stuffed animals so she learns to distract herself c. Slowly increase the amount of time she is allowed to cry before being picked up d. Pick the child up as soon as she begins to cry 28. The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments? a. The infant will likely show the skills of an infant with the adjusted age of 7 months b. The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month- old child c. By 8 months of age, the child’s skill level will vary greatly and cannot be predicted d. The infant can be expected to display developmental skills consistent with a 8-month-old 29. In working with an infant, the nurse recognizes what as a characteristic of the infant? a. The child grows and develops skills more rapidly than at any other time in their life b. The child takes in new information at a rapid rate and asks “why” and “how” c. The child has an increased attention span and can be interested in an activity of a long length of time d. The child insists they can “do it,” the next moment they revert to being dependent 30.The best way for an infant’s father to help his child complete the developmental task of the first year is to: a. Respond to her consistently b. Talk to her at a special time each day c. Expose her to many caregivers to help her learn variability d. Keep her stimulated with many toys 31.What information would you include when teaching the parents of an infant about colic? a. Formula intake should be doubled to keep her from losing weight b. Colic symptoms will probably fade at 3 months of age c. Their child will need future follow up for a “nervous” bowel d. Symptoms will decrease if she is laid on her back after feedings 32. A frustrated mother comes to a 9-month well-baby check- up because her son is refusing all of the solid food she gives him. When talking with this mother, the nurse discovers that she has struggled all her life with a weight problem. She attributes this problem to being forced to eat all of the food she was served as a child, even when she was full. Because she doesn't want to cause the same problem in her child, she tells the nurse that each time her son pushes food away with his tongue she believes that he doesn't want it. Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to say to this mother? a. The baby might not be ready for solid food, so wait a month or so and try again b. Because your baby is a fussy eater, have more than one food available at each feeding so he can choose a food he likes c. The baby might be allergic to the particular foods you offered, so try different kinds of food d. The baby needs to learn how to move the food to the back of the mouth for swallowing, so catch the food and offer it again until the baby learns this 33. The infant weighs 7 lbs. 4 oz. (3.3 kg) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be the expected weight for this child at the age of 12 months? a. 25 lbs. b. 21 lbs. 2 oz. c. 28 lbs. 4 oz. d. 14 lbs. 8 oz. 34. A parent asks the nurse if her 2-month-old could have bananas yet. The nurse would respond and educate the parent on the nutrition stages of infants by which of these responses? a. In two months you can try bananas if you think she is ready b. When did you feed your other child bananas c. In one month you can try bananas if you think she is ready d. Sure, if you feel she is ready to have bananas 35. A mother takes her 4-month-old to the doctor for a visit. She asks the nurse what type of baby cereal she should buy now that her child is starting solid foods. How should the nurse respond? a. You should buy wheat cereal b. You should buy oat cereal c. You should buy barley cereal d. You should buy rice cereal 36. The nurse is assessing the oral cavity of a 4-month-old infant. Which finding is consistent with a child of this age? a. 1 upper tooth b. 1 to 2 lower teeth c. 1 to 3 natal teeth d. No teeth 37. The nurse comes into an infant's room on the pediatric floor. The nurse wants to try to feed the infant for the first time since her surgery. How does the nurse know what infant state the child is in by what the mother says and that it is okay to try and feed the infant? a. She has been a chatterbox and smiles just like her brother b. She has been crying every time someone picks her up c. She is so quiet today, that is not like her d. She is still sleeping, I guess she is worn out 38. The infant weighs 6 lbs., 8 oz. (2.95 kg) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be an expected weight for this child at the age of four months? a. 13 lbs. b. 10 lbs. 8 oz. c. 16 lbs. d. 15 lbs. 4 oz. 39. The nurse is teaching the mother of a 2-month-old girl about the social and emotional developments that will occur in the next 8 weeks. Which behavior is most likely to occur? a. Mimicking mother’s facial expressions b. Crying when the mother is out of sight c. Participating in a game of peak-a-boo d. Becoming clingy around strangers 40. The nurse is examining a 6-month-old girl who was born 8 weeks early. Which finding is cause for concern? a. The child measures 21 inches in length b. The child weighs 10 lbs. 2 oz. c. The child exhibits palmar grasp reflex d. Head size has increased 5 inches since birth 41. The nurse is providing helpful feeding tips to the mother of a 2-week-old boy. Which recommendations will best help the child feed effectively? a. Maintain a feed-on-demand approach b. Encourage the infant to latch on properly c. Maintain adequate diet and fluid intake d. Apply warm compresses to the breast 42.What is the best awake state for infant interaction? a. Active or quiet sleep b. Crying c. Eyes wide and bright d. Drowsy state 43. The nurse enters her client's room and finds the infant on a pillow with a bottle propped up while the mother is dressing. What statement should the nurse make? a. Is she almost done feeding? b. Look how cute she is! c. Are you almost ready to be discharged? d. You should always hold your baby for feedings instead of propping the bottles 44. The nurse enters her client's room to find the new mom crying softly. The nurse asks what is wrong. The mom says, “I had my heart set on breast-feeding and now my baby has a cleft lip. My dreams of breast-feeding him are destroyed.” What should the nurse tell her client about breast-feeding an infant with this diagnosis? a. Sometimes dreams do not come true b. I am so sorry, looks like bottle-feeding for you c. I am so sorry your infant has that problem, maybe next time d. You can still attempt breast-feeding, let me call a lactation consult for you 45. The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 5- month-old boy. Which observation may be cause for concern about the infant's neurologic development? a. The infant grasps a finger when it is placed in his palm b. The anterior fontanel is open and easily palpated c. His toes hyperextend when the bottom of the foot is stroked d. The infant displays an asymmetric tonic neck reflex (fencing reflex) 46. The nurse is assessing an infant at his 4-month well-baby check-up. The nurse notes that at birth the baby weighed 8 lb (3.6 kg)and was 20 in (50.8 cm)in length. Which finding is most consistent with the normal infant growth and development? a. The baby weighs 21 lbs. and is 30 inches in length b. The baby weighs 15 lbs. and is 24 inches in length c. The baby weighs 24 lbs. and is 26 inches in length d. The baby weighs 16 lbs. and is 26 inches in length 47. Stacy is going to visit her son in the intensive care unit. She has been pumping breast milk and storing it in the fridge. Stacy is making her son's bottle for his feeding and goes to warm the breast milk. What option should the nurse give the mom to prepare the bottle? a. It is okay if the frozen milk is in the bottle b. Just use the microwave in our kitchen c. You can use the hot tap water to get warm water to warm the bottle d. Just take the bottle from the fridge and use it 48. Infant development is best described by which statement: a. Development is not sequential but predictable b. Development varies greatly from infant to infant c. Development proceeds cephalocaudally d. Development proceeds from fine to gross 49. The mother of a 1-month-old infant voices concern about her baby’s respirations. She states they are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide? a. An infant at this age should have regular respirations b. The normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is between 20 and 30 breaths per minute c. The irregularity of the infants respirations are concerning; I will notify the physician d. The respirations of a 1-month-old infant are normally irregular and periodically pause 50. Stacy and Matt are searching for a day care provider for their infant son Max. At discharge the couple asks their maternity nurse what to look for when finding day care providers. What response should the nurse make? a. Look at the staff members and see if they look nice b. Just look in the newspaper and see which day cares are looking for more kids c. Interview day cares if they look clean, then register d. Go look at day cares and ask questions about licensure, nutrition, staff, and safety 51. The nurse is teaching healthy eating habits to the parents of a 7-month-old girl. Which recommendation is the most valuable advice? a. Serve new foods several times b. Let the child eat only the foods she prefers c. Actively urge the child to eat new foods d. Provide small portions that must be eaten 52. When weighing and measuring a child at her 1-year well- baby checkup, the nurse would expect to see that over the previous 6 months a baby who weighed 8 pounds and was 20 inches long at birth would have gained about a. 16 lbs. and grown 4-6 inches b. 8 lbs. and grown 2-3 inches c. 8 lbs. and grown 4-6 inches d. 16 lbs. and grown 2-3 inches 53. The nurse pulls the 5-month-old to sitting position from supine and notes head lag. The nurse's response is to a. Consider this a normal response for the age b. Refer the infant for developmental and/or neurologic evaluation c. Conclude the earlier assessments carried out fatigued the infant d. Suggest more awake tummy time for the child 54. A parent who is feeding his child formula prepared at home using evaporated milk is concerned about whether the child is receiving all necessary nutrients. What would it be important for this parent to add to his child's diet to supplement the formula? a. Vitamin E b. Calcium c. Vitamins D d. Iron 55. The nurse is examining an 8-month-old girl for appropriate development during a regular check-up. Which observation points to a developmental risk? a. Cannot pull self to standing b. Crawls with stomach down c. Uses only the left hand to grasp d. Picks up small objects using entire hand 56. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance regarding the respiratory development of a 4-week-old girl for her mother. Which action is accurate? a. Informing the mother that the respiratory system reaches maturity similar to the adult’s by 12 months of age b. Advising the mother that the infant’s usual respiratory rate should slow to about 20 breaths per minute by age 6 months c. Telling the mother that abdominal breathing disappears by 9 months of age d. Explaining to the mother the risk for infection is high due to lack of antibodies 57. What action shows an example of Erik Erikson's developmental task for the infant? a. The infant plays the game peek-a-boo b. The infant cries when he has a wet diaper c. The infant smiles as people walk past the crib d. The infant cries and the caregiver picks the child up 58. The infant measured 20 inches (50.8 cm) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, which range would be an expected height for this child at the age of 12 months? a. 40 to 42 inches b. 36 to 38 inches c. 30 to 32 inches d. 26 to 28 inches 59. Sonograms demonstrate thumb sucking as early as in utero. a. True b. False 60. Debbie asks her nurse what she thinks about giving her baby a pacifier. Debbie is struggling with this issue and is very teary-eyed about making a decision. How should the nurse respond to Debbie? a. You should never give babies pacifiers b. I always gave my kids a pacifier c. You should do whatever you want d. It is a personal decision, let me give you a pamphlet from the AAP 61. The mother of an infant questions the nurse about her baby's teething. The nurse provides client education. Which statement by the mother indicates understanding of the information provided? a. My baby will most likely have his upper middle teeth come in first b. By 1 year my baby should have about three teeth c. My baby’s first tooth will likely appear between 5 and 6 months d. The first teeth that will likely appear are the lower incisors 62. The nurse conducting a 6-month well-baby check-up assesses for the presence/absence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. At this age the reflex: a. Is a protective reflex and retained for life b. Is expected to appear within 1 month c. Should have disappeared d. Should be pronounced and easy to elicit 63. The nurse is promoting a healthy diet to the mother of a 6- month-old girl. What action would have the most effect on the infant's neurologic development? a. Establishing an adequate level of dietary iron b. Promoting continuation of breastfeeding c. Requiring more solid foods in the diet d. Adding fruit juice daily 64. The nurse is helping the mother of a 5-month-old boy understand the importance of developmentally appropriate play. Which one of the toys best meets the needs of this child? a. Brightly colored stacking toy b. A yellow rubber duck for the bath c. Pots and pans from the kitchen cupboard d. A push-pull toy 65. A 12-month-old seen at a walk-in clinic weighed 8 pounds 4 ounces (3.75 kg) at birth. Weight now is 20 pounds 8 ounces (9.3 kg). The nurse determines: a. The child weighs more than expected for age b. The child weighs the expected amount for age c. The weight assessment is blatantly inaccurate d. The child weighs less than expected for age 66. The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant who is spitting up "all the time." This is the mother's first child. What should be the priority nursing intervention? a. Recommend the mother offer smaller and more frequent feedings b. Describe the capacity of a 5-week-old infant’s stomach c. Offer assurance that spitting up is normal d. Observe the mother while she feeds and burps her infant 67. Question: Put the following developmental milestones related to an infant's hearing in correct chronological order: a. Stop activity in response to spoken word b. Turn head to locate sound c. Locate sound downward and to side d. Locate sound made above e. Recognize name when spoken f. Locate and turn toward sound in any direction 68. A nurse places a toy car in front of a 6-month-old girl. She swats at it, and the car flies across the examination table and lands on the floor. She squeals with surprise and delight. When the nurse puts the toy car in front of her again, she immediately swats it again and laughs as it rolls across the table and falls to the floor again. What has the girl just demonstrated? a. Binocular vision b. Secondary circular reaction c. Object permanence d. Primary circular reaction 69. What feeding practice used by the parents of an 8-month- old should the nurse discourage? a. Giving the child soft table food and finger foods b. Including the infant at family meals in her high chair c. Continuing to offer foods the child rejects d. Placing all liquids given the child in a “no spill” sippy cup 70. A 3-month-old still has a Moro reflex. Which statement is most true of this reflex? a. It is not important how long the reflex persists, only that it is present at birth b. A Moro reflex lasts until 9 months c. Most 3 month olds still have a Moro reflex d. A Moro reflex present at 3 months of age requires referral for a neurologic exam 71. When the nurse discharges a new mom and infant, the nurses notices that the car seat is in the front seat of the car. What is the appropriate response for the nurse to make regarding the car seat? a. With the car seat in front, you can keep an eye on your baby b. I see you have a car seat, that is great c. You should never put the car seat in the front d. Let me go over car seat safety with you, so you can install your car seat properly 72. The nurse at a family health clinic is teaching a group of parents about normal infant development. What patterns of communication should the nurse tell parents to expect from an infant at age 1? a. Understand “no” and other simple commands b. Squeals and makes pleasure sounds c. Uses speech-like rhythm when talking with an adult d. Uses multisyllabic babbling 73. Parents state they are "worn out" at their child's 6-month check-up because their boy awakens each night and cries. The nurse suggests which measures? Select all that apply. a. Add rice cereal to the evening bottle to prevent hunger and awakening b. During night awakening, keep interactions minimal c. At bedtime, rock the child to sleep and then place in crib d. Establish a quieting ritual before bed 74. Using knowledge of normal growth and development, what would be expected when observing a 12-week-old infant? a. The infant is able to sit up and can roll over b. The infant bears weight on legs when held in standing position c. The infant grasps objects and brings them to the mouth d. The infant smiles at significant others 75. A new mother reports that she is exhausted and that the little sleep she gets is determined by her baby's daytime naps and the few hours the baby sleeps during the night. The nurse discusses with this mother the importance of helping the infant establish healthy sleeping patterns. What would be most helpful for this mother to do to encourage healthy sleeping patterns? a. Use the crib for sleeping only, not for play activities b. Put the baby to bed at various times of the evening c. Wake the baby from afternoon naps after 1 hour to ensure she is sleepy by nighttime d. Let the baby cry during the night and she will eventually fall back to sleep 76. The nurse is preparing a list of abilities of 10-month-olds to use in teaching a parenting group. Which ability should appear at this age? a. Uses two or three words with meaning b. Cruises around furniture c. Feeds self with spoon (but spills) d. Sits from standing position 77. The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-month-old boy about proper child dental care. Which action will the nurse indicate as the most likely to cause dental caries? a. Failing to clean the teeth with fluoridated toothpaste b. Putting the baby to bed with a bottle of milk or juice c. Not cleaning a baby’s gums when he is done eating d. Using a cloth instead of a brush for cleaning teeth 78. The nurse is reviewing topics to be discussed with caregivers related to caring for infants. Which statement would be the most appropriate statement for the nurse to make to this group of caregivers a. The infant should wear hard-soled shoes in order to protect their feet from injury b. The infant sleep 10-12 hours at night and take 2-3 naps during the day c. The infant should be dressed more warmly than older children and caregivers d. The infant should be sound asleep before being put into the crib for sleeping 79. Two parents who have financial issues ask the nurse if a borrowed crib would be okay to use for their new twin boys. Which response should the nurse use in educating the parents? a. You should just buy a new crib to be on the safe side b. You can use any crib that you want c. No, you cannot use a borrowed crib d. You can use the crib, but there are guidelines to follow