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EC : ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
TEST No. - 01 | NETWORK THEORY
Q.1 For the circuit shown below, if the voltage (V ) across the current source of 5 A is 25 V, then the value of ‘R’
is
1Ω R
+
V 5A 2Ω + 3 ix
–
–
ix
(a) 1 Ω (b) 2 Ω
(c) 3 Ω (d) 4 Ω
1. (b)
1Ω V1 R
+ –
+ 5V
V = 25 V 5A 2Ω + 3 ix
–
–
ix
V1 − 3ix
⇒ + ix = 5 A
R
Also V1 = 2ix = 20 V
ix = 10 A
2ix − 3ix
∴ + ix = 5 A
R
20 − 30
+ 10 = 5 A
R
⇒ R = 2Ω
Q.2 For the circuit shown below, the admittance parameter matrix [Y ] will be
I1 I2
+ 3Ω +
2Ω
2Ω
V1 V2
2Ω
– –
2 1 2 1
3 − 2 3 − 2
(a) (b)
1 2 − 1 2
2 3 2 3
2 2
3 −1 3 1
(c) (d)
−1 2 1 2
3 3
2. (b)
I1 I2
+ 3Ω +
2Ω
2Ω
V1 V2
2Ω
– –
I1 3Ω I2
+ +
6Ω
V1 V2
6Ω 6Ω
– –
I1 2Ω I2
+ +
V1 6 Ω 6 Ω V2
– –
for Π-network
I1 Yb I2
+ +
V1 Ya Yc V2
– –
Ya + Yb −Yb
[Y ] =
∵
−Yb Yb + Yc
1
for the given problem, Ya =
6
1
Yb =
2
1
Yc =
6
2 1
3 − 2
∴ [Y ] =
− 1 2
2 3
3. (c)
Let f (t) = V (t ) + 3
V (t ) = 2cos10t + 4cos10t ⋅ cos5t
= 2cos10t + 2cos15t + 2cos5t
f (t ) = 3 + 2cos10t + 2cos15t + 2cos 5t
2 2 2
2 2 2
rms {f (t)} = ( 3)2 + + +
2 2 2
4 4 4
= 3+ + +
2 2 2
= 3+6 = 9 = 3 V
Q.4 For the tank circuit shown below, the time period of oscillations is
C=1F
4H 5H 6H
2H 2H
3H
t=0 V
(a) 2π seconds (b) 4π seconds
(c) 6π seconds (d) 8π seconds
4. (c)
2π
Time period (T ) =
ω
1
where ω =
LC
thus, T = 2π LC
In figure
1 2 3
4H 5H 6H
2H 2H
3H
Leq = L1 + L2 + L3 – 2M12 + 2M23 – 2M13
= 4 + 5 + 6 – 2(2) + 2(2) – 2(3) = 9 H
C = 1F
T = 2π 9 = 6 π sec
Q.5 For the circuit shown below, the steady state voltage ‘V ’ across the current source is __________?
6Ω 2Ω 10 V 9Ω
–+
3F
9Ω
7Ω 2H 9Ω 3H
4Ω V
2Ω + –
6F 5A
(a) 35 V (b) 25 V
(c) 15 V (d) none of these
5. (b)
The circuit can be redrawn by short circuiting inductor and open circuiting capacitor as DC sources are
used.
2Ω 10 V
5A
–+
5/3 5/3 5/3
10 V +
15 V 9Ω 9Ω 9Ω
–
– 10 V + + V –
2Ω 5A
Applying KVL
V – 10 – 10 + 10 – 15 = 0
V = 25 V
Q.6 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List-I List-II
6. (c)
for A : S = 10 kVA; cosφ = pf = 0.5
s = 10[cos φ + j sinφ] kVA = 5 + j 5 3 kVA ( )
for B : S = 13 kVA; Q = 5 VAR
sinφ = Q = 5 ⇒ cos φ = 12
S 13 13
s = 13
12 5
− j kVA = (12 − j 5) kVA
13 13
for C : P = 5 kW; cosφ = pf = 0.5
P 3
S = = 10 kVA ; sinφ =
pf 2
1 3
S = 10 + j
2 kVA = 5 + j 5 3 kVA
2
( )
Q.7 For the following phasor diagram of the circuit as shown, the unknown element ‘z ’ is
Vs Is R
Voltage +
θ Vs element 'z'
–
C
Is
(a) R (b) C
(c) L (d) combination of RC
7. (c)
Since only L can result in lagging of current with respect to voltage.
IRC
θ
Vs
Is
IL
I1 R I2
+ +
V1 V2
– R –
2R 2R 1 1
(a)
2R
(b)
2R 1 1
1 1
2R 2R
(c) (d) doesn’t exist
1 1
2R 2R
8. (d) 1
[Y ] = [ Y 1] + [ Y 2 ]
R R I1 I2
[Z1] = R R R
+ +
R L
Q.9 The unit of is
2 C
(a) Ω (b) Ω 2
(c) no unit (d) ΩH rad
9. (b)
R L R Lω R
⇒ = X L XC
2 C 2 Cω 2
Unit of R1 is Ω
Unit of ‘XL’ and ‘XC’ is Ω
R L
Unit of is Ω × Ω × Ω ⇒ (Ω)2
2 C
(a) V (b) V
I I
(c) V
(d) V
10. (c)
Q.11 A parallel R, L, C circuit has R = 2 kΩ, L = 240 mH, C = 54 µF. The quality factor of the circuit at
resonance is _________.
11. (30)
For parallel resonant circuit
C
Q0 = R
L
54 × 10 −6
Q0 = 2000
240 × 10 −3
9
Q0 = 2000 × 10−4
4
2000 3
Q0 = ×
100 2
Q0 = 30
Q.12 If both the circuits shown below are equivalent, then the value of RC is __________ sec.
A
R A
C
3Ω
C
C
R 4F
R
B
B
12. (4)
A
R A
1
3sC R
1 A
3sC
1 3R/2
3sC
1
3sC
R/2
1
2sC
R 1
R 6sC
B
B
B
compairing with given diagram
3R
Req = 3 Ω = and Ceq = 4 F = 2 C
2
so, R = 2Ω
C = 2F
RC = 4 sec
L
Q.13 If Leq of the circuit shown below is H , then the coupling coefficient (k) is __________.
3
L
L M
L ⇒ L
3 = eq
L
Leq = (L + L – 2M ) L
Leq = (L + L – 2kL ) L
L (2L − 2kL) × L
=
3 2L − 2kL + L
on solving, we get
k = 0.75
Q.14 For the circuit shown below, the value of Zin is __________ Ω.
3:2 2:1
Zin 3Ω 8Ω R=1Ω
14. (2)
The circuit can be modified as
3:2
3Ω 8Ω R1
2
2
R1 = × 1 Ω = 4 Ω
1
4×8 8
R ′ = 4 8 = = Ω
12 3
2
3
3Ω R′′ = R′
2
8 9 72
R ′′ = × = =6Ω
3 4 12
Zin = R′′ 3 Ω = 6 Ω 3 Ω
Zin = 2Ω
VC (s)
Q.15 For a series RLC circuit shown below, the poles of the transfer function V (s) are plotted as shown. If
i
R
= 2 3, then the value of R is _________ ohms.
C
VC Im
+ –
j1
R L C
30°
0 Re
+ –
V
–j1
Vi(s)
1
30°
0 Re
3
C (s) = s 2 + 2 3s + 3 + 1
= s 2 + 2 3s + 4 ...(ii)
R
On comparison = 2 3 ...(iii)
L
1
= 4 ...(iv)
LC
R
= 2 3 given ...(v)
C
from (ii) and (iii)
R
L = RC = 3
1 2
LC
R
= 2 3
C
3
multiplying R2 = ×2 3 = 3
2
R = 3
R = 1.732 Ω
Q.16 In the circuit shown below, the average power dissipated by 1 Ω resistor is ________ Watts.
1Ω
2cost 2sint
1F
16. (4)
A
i
1Ω
2∠90° 2∠0°
–j
6Ω 6Ω 6Ω
6Ω
A 6Ω B
6Ω
6Ω
6Ω 6Ω 6Ω
6Ω
17. (c)
6Ω
6Ω 6Ω
6Ω 6Ω
A 6Ω B
6Ω
6Ω
6Ω
6Ω 6Ω
6Ω
2Ω
6Ω 2Ω 6Ω
2Ω
A 6Ω B
6Ω
2Ω
6Ω 2Ω 6Ω
2Ω
8Ω 8Ω
0A
2Ω
A 6Ω B
6Ω
2Ω
0A
8Ω 8Ω
Since two Wheatstone bridges are connected parallelly, no current flows through 2 Ω resistors.
A 16 Ω B
A 8Ω B
12 Ω
12 Ω
16 Ω
A 4.8 Ω B
Q.18 A periodic sawtooth current wave is passed through an inductor of 1 H as shown below. The value of VL(t)
at t = 3 msec is
i(t)
+
5 mA i(t) VL(t)
–
L=1H
–10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 t msec
(a) 1 V (b) 2 V
(c) 3 V (d) 4 V
18. (a)
Ld i(t ) d i(t )
VL ( t ) = = ∵L=1H
dt dt
Differentiating i(t ), we get
VL(t)
1V
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (msec)
–5
VL (t) at t = 3 msec = 1 V
Q.19 For the circuit shown below, the value of R (in ohms) is
1Ω
2A 2Ω 2.5 Ω 3Ω
+
1Ω 2A R 2V
–
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) none of these
19. (d)
2 2
1Ω 2–
R R
+ + +
6
2A 2Ω 2.5 Ω 3 Ω
R
2 –
R
V1 V2
+
1Ω 2A R 2V
–
– –
2 2
–2
R R
4 2
V1 = − − 1 − 2
R R
4 2 6 6
V1 = − + − 2 = − − 2 = 2 −
R R R R
6
V2 = +2
R
⇒ V1 = V2 (∵ for parallel branches voltage is same)
6 6
2− = +2
R R
12
= 0
R
R = ∞ (open circuit)
4Ω 6Ω
4Ω 200 mΩ 6Ω
+
– 10 V
20. (d)
The circuit can be redrawn as
4Ω 4Ω
0A
8Ω
6Ω 6Ω
+–
I
200 mΩ
10 V
8Ω
4.8 Ω
12 Ω
+– +–
0.2 Ω 10 V 0.2 Ω 10 V
10
I = =2A
5
Pabsorbed = (0.2) (2)2
= 0.2 × 4 = 0.8 Watts
Q.21 For the circuit shown below, if i (t) = 2e–t cost u(t) A, then the voltage across the capacitor VC (t) will be
i(t )
–t + +
i(t ) = 2e cos t u(t) V (t) 1Ω 1F V (t)
– i – C
21. (d)
I(s )
+
I(s ) 1
1Ω V C(s)
– s
1 1 1
VC(s) = I (s) × × = I (s) ×
1 s s +1
1+
s
2(s + 1)
I(s) =
(s + 1)2 + 1
2(s + 1) 1 2
VC(s) = =×
(s + 1) + 1 1 + s
2
(s + 1)2 + 1
vC (t) = 2e –t sint u(t) V
Q.22 The current flowing through a series LC circuit excited by a step voltage is sinusoidal as shown below.
Find the values of L and C
i(t)
10 mA L C
i(t)
0
t(sec)
1.57 3.14 +–
2u(t)
22. (b)
from the given diagram
i(t) = 10 sin2t u (t) mA ...(i)
L C
i(t)
+–
2u(t)
2
⇒ I(s) = s
1
sL +
sC
2
s 2C
I(s) = 2 = 2
s LC + 1 s LC + 1
sC
2
I(s) = L ...(ii)
1
s +
2
LC
2
From equation (i) I(s) = 10 × 10 −3 2 ...(iii)
s + 4
1 2 2
∴ = 4 and =
LC 100 L
L = 100 H
C = 2.5 mF
1 2
10 V +
– N RL
1′ 2′
3 5
If the hybrid parameter matrix of the Network ‘N ’ is [h ] = , then the maximum power that can be
1 2
transferred to RL is _____.
(a) 8.33 W (b) 16.66 W
(c) 25 W (d) 50 W
23. (a)
to determine Vth :
I1 3Ω I2 = 0 A A
+
10 V
+ 5V2 +
– I1 2 V2=Vth
–
–
B
10 − 5V2 10 − 5Vth
I1 = =
3 3
I1 5Vth − 10
Vth = − =
2 6
6Vth = 5Vth – 10
Vth = –10 V
to determine Rt h :
I2 = 2V2 + I1
1 A = 2V2 + I1
0 = 3I1 + 5V2
5
I1 = − V2
3
I1 3Ω 1A
+
5V2 + I1 2 V2 1A
–
1 A = 2V2 − 5 V2
3
V2 = 3 V
V2
Rth = 1 A = 3 Ω
Vth2 100
PL max = = W = 8.33 W
4Rth 12
Q.24 If the maximum energy stored in a capacitor shown below is finite, then the possible current source
charging the capacitor is
+
i(t) C
–
24. (a)
Maximum energy stored in a capacitor is given as
1 2
E max = CVmax
2
option (a) Impulse current
Cdv
i(t) =
dt
t
1
⇒ VC (t) =
C −∞ ∫ i(t )dt
i(t) = δ(t)
1
VC (t) = u (t )
C
1
⇒ Vmax =
C
2
1 1 1
E max = C =
2 C 2C
option (b) Ramp
1
C∫
VC (t) = Ramp = parabolic
Vmax = ∞
option (c) unit step
t
1 1 1
VC (t) = ∫
C −∞
u (t )dt = r (t ) = t u (t )
C C
Vmax = ∞
option (d) parabolic
Vmax = ∞
Thus option (a) is the correct choice.
25. (c)
2 2
Vrms 120 14400 × (60 − j 80)
Complex power ‘S ’ = = = = 1.44(60 – j 80)
Z∗ 60 + j 80 100 × 100
= (86.4 – j 115.2) VA
Q.26 i R=4Ω
S
1 2
L=2H
10 V +
– +
– 20 V
C = 0.5 F
If the switch is at position ‘1’ for a long time and at (t = 0) it is moved to position ‘2’, then the current i(t) for
t > 0 will be
(a) (5e–t + 25et ) A (b) (5 + 25te–t ) A
(c) (5te–t ) A (d) (25te–t + 5) A
26. (c)
At (t = 0 –)
i R=4Ω R=4Ω
L=2H
10 V + = 10 V +
– –
C = 0.5 F
VC (0 –) = 10 V
iL(0 –) = 0 A
At (t = 0 +)
4Ω
I(s)
sL = 2 s
20 V +
s –
1 2
=
sC s
–+
10
s Capacitor
equivalent
10 / s 10 / s 10
I(s) = = =
4 + 2s +
2 4s + 2s + 2
2
2(s + 2s + 1)
2
s s
5
I(s) =
(s + 1)2
i(t) = 5te –t u(t) A
Q.27 For the circuit shown below, the current i (t) and the voltage v L (t) are given as respectively
i(t) = A (1 – e –Bt ) u(t) A
v L(t) = Ce –Bt u(t) V
AB
The value of expression is __________.
C
t=0
i(t) + vL(t) –
5Ω 5 mH
Vs = 5 V
27. (200)
For a series RL circuit with DC excitation,
V −
Rt
i(t) = s 1 − e L u (t ) A
R
− Rt
v (t ) = Vs e L u (t ) A
Vs
A =
R
R
B =
L
C = Vs
Vs R
×
AB R L = 1
=
C Vs L
1
= = 200
5 × 10 −3
Inet
IR
2C
60° R1 R2
+
Voltage Vnet
45°
–
L C
IR
1L
IR
2C
30°
45°
IR
1L
3
⇒ R2 = X C 3 =
ωC
XL
tan 45° = R
1
⇒ R1 = XC = ωL
3 L
R1R2 = × ωL = 3
ωC C
R1R2 = 3 = 1.732
we know
R1 + R2
≥ R1 R2
2
as arithmetic mean ≥ geometric mean ; (for non-negative real numbers)
R1 + R2 ≥ 2 3
R1 + R2 ≥ 2( 3)
1/ 4
Q.29 For the circuit shown below, if R is increased by 10%, then the change in current I will be _______ mA.
5Ω I
25 V 10 Ω R = 10 Ω
25 V 10 Ω 10 Ω
∆I ′ ∆ I1′
R + ∆R = 11 Ω
10 Ω
+ I1∆R = 1.25 V
–
∆R = 1 Ω
1.25 1.25
−∆ I1′ = = = 0.08721 A
(10 5) + 11 14.33
10 −2
∆ I′ = −∆I1′ × = ∆ I1′ = −0.05814 A = −58.14 mA
15 3
Q.30 For the circuit shown below, the current I is ______ Amp.
I
Req
3.33 Ω
+
– Veq
1 1 1 1
= 1 + + + ...
Req 10 3 9
1 1 1 3 3
= = =
Req 10 1 − 1 10 × 2 20
3
20
Req = Ω
3
E1 E 2 E 3
+ + + ...
R1 R2 R 3
Veq =
1
Req
1
1 1 1 1
1+ + + + .... 1 −
2 4 8 2 20
= = = ×2
3 3 3
20 20
40
Veq = V
3
I
+ 40
– V
10 3
3
20
3
40 40
3 4
I = = 3 = A
20 10 30 3
+
3 3 3
I = 1.33 A
i(t)
+
R 1Ω C VC
–
If i(0 –) = 5 A and i(t)t = 3 msec = 2.5 A, then the value of C is _______ mF.
VR – VC = 0
⇒ VR = VC = 5 V 1
thus VC (0 –) = 5 V = VC (0 +) sC i
Taking Laplace domain
5 1Ω + 5
– s
I(s) = s
1
1+
sC
5
I(s) = s
sC + 1
sC
5C 5
I(s) = =
1 + sC 1
s+
C
i(t) = 5e –t / C u (t)
i(t) 3 msec = 2.5
3×10−3
−
2.5 = 5e C
3×10−3
1 −
= e C
2
−3 × 10−3
–ln 2 =
C
3 × 10−3
C =
ln2
3
C = mF
ln2
C = 4.328 mF
Q.32 For the circuit shown below, the switch S1 and S2 are open for a long time. At t = 0, S1 is closed, while S2
is open. At t = 2 sec, S2 is also closed.
S2
S1
2Ω 3Ω i
10 V L=1H
i(t)
10 V L
Req t
−
Leq
i(t) = i(∞) + (i(0+) – i(∞)) e
Req = 5 Ω
Leq = 1 H
i (0 +) = 0 A
5t
−
i ( t ) = 2 + (0 − 2)e 1 A ; for t > 0
At (t = 2 –)
10
−
i (2 – ) = 2 − 2e 1 A
i (2 – ) ≈ 2A
At (t = 2 +)
i (2 – ) = i (2 +) = 2 A
for t > 2 sec
R1 = 2 Ω
10 V L=1H
R (t − 2)
− 1
L
i ( t ) = i(∞) + (i(2 +) – i(∞)) e ; for t > 2
2
− (3 − 2)
i ( t ) t = 3s = 5 + (2 − 5 )e 1 = 5 − 3e −2
= 4.594 A
Q.33 If the circuit shown below has zero transient response, then the value of L is _______ mH.
t=0
R = 0.01 Ω
2cos(2t + 135°)
L
33. (5)
V = 2cos(2 t + 135°)
In AC transients, for transient free response
−1 ωL π
θ = tan +
R 2
− 1 ωL
135° = tan + 90°
R
ωL
tan(45°) =
R
⇒ ωL = R
⇒ R = 2L
R 0.01
= L=
2 2
L = 5 mH