AIRCON LOAD

CALCULATION

MME-632

By: Earl L. Ledonio Professor: Engr. Edgardo Concepcion

Objective
To conduct a theoretical computation for the aircon load of the Chapel of San
Pedro Calungsod Congregation Hall and verify if the existing installed aircon
capacity is enough to attain comfort cooling, 23C @ 50%RH, during the summer
months at maximum occupancy.
Considerations
• Using 1pm of the summer day as the peak ambient outside temperature.

• Calungsod Church is facing due East, see next slide for SM Seaside
Complex Site Devt Plan.

• Since the church is facing Due East and with lots of barrier walls that act as
passive ventilation, the side glass walls were considered as Unsunlit.

• Standard space temp being maintained by the church is 23C.

• Max Outside Dry Bulb Temp for Cebu from ASHRAE, 36.6C

• Ventilation Air not considered in the heat load due to the following:
 Two doors (3x7 meters) on the sides are kept open during the mass
 Occupants would stay for a maximum of 2hrs only after which all
doors are being opened of quick egress.
 Site Devt Plan,
Church Calungsod
Church is
facing Due
East.

SM Seaside
City Cebu
Components of the Aircon Heat
Load
• Heat Load from Occupants

• Heat Load from Lighting

• Heat Load from Air Infiltration

• Heat Load from Equipments

• Heat Transmission thru Unsunlit Building Structure

• Heat Transmission thru Sunlit Building Structure

Detailed Computations
I. Heat Load from Occupants

No. of Occupants: 1400 pax

Heat per Occupant: (see table in the next slide)
CLF: 0.74 (see table in next slides)

a. Sensible Heat = # Occupant x Heat per Occupant x CLF

= 1400 pax x 65Watts per person x 0.74
= 67,340 Watts

b. Latent Heat = # Occupant x Heat per Occupant x CLF

= 1400 pax x 30Watts per person x 0.74
= 31,080 Watts
II. Heat Load from Lightings

Type of Lamp: 165W Induction Lamp Note: Using Special

Quantity of Lamp: 38 sets Allowance Factor of
Heat produced per lamp: 194.7Watts 1.18 from Ashrae,
No. of Hours in Operation: 3 hours see table next slide.
Special Allowance Factor: 1.18
CLF : 0.8

a. Sensible Heat = # Lamps x Heat per Lamp x hours x CLF

= 38 lamps x 194.7Watts per lamp x 3 hours x 0.8
= 17,757 Watts

b. Latent Heat = None

Cooling Load Factor
III. Heat Load from Infiltration Air

Computing for the No. of Air Change:

Use Loose, since the

two small doors
along the sides of
the church is
always open during
the mass and the
main door is fully
closed only upon
start of the mass.

where, velocity, V = 6.8 m/sec (from ashrae data for

cebu, see tables in the next slides).

N = a + bV + c (to – ti), where to=36.6C & ti=23C to is max dry bulb temp for
Cebu from ASHRAE (see
N = 0.25 + .020(6.8) + .022(36.6-23) below table), ti is the standard
space temp of the church.
N = 0.6852 per hour
IV. Heat Load from Infiltration Air
qs = mi CPa ( t o – t i ) CLF (Sensible Heat)
qL = mi ( W o – W i ) ( hfg ) CLF (Latent Heat)

where: mi, mass flow of air (m3/sec)

mi = air density x room volume x N
Air density=1.225 kg/m3
Room Vol = 43.2 x 28 x 10.425 (lxwxh)
mi = (1.225 x 43.2 x 28 x 10.425 x .6862)/3600
mi = 2.94 kg/sec
cp air = 1.0 KJ/kg.K
CLF = 0.8

a. Sensible Heat = 2.94 x 1.0 x (36.6 – 23) x 1000 x 0.8

= 31,988.78 Watts
IV. Heat Load from Infiltration Air

qL = mi ( W o – W i ) ( hfg ) CLF (Latent Heat)

where: mi, mass flow of air (m3/sec)

mi = air density x room volume x N
Air density=1.225 kg/m3
Room Vol = 43.2 x 28 x 10.425 (LxWxH)
mi = (1.225 x 43.2 x 28 x 10.425 x .6862)/3600
mi = 2.94 kg/sec
Wo = 0.0314 kg / kg.da See Psychrometric
Wi = 0.0088 kg / kg.da Chart in the next
hfg = 46.5 kJ / kg.da slide.

b. Latent Heat = 2.94 (.0314 - .0088) x 46.5 x 1000 x CLF

= 2,471.84 Watts
 31.4

46.5

8.8
Cooling Load Factor
V. Heat Transmission thru Unsunlit Building Structure

a. Heat thru the front wall.

• Composition: EIFS, Air Gap, CHB

qs = U A ( t o – t i ) CLF (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.18 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
Note: Area
A = 242.9 m² (see front elevation plan in the of Front wall
next slides).
less the main
CLF = 0.8 (see table from ashrae in next
door.
slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.18 x 242.9 x (36.6 – 23) x 0.8

= 475.7 Watts
Computation of U of Front Wall
Front Elevation of the Church

Front Wall (Door

Excluded)
Cooling Load Factor
V. Heat Transmission thru Unsunlit Building Structure

b. Heat thru the Wooden Doors. 3 Doors, 7 x 7 meters

qs = U A ( t o – t i ) CLF (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.765 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
A = 49 m² x 3

CLF = 0.8 (see table from ashrae in next

slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.765 x 49 x 3 x (36.6 – 23) x 0.8

= 1,223.51 Watts
U of the Door
Cooling Load Factor
V. Heat Transmission thru Unsunlit Building Structure

c. Heat thru the Glass Walls

qs = U A ( t o – t i ) CLF (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.345 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
A1 = 124.48 m²
A2 = 300.24 m² Total Area = 802.72
A3 = 378 m²

CLF = 0.8 (see table from ashrae in next

slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.345 x 802.72 x (36.6 – 23) x 0.8

= 3,013.09 Watts
U of the Glass
Wall
 Side Elevation of the Church

Note: Said glass

areas are
typical for both
sides of the
church.

Area 3
Area 2
Area 1
Cooling Load Factor
VI. Heat Transmission thru Sunlit Building Structure

a. Heat thru the rear wall.

• Composition: EIFS, Air Gap, CHB

qs = U A CLTD (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.18 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
A = 367.5 m² (see rear elevation plan in the
next slides).
CLTD = 19 (see table from ashrae in next
slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.18 x 367.5 x 19

= 1,256.85 Watts
Computation of U of Rear Wall
Rear Elevation of the Church

Rear Wall
VI. Heat Transmission thru Sunlit Building Structure

b. Heat thru the Concrete Roof.

• Composition: Concrete Slab

qs = U A CLTD (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.0435 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
A = 1,209.6 m² (see plan in the next slides).
CLTD = 26 (see table in next slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.0435 x 1209.6 x 26

= 1,368.06 Watts
Roof Area of the Church Congregation Hall
Computation of U of Concrete Roof with Ceiling
CLTD for Roof
VI. Heat Transmission thru Sunlit Building Structure

c. Heat thru the Concrete Zocallo @ Roof.

• Composition: Concrete Slab

qs = U A CLTD (sensible heat)

where: U = 0.0435 W/m².K (see next slides for the

computation).
A = 75.6 m² (see front elevation plan in the
next slide).
CLTD = 26 (see table in next slides).

Sensible Heat = 0.0435 x 75.6 x 26

= 85.50 Watts
Front Elevation Showing the Roof Zocallo
CLTD for Roof
Computation of U of Zocallo Concrete Roof
VII. Heat Load from Operating Equipments

a. Fan Coil Unit, 10 units, 10Hp each See next slide

for the heat
Sensible Heat = 10units x 8760 W load of motor &
its driven eqpt
= 87,600 W from ASHRAE.

b. Public Address (PA) System, 1unit, 1000W

Sensible Heat = 1 unit x 1000W

= 1,000 W
Heat Load
from Motor &
Its Driven Eqpt
 Summary Tabulation of the Heat Loads
OCCUPANT
Heat per Occupant, W Instantaneous Load, W CLF Design Cooling Load, W
Room No. Occupant Activity
Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent

Calungsod Church 1400 mass 65 30 91,000 42,000 0.74 0.74 67,340 31,080

LIGHTING
Heat Generated per Instantaneous Load, W CLF Design Cooling Load, W
Room No. Lights Type of Bulb Hours ON
Lamo, W
Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent
Induction Lamp,
Calungsod Church 38 194.7 3 22,196 0.8 17,757
165W

AIR INFILTRATION
Room Dimension Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
No. Change per
Room
Hr
L W H Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent

Calungsod Church 0.6852 43.2 28 10.425 39,985.98 3089.7986 0.8 0.8 31,988.78 2,471.84
HEAT TRANSMISSION THRU UNSUNLIT BUILDING
STRUCTURE
Opaque Surface (Concrete wall with EIFS/roof/floor)
Dimension Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
Exposure Unsunlit Area U delta T
L W Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent

Front Wall 10.425 28 242.9 0.18 13.6 594.62 0.8 475.70

Opaque Surface (Wooden Door)

Dimension Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
Exposure Unsunlit Area U delta T
H W Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent
Main Door 7 7 49 0.765 13.6 509.80 0.8 407.84
Side Door 1 7 7 49 0.765 13.6 509.80 0.8 407.84
Side Door 2 7 7 49 0.765 13.6 509.80 0.8 407.84

Glass Surface (Wall)

Dimension Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
Exposure Unsunlit Area U delta T
H W Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent
Area 1 7.725 28.8 124.48 0.345 13.6 584.1 0.8 467.25
Area 2 10.425 28.8 300.24 0.345 13.6 1,408.7 0.8 1,126.98
Area 3 13.125 28.8 378 0.345 13.6 1,773.6 0.8 1,418.86
HEAT TRANSMISSION THRU SUNLIT BUILDING
STRUCTURE

Opaque Surface (Concrete Wall with EIFS & roof)

Dimension Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
Exposure Sunlit Area U CLTD
H W Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent
Rear Wall 13.125 28 367.5 0.18 19 1256.85 1 1256.85
Roof, Concrete 43.2 28 1209.6 0.0435 26 1368.06 1 1368.0576
Concrete Zocallo at
Roof
2.7 28 75.6 0.0435 26 85.50 1 85.5036

MISCELLANEOUS LOAD
Instantaneous Load CLF Design Cooling Load
Room Items Description
Sensible Latent Sensible Latent Sensible Latent
# of Units Rating, Hp Heat Load per Unit

Fan Coil Units 10 10 8760 87,600 1 87,600

Church Equipments PA System 1 1000 1,000 1 1,000

TOTAL 250,383 45,090 213,108 33,552

TOTAL HEAT LOAD 246,660

plus 10% allowance for unforseen loads 271,325.96

Conclusion

Based on the computed Heat Load of the Congregation Hall of the Chapel
of San Pedro Calungsod the Computed Heat Load is at 271,325.96 Watts.

The Installed Aircon system of the Congregation Hall is a VRF System with 10
Fan Coil Units being served by 2 Outdoor Units with a capacity of 140 kW
each or a Total VRF Aircon Capacity of 280,000 Watts.

Therefore the installed Aircon System of the church is adequate and can
effectively handle all inherent heat loads.

Based on this the desired space temp of 23C can be attained.

Recommendations
• Implement a 2-hr precooling of the congregation hall prior the mass
most especially for noon and afternoon masses. This is to ensure that the
aircon system has sufficiently cooled the space before the occupants
will ingress.

• Implement regular monthly cleaning of all heat transfer surfaces for

both the indoor and outdoor units.

• Implement regular PM of all controls & electronic parts.

• The aircon system of the church is already 7.5 years in operation, it is

best to get the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) to conduct a
thorough audit & assessment of the aircon system in order to maintain
its efficiency and maximize it designed capacity.
Thank you !!!