DLP No.

: Learning Area: Grade Quarter : 2nd Duration: 1 day

Science Level: 4
Learning Competency/ies: Describe the main function of the major Code : S4LT-IIa-b-1
organs.

Key Concepts/ The process by which food is broken down into nutrients is called
Understandings to be digestion. It starts from the mouth, goes to the stomach, and ends in the
Developed: intestines.
The stomach is a large organ that is lined with layers of muscles. It
squeezes, twists, churns the foods eaten and mixed with digestive juices to
change food into nutrients.
The small intestine contains digestive juices and other enzymes that
completely digests food and absorbs digested nutrients. Its walls are made up of
muscles that squeeze food and continuously move it. Undigested food particles
are passed to the large intestine, colon, rectum and anus to be passed out of the
body during defecation.

1. Objectives :
Knowledge Identify the the major organs for digestion.
Skills Describe the functions of stomach and intestines through group activities.
Attitudes Appreciate the significance of the major organs of our body.
Values Eat a well-balanced diet.
2. Content / Topic Stomach and Intestines
3. Learning TG pages 79-82, LM pages 70-73
Resources/Materials/ Videoclips, small pieces of biscuits, resealable plastic bag, glasses of water,
Equipment vinegar, flour, any small pieces of food available, black pepper, chili powder,
empty cup, paper towel, manila papers, filt tip pens, colored papers

4. Procedures
Engage 1. Show a videoclip entitled “Powers”.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rK7-3zCK15Y

2. Elicit pupils’ reaction

a. What does the videoclip show?
b. Why do we need food?
c. What will happen if we do not eat food today?
d. What do we usually eat during breakfast? Lunch? Dinner?
e. What do you think happened to the food you have eaten as it gets inside
your mouth?
f. Are the food you have eaten directly get inside the different parts of your
body?
g. What happens if we do not have enough nutrients in our body?

Explore Divide the class into 6 groups and let them do the next activities entitled
“How is food digested in the stomach?” and “How is food digested in the
intestines?”.
Explain the mechanics clearly to the learners.
Provide a box for each group containing the various materials for every
activity.
Groups 1 to 3 will conduct Activity 1 while Groups 4 to 6 will conduct
Activity 2.
Guide the pupils as they conduct the activity.
Then let them answer the guide questions.
Monitor the group’s performance.

Explain Activity 1
 1. What happened to the biscuits, flour and other food after shaking the
resealable bag?
2. The stomach is similar to the bag in your activity. How are they similar?
3. Will the food stay in the stomach for a long time?
4. What will happen to the food after it is broken down into small pieces?

Activity 2
1. What went through the paper towel?
2. Describe the materials that went through the paper towel.
3. What happened to the liquid materials?
4. What will happen to those that did not went through the paper towel.
5. Which organ is similar to the paper towel?

Elaborate Have the pupils watch a ashort videoclip entitled “The Digestive System”.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYwscALNng

Digestion in Stomach and in Intestines

Stomach
The food we eat gives us energy to work and play. Without food, the
other parts of the body like bones and muscles and the internal organs do not
have energy to function. The process by which food is broken down into
nutrients is called digestion.
Digestion takes place as soon as we start to chew food. Saliva from the
salivary glands mixes with the food to soften it. Saliva also kills bacteria and
breaks down starches into sugars. Most chewed food from the mouth goes to
stomach.
The stomach is a large organ that is lined with layers of muscles. As the
muscles contract and relax, food in the stomach is squeezed, twisted and
churned. While the food is physically changed in the stomach, digestive enzymes
and juices are also combined to change it into nutrients. Digestion is both
mechanical and chemical. The mechanical part breaks down food into small bits
by the chewing of food in the mouth and squeezing of food particles in the
stomach. The chemical part of digestion is the mixing of food particles with
chemicals in the saliva and stomach which changes it into nutrients that can be
absorbed by the body. Food stays in the stomach for four hours, turns into thick
liquid, and goes to the small intestines.

Intestines
The small intestine is about 2.5 cm wide wide and 7 m long coiled tube
where food is finally digested and absorbed. It has digestive juices and other
enzymes that completely digests food and absorbs digested nutrients.
The linings of the small intestine function like a filter. Digested nutrients
needed by the body are absorbed by the linings of the small intestine just like
water that passed through the filter. Undigested food particles are passed to the
large intestine, colon, rectum and anus to be passed out of the body during
defecation.
Stomach

Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Colon

Anus Rectum
 Let the learners provide the needed answers.
1. List down names of foods that you usually eat in school.
2. What part of the body changes the food we eat before it will be readily
absorbed by our body cells?
3. What should be done to the food you eat before it can be used by the
body for growth development and repair of tissues?
4. How would you help your stomach and small intestine work properly?

Evaluation A. Answer the following questions in your own words.

1. What is the function of stomach in relation to digestion?
2. What about the small intestine?
B. Label the organs for digestion and write the path of the digested food you ate
by putting arrows.

Assignment At home, what are the 5 most common problems related to digestion?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Wrap-up/ Concluding The process by which food is broken down into nutrients is called
Activity digestion. It starts from the mouth, goes to the stomach, and ends in the
intestines.
The stomach is a large organ that is lined with layers of muscles. It
squeezes, twists, churns the foods eaten and mixed with digestive juices to
change food into nutrients.
The small intestine contains digestive juices and other enzymes that
completely digests food and absorbs digested nutrients. Its walls are made up of
muscles that squeeze food and continuously move it. Undigested food particles
are passed to the large intestine, colon, rectum and anus to be passed out of the
body during defecation.

Prepared by:

JAYDALENE S. MACAY