The mast wind resistance performance calculation

Note: The following calculation is based on wind speed of 100km / h

一、For example , AZF8-270-2350-12000 mast calculation

1、 Technical conditions

1.1、 the standard wind speed of the mast design =100km/h 27.8m/s

1.

2、 When the wind speed is =27.8m/s, the mast survival estimated

calculation of wind resistance is D

1.3、The mast has 9 section , the size as follows:

Outer 284 256 229 202 180 160 140 118

diameter
tube
length 1733 1736 1744 1758 1772 1786 1800 1856
stroke 1416 1424 1438 1452 1466 1480 1536
Wind scale , Wind velocity, wind force comparison table
Wind Wind name wind speed
scale
km/h （m/s）
1 light air 1~5 0.3~1.5
2 light breeze 6~11 1.6~3.3
3 gentle breeze 12~19 3.4~5.4
4 soft breeze 20~28 5.5~7.9
5 fresh breeze 29~38 8.0~10.7
6 strong breeze 39~49 10.8~13.8

7 moderate gale 50~61 13.9~17.1

8 Fresh gale 62-74 17.2-20.7
9 Strong gale 75-88 20.8-24.4
10 Whole gale 89-102 24.5-28.4
11 Storm 103-117 28.5-32.6
 12 Hurricane >117 32.7-36.9

2. wind resistance calculation

2.1 The effects of different height to wind velocity

Wind velocity is usually changed following to the different height from the ground.
We often adopt the exponential rule to calculate , Formula (1)

= （1）

Z is the height from the ground, is the wind velocity on the Z

Height, ａ is the index , It varies with the different states of the surface
topography. It is very difficult to get accurate data in complicated ground
conditions.
We get ａ＝0.143 (the ground is wide)

This mast height is 12m , we calculate the wind velocity of Z 8 , Z9

according to formula （1）. To calculate the wind velocity on =27.8m/s

when the height is less than 10m . Each section see table （1）

table （1）
Z（m） 10.464 12.000
27.93 28.86

2.2 Section modulus in bending

The bottom of the top tube is the most weakness place , it bear a lot of
bending moment. If diameter 118mm can promise the operation ,then the whole
mast is no problem

Outer diameter 118mm section modulus in bending

  4
πd   0   3.14 1183   110 
d
3 4
3
1   ＝ mm
1－   ＝39472.7
32  d 32   118 
   


Tube inner diameter : d0 tube outer diameter : d

2.3 Gust factor

Gust factor is it is the ratio of the maximum instantaneous wind speed and

average wind speed in the observation period

It has the relationship With the observation time, the average wind speed,
topography, surface roughness, basic wind velocity taken from the return period and
other factors
Generally speaking, is 1.2－1.5

We here get ＝1.3

The maximum instantaneous wind velocity of the mast top=28.86×1.3=37.52m/s

2.4 Reynolds number of the mast different diameter tubes

2.4.1 Reynolds number

4
＝ = 37.52×0.098/ 0.15× 101 =24.51× 10

V－ Viscosity of air movement, 0.15×/s

d－ tube diameter m
VZ- Maximum instantaneous wind velocity m/s

2.4.2
The Reynolds number various range to determine the mast
resistance coefficient 。The mast is long and large, the surface is very

smooth. So we can think the mast is the smooth two-dimensional pole

This chart shows the reltationship between resistance of smooth two-
dimensional pole and Reynolds number
 Curve line can be seen, the scope of the mast is just in the

region. 2.5 the wind resistance of the top section of the mast

Resistance is from （3）formula

D= p S （3）

－ Resistant coefficient

P—Air density ( 1.293 Kg/m3 )

V－wind velocity
S－windward sail area

The wind resistance of the top section

D＝ C D  1 P V max 2 dL
2

=1.2××1.293×
37.522  0.118 1.536
＝197.95kg
2.6 Strength Check
M max
σmax＝ W
197.95  9.8  1.536 / 2  1000
＝
39472.7
＝37.74M Pa
6063-T6

Because
 max   , so the mast can withstand the wind velocity 100km/h