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Open Lockdown Period


Practice Series for GATE
(Also useful for ESE & Other Exams)

EC : ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
TEST No. - 01 | NETWORK THEORY

Read the following instructions carefully


1. This question paper contains 33 MCQ’s & NAQ’s. Bifurcation of the questions are given below:

2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.


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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.10 carry 1 mark each

Q.1 For the circuit shown below, if the voltage (V ) across the current source of 5 A is 25 V, then the value of ‘R’
is

1Ω R

+
V 5A 2Ω + 3 ix


ix

(a) 1 Ω (b) 2 Ω
(c) 3 Ω (d) 4 Ω

1. (b)
1Ω V1 R
+ –
+ 5V
V = 25 V 5A 2Ω + 3 ix


ix

Applying Nodal analysis

V1 − 3ix
⇒ + ix = 5 A
R
Also V1 = 2ix = 20 V
ix = 10 A
2ix − 3ix
∴ + ix = 5 A
R
20 − 30
+ 10 = 5 A
R
⇒ R = 2Ω
Q.2 For the circuit shown below, the admittance parameter matrix [Y ] will be
I1 I2
+ 3Ω +

2Ω
2Ω
V1 V2

2Ω
– –

2 1   2 1 
 3  − 2   3  − 2 
(a)   (b)  
1  2   − 1  2  
 2 3   2 3 

2  2 
 3  −1   3  1 
(c)   (d)  
 −1  2   1 2 

 3   3 

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2. (b)
I1 I2
+ 3Ω +

2Ω
2Ω
V1 V2

2Ω
– –

I1 3Ω I2
+ +

6Ω
V1 V2
6Ω 6Ω
– –

I1 2Ω I2

+ +

V1 6 Ω 6 Ω V2

– –

for Π-network

I1 Yb I2
+ +

V1 Ya Yc V2

– –

Ya + Yb −Yb 
[Y ] = 

 −Yb Yb + Yc 
1
for the given problem, Ya =
6

1
Yb =
2

1
Yc =
6


 2 1 
 3  − 2 
∴ [Y ] =  
− 1  2  
 2 3 

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Q.3 If V (t) = 2 cos(10t )(1 + 2cos5t ) V, then the rms value of (V (t ) + 3 ) is


(a) 3 3 V (b) 3 2 V
(c) 3 V (d) 4 V

3. (c)
Let f (t) = V (t ) + 3
V (t ) = 2cos10t + 4cos10t ⋅ cos5t
= 2cos10t + 2cos15t + 2cos5t
f (t ) = 3 + 2cos10t + 2cos15t + 2cos 5t
2 2 2
 2   2   2 
rms {f (t)} = ( 3)2 +   +  + 
 2  2  2

4 4 4
= 3+ + +
2 2 2
= 3+6 = 9 = 3 V

Q.4 For the tank circuit shown below, the time period of oscillations is
C=1F

4H 5H 6H

2H 2H

3H

t=0 V
(a) 2π seconds (b) 4π seconds
(c) 6π seconds (d) 8π seconds

4. (c)

Time period (T ) =
ω
1
where ω =
LC
thus, T = 2π LC
In figure
1 2 3
4H 5H 6H

2H 2H

3H
Leq = L1 + L2 + L3 – 2M12 + 2M23 – 2M13
= 4 + 5 + 6 – 2(2) + 2(2) – 2(3) = 9 H
C = 1F
T = 2π 9 = 6 π sec

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Q.5 For the circuit shown below, the steady state voltage ‘V ’ across the current source is __________?
6Ω 2Ω 10 V 9Ω
–+
3F
9Ω
7Ω 2H 9Ω 3H
4Ω V
2Ω + –

6F 5A
(a) 35 V (b) 25 V
(c) 15 V (d) none of these

5. (b)
The circuit can be redrawn by short circuiting inductor and open circuiting capacitor as DC sources are
used.
2Ω 10 V
5A
–+
5/3 5/3 5/3
10 V +
15 V 9Ω 9Ω 9Ω

– 10 V + + V –

2Ω 5A
Applying KVL
V – 10 – 10 + 10 – 15 = 0
V = 25 V

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Q.6 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List-I List-II

A. S = 10 kVA, pf = 0.5 (lagging) 1. (5 + j 5 3 )kVA


B. S = 13 kVA, Q = 5 VAR (capacitative) 2. (5 − j 5 3 )kVA
C. P = 5 kW, pf = 0.5 (inductive) 3. (12 + j5) kVA
4. (12 – j5) kVA
Codes:
A B C
(a) 1 3 2
(b) 2 4 1
(c) 1 4 1
(d) 2 4 2

6. (c)
for A : S = 10 kVA; cosφ = pf = 0.5
s = 10[cos φ + j sinφ] kVA = 5 + j 5 3 kVA ( )
for B : S = 13 kVA; Q = 5 VAR

sinφ = Q = 5 ⇒ cos φ = 12
S 13 13

s = 13 
12 5
− j  kVA = (12 − j 5) kVA
 13 13 
for C : P = 5 kW; cosφ = pf = 0.5
P 3
S = = 10 kVA ; sinφ =
pf 2
1 3
S = 10  + j
2  kVA = 5 + j 5 3 kVA
2 
( )

Q.7 For the following phasor diagram of the circuit as shown, the unknown element ‘z ’ is

Vs Is R
Voltage +
θ Vs element 'z'

C
Is

(a) R (b) C
(c) L (d) combination of RC

7. (c)
Since only L can result in lagging of current with respect to voltage.

IRC

θ
Vs

Is
IL

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Q.8 The Y - parameter matrix of the circuit shown below is

I1 R I2
+ +

V1 V2

– R –

2R 2R  1 1
(a) 
2R 
(b)  
2R 1 1
 1 1 
 2R 2R 
(c)   (d) doesn’t exist
 1 1 
 2R 2R 

8. (d) 1
[Y ] = [ Y 1] + [ Y 2 ]
R R  I1 I2
[Z1] = R R  R
  + +

Since determinant is zero, V1 V2


therefore ‘Y ’ parameter doesn’t exist.
– R –
1 R R 
[Y ] = [Z ]−1 =  ⇒ Not possible
0 R R 
as [Y1] doesn’t exist, [Y ] also doesn’t exist. 2

R L
Q.9 The unit of is
2 C
(a) Ω (b) Ω 2
(c) no unit (d) ΩH rad

9. (b)

R L R Lω R
⇒ = X L XC
2 C 2 Cω 2
Unit of R1 is Ω
Unit of ‘XL’ and ‘XC’ is Ω

R L
Unit of is Ω × Ω × Ω ⇒ (Ω)2
2 C

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Q.10 Which of the following graphs, represents an ACTIVE element.


I I

(a) V (b) V

I I

(c) V
(d) V

10. (c)

Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 11 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

Q.11 A parallel R, L, C circuit has R = 2 kΩ, L = 240 mH, C = 54 µF. The quality factor of the circuit at
resonance is _________.

11. (30)
For parallel resonant circuit
C
Q0 = R
L

54 × 10 −6
Q0 = 2000
240 × 10 −3
9
Q0 = 2000 × 10−4
4
2000 3
Q0 = ×
100 2
Q0 = 30

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Q.12 If both the circuits shown below are equivalent, then the value of RC is __________ sec.
A

R A
C
3Ω
C
C

R 4F
R
B
B

12. (4)
A
R A
1
3sC R
1 A
3sC
1 3R/2
3sC
1
3sC
R/2
1
2sC
R 1
R 6sC
B
B
B
compairing with given diagram
3R
Req = 3 Ω = and Ceq = 4 F = 2 C
2
so, R = 2Ω
C = 2F
RC = 4 sec

 L
Q.13 If Leq of the circuit shown below is   H , then the coupling coefficient (k) is __________.
 3

L
L M
L ⇒ L
3 = eq
L

13. 0.75 (0.70 to 0.80)

Leq = (L + L – 2M )  L

Also M = k L1L2 = M = k L2 = kL Leq ⇒ M L

Leq = (L + L – 2kL )  L

L (2L − 2kL) × L
=
3 2L − 2kL + L
on solving, we get
k = 0.75

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Q.14 For the circuit shown below, the value of Zin is __________ Ω.
3:2 2:1

Zin 3Ω 8Ω R=1Ω

14. (2)
The circuit can be modified as
3:2

3Ω 8Ω R1

2
 2
R1 =   × 1 Ω = 4 Ω
 1
4×8 8
R ′ = 4 8 = = Ω
12 3

2
 3
3Ω R′′ = R′  
 2

8 9 72
R ′′ = × = =6Ω
3 4 12
Zin = R′′ 3 Ω = 6 Ω 3 Ω
Zin = 2Ω

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 VC (s) 
Q.15 For a series RLC circuit shown below, the poles of the transfer function  V (s)  are plotted as shown. If
 i 
R
= 2 3, then the value of R is _________ ohms.
C
VC Im
+ –
j1
R L C
30°
0 Re
+ –
V
–j1
Vi(s)

15. 1.73 (1.60 to 1.80)


1 1 1
VC (s) sC sC LC
= = 2 =
Vi (s) sL + R +
1 s LC + sRC + 1 R
s2 + s +
1
sC sC L LC
R 1
The characteristic equation : s 2 + s+ ...(i)
L LC
as per graph
Im

1
30°
0 Re
3

C (s) = (s + 3 + j1)(s + 3 − j1)

C (s) = s 2 + 2 3s + 3 + 1
= s 2 + 2 3s + 4 ...(ii)
R
On comparison = 2 3 ...(iii)
L
1
= 4 ...(iv)
LC
R
= 2 3 given ...(v)
C
from (ii) and (iii)
R
L = RC = 3
1 2
LC
R
= 2 3
C
3
multiplying R2 = ×2 3 = 3
2
R = 3
R = 1.732 Ω

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Q.16 In the circuit shown below, the average power dissipated by 1 Ω resistor is ________ Watts.

1Ω
2cost 2sint
1F

16. (4)
A
i
1Ω
2∠90° 2∠0°
–j

Applying KCL at node A


i = 2∠90° – 2∠0°
i = 2j – 2 = –2 + 2 j
i = 2cost – 2sint
p (t) = i2R
p (t) = (2cost – 2sint)2 × 1
p (t) = 4cos2t + 4sin2t – 8sint cost
p (t) = 4 – 4sin2t
pavg = 4 Watts

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.26 carry 2 marks each

Q.17 The equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B is


6Ω

6Ω 6Ω 6Ω
6Ω
A 6Ω B

6Ω
6Ω
6Ω 6Ω 6Ω

6Ω

(a) 1.2 Ω (b) 3.6 Ω


(c) 4.8 Ω (d) 6 Ω

17. (c)
6Ω

6Ω 6Ω
6Ω 6Ω
A 6Ω B

6Ω
6Ω
6Ω
6Ω 6Ω

6Ω
2Ω

6Ω 2Ω 6Ω
2Ω
A 6Ω B

6Ω
2Ω
6Ω 2Ω 6Ω

2Ω
8Ω 8Ω

0A

2Ω
A 6Ω B

6Ω
2Ω

0A

8Ω 8Ω

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Since two Wheatstone bridges are connected parallelly, no current flows through 2 Ω resistors.
A 16 Ω B
A 8Ω B
12 Ω
12 Ω
16 Ω

A 4.8 Ω B

Q.18 A periodic sawtooth current wave is passed through an inductor of 1 H as shown below. The value of VL(t)
at t = 3 msec is
i(t)
+
5 mA i(t) VL(t)

L=1H
–10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 t msec
(a) 1 V (b) 2 V
(c) 3 V (d) 4 V

18. (a)
Ld i(t ) d i(t )
VL ( t ) = = ∵L=1H
dt dt
Differentiating i(t ), we get

VL(t)

1V

0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (msec)

–5

VL (t) at t = 3 msec = 1 V

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Q.19 For the circuit shown below, the value of R (in ohms) is
1Ω

2A 2Ω 2.5 Ω 3Ω

+
1Ω 2A R 2V

(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) none of these

19. (d)
2 2
1Ω 2–
R R
+ + +
6
2A 2Ω 2.5 Ω 3 Ω
R
2 –
R
V1 V2
+
1Ω 2A R 2V

– –
2 2
–2
R R

4 2 
V1 = − − 1  − 2
R  R 

4 2  6  6
V1 = −  + − 2 = −  − 2 = 2 −
R R  R  R
6
V2 = +2
R
⇒ V1 = V2 (∵ for parallel branches voltage is same)
6 6
2− = +2
R R
12
= 0
R
R = ∞ (open circuit)

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Q.20 The power absorbed by 200 mΩ resistance in the given circuit is


8Ω

4Ω 6Ω

4Ω 200 mΩ 6Ω

+
– 10 V

(a) 0.2 Watts (b) 0.4 Watts


(c) 0.6 Watts (d) 0.8 Watts

20. (d)
The circuit can be redrawn as

4Ω 4Ω
0A
8Ω

6Ω 6Ω

+–
I
200 mΩ
10 V

8Ω
4.8 Ω
12 Ω

+– +–
0.2 Ω 10 V 0.2 Ω 10 V

10
I = =2A
5
Pabsorbed = (0.2) (2)2
= 0.2 × 4 = 0.8 Watts

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Q.21 For the circuit shown below, if i (t) = 2e–t cost u(t) A, then the voltage across the capacitor VC (t) will be
i(t )

–t + +
i(t ) = 2e cos t u(t) V (t) 1Ω 1F V (t)
– i – C

(a) 2e–t cost u(t) V (b) e–t cost u(t) V


(c) e–t sint u(t) V (d) 2e–t sint u(t) V

21. (d)
I(s )

+
I(s ) 1
1Ω V C(s)
– s

1 1 1
VC(s) = I (s) × × = I (s) ×
1 s s +1
1+
s
2(s + 1)
I(s) =
(s + 1)2 + 1
2(s + 1) 1 2
VC(s) = =×
(s + 1) + 1 1 + s
2
(s + 1)2 + 1
vC (t) = 2e –t sint u(t) V

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Q.22 The current flowing through a series LC circuit excited by a step voltage is sinusoidal as shown below.
Find the values of L and C
i(t)

10 mA L C

i(t)
0
t(sec)

1.57 3.14 +–

2u(t)

(a) L = 10 H, C = 25 mF (b) L = 100 H, C = 2.5 mF


(c) L = 100 H, C = 25 mF (d) L = 10 H, C = 2.5 mF

22. (b)
from the given diagram
i(t) = 10 sin2t u (t) mA ...(i)

L C

i(t)

+–

2u(t)

2
⇒ I(s) = s
1
sL +
sC
2
s 2C
I(s) = 2 = 2
s LC + 1 s LC + 1
sC
2
I(s) = L ...(ii)
1
s +
2
LC
 2 
From equation (i) I(s) = 10 × 10 −3  2 ...(iii)
 s + 4 
1 2 2
∴ = 4 and =
LC 100 L
L = 100 H
C = 2.5 mF

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Q.23 Consider the network shown below.

1 2

10 V +
– N RL

1′ 2′
 3 5
If the hybrid parameter matrix of the Network ‘N ’ is [h ] =   , then the maximum power that can be
 1 2
transferred to RL is _____.
(a) 8.33 W (b) 16.66 W
(c) 25 W (d) 50 W

23. (a)
to determine Vth :
I1 3Ω I2 = 0 A A
+

10 V
+ 5V2 +
– I1 2 V2=Vth


B
10 − 5V2 10 − 5Vth
I1 = =
3 3
I1 5Vth − 10
Vth = − =
2 6
6Vth = 5Vth – 10
Vth = –10 V
to determine Rt h :
I2 = 2V2 + I1
1 A = 2V2 + I1
0 = 3I1 + 5V2

5
I1 = − V2
3
I1 3Ω 1A
+

5V2 + I1 2 V2 1A

1 A = 2V2 − 5 V2
3
V2 = 3 V
V2
Rth = 1 A = 3 Ω

Vth2 100
PL max = = W = 8.33 W
4Rth 12

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Q.24 If the maximum energy stored in a capacitor shown below is finite, then the possible current source
charging the capacitor is

+
i(t) C

(a) Impulse (b) Ramp


(c) Unit step (d) Parabolic

24. (a)
Maximum energy stored in a capacitor is given as
1 2
E max = CVmax
2
option (a) Impulse current
Cdv
i(t) =
dt
t
1
⇒ VC (t) =
C −∞ ∫ i(t )dt
i(t) = δ(t)
1
VC (t) = u (t )
C
1
⇒ Vmax =
C
2
1  1 1
E max = C  =

2 C  2C
option (b) Ramp
1
C∫
VC (t) = Ramp = parabolic
Vmax = ∞
option (c) unit step
t
1 1 1
VC (t) = ∫
C −∞
u (t )dt = r (t ) = t u (t )
C C
Vmax = ∞
option (d) parabolic
Vmax = ∞
Thus option (a) is the correct choice.

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Q.25 If Vrms = 120∠60° and Z = 60 – j80, then the complex power ‘S ’ is


(a) (90 – j120) VA (b) (86.4 + j115.2) VA
(c) (86.4 – j115.2) VA (d) (90 + j120) VA

25. (c)
2 2
Vrms 120 14400 × (60 − j 80)
Complex power ‘S ’ = = = = 1.44(60 – j 80)
Z∗ 60 + j 80 100 × 100

= (86.4 – j 115.2) VA

Q.26 i R=4Ω
S

1 2
L=2H

10 V +
– +
– 20 V
C = 0.5 F

If the switch is at position ‘1’ for a long time and at (t = 0) it is moved to position ‘2’, then the current i(t) for
t > 0 will be
(a) (5e–t + 25et ) A (b) (5 + 25te–t ) A
(c) (5te–t ) A (d) (25te–t + 5) A

26. (c)
At (t = 0 –)
i R=4Ω R=4Ω

L=2H
10 V + = 10 V +
– –

C = 0.5 F

VC (0 –) = 10 V
iL(0 –) = 0 A
At (t = 0 +)
4Ω

I(s)

sL = 2 s
20 V +
s –
1 2
=
sC s
–+
10
s Capacitor
equivalent

10 / s 10 / s 10
I(s) = = =
4 + 2s +
2 4s + 2s + 2
2
2(s + 2s + 1)
2

s s
5
I(s) =
(s + 1)2
i(t) = 5te –t u(t) A

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q.27 to Q.33 carry 2 marks each

Q.27 For the circuit shown below, the current i (t) and the voltage v L (t) are given as respectively
i(t) = A (1 – e –Bt ) u(t) A
v L(t) = Ce –Bt u(t) V
AB
The value of expression is __________.
C
t=0
i(t) + vL(t) –

5Ω 5 mH

Vs = 5 V

27. (200)
For a series RL circuit with DC excitation,

V  −
Rt 
i(t) = s 1 − e L  u (t ) A
R  
 
 − Rt 
v (t ) = Vs  e L  u (t ) A
 
 
Vs
A =
R
R
B =
L
C = Vs
Vs R
×
AB R L = 1
=
C Vs L
1
= = 200
5 × 10 −3

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Q.28 Consider the circuit shown below.

Inet
IR
2C

60° R1 R2
+
Voltage Vnet
45°

L C
IR
1L

If L = C, then the minimum value of R1 + R2 is _______ Ω.

28. 2.63 (2.50 to 2.80)

IR
2C

30°
45°

IR
1L

From phasor, we can write


XC
tan 30° = R
2

3
⇒ R2 = X C 3 =
ωC
XL
tan 45° = R
1
⇒ R1 = XC = ωL
3 L
R1R2 = × ωL = 3
ωC C
R1R2 = 3 = 1.732
we know
R1 + R2
≥ R1 R2
2
as arithmetic mean ≥ geometric mean ; (for non-negative real numbers)

R1 + R2 ≥ 2 3

R1 + R2 ≥ 2( 3)
1/ 4

Minimum value of R1 + R2 = 2.63 Ω

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Q.29 For the circuit shown below, if R is increased by 10%, then the change in current I will be _______ mA.
5Ω I

25 V 10 Ω R = 10 Ω

29. –58.14 (–58.50 to – 57.50)


Iinitial = 2.5 A
I1 = 1.25 A
5Ω I
I1

25 V 10 Ω 10 Ω

Using compansation theorem


5Ω

∆I ′ ∆ I1′
R + ∆R = 11 Ω
10 Ω

+ I1∆R = 1.25 V

∆R = 1 Ω
1.25 1.25
−∆ I1′ = = = 0.08721 A
(10 5) + 11 14.33
10 −2
∆ I′ = −∆I1′ × = ∆ I1′ = −0.05814 A = −58.14 mA
15 3

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Q.30 For the circuit shown below, the current I is ______ Amp.
I

+ 10 V + 15 V + 22.5V + 33.75V + 50.625 V


– – – – –
...... ∞
3.33 Ω
10 Ω 30 Ω 90 Ω 270 Ω 810 Ω

30. 1.33 (1.30 to 1.40)


I

Req
3.33 Ω
+
– Veq

Applying Millman’s Theorem


1 1 1 1
= + + + .....
Req 10 30 90

1 1  1 1 
=  1 + + + ...
Req 10 3 9

 
1 1 1  3 3
= = =
Req 10  1 − 1  10 × 2 20
 3
20
Req = Ω
3
E1 E 2 E 3
+ + + ...
R1 R2 R 3
Veq =
1
Req
1
1 1 1 1
1+ + + + .... 1 −
2 4 8 2 20
= = = ×2
3 3 3
20 20
40
Veq = V
3
I

+ 40
– V
10 3
3
20
3

40 40
3 4
I = = 3 = A
20 10 30 3
+
3 3 3
I = 1.33 A

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Q.31 For the circuit shown below,

i(t)
+
R 1Ω C VC

If i(0 –) = 5 A and i(t)t = 3 msec = 2.5 A, then the value of C is _______ mF.

31. 4.328 (4.20 to 4.50)


at t = 0– :
5A
+ +
R=1Ω VR = 5 V C VC
– –

VR – VC = 0
⇒ VR = VC = 5 V 1
thus VC (0 –) = 5 V = VC (0 +) sC i
Taking Laplace domain
5 1Ω + 5
– s
I(s) = s
1
1+
sC
5
I(s) = s
sC + 1
sC
5C 5
I(s) = =
1 + sC 1
s+
C
i(t) = 5e –t / C u (t)
i(t) 3 msec = 2.5
3×10−3

2.5 = 5e C

3×10−3
1 −
= e C
2
−3 × 10−3
–ln 2 =
C
3 × 10−3
C =
ln2
3
C = mF
ln2
C = 4.328 mF

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Q.32 For the circuit shown below, the switch S1 and S2 are open for a long time. At t = 0, S1 is closed, while S2
is open. At t = 2 sec, S2 is also closed.

S2
S1

2Ω 3Ω i

10 V L=1H

The value of current i at t = 3 sec is ______ A.


(Take appropriate approximations).

32. 4.594 (4.40 to 4.70)


At (t = 0–), both the switches are opened.
L is initially uncharged iL(0–) = 0
At ( t = 0+)
R1 R2

i(t)

10 V L

Req t

Leq
i(t) = i(∞) + (i(0+) – i(∞)) e
Req = 5 Ω
Leq = 1 H
i (0 +) = 0 A
5t

i ( t ) = 2 + (0 − 2)e 1 A ; for t > 0
At (t = 2 –)
10

i (2 – ) = 2 − 2e 1 A
i (2 – ) ≈ 2A
At (t = 2 +)
i (2 – ) = i (2 +) = 2 A
for t > 2 sec
R1 = 2 Ω

10 V L=1H

R (t − 2)
− 1
L
i ( t ) = i(∞) + (i(2 +) – i(∞)) e ; for t > 2
2
− (3 − 2)
i ( t ) t = 3s = 5 + (2 − 5 )e 1 = 5 − 3e −2
= 4.594 A

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Q.33 If the circuit shown below has zero transient response, then the value of L is _______ mH.
t=0

R = 0.01 Ω

2cos(2t + 135°)
L

33. (5)
V = 2cos(2 t + 135°)
In AC transients, for transient free response
−1  ωL  π
θ = tan  +
R  2

− 1  ωL 
135° = tan  + 90°
R 
ωL
tan(45°) =
R
⇒ ωL = R
⇒ R = 2L
R 0.01
= L=
2 2
L = 5 mH



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