International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyResearch (IJSETR)

Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2019, ISSN: 2278 -7798

Design and Calculation of Centrifugal Pump

(Impeller) For Water Pumping
Htet Khaing1, Yin Mar Lwin2 , Ye Lwin3

cannot be constant in dynamic pump. Moreover, the dynamic

Abstract— Pump technology is a proven technology in the pumps have advantages over positive displacement pumps
world. The application and use of pump today are universal. that they are large flow rate. So, dynamic pumps are mostly
Modern public utilities, chemical plants, municipal water and used in many applications. All of the centrifugal pumps are
sewage works and other fields, too numerous to mention would
mostly used in our country for many applications such as
be seriously handicapped if these machines did not exit. A
single-suction centrifugal pump is widely used in domestic water pumping project, domestic water raising, industrial
application, water supply process and agricultural process. A waste water removal, and raising water from tube wells to the
single-suction centrifugal pump includes an impeller rotating fields.
inside a pump housing, volute casing. The impeller comprises
an essential circular disk-shaped carrier with a number of
blades arranged at an angle out from the disk plane. In this
2) BASIC PRINCIPAL OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
paper, design of impeller of single-suction centrifugal pump
that can develop a head of 16 m and deliver 0.17 m3/min of Centrifugal pumps are also required that the fluid may be
water at the high speed of 2850 rpm. The designed impeller has available to the pump suction nozzle with sufficient energy.
51 mm inlet diameter, 117 mm outlet diameter, 13º inlet vane
Centrifugal pumps cannot draw the liquid into the pump
angle and 14 º outlet vane angles. The number of vane is 3. The
inlet width and outlet width are 12.6 mm and 6 mm respectively. housing. The principal pumping units of a centrifugal pump
The designed single-suction centrifugal pump can fulfill the are the volute and impeller. The impeller is attached to a
requirements of chemical plants, domestic applications, water shaft. The shaft is powered by the motor or driver because
supply process and agricultural process and then can improve some pumps are attached to pulleys or transmissions. The
pump efficiency. fluid enters into the eye of the impeller and it is trapped
between the impeller blades. The impeller blades contain the
Index Terms— Centrifugal Pump, Speed, Input Power, Blade
Number
liquid and impart speed to the liquid as it passes from the
impeller eye towards the outside diameter of the impeller. As
1) INTRODUCTION the fluid accelerates in velocity, low pressure is created in the
eye of the impeller. The liquid must enter into the pump with
Pumping may be defined as addition of energy to a fluid to
sufficient energy. The liquid leaves the outside diameter of
move it from one point to another or to raise it to the required
the impeller at a high rate of speed and immediately into the
height. The energy given to the pump case forces the fluid to
internal casing wall of the volute. The input for the
do work, flowing through the pipes rising to higher level. The
centrifugal pump is the mechanical power and the outlet is
input energy of the pump is the mechanical energy and the
the hydraulic energy. So, it is the device for converting for
output energy is the hydraulic energy. In industries
mechanical energy to hydraulic energy to get water or other
throughout the world, pumps play in a major role. Pumps are
materials to a required place.
widely used in irrigation and are most common where
pumping from surface water supplies such as rivers, lakes,
streams and rising water to higher level. Moreover, they are
also widely used in many other applications such as chemical
plants, oil refineries, hydraulic power service and firefighting
and hydraulic systems. Municipalities use pump for water
and waste water to move, treatment and for land drainage.
Pumps can be classified into two categories depending on
their working principle. They are positive displacement
pump and dynamic pump. The main difference is the flow
continuity. In positive displacement pump, the fluid flow is
intermitted, in contrary, the dynamic pump has continuous
flow. The flow rate is almost constant in positive pump but it

Manuscript received July, 2019.

Htet Khaing, Mechanical Engineering Department, Technological
University(Pakokku), Pakokku, Myanmar, +95943191615.
Yin Mar Lwin, Mechanical Engineering Department, Technological
University(Pakokku), Pakokku, Myanmar, +959401516786.
Ye Lwin, Mechanical Engineering Department, Technological Figure 1.Section view of Centrifugal Pump
University(Pakokku), Pakokku, Myanmar, +95791934383.

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 International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyResearch (IJSETR)
Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2019, ISSN: 2278 -7798

3) DESIGN CONSIDERATION Vr1 = vane inlet velocity

i The specific speed Vr2 = vane outlet velocity
Ku = vane outlet peripheral velocity constant
Km1 = vane inlet velocity constant
n= nQ (1) Km2= vane outlet velocity constant
s 3/4 g = acceleration due to gravity
H
Where; H = head
ns = specific speed
n = rotational speed
Q= Capacity
H=head

ii Input Power
ρgHQ
P= (2) (a) (b)
η
Where; Figure .2. Virtual Velocity Diagrams of Impeller
P = input power of the centrifugal pump (a) virtual inlet velocity, (b) virtual outlet velocity
ρ = density of water vii Impeller inlet and outlet diameter
η = pump efficiency D1h +D1s
g = acceleration due to gravity D1= (12)
2
H = head
Q = capacity 60u2
D= (13)
2
πn
iii Output power of electric motor
πD1n
1+fa ×P u1= (14)
Pr = (3) 60
ηtr ×1000
Where;
D1 = inlet diameter
iv Shaft and Hub diameters D2 = outlet diameter
16T u1 = the peripheral velocity at the inlet
d s=3 (4)
πτ viii Inlet and outlet blade angle of the impeller
Dh=(1.5~2)ds (5)  V
Where; -1
ds = shaft diameter
β1=tan  r1  + 0 6  (15)
T = Torsional moment  u1 
τ = Shear stress In this design the vane outlet angle 2 is assumed as 14ൂ
Dh = hub diameter because 2 is usually larger than 1 to obtain a smooth,
continuous passage.
v Impeller eye diameter and eye velocity
' ix Inlet and outlet velocity diagrams
4Q 2
D0 = s (6) u
+Dh
πVm0 v1= 1 (16)
cosβ1
Vm0 =Km0 2gH (7)
v
K =0.07+0.00023n (8) v = r2 (17)
m0 s 2
Where; sinβ2
D0 = impeller eye diameter Vr2
V=u- (18)
Dh = hub diameter u2 2
Vm0 = velocity at the eye suction tanβ2
Km0 = impeller eye velocity constant '
g = acceleration due to gravity V u2 = Vu2× η (19)
H = head -1  Vr1 
α2 = tan   (20)
vi Impeller inlet and outlet velocity  Vu2 
u2 =Ku 2gH (9) ' -1  Vr2  (21)
V =K (10) α2 =tan  V '
r1 m1 2gH  u2 
Vr2 =Km2
2gH
(11) ' 2 '2 (22)
V2 = Vr2 +Vu2
Where;
u2 = vane outlet peripheral velocity

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 International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyResearch (IJSETR)
Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2019, ISSN: 2278 -7798

x Number of blades
D +D1  β1+β2 
Z=6.5× 2 sin (23)
 
D2 -D1  2 

xi Impeller inlet and outlet width

δ1
S = (24)
1
sinβ1
 Q'   πD 
b1=  s  ×  1  (25)
 πD1Vr1   πD1-S1Z 
 Q'   πD 
b2 = 
 s ×  2
   (26)
 πD2Vm2   πD2 -S2Z 

xii Required parameters for impeller blade shape

To draw the curvature of the blade curve equally
spaced circles are drawn between impeller outside circle and
impeller inside circle. Vane slope angles are also drawn. The
angle between β1 and β2 are equally divided into three angles.
Impeller outside diameter, DA = 117 mm Figure .3. Curvature of Impeller Blade

Radius, RA = 58.5 mm 4) CALCULATION RESULT OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

D (IMPELLER)
RD = 1h (27)
2 The calculated results for impeller is clearly expressed in
 RA -R D  Table 1. Moreover, detail drawing of impeller is also shown
R =R - (28)
B A   in following figure 4.
 3 
Table 1. Results of centrifugal pump (impeller)
R =R  R A -R D  (29) No Descriptions Value Units

C D   1 Specific speed, ns 147 mm
3
  2 Input Power, P 926.4 W
 β2 -β1  3 Output Power of Electric 1.7 hp
β =β - (30) Motor, Pr
 
B
 3  4 Shaft diameter, ds 12 mm
1
5 Hub diameter, Dh 24 mm
 β2 -β1  (31) 6 Eye diameter, D0 51 mm
βC =β1 
 3 
  7 Inlet velocity, Vr1 1.8 m/sec

La =
 R 2A -R 2B  (32)
8
9
Outlet velocity, Vr2
Peripheral velocity at the
1.59
17.7
m/sec
m/sec

2 R cosβ -R cosβ  outlet, u2
A 2 B B 10 Inlet diameter, D1 51.05 mm
11 Outlet diameter, D2 117 mm

Lb =
 R 2B -R C2  (33)
12 Peripheral velocity at the inlet, 7.6 m/sec
u1

2 R BcosβB -RCcosβC  13 Vane inlet angle,β1 13 degree
2 2 14 Inlet relative velocity, v1 7.8 m/sec
Lc =
 R C -R D  (34)
15 Outlet relative velocity, v2 6.57 m/sec

2 R cosβ -R cosβ
C C D 1  16 Number of blades, Z 3
17 Impeller inlet width, b1 12.4 mm
18 Impeller outlet width, b2 6 mm

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All Rights Reserved © 2019 IJSETR
 International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyResearch (IJSETR)
Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2019, ISSN: 2278 -7798

Figure 4. Drawing of Impeller (Front view and Side view)

5) CONCLUSION
The designed pump is aimed to use in domestic
application. The designed pump is single stage single-suction
centrifugal pump. It is widely used in agricultural process.
Pumps play in important roles to get the required water for
agricultural process. In also Myanmar, centrifugal pump is
essential part because Myanmar is an agricultural country.
The designed pump can develop a head of 16 m and deliver
0.17 m3/min of water at 2850 rpm. The designed impeller has
51 mm inlet diameter, 117 mm outlet diameter, 13 inlet vane
angle and 14 outlet vane angle. The number of vanes is 3.
And then, the inlet width and outlet width are 12.4 mm and 6
mm respectively.

REFERENCES
[1] M.G.Patel , A.V.Doshi.Effect of Impeller Blade Exit Angle on the
Performance of Centrifugal Pump.International Journal of Emerging
Technology and Advanced Engineering, (2013).
[2] Lev Nelik., CRC Press LLC, “ Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps”, (1999).
[3] Larry Bachus, and Angle Custidio:Known and Understand Centrifugal
Pump, Bachus Company, Tokyo113, Japan,2003.
[4] Igor, J., Joseph, P. and Charles, C.: Pump Hand Book,, McGraw-Hill
Company, USA, (2001).
[5] Khin Maung Aye,U,“ Fluid Machinery for Mechanical Engineering
December (2000).
[6] M.G.Patel , A.V.Doshi.Effect of Impeller Blade Exit Angle on the
Performance of Centrifugal Pump.International Journal of Emerging
Technology and Advanced Engineering, (2013).
[7] ElieTawil P.E., LEED AP. Centrifugal and Positive Displacement
Pumps

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