HMA Design

Asphalt Mix.
Design
‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬
 ‫( و‬‫ و‬ ‫ ا‬)  ‫ء و ا‬‫م‬‫ف ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ة و ا‬‫ و ا‬‫ رب ا‬ ‫ا‬
. ‫ن‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬‫ و‬‫آ‬
: َ
َ‫ى م‬ ‫وم‬ ‫د‬‫ان و ز‬‫ دام‬‫وم‬‫رووى زؤر‬ ‫ن‬‫ارة‬ ‫و‬  ‫ن‬‫ةوةى ذ‬َ‫ ر‬‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬
‫ن‬‫رة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫رى رؤذام‬‫رو‬ ‫وم‬‫د‬‫ و ز‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ و‬ ‫ةى‬َ ‫ون‬
‫رو‬ ‫م‬‫و‬‫ م‬ ‫و‬َ‫ ض ر‬ َ ‫وة‬ ‫ك‬ ‫رى‬ ‫م‬ ‫ن‬َ ‫وا‬ ‫دووة‬ ‫ واى‬‫م‬
‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬  .‫ك‬  ‫ن‬‫رؤ‬ ‫ن و‬‫رة‬ ‫ان‬َ‫ م‬‫م‬‫رة‬ َ‫ن ر‬ َ ‫ن‬‫رؤ‬
‫م‬‫ ط‬ َ  ‫دم‬ ‫ دا‬‫م‬ .‫وة‬‫م‬‫م‬‫زا‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬ ‫ن‬‫وة‬ ‫ن و‬‫ة‬‫م‬‫ى ط‬َ‫ر‬
 
 ‫ى‬‫ؤذام‬‫رى ر‬‫رو‬ ‫ام‬  ‫ت‬‫ زؤر دة‬‫ر‬‫م‬ ، ‫ى‬‫ؤذام‬‫ ر‬‫م‬‫ ذ‬‫م‬‫او‬َ
.‫رة‬ ‫ن زؤر‬‫رة‬  ‫ؤ‬ ‫رى‬‫ؤذط‬‫ ر‬   َ  ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫وة‬‫ا‬‫ى ط‬َ‫ر‬
 ‫ى‬ ‫و‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ن و‬‫وة‬‫ر‬‫ددة‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ د‬ َ  ‫دم‬ َ َ ‫رة‬‫د‬
‫ش‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ردةوا‬ ‫ و‬ ‫دن و‬‫و‬ ‫رى‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ر‬   ‫رى زؤرى‬‫ر‬ َ‫رى دة‬
.َ ‫وة‬‫م‬‫ر‬‫از‬‫م‬ ‫ةى ر‬َ‫ط‬ ‫دم‬ َ َ ‫دن و‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫د‬ َ‫دة‬
‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬‫ وا‬‫م‬ َ ‫م‬‫ر‬‫رام‬‫ى ط‬‫رط‬ ‫وم‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬‫ و‬،(Flexibility)  ‫ر‬ 
.‫و‬‫رى م‬َ‫ر‬  ‫ى‬‫م‬‫و وو‬   ََ‫ر‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫و‬   
‫ارة‬ ‫ا و‬‫م‬‫م‬‫و‬َ‫ ر‬ ََ‫ردة‬   ‫ن‬ ‫زارة‬  ‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ي‬‫م‬‫رد‬
. ‫م‬
‫وة‬‫اوة‬‫ا رووم‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫ ط‬َ‫ و‬‫ة‬َ   ‫رة‬َ‫ ر‬
‫ة‬َ‫وةى ر‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ازة‬‫م‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ن و‬‫ادة‬  ‫ن و‬‫وة‬‫ر‬‫ادة‬ ‫رووى وةرط‬
 ‫و‬‫ةم‬ ‫ ز‬َ َ‫م‬ ‫ة‬‫م‬‫ر‬) ‫وة‬َ‫ردى دا‬ ‫م‬‫ ز‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫م‬‫وة‬َ
 (‫ر‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬‫ وو‬‫وم‬‫ن م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ورووم‬‫ر‬ ‫ روون و‬‫ ز‬ ‫ى‬ ‫زاراوةى زام‬
َ ‫ن وة‬‫رد‬  ‫ن‬ ‫رى‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ك‬ ‫دن و‬ َ ‫رةو‬  ‫ردى و‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬َ ‫دم‬‫م‬‫دةو‬
‫ةوى زام‬َ‫ ر‬ َ ‫و‬  ‫ي‬‫وام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن و‬‫ؤذة‬  ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ ‫رام‬‫از‬‫م‬  َ‫ر‬َ‫ر‬
‫رى‬ ‫ردة‬ ‫ي‬‫رام‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ و‬   ‫ ز‬ ‫دن دةدةن‬‫اري درو‬  ‫م‬‫وط‬
.َ ‫ن‬َ‫ در‬‫م‬ ‫ى و‬‫رط‬ ‫رووى‬  َ ‫و‬ ‫ دة‬
‫ر‬‫از‬‫م‬
‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫رى ا‬
aree_eng02 @ yahoo. Com
َ‫و‬ – ‫ن‬‫رد‬ َ‫ر‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
aree_eng02@yahoo.com
Asphalt Mix. Design
: ‫وة‬‫دم‬‫رووم‬
:َ ‫م‬ ‫ر‬   َ  ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬  ‫وةى دة‬ َ
 ‫اردم‬     ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬   .١
‫ةى‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫او وة‬‫ داوا‬‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬  ‫و‬‫ ط‬ ‫ط‬ ‫(ى‬Blend)‫ة‬َ‫ر‬
.َ ‫دى‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ارةوةى‬ ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ داوا‬‫ ط‬ َ ‫م‬َ ‫دة‬   ‫اوى‬‫د‬‫ز‬
Stability – avoid permanent deformation under traffic loads
Fatigue resistance – avoid fatigue cracking
Resistance to thermal cracking
Resistance to hardening
Resistance to moisture damage
Provide skid resistance
Provide workability
/ َ
. ‫ن‬ ‫ى زاراوة زام‬ ‫رةوة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬  َ 
:‫وام‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬   ‫م‬‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ‫رة ر‬ ‫ دوو‬.٢

 Marshall method
 Haveem method
 ‫م‬‫و‬َ‫وةى ر‬َ ‫ت و‬‫ درا‬ ‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ؤط‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬َ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ة‬‫م‬‫ر‬
 ‫وة‬‫ة‬‫ن دؤز‬ َ‫ى‬‫ م‬‫رة ر‬( Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP))
‫دم‬ َ‫رةو‬ ‫ى‬‫ذ‬ ‫زة‬  ( SuperpaveTM method) ‫و‬  ‫وى‬َ
.   ‫وى‬َ
.‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬ َ  َ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫رةدا‬َ‫ ر‬ َ .٣
Bruce Marshall ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫وس‬  ‫وة‬َ‫ر‬‫ل دةط‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ ر‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ى درو‬‫ؤ‬
 ‫م‬‫وة‬ ‫ وو‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬َ‫ ر‬  Mississippi  ‫ى‬‫ دةزط‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫از‬‫م‬ 
 ‫ن‬. ‫ى‬ ‫رى‬‫از‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫ت‬‫دا دا‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ر‬ ‫رى‬‫رام‬‫ن ط‬ ١٩٣٩ ‫م‬
( American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D 1559))  ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ َ‫ر‬
(AASHTO T 245 - 78) ‫ى‬‫ط‬ ‫وة‬‫ا‬  ‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬
‫ةى‬ ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬ (Aggregate)‫ط‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬  ‫م‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ة‬‫ةم‬ ‫ةى ط‬َ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ر‬
‫دم‬‫د‬‫دن و ز‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ ز‬ َ‫ة‬َ ‫ى‬ ‫ادى‬ ‫ر‬ َ‫م‬  ‫وةى‬ ‫رةراى‬  ٢٥  َ‫م‬‫ز‬
‫ام‬‫دا دة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫وة‬.(Hot mix-Asphalt (HMA)) ‫ر‬‫ ط‬ ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬‫رى وة درو‬ ‫ن و‬
.‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬‫دة‬  ‫ى‬‫م‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬  ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬(Plastic Deformation) ‫ى‬‫رط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
: ‫م‬‫وة‬َ
‫ط‬ ) َ‫ د‬َ َ ‫وي دوو‬َ  ‫ ط‬‫ة‬َ  ‫وا‬  َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
‫ي‬َ َ  ‫دن و‬ ‫ل‬َ ‫ دواي‬‫ددةى را‬ ‫( وة‬)  ‫ى‬ +Aggregate (‫رد‬)
.َ‫ دة‬‫ رةق درو‬‫ة م‬َ
  (Aggregate) ‫ ر‬-‫ط‬ ‫ادى‬  ‫وة‬ َ ‫رة زؤرى‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ر‬ ‫وا‬   ‫رةى‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬. ‫م‬ ‫ون و‬‫ م‬َ ‫ى و‬‫رط‬ ‫ر‬  ‫واوى‬ ‫رى‬‫ر‬( ‫رى‬ ‫رة و‬ ‫ة و‬َ )‫رووى‬ ‫ط‬
: ‫وا‬  َ‫ و‬
/ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬
‫ة‬َ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ان دةم‬َ‫ م‬‫م‬‫م‬ َ ‫ى‬َ ‫رة‬‫روةك د‬
‫رى‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ ذ‬‫و‬  ‫َ دةدات‬ ‫ن‬‫ ز‬‫رط‬ ‫ش‬
.‫و‬ ‫ر‬
/‫ى دووة‬َ‫و‬
‫وازة‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ان دةم‬َ‫ م‬‫م‬‫م‬ َ ‫ى‬َ ‫رة‬‫روةك د‬
.. ‫ى‬َ‫لَ و‬‫ط‬ ‫راورد‬  ‫َ دةدات‬ ‫ن‬ ‫رط‬ ‫ش‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وا دة‬ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ و‬ ‫روةك‬  ‫اوى‬ ‫رش‬ ‫م‬  ‫ وةر‬‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬ ‫ك‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
   ‫(وا‬Permeable Voids)‫ص دةدات‬‫ون و ا‬‫ر‬َ  َ‫ن رى‬)  ‫ دا‬‫ط‬   ‫ر‬ ‫دوو‬
‫را‬  ‫(وا‬Impermeable Voids)‫دات‬‫ون م‬‫ر‬َ  َ‫ن رى‬ ‫وى‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ داط‬َ‫ام‬‫دة‬
( ‫ن‬ َ‫م‬‫داط‬
 ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬ ‫ك‬‫ط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ن‬ ‫وةى زاراوة زام‬‫دم‬‫رووم‬
‫رى‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬   ‫ى‬‫م‬‫و زاراوة زام‬ َ  ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬  ‫وةى دة‬ َ
. ‫رةزا‬ ‫ن‬ َ َ‫دة‬
( ‫ى‬) Asphalt Cement=Binder=Bitumen 
 ‫ رة‬‫ى رةم‬   ‫وة‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ رةم‬ (Cementitious material)‫رى‬َ َ   
.‫وت‬‫ م‬‫و‬ ‫م‬ ‫دواى‬ ‫ك‬ ‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ةى‬َ َ‫ادة‬  ‫وة‬‫ط‬
‫وت‬‫ م‬‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫و‬ ‫ةى‬َ

Cold Bin=Cold Feed 
. ١ ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬َ‫ى و‬. ‫ى‬‫رط‬  ‫اوة‬‫دة‬ ‫ا‬ (Aggregate) ‫ر‬-‫رد‬ ‫م‬‫ادة‬  َ ‫و‬
Cold Bin
Hot Bin 
‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ل‬َ ‫دارى‬  ‫اوة‬‫دة‬ ‫اوة و‬ ‫ر‬‫واوى ط‬ (Aggregate) ‫ر‬-‫رد‬ ‫م‬‫ادة‬  َ ‫و‬
. ١ ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬َ‫ى و‬ .  ‫ى‬‫رط‬  
Hot Bin
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
() Viscosity 
Viscosity ‫زؤرى‬.َ(Flow ‫وم‬‫ر‬ ‫ردةى‬‫ د‬‫وم‬‫ر‬‫رةم‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬  ‫ددة‬  ‫ن م‬  ‫رى‬ َ
.‫( دا‬Flow)‫ون‬‫ر‬ ‫رى‬    ‫ددة‬ ‫وا‬
‫ردةوا‬ Durability 
‫و و‬ ‫وا و‬‫وو‬ ‫رام‬‫ )ط‬‫م‬‫ر‬‫ر‬  ‫راو‬‫ دام‬ ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬  َ‫او وة دة‬ ‫رش‬   َ
.َ‫ى دة‬‫ام‬ َ‫ دة‬‫و‬  ‫ى‬‫م‬‫رام‬‫ ط‬ ‫ى‬‫رط‬   ‫ك‬‫ ض راددة‬ ( ‫ر‬‫ط‬
‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬ Flexibility 

.َ ‫ن‬ ‫ درز و‬‫و‬   ‫وةى‬ َ ‫وةى‬ ‫ م‬‫رام‬‫ ط‬ ‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬   
Fatigue Resistance 
 ‫ك‬ ‫رة‬ ‫و‬ ‫وةى‬‫وم‬‫رة‬‫رى دوو‬‫ر‬ َ‫ ذ‬ Flex  ‫وم‬  ‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬   
.‫ن‬‫ة‬‫ر‬ َ ‫ى‬ َ‫ دة‬‫و‬  ‫م‬ ‫دواى‬
Fatigue Cracking
‫ادة‬ ( ‫ درزى‬َ‫َ ى دة‬ ‫ درزام‬)‫رة درزام‬   ‫وا دة‬  ‫رةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
.Fatigue Resistance ‫وازى‬ ‫ى‬
‫ارؤ‬َ Permeability 
.‫وى دا‬‫ م‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وم‬‫ر‬َ  ‫اوة‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬   
‫ن‬ ‫ى‬‫رط‬ Skid Resistance 
‫ى‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬  ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ان رووى‬َ‫ م‬ ‫ن‬‫م‬َ ‫ى‬َ ‫ام‬َ  ‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى رووى‬‫رط‬   
.َ
‫دن‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬ Job Mix Formula (JMF) 

  ‫وى‬َ ‫م‬َ ‫ر‬ ‫دن و‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬  ‫ك‬ َ  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬  
. ‫اوى‬‫د‬‫ةى ز‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ و‬‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬‫م‬َ ‫ دة‬ ‫ش‬  ‫دم‬‫ى درو‬‫رط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ى‬َ Stability 
‫م‬ ‫ دواى‬ ‫ك‬ ‫رة‬ ‫وةى‬‫وم‬‫رة‬‫رى دوو‬‫ر‬ ‫ى دذى‬‫رط‬ ‫وم‬  ‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬   
‫( و‬ruts)  ‫ى زؤرى‬ َ‫ش دة‬ Stability ‫وم‬‫ م‬.‫ن‬‫ة‬‫ر‬ َ ‫ى‬ َ‫ دة‬‫و‬ 
.( corrugation )
(‫دن‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬) Workability 

.‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫دن و‬ ‫رش‬  ‫دن‬  ‫م‬ ‫ دةر‬  
(‫رد )ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫ى‬ Specific Gravity of Combine Aggregate 

 ‫ى‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ  (‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫وة‬َ Aggregate ‫ادى‬ ‫ةدا‬َ
‫ةى‬َ  ‫ن‬‫رة‬ ‫ ط‬َ‫ى دة‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ ‫وا‬(apparent , SSD & Bulk) ‫رة‬ َ ‫ر‬
. ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ دواى رووم‬  ( ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬  ‫ى‬) ‫ة‬ ‫ن‬َ ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫م‬ ‫ى‬ Specific Gravity Of Compacted Asphalt specimen 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
: ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬َ ‫او‬ ‫رش‬  ‫رةى‬ ‫ةى ط‬َ 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫م‬‫وة‬َ 
١ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬
: ‫ام‬ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬ َ‫ دة‬ ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬  ‫وةى دة‬ َ
. SORB TableR9/5 ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬َ‫و‬‫م‬‫دة‬   ‫رى‬ -١
TABLE R9/5 (PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES)

Property Base Course Binder Course Surface Course
Resistance to plastic flow (ASTM D 1559) 75
Blows/End
- Marshall Stability (KN), min
5 7 8
- Marshall Flow (mm) 2-4 2-4 2-4
Voids in Marshall specimen (%) 3-6 3-5 3-5
Voids in mineral aggregate (%), mm. 12 13 14
Immersion-Compression (ASTM D 1075) 70 70 70
Index of Retained Strength (%), min.
SORB TableR9/3 ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ .(Max. Size of Aggregate ) ‫ة‬‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ةى‬ ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬-٢
( SORB R9) ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ط‬  ‫و‬ ‫م‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬  َ
.‫اوة‬ َ‫و‬ ‫رة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ى‬   ‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫و‬َ‫ى ر‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬َ ‫ن‬  ‫اوة‬ ‫رة‬‫ دوو‬٢٠٠٣ 
TABLE R9/3 (ASPHALT MIXTURE GRADINGS)

Sieve size mm Type I Type II Type IIIA Type IIIB
Base Course Binder or Surface or Wearing
Leveling Course Course
% Passing by Weight of Total aggregate + Filler
1 ½ in 37.5 100
1 25.0 90-100 100
¾ 19.0 76-90 90-100 100
½ 12.5 56-80 76-90 90-100 100
⅜ 9.5 48-74 56-80 76-90 90-100
No. 4 4.75 29-59 35-65 44-74 55-85
No. 8 2.36 19-45 23-49 28-58 32-67
No. 50 300 µm 5-17 5-19 5-21 7-23
No. 200 75 µm 2-8 3-9 4-10 4-10
Asphalt Cement (% weight of 3-5.5 4-6 4-6 4-6
total mix)
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
: ‫دا دادةروات‬‫م‬‫ط‬   ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬ ‫ درو‬‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬
.‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬ :  ‫ى‬‫ط‬
.َ ‫ن‬َ  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬   ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬: ‫ى دووة‬‫ط‬
. (Blending Proportioning) ‫دم‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬ :  َ ‫ى‬‫ط‬
(Marshal Stability)‫ل‬‫ر‬  ‫دم‬ : ‫ارة‬ ‫ى‬‫ط‬
.  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬  ‫ازة‬‫م‬ ‫رى‬ :َ ‫ى‬‫ط‬
( ‫رت‬‫ةى را‬َ) ‫ن‬ ‫اوةى‬ :  ‫ى‬‫ط‬
. ‫ن‬ : ‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫ط‬
: ‫وة‬‫دم‬‫رووم‬
‫ط‬ ‫ةى‬ ‫ورة‬‫ وةط‬َ     ‫رةدا‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬َ‫و‬‫م‬‫دة‬   ‫رى‬
‫وى‬َ  ‫وون‬َ ‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫ى‬‫ادام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ وا‬ ١٩    ( Max.Size of Aggregate ) ‫و‬‫ر‬
‫ر‬ ‫ادى‬ ‫ وة‬(٥-٠)  ‫ وة‬(١٢-٥) () ‫وك وا‬ ‫ط‬ ، (١٩-١٢) ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬   
 ‫ وة‬.( ‫رة‬‫ارةوة د‬ ‫روةك‬ SORB-R9/2B ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬Grade 40-70)  ‫رى‬‫و وة‬
‫ؤذةى‬  ‫وة‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬  ٢٠٠٨/١٢/١ ‫روارى‬  ‫اوة‬ (Job-Mix. Formula)   ‫وى‬َ
. ٦٠  ‫وةى‬‫دم‬‫ذةم‬‫م‬
TABLE R9/2B
REQUIREMENTS FOR PENETRATION-GRADED ASPHALT CEMENT
Penetration Grade of Asphalt
Property
40/50 50/60 60/70
1. Penetration at 25 oC, 100gm, 5sec (1/10mm) 40-50 50-60 60-70
o
2. Ductility at 25 C, 5cm/min, (cm) >100 >100 >100
o
3. Flash point, C >232 >232 >232
4. Solubility in trichloroethylene, % >99 >99 >99
5. Residue from thin-film oven test
- Retained penetration, % of original >55 >53 >52
- Ductility at 25 oC, 5 cm/min (cm) >25 >40 >50
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
.‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬ :  ‫ى‬‫ط‬

.‫ن‬  ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬
(Aggregate ‫ط‬) ‫رد‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬
  ‫ى‬‫ادام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ ط‬‫َ وا‬‫ دة‬‫ةط‬‫ى وةر‬‫وم‬  َ‫دة‬
‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وة‬‫رام‬ ‫ى‬  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬ َ‫ر دا‬  َ ‫َ دوور‬‫ وة دة‬َ‫اوة دةر‬‫دة‬ ‫ن‬
: ‫رة‬ ‫م‬ ‫رد‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬. ( AASHTO T 2-78 & ASTM D75 ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ َ َ ( Segregation)
(Crusher Plant) ‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬) َ (Crusher Plant)  ‫ وا‬َ‫و‬ ‫ردى‬   ‫وم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ -١
‫ورة‬‫ردى ط‬ ‫م‬‫م‬    (‫رة‬ ‫م‬‫م‬)  ‫وى‬‫م‬ َ‫ردة‬َ ‫ن‬‫م‬ ‫وى‬‫م‬ ‫ دوو‬ ‫وا‬ 
َ ‫ن و‬‫م‬     (‫رة‬ ‫م‬‫م‬) ‫وى دووة‬‫م‬ َ‫ن دة‬  ‫وك‬ ‫ردى‬  (Border)
‫ادى‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬ ، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬ ‫( وا‬Crushed Aggregate)‫م‬‫رة‬  ‫دم‬
. (‫ر‬
(‫رة‬ ‫م‬‫م‬)  ‫وى‬‫م‬
(‫م‬‫رة‬  ‫دم‬ َ ‫ن و‬‫م‬) ‫وى دووة‬‫م‬

‫وة‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ ط‬ ‫وا وا‬ (Crusher Plant) ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬  ‫رةت‬
(٢٠-١٥) ‫ى‬‫و م‬ ‫ر‬ ‫م‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫ش راط‬ َ ‫م‬‫رة‬  َ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬  َ‫وةر‬
( ‫ دووة‬ ‫ى‬)َ‫ت وةر‬  ‫ام‬‫ دة‬‫ر م‬‫ط‬.َ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬ َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
َ ‫م‬‫رة‬  َ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬  َ ‫ن‬‫وة‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ادة‬ ‫وةى‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ َ‫**دة‬
‫ن‬‫ادة‬ َ‫ر دا‬  َ ‫َ دوور‬‫ دة‬‫ةط‬‫ى وةر‬‫وم‬  َ‫ت دة‬‫ن ط‬‫ت وةر‬   ‫وم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ -٢
‫ك‬ ‫وةرا‬‫ م‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ ط‬َ.َ ( Segregation) ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وة‬‫رام‬ ‫ى‬ 
‫ى‬‫و م‬ ‫ر‬ ،‫وةرا‬‫ةى م‬َ‫ار‬  َ ‫م‬ ‫رةوةو وةرط‬  ‫دم‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ وة‬َ‫وةر‬
.َ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬ َ (٢٠-١٥)
  (١٩-١٢)‫ط‬ ‫* وةرط‬
‫رةوة‬  ‫دم‬ ‫ش‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬ (١٢-٥)‫ط‬ ‫* وةرط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
(‫ت‬)‫ن‬‫ادة‬ ‫وةى‬‫ام‬‫ةى ط‬َ ‫ را‬ ‫رةت‬

 ‫دا‬َ‫ و‬(A) ‫ةى‬َ  َ‫ر دة‬ َ 
‫ردةى‬‫ د‬‫و‬ (B) ‫ى‬َ‫رة و‬‫روةك د‬ .َ‫و‬‫ردة‬‫د‬
‫ن‬‫ورة‬‫ة ط‬ ‫ط‬ ‫و‬ ‫وة وا‬(Segregation)
.‫وة‬ ‫ارةوة‬
 ‫وا وا‬ َ‫ن دةردة‬‫ادة‬ ‫ دةر‬‫ ز‬  ‫وى‬َ  ‫وم‬ ‫رى وةرط‬   -٣
 ‫وى‬َ ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫اوة‬َ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ادة‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬ ‫(وا‬Hot Bins) 
‫ن‬‫رة‬  َ ‫وة‬.‫وة‬‫اوة‬ ‫ ( روون‬١ ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬َ‫)و‬َ‫و‬  ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫م‬ َ  َ‫وةر‬
. ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬‫ درو‬ ‫اردووة‬
Hot Bins َ‫ن دة‬ (Dryer) ‫ن‬‫ادة‬ ‫م‬‫و‬ َ Hot Bins
Hot Bins
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫م‬ َ  ‫رن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫ادة‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬ ‫(وا‬Cold Bins)   ‫وم‬ ‫ن وةرط‬ -٤
‫وة‬‫اوة‬ ‫ ( روون‬١ ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬َ‫ )و‬َ‫و‬ 
Cold Bins
( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬
 ‫ن م‬  ‫ و‬‫رى رة‬ ‫ةى‬َ ‫ام‬‫(دة‬AASHTO T-40) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬
َ  ‫وى‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬َ  ‫ن‬ ‫رط‬  ‫دن‬ ‫ن‬ َ  ‫ن‬ َ ‫م‬َ‫ر‬ َ  ‫ ض‬ ‫وةر‬
.َ ‫م‬ ‫ وا‬َ ‫ك‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫م‬ ‫ ط‬َ‫ر‬
‫رط‬  ‫دن‬ ‫ن‬ َ   ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬
 ‫وى‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬َ  ‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬
‫رط‬   ‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ن‬َ  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬   ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬: ‫ى دووة‬‫ط‬

.َ
: ‫ط‬  ‫ت‬ ‫م‬  
‫ر‬  (Reducing Field Sample Of Aggregate To Test)  ‫ن‬‫اوة‬‫وةرط‬‫وم‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬ .a
.(ASTM C702&D5) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) 
(‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (Sieve Analysis(Graduation)) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.b
.‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ َ.(AASHTO T – 27 & ASTM C136-84a) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬
(‫ر‬،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.c
AASHTO T – 85-81&ASTM C127-88(Coarse&Medium) with AASHTO T – 85-81&ASTM C 128-88(Fine ) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬
.‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ َ (Aggregate)
:  ‫ت‬ ‫م‬  

.(AASHTO T49 - 80 / ASTM D5 - 73) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Penetration test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.١
.(AASHTO T–51-80 / ASTM D113 - 76) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Ductility test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٢
.(ASTM D-3461) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Softening Point test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٣
.(ASTM D 2041 AASHTO T-228) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Specific Gravity test of Bitumen)‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٤
.(ASTM D 1559-76,AASHTO T– 245-78and Asphalt Institute MS-2) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Marshall Test) ‫دم‬ .٥
/َ
‫م‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫وى‬َ  َ ‫ن‬َ  ‫وة‬‫دؤ‬  ‫م‬ ‫و‬ ‫م‬  ‫رةوة‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
‫رى‬ َ‫رى دة‬ ‫ى‬‫ادام‬ ‫و‬   َ ‫ن‬‫واو‬ ‫رى‬‫وةى زام‬   ‫ن‬‫وم‬  َ‫ دة‬  َ
: ‫وام‬ ‫ا دا‬‫دم‬‫و‬
.(AASHTO T– 96) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) ‫ر‬  ‫م‬ (Los-Angeles Test) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-١
AASHTO T – 104-86 & ) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، )  ‫ر‬  ‫م‬ (Soundness) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٢
.(ASTM C88
.(BS.812) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫م‬ (Flakiness and Elongated Index) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٣
‫ةى‬‫ط‬ ( ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (Total Chloride Determination) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٤
.(BS.(NACL) 812) ‫ا‬
.(BS 812) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ ( ، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (Total Sulfate Determination) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٥
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ا‬ ‫وى‬َ  َ ‫ن‬َ  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬   ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬‫م‬ ‫وةو‬‫دم‬ 
.‫دا‬
 (Reducing Field Sample Of Aggregate To Test)  ‫ن‬‫اوة‬‫وةرط‬‫وم‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬ -١
.(ASTM C702&D5) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ ( ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬
ASTM C702 & ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ (‫ر‬ ،  ،  -‫وك‬ ‫ط‬،‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) ‫م‬‫ادة‬ ‫ ط‬‫ش وةرط‬
‫رووى‬ َ ‫م‬ ‫وم‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ط‬ ‫وة‬ ‫وك‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ش‬‫ار‬ ‫دم‬ ‫دارى‬ ‫ى‬ َ‫ دة‬D75
‫ش دواى‬‫ار‬ ‫دم‬  ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬)‫رى دة‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ Splitters(Riffle Box)‫ى‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ى‬َ
.(‫ر‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ دوو‬‫وةرط‬
(‫ش‬‫ار‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬) ‫ى دة‬ Splitters (Riffle Box)
(  ‫ر‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ دوو‬‫)وةرط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Riffle Box ‫ى‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬ ‫دارى‬

(‫ر‬،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (Sieve Analysis (Graduation)) ‫رج‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٢
‫ دوو‬َ ‫ةدا‬َ) .‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ َ.(AASHTO T – 27 & ASTM C136-84a) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬
(‫وة‬‫ن وةرط‬‫وم‬
.‫دن‬ َ ‫ى‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬‫وم‬ ‫ش‬‫ةى دا‬َ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬:    
‫ورة‬‫د ط‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫روةك‬)‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ةى‬ ‫ورة‬‫ر ط‬ ‫ردة‬ ‫ش‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
.  ‫رى دة‬‫ د‬‫وم‬ َ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ (١٩   ‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ةى‬
()‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ةى‬ ‫ورة‬‫ط‬ ()‫وم‬ َ
4.75 0.5
9.5 1
12.5 2
19 5
22 7.5
25 10
37.5 15
١٠٥ ‫ى‬‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) ‫رة‬ ‫م‬،(َ ‫ ط‬٠,٥ ‫ى‬‫ )د‬‫رازوو‬ ‫وم‬)َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
 ‫ت‬ ‫م‬َ ‫وم‬،(‫ى دة‬ ‫ن‬) ‫ن‬َ ‫م‬‫ذام‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫دة‬،(‫س‬
.‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬ َ (Splitters )‫ر‬‫ل دا‬‫ط‬ ( ، ‫وك‬،‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)‫ط‬
:َ‫ارةوة دة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  ‫دن‬ ‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬ 
‫ش‬ ‫ار‬ ‫دم‬ ‫دارى‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ و‬ ‫(و‬١٢-٥ mm‫ط‬)‫ (و‬١٢-١٩ mm‫ط‬)  ‫رج‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬
‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ دوو‬‫ وةرط‬
(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ار‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬
 (Total moisture content =0)‫و وا‬  ‫ط‬ ‫ى‬‫ رو‬ ‫وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ وو‬ ‫م‬ ‫ةدا دة‬َ:
‫ر ا‬ ‫رج‬ ‫ وا‬‫ؤز‬ ‫رج‬  ‫وة‬َ ‫ وو‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫وا دة‬ ‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫ ر‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬‫ ز‬
.‫ى دة‬ ‫ى‬Dry
‫ﻓﯿﻠﺔر‬
 ‫دةى دة‬‫ر‬ ‫ و‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ل دوو‬‫ط‬ (١٢-١٩mm‫ط‬)  ‫وم‬ ‫(وة دوو‬١٢-٥ mm‫ط‬) ‫وم‬ ‫دوو‬
‫وةى‬ ‫م‬َ ‫دن وة‬ َ  ‫ دة‬‫ن دة‬ ‫ دة‬‫وم‬ َ ‫رة‬ ‫رج‬  ‫ دة‬‫ن دة‬
(Table-2a,Table-2b,Table-2c&Table-2d) ‫رج‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ي‬).‫ردة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا وة‬َ ‫ر‬  ‫ن‬َ
. ‫وة‬‫رة دة‬‫ر دوو‬ ‫ و‬ ‫وك و‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ورة و‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬  ‫ر‬ ‫رة‬ .
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ى دة‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫ دووة‬َ‫ذ‬‫ دة‬‫وةى دة دة‬  ‫رة‬ ‫ةى‬َ ‫ن‬َ ‫دن‬ َ ‫دارى‬   َ‫دوو ر‬
َ   ‫م‬‫و دةم‬ َ‫ وة دة‬َ‫ذ‬ ‫وةى دوو دة‬ َ ‫ر‬  َ‫وة وةدة‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫رة‬  َ 
. ‫وة‬َ ‫ن‬‫وة‬   ‫اردووة‬ ‫ى‬‫ن ط‬َ
‫وةى دة دة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫دن‬ َ ‫ن‬
(١٢-١٩ mm‫ط‬) ‫ (وة‬١٢-٥ mm‫ط‬) ‫ك‬‫ر‬  ‫ن‬‫م‬َ  ‫وة‬ ‫م‬َ ‫دن و‬ ‫م‬َ ‫ن و‬َ ‫دارى‬
. ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ددةى‬ ‫و‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
. ‫رة‬‫ د‬  ‫روةك‬ ‫ن وةردةط‬‫وم‬ ‫ردوو‬ ( Accumulative Passing)   ‫وم‬ ‫ردوو‬ ‫دم‬ َ ‫ش‬
Table-2a COARSE AGGREGATE (12-19) Graduation
SIEVE ANALYSIS (AASHTO T - 27)
Type of material COARSE AGGREGATE (12 - 19) A&B
Sample No: BITUMINOUS WEARING COURSE
Source of materials: HOT BINS
Oven Dry Weight of Sample No.A = 3869.00 grams
Oven Dry Weight of Sample No.B = 3969.00 grams
Sample No.A Sample No.B
Sieve W. Cum W. Cum Av.Cum
Size Retained Retained Passing Retained Retained Passing Passing
in. mm. grams (Percent) (Percent) grams (Percent) (Percent) (Percent)
3/4 19.000 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 100.00
1/2 12.500 2785.68 72.00 28.00 2698.92 68.00 32.00 30.00
3/8 9.500 3833.02 99.07 0.93 3926.53 98.93 1.07 1.00
No. 4 4.750 3869.00 100.00 0.00 3969.00 100.00 0.00 0.00
No. 8 2.360
Total 3869.00 3969.00
Table-2b MEDUIM AGGREGATE (5-12) Graduation
Type of material COARSE AGGREGATE (5 - 12) A&B
3/4 19.000 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 100
1/2 12.500 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 100
3/8 9.500 465.00 20.90 79.10 518.16 17.10 82.90 81
No. 4 4.750 1895.00 85.17 14.83 2630.99 86.83 13.17 14
No. 8 2.360 2201.00 98.92 1.08 3002.08 99.08 0.92 1
No. 50 0.300
Total 2225.00 3030.00
Table-2c Natural Sand (0---5) mm Graduation
Type of material FINE AGGREGATE (0 - 5) A&B
No. 4 4.750 50.00 3.26 96.74 40.42 2.74 97.26 97
No. 8 2.360 590.00 38.49 61.51 553.70 37.51 62.49 62
No. 50 0.300 1290.00 84.15 15.85 1237.65 83.85 16.15 16
No. 200 0.075 1410.00 91.98 8.02 1358.27 92.02 7.98 8
Total 1533.00 1476.00
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Table-2d Filler Graduation

Type of material FILLER A&B
Source of
materials: HOT BINS
No. 4 4.750 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 100
No. 8 2.360 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 100
No. 50 0.300 30.00 2.86 97.14 12.80 1.14 98.86 98
No. 200 0.075 215.00 20.48 79.52 218.67 19.52 80.48 80
Total 1050.00 1120.00
‫ام‬َ ‫وة و‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬ َ ‫ى‬‫ط‬  ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫رة‬ ‫ ط‬ ‫و‬‫واو‬ ‫دن‬ َ ‫رى‬ َ
‫ةى‬َ‫ ط‬ (Blending Proportioning) ‫دم‬ ‫ن و‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬  ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫رة‬ ‫ ط‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬
.AASHTO T – 30
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
(‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٣
AASHTO T – 85-81&ASTM C127-88(Coarse&Medium) with AASHTO T – 85-81&ASTM C 128-) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬
.‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ َ (88(Fine Aggregate)
: َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ ز‬
A X B C
.‫ون‬َ‫م‬‫ر‬ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫م‬   ‫ن دةر‬ (A.B&C) ‫م‬ /َ

.((º‫ س‬١٠٥)‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬‫دم‬ ‫ وو‬ ‫ش‬) ‫ام‬َ ‫ى‬‫ ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬‫رة وا‬  A
.‫اوة‬ ‫ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬ ‫روو‬ () ‫ون‬َ ‫رى‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬‫رة وا‬  B
(‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬  ‫ن‬‫دام‬ ‫ش‬) ‫ رو‬ ‫وةوة‬‫ رووى دةرةوةوم‬‫وم‬َ ‫ وا‬‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫رةى دةم‬  C
.‫ر‬ َ َ‫ وةر‬‫ط‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ َ ‫رة وا‬  X
Calculations:-
1-Specific Gravity:-
a. Bulk specific gravity: - Calculate the bulk specific gravity as follow:
Bulk Specific Gravity = A / (B-C)
Where:
A=Weight of oven-dry test sample in air, (gm).
B= Weight of S.S.D. sample in air, (gm).
C=Weight of saturated sample in water, (gm).
b- Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) = B / (B-C)

C-Apparent Specific gravity: - Calculate the apparent sp. gr. As follows:
Apparent Specific Gravity = A / (A - C)
2- Absorption:-
Calculate the percentage of absorption as follows:
Absorption% = [(B – A) / A] x100
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫(و‬١٢-١٩ mm‫ط‬) ‫ ( و‬١٢-٥ mm‫ط‬)(BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY ON SSD BASIS) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬
‫ وةرط‬ ‫ا‬َ ‫ن‬‫ذة‬ َ ‫روةك‬ (Quartering(Splitters)) ‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ار‬ ‫دم‬ ‫دارى‬ ‫رة‬
‫ن‬‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ ‫دوو‬
(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬
(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ار‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬
. ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫ دام‬  ‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫وةى‬  ‫ دة‬‫دة‬
  َ‫ وةرط‬َ‫( دة‬seive no.200) ‫ى‬‫وة‬  ‫وةى‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫وةى‬
‫و‬  َ‫ا‬ ‫َ م‬‫ت ودة‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫دام‬
‫ وو‬‫رؤ‬   ‫ىَ دةدة‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ت‬٢٤ ‫ش‬ (١٩-١٢ ‫ط‬) ‫ و‬(١٢-٥ ‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬
 (saturated surface dry sample(B) ‫ وا‬َ ‫وىَ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬‫م‬‫دة‬‫وة)وا‬َ‫ دة‬‫روودةرةوةى وو‬
‫ رووى‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ زام‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ن دة‬ Mass of saturated surface dry sample(B) َ‫ دة‬َ‫دة‬
‫ رووى‬ ‫وةى‬‫و‬ َ +‫دووة‬ ‫ رووى دةرةوة ا‬ ‫وةى‬‫و‬ َ ‫ة)وا‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫وةوةى دةم‬‫دةرةوةو م‬
(Table 3)‫ى‬ ‫ى‬.Mass of saturated surface dry sample in water(C)‫ة وا‬‫م‬(‫دووة‬ ‫وةوةى ا‬‫م‬
.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ وو‬‫ وو‬‫رؤ‬   ‫ىَ دةدة‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫ش‬
(‫رة رووى دةرةوة وو‬  ‫)وا‬َ‫دة‬
‫و دة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬   َ

َ‫ودة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬  َ ‫رة‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ة‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫وةوةى دةم‬‫ رووى دةرةوةو م‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ زام‬
‫ دة‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫وى دة‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ا دة‬ ‫وا رووى دةرةوةى وو‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬
‫وةوةى‬‫ رووى دةرةوةو م‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ َ َ‫ش دة‬(  َ  ‫و‬   ‫ و‬‫وم‬ َ ‫دم‬‫ش دةر‬)
‫ةى‬َ . Mass of saturated surface dry sample in water(C) ‫وة وا‬‫دووة دةدؤز‬ ‫ن ا‬‫دةم‬
:‫ارةوة‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫و دة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫وم‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬  َ ‫ا‬ ‫ رووى وو‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬
 ‫و‬‫ م‬‫دة‬
‫و‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫ط‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ردوو‬  ‫وة‬‫رة دة‬‫ دوو‬‫ط‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ردوو‬   
.Mass of oven dry sample in air(A)‫ وا‬َ‫ دة‬‫ وو‬ ‫وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ و‬‫ط‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫وات‬ ‫ى‬‫ر‬
. (Table 3)‫ى‬ ‫ى‬
‫ط‬  ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫دة‬
َ‫دة‬
. ‫وة‬َ‫رة دة‬‫ دوو‬‫ط‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬  ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ة‬َ    (BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY ON SSD BASIS) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫رةت‬ **
َ‫وةى وةردةط‬ ‫ش‬ ( Pycnometer ‫رةى‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬) ‫ن‬ ١ ‫ى‬ ‫وةرط‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
.‫دووة‬‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ َ (Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬
١٠٥ ‫ى‬‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) ‫رة‬ ‫م‬،(َ ‫ ط‬٠,١ ‫ى‬‫ )د‬‫رازوو‬ ‫وم‬)َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
.‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬ َ (Splitters )‫ر‬‫ل دا‬‫ط‬ Pycnometer‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫دة‬،(‫س‬
‫و‬‫ م‬‫و‬‫ت م‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫ دا‬  ‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫وةى‬   ‫رة‬  ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫ش‬)
 َ ‫م‬ ‫ دةدة‬No.4   ‫وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬   ‫ىَ دةدة‬ ‫وة‬  ‫د‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬
‫ رووى‬‫ام‬ ‫ام‬‫ةدا دة‬َ(surface saturated sand dry(B) ‫وىَ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬‫م‬‫دة‬‫و )وا‬‫ درا‬No.4  ‫ر‬
‫ةط‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ا‬َ  ‫ك‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫دام‬ ‫و‬)‫ن م‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ وو‬ ‫م‬‫دةرةوةى دةم‬
‫واو رووى‬ ‫ى وا‬‫م‬  ‫ردا‬ ‫ى‬   ‫ى‬  ‫ن‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫م‬ ‫دة‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
(‫ة‬) َ‫َ ى دة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬‫ م‬  ‫ارةوة(وة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  ‫وة‬ ‫دةرةوةى وو‬
َ‫ دةدر‬No.4  ‫وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ وو‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ى‬ ‫ر م‬‫ط‬ ‫ن م‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ رووى دةرةوة وو‬ َ‫رى‬‫ دةزام‬‫دة‬
‫ا‬َ ‫وة‬‫دة‬ ‫ك‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬
‫ م‬َ‫ر‬‫ام‬‫ رووى دةرةوة دة‬‫وم‬ ‫ وو‬‫ زام‬ ‫م‬  
‫و‬‫ م‬‫ن دة‬ surface saturated sand dry(B) ‫ا‬ ‫وا رووى دةرةوةى وو‬ َ‫ دة‬ ‫وم‬ ‫ن‬
َ ‫وى‬( ‫ن‬  َ‫و دة‬  Pycnometerَ ‫ و‬  Pycnometerَ ‫ةدا‬) Pycnometer
‫و‬‫واى م‬ ‫و‬ ‫ وة‬َ‫و دة‬ َ  ‫م‬‫ودةم‬ ‫واوى‬  ‫وة‬ ‫ و‬‫ وور‬ َ‫ةوة‬‫ را‬ ‫دة‬
٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ وو‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ دة‬ ‫ك‬‫وة‬  ‫م‬‫ دام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ دةرةوة‬َ‫ د‬Pycnometer
. َ‫ن دة‬ (‫ان‬   ‫وةى دوور‬  ‫وات‬ ‫ى‬‫ ر‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫ى‬ َ َ‫ )دة‬‫ط‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ت‬
(Table 3) ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
  Pycnometerَ ‫ا‬‫ رووى وو‬ َ‫ دة‬
Pycnometer ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬
 ‫ل‬‫ط‬ Pycnometerَ
‫ى‬‫ وور‬ َ‫ةوة‬‫ را‬ ‫َ دة‬ ‫وى‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫رى‬ ‫وم‬  َ ‫ دوور‬‫وة‬ ‫وةك‬  ‫ن‬‫دام‬
‫وة‬‫دم‬ ‫ وو‬ َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ رؤدة‬ َ‫دة‬
‫ط‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ وو‬
َ‫دة‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
َ‫و دة‬ Pycnometerَ ‫ و‬  Pycnometerَ

(Table 3)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY &WATER ABSORBTION TEST
Ref.No. : Date : 12/1/2005
Place : HOT BINS
Class of Sample : WEARING COARSE Place of Sample :
MATERIAL 0-5 5-12 12-19
Dara/Dry Sample+Tare A 419.7 392.4
Tare B 142.3 159.9
Dry Sample W1=A-B 277.4 232.5 1863 1863 2355 2355
SSDS+Tare C 482.5 438.5
Tare D 201.5 202.2
SSDS W2=C-D 281.0 236.3 1876 1876 2373 2373
DETERMINATION OF FINE AGGREGATE VOLUME , cm³
Volume Flash+Sample+Water W3 901.0 873.5
Volume Flash+Water W4 725.5 725.5
Volume S.S.D V1= W2+W4-W3 105.5 88.3
V2 = W1+W4-
Volume Dry W3 101.9 84.5
DETERMINATION OF COARSE AGGREGATE VOLUME , cm³
Sample+Basket (in water) E
Basket (in water) F
Sample Wt in Water W3 = E-F 1178 1178 1486 1486
Volume S.S.D V1 = W2 - W3 698 698 887 887
Volume Dry V2 = W1-W3 685 685 869 869
SPECIFIC GRAVITIES, g/cm³
W1/V1 2.629 2.633 2.669 2.669 2.655 2.655
Dry Specific Gravity
Average 2.631 2.669 2.655
W2/V1 2.664 2.676 2.688 2.688 2.675 2.675
S.S.D Specific Gravity
Average 2.670 2.688 2.675
W1/V2 2.722 2.751 2.720 2.720 2.710 2.710
Appearent Specific Gravity
Average 2.737 2.720 2.710
ABSORBTION %
100*(W2-
Absorbtion % W1/W1) 1.30 1.63 0.70 0.70 0.76 0.76
Average 1.47 0.7 0.76
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
:  ‫ت‬ ‫م‬
‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Sampling Bituminous Materials)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬ .١

.(AASHTO T40)
‫رى رة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ رة‬‫ن م‬  ‫رى‬ ‫ةى‬َ  ‫ وةرط‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ام‬‫ دة‬‫ا‬  ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬
‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬ َ‫ دة‬. َ ‫وةى‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬َ‫ر‬ َ ‫ن‬ ‫رط‬  َ  ‫ ض‬
)  ‫م‬ ‫ط‬ َ‫ دة‬‫ وا‬َ‫ دةر‬ ‫ى را‬‫وم‬ َ‫ دة‬‫ى وةرى دةط‬
‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬ َ‫وةدة‬.   ١ ‫ى‬ ‫وة وةرط‬.َ‫ارةوة ( وةر‬ ، ‫وةم‬‫ م‬، ‫رةوة‬
.‫او‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫زو ط‬  َ‫ دوور‬‫وة‬ َ‫ دا‬‫وم‬ َ‫ دة‬
‫ك‬‫ دةرة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫م‬  ‫ دة‬‫وة دة‬‫ر‬  ( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ش وةرط‬
‫واوى‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫ث(ى‬)‫ى‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دةدة‬َ‫ وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ ط‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬
‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وم‬ ‫او وة‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫ر ط‬  َ ‫ دوور‬‫وة‬ ‫ دةدة‬َ
‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ  ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬ . (Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ 60)  َ‫ م‬‫ز‬
.  ‫ت‬ ‫م‬ 
‫وة‬‫ر‬  ( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ ز‬‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ (‫ث‬)‫ى‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دةدة‬َ‫ وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ك ط‬‫ دةرة‬
(Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ 60) َ‫م‬
.(AASHTO T49 - 80 / ASTM 5 - 73) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Penetration test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬ .٢
َ ‫رى‬ ‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫وة‬‫ر‬‫ و م‬‫رووى رة‬  ‫وا‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬:    
.‫ا‬‫دم‬‫و‬ ‫رى‬
. ‫م‬ ‫ ط‬  ١ ‫ وةرط‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
‫وةى‬  َ ‫ ط‬١٠٠‫ى‬‫ر‬‫دةرزى و‬) (Penetration) ‫ى‬َ ‫وم‬)َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
 ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫دة‬،( ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬) ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬،(َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬  ٥
.َ ( ‫س‬º ٢٥  َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ) ‫وى‬
 ‫ى‬‫دة‬ ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬ (Penetration) ‫ى‬َ
‫وى‬ 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ر‬‫ك ط‬‫ دةرة‬ ‫رة‬ (Penetration) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬ ‫ دة‬‫وة دة‬‫ر‬  ( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ش وةرط‬
‫وا‬ ‫وم‬ ‫او وة‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫ر ط‬  َ ‫ث( و وة دوور‬)‫ى‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دةدة‬َ‫ وة‬َ‫دة‬
‫ن‬‫ذة‬   ‫روةك‬(Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ ٦٠) َ‫ م‬‫ ز‬‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬
‫دم‬‫ دةر‬  ‫ رووى دةرةوةى‬‫ام‬َ  ‫ )وة‬  ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ  ‫ دة‬‫دة‬.‫دووة‬َ
‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬‫وم‬ .‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ َ  َ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬  ‫و‬‫ م‬‫وا‬
. َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ َ‫وى ( دة‬ )‫و‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ َ  َ‫ م‬  ( ‫وى‬ )
٢٥ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫رى‬‫ط‬َ‫ر‬ ‫وة‬(َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ ‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) ‫و‬  ‫او‬ َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫وم‬ ‫ن‬
.(Penetration) ‫ى‬َ  َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬  ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬
‫ دةرزى‬َ ‫ وة‬‫وم‬ ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ل رووى‬‫ط‬ َ ‫س‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬  (Penetration) ‫ى‬َ ‫ دةرزى‬َ‫دة‬
َ ‫ ز‬َ‫ دة‬ ‫وى‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬   َ ‫ان‬َ‫وةى م‬ ‫ و وة‬ ‫ل رووى دةرةوةى‬‫ط‬ َ‫م‬  َ‫م‬
.‫ك‬‫وم‬‫ر‬  ‫وة‬‫م‬ َ  َ‫ م‬  ‫ردة‬ ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬ .َ‫م‬ 
  ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ
 ‫و‬‫ م‬‫وا‬ ‫دم‬‫ دةر‬  ‫ رووى دةرةوةى‬‫ام‬َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ َ  َ‫م‬‫وا‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬ َ˚٢٥ ( ‫وى‬ )‫و‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬
( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬‫وم‬
‫ و ةدا‬َ  َ‫ م‬  ( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬
 (َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ ‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) ‫وة‬ ‫رزى‬   ‫و‬  ‫او‬ َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫وم‬ ‫ن‬
(Penetration) ‫ى‬َ ‫ر‬ َ‫ةم‬‫دا‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وة‬‫ردةدة‬  ٥ ‫وةى‬ ‫ط‬١٠٠ َ  ‫ دةرزى‬‫وم‬ ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ل رووى‬‫ط‬ ‫س دة‬ ‫دةرز‬
‫ردة‬ penetration ‫وةى‬‫م‬َ 

 َ ‫ ط‬١٠٠‫ى‬‫ر‬‫ دةرزى و‬َ َ‫ )دة‬‫وام‬   َ ‫و‬‫ر‬ َ‫ دة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ زؤر‬ / َ
 ‫او‬َ‫ذة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ت‬‫ دة‬َ‫ وا‬( ‫وم‬  ‫و‬ ‫ورةى و‬‫ و ط‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬  ٥ ‫وةى‬
.‫وة‬‫دؤ‬  ‫ن‬ ‫رت‬ ‫ة‬َ  َ ‫م‬
‫رى‬ ‫وةو‬‫م‬َ 
PENETRATION TEST ( AASHTO T49 - 80 / ASTM 5 - 73
Type of material BITUMIN
Source of material Storage Tank
READING
SAMPLE 1
TRIAL 1 55
TRIAL 2 52
TRIAL 3 52
TRIAL 4 53
TRIAL 5 54
AVERAGE 53
SAMPLE 2
TRIAL 1 51
TRIAL 2 55
TRIAL 3 53
TRIAL 4 52
TRIAL 5 56
AVERAGE 54
BITUMEN TYPE 50 - 60
REMARKS
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٣٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ن‬‫ذة‬ َ ‫روةك‬).َ‫ارةوة ز‬ ‫ى‬  َ‫وة م‬‫م‬َ ‫ و م‬‫رز‬ ‫ان‬َ‫ م‬ ‫وازى‬ َ‫دة‬/ َ
.َ  ٤ َ‫وازى دة‬ ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬  ‫َ ى‬  . (٧٠-٤٠) ‫ان‬َ‫م‬ Grade of Bitumen ‫دووة‬َ
.
.(AASHTO T – 51-80&ASTM D113-76) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Ductility test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬-٣
َ ‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫وة‬‫ر‬‫رووى م‬  ‫م‬ ‫ن و‬َ‫ى را‬‫ام‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬:    
.َFlexibility ‫ى‬‫ام‬ ‫ا‬
.‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
‫م‬َ‫ را‬‫ا‬َ َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬ َ‫ر‬) (Ductility)  ‫ى‬َ ‫وم‬):َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
 ،( ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬) ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬،(‫ك‬‫وةى دة‬  َ ٥  ‫ى‬‫وم‬
َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ) ‫وى‬  ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫دن و‬ ‫ةى را‬، (Ductility) 
.َ ( ‫س‬º ٢٥ 
(Ductility)   (Ductility) ‫ى‬َ ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬
‫وى‬ 
‫ن‬ َ ‫روةك‬ .‫ن‬ ‫وةى‬‫دم‬  ‫دم‬‫م‬ ‫وة‬ ‫وردة‬ ‫ زة‬‫ رؤم‬   (Ductility) ‫م‬
َ‫ وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ك ط‬‫ دةرة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫و‬‫ن ط‬‫وة وةر‬‫ر‬  ( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬  ‫د‬
َ‫ر‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وم‬ ‫او وة‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫ر ط‬  َ ‫(و وة دوور‬Ductility)  ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫دةدة‬
‫ن‬‫ذة‬   ‫روةك‬ (Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ ٦٠) َ‫ م‬‫ ز‬‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ى ط‬
 ‫ رووى دةرةوةى‬‫ام‬َ  ‫( )وة‬Ductility)  ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ  ‫ دة‬‫دة‬.‫دووة‬َ
‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬ ‫ة‬   ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ رووى‬‫دم‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫وا‬ ‫دم‬‫ دةر‬ (Ductility)
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
َ‫ م‬ َ‫ م‬  ( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬‫وم‬ .‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ َ‫ م‬ َ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬
 ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ م‬‫وم‬‫واو‬ ‫ش‬. َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ َ‫وى ( دة‬ )‫و‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬
(Ductility)  ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وةو‬‫ دة‬‫م‬ ‫ رووى‬‫م‬  َ‫وى دةردة‬
َ ٥  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫م‬َ‫ را‬‫ا‬َ َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬‫ة‬َ َ‫ر‬ .(َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ ‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬)
‫م‬َ‫ را‬‫وة‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ را‬ ‫ دة‬‫ردةوا‬‫وة‬. َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ ‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ك وةدة‬‫وةى دة‬ 
. ١٠٠  َ‫ م‬  ‫ردة‬ ‫ن‬‫وة‬‫م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬  ‫ و وة‬َ‫ا دة‬َ‫ر‬ ‫وم‬
‫وردة‬   (Ductility) ‫م‬
(Ductility) ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ
‫ة‬   ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ رووى‬‫دم‬ ‫ف‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ َ‫ م‬ َ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬
َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ َ‫وى ( دة‬ )‫و‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫دة‬
( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬‫وم‬
‫ و ةدا‬َ‫ م‬ َ‫م‬  ( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وة‬‫ن دة‬ ‫م‬ ‫رووى‬
َ‫رة دة‬‫دا د‬َ‫و‬ ‫روةك‬) ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬(َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ ‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) (Ductility)  ‫ى‬َ
( ‫س‬º ٢٥ َ‫ دة‬‫وة‬ َ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
(Ductility)  ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬
َ‫ا دة‬ََ‫ر‬  ‫وم‬ ‫م‬َ‫را‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
.(ASTM D3461) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Softening Point test) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٤
‫م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫دم‬‫د‬‫ز‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ر‬‫ون و م‬  ‫ل‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬:    
. َ‫رز‬ ‫ر‬‫ى‬  ‫ك‬‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ادة‬ ‫ ط‬‫ وا‬َ ‫ة‬َ‫ ز‬Softening Pointَ‫ر‬
.‫و‬َ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬) ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬، (Softening Point)  ‫ى‬َ ‫وم‬):َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
‫ى‬‫ راط‬،  ٩,٥ ‫ة‬  ‫ى‬‫ ط‬، (Softening Point)   ‫س‬ ‫ى‬ ،( ‫ى‬‫وم‬
. ‫دن‬ ‫ةى را‬ ،َ ‫ر‬‫ط‬، ‫ن‬ ‫ن و‬‫ ط‬  ‫س‬ ‫او‬‫درو‬
‫س‬ ‫ى‬ (Softening Point) ‫ى‬َ ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬
‫ن‬ ‫ن و‬‫ى ط‬

( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬  ‫د‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫روةك‬ .‫وردة‬ ‫ زة‬‫ رؤم‬   (Softening Point) ‫م‬
‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دةدة‬َ‫ وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ك ط‬‫ دةرة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫و‬‫ن ط‬‫وة وةر‬‫ر‬ 
‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وم‬ ‫او وة‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫ر ط‬  َ ‫( و وة دوور‬Softening Point) ‫م‬
 ‫ دة‬‫دة‬.‫دووة‬َ ‫ن‬‫ذة‬   ‫روةك‬ (Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ ٦٠) َ‫ م‬‫ ز‬‫دم‬
 ‫ة‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ رووى دةرةوةى‬‫دم‬ ‫ف‬ ‫( وة‬Softening Point) ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ
 ‫ة‬‫و راط‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫( دا‬  ‫او‬)‫ن‬‫وم‬ .‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دة‬١٥ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫دا‬
‫ دة‬‫ دة‬( ‫ س‬º ٥ ‫ة‬‫ودة‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬)‫ة‬‫و دة‬‫ م‬ ‫ن‬‫رى دة‬ ‫ دة‬ ‫ط‬
‫ة‬َ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫دا‬‫و‬ ‫ة‬‫وةى راط‬  ‫ر‬ َ‫و‬‫ن دة‬   ‫وة‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
(Softening Point)َ‫ دة‬‫وة‬‫م‬َ  ‫ وة‬‫ردة‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫وردة‬  (Softening Point) ‫م‬
(Softening Point) ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ
‫ة‬ (Softening Point) ‫م‬ ‫رةوةى‬ ‫ رووى‬‫دم‬ ‫ف‬
‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دة‬١٥ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
. ‫ س‬º ٥ ‫ة‬‫ودة‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫دة‬
‫ة‬‫و دة‬‫ م‬ ‫ن‬‫ دة‬‫ر‬ ‫ دة‬ ‫ ط‬ ‫ة‬‫و راط‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬
‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ ‫ دة‬‫دة‬
‫ ط‬َ ‫ى‬ ‫ة‬‫ راط‬ ‫ر‬ ‫و‬ ‫واوى‬ ‫رة‬‫دا د‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫وم‬  ‫رةدا رادةى‬ 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
.(AASHTO T-228) ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Specific Gravity test of Bitumen) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬-٥
Marshal stability ‫م‬َ‫و‬  َ ‫ن‬َ   ‫ى‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬:    
.‫ةدة‬َ  ‫دواى‬ ‫دن‬‫ر‬ َ  (Tack & Prime Coat) ‫ى‬ ‫دن‬ ‫رى‬‫د‬  ‫م‬‫وةط‬
.‫و‬َ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ : َ ‫ى‬ 
‫ر‬‫ط‬) ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬،(َ‫راو‬‫ى زام‬‫رة‬ ) (Pycnometer) ‫وم‬):َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
‫ى‬‫ )د‬‫رازوو‬ ‫وم‬ ، Pycnometer‫و‬‫م‬  ‫دم‬َ)‫رة‬،( ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬
.َ ( ‫س‬º ٢٥  َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫وة‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ) ‫وى‬  ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ،(َ ‫ ط‬٠,١
(َ ‫ ط‬٠,١ ‫ى‬‫ )د‬‫رازوو‬ ‫دن‬‫ر‬‫رى ط‬ (Pycnometer)
‫وى‬ 

‫ دةدة‬َ‫ وة‬َ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ك ط‬‫ دةرة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫د‬‫م‬َ ‫روةك‬ ‫وة‬‫ر‬  ( ‫ى‬)  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ش وةرط‬
‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وم‬ ‫او وة‬‫ا‬ ‫ردى‬‫ر ط‬  َ ‫ و وة دوور‬Pycnometer ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ر‬‫ام‬ ‫وة‬
َ ‫رة‬.‫دووة‬َ ‫ن‬‫ذة‬   ‫روةك‬ (Soften Point ‫رووى‬  ‫ة‬ ٦٠) َ‫ م‬‫ ز‬‫دم‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
 (‫ )رووى دةرةوةى دة‬َ‫ةوة‬‫ را‬ ) ‫و‬  Pycnometerَ ‫ و‬َ‫ دة‬  Pycnometer
‫وى‬  ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬ ‫وة‬ ‫رةوةى‬ ‫رووى‬ ‫ دةرةوة‬َ‫ د‬Pycnometer ‫و‬‫واى م‬ ‫و‬ ‫واوى‬  ‫وة‬ ‫ و‬‫وور‬
َ‫ دة‬ (‫وة‬‫ة‬‫ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬َ‫ن دةرى دة‬ َ ‫ س‬º ٢٥  ‫و‬‫وى م‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫وة‬
‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ  ‫ دة‬‫دة‬ ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫واوى وو‬  ‫ل دة‬ ‫ى‬‫وة‬ ‫ن‬
‫ى‬‫وم‬ .‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دة‬٤٠ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬ ‫ى رة‬(Pycnometer)
‫وى‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ م‬ َ‫ م‬  ( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫دووة( دا‬َ ‫ن‬ ‫ى‬)
‫ )رووى دةرةوةى‬َ‫ةوة‬‫ را‬ ‫َ دة‬ ‫وى‬‫ و‬َ‫ن دةرى دة‬ . َ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ٢٥ َ‫وى ( دة‬ )‫و‬‫م‬
 ‫ك‬‫وة‬  ‫م‬‫ دام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ دةرةوة‬َ‫ د‬Pycnometer ‫و‬‫واى م‬ ‫و‬ ‫واوى‬  ‫وة‬ ‫ و‬‫ وور‬ (‫دة‬
.‫وة‬‫اوة‬‫ارةوة رووم‬  ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ام‬‫ش دة‬ َ‫دة‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫و دة‬  Pycnometer   Pycnometerَ
‫وى‬  ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫وة‬  ‫ وور‬ (‫ )رووى دةرةوةى دة‬َ‫ةوة‬‫ را‬
‫وة‬‫ة‬‫ رووى دةرةوةى وو‬َ‫ دةرى دة‬ ‫ س‬º ٢٥ َ‫وى ( دة‬ ) ‫وى‬ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬
‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫واوى وو‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬ ‫و‬  Pycnometerَ

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ى رة‬(Pycnometer) ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬َ
( ‫وى‬ ) ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬‫وم‬ ‫وة‬َ‫رد‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ دة‬١٥ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ن‬‫دام‬
‫ وور‬ (‫ )رووى دةرةوةى دة‬َ‫ةوة‬‫را‬ ‫َ دة‬ ‫وى‬
(‫و‬‫وى م‬ + )  ‫م‬َ

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫رى و‬ 
BITUM SPECIFIC GRAVITY (25C)

AASHTO T-228 & ASTM D 2041
Sample Ref.No (Tank No) STORAGE TANK
Typeof material BITUMEN
Orginal Source of sample Beji Date 1,12,2007
Grade (penetration) 50--60
SAMPLE NO TEST-1
PYCNOMETRE+BITUMEN Wt.(gm) A 97.88
PYCNOMETRE Wt.(gm) B 36.86
BITUM SAMPLE W.t (gm) (A-B) W 61.02
PYCNOMETRE+WATER(gm) C 136.18
PYCNOMETRE+BITUMEN+WATER(gm) D 138
VOLUME (cc) (A-B)+(C-D) V 59.2
BITUMEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY(25C) W/V 1.031
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
. AASHTO T – 30 ‫ةى‬َ‫ ط‬ (Blending Proportioning) ‫دم‬ ‫ن و‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬ :  َ ‫ى‬‫ط‬
(Blending Proportioning) ‫دم‬ 
‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫ر‬  (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫( ى‬Sieve Analysis) ‫دم‬ َ ‫دارى‬ ‫ى دووة‬‫ط‬  ‫روةك‬
َ. ((Table-2a,Table-2b,Table-2c&Table-2d) ‫رج‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ي‬ ) ‫د‬ ‫ن‬ (‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬،
، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫وةى ر‬‫ دؤز‬‫( وا‬Blending Proportioning)‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬ ‫ دة‬‫دة‬
َ SORB R9/3 ‫ا‬ ‫ورى‬   َ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ر‬  ‫وة‬ ‫ن دة‬َ ‫ن‬‫ة‬َ‫ك ر‬‫ة‬َ  (‫ر‬ ، 
‫وم‬‫وا دة‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ن‬َ (‫ر‬ %5 ،  %44 ،  -‫وك‬ ‫ط‬ %42،‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬ %9 ‫ةى‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ َ)
:‫رة‬‫ارةوة د‬ ‫ى‬  ‫روةك‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫ودى‬ ‫و‬‫م‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ورى‬ ‫وم‬‫واوى دة‬ (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫وا ر‬  ‫ارةوة‬ ‫رى‬َ ‫ةى‬َ  ‫رةوة‬ ‫م‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
. ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬‫ درو‬  ‫ دة‬‫ام‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫وا‬. SORB R9/3 ‫ا‬
ASPHALT GRADATION
sieve mm
100 0.075 0.425 2 4.75 9.5 19
90
80
%
70
p
60
a
s 50
s
i
40
n
30
g
20
10
0
combined gradation min max
‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫دم‬  ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬ 

‫ر‬  ‫وة‬‫ن دؤز‬ (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬َ ‫روةك‬ ‫م‬ ‫ دا‬‫رى و‬ ‫ن‬‫ادة‬ َ‫ دة‬‫رة‬
‫ن‬ ‫رةوة‬  ‫روةك‬) ‫دووة‬َ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫ن‬‫رةم‬ ‫ن داوة و‬َ ‫وة و وة‬‫م‬‫ة دؤز‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ ‫ا وة‬ََ
‫دم‬‫دة‬   (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫ادى‬  ‫ن‬ َ ‫م‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬ ‫ دة‬‫ةدا دة‬َ.(‫دووة‬
َ  َ(Trial) ‫ك‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ‫ (دة‬‫ ط‬١٢٠٠) ‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬‫دة‬  َ ‫ر‬ ‫ةدا‬َ ‫ت وة‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬
. ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫وة‬‫َ دةط‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ 
:‫ة‬َ  ‫و‬‫و‬ ‫ةى دة‬َ‫وا ر‬  ‫دم‬‫و‬َ ‫ةى‬َ‫ى ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬
Sieve No % Pass %Retain % Proportion

3/4 100 0.00
1/2 93.7 6.30 -------------------- 9 %
3/8 83.11 10.59
No.4 53.56 29.55------------------- 42 %
No.8 32.7 20.86
No.50 11.99 20.71
No.200 7.67 4.32 -----------------------44 %
Total 92.33 % 95 %
Filler From out side 5%
From inside material 2.67 %
100 %
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫وة‬‫َ دةط‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬  َ  َ(Trial) َ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ‫ (دة‬‫ ط‬1200) ‫دم‬‫دة‬  ‫ دة‬‫ةدا دة‬َ
: ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  ( % ٦,٥ ، % ٦ ، %٥,٥ ، % ٥ ، %٤,٥ ، % ٤) ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬
Asphalt Content = 4 %
Asphalt Wt for each Percent = (1150 * 4) / 96
= 47.92 gm
Agg. Wt for each mold = 1150 * 0.063 = 72.45 gm for Sieve No. 1/2
= 1150 * 0.1059 = 121.78 gm for Sieve No. 3/8
= 1150 * 0.2955 = 339.83 gm for Sieve No. 4
= 1150 * 0.2086 = 239.89 gm for Sieve No. 8
= 1150 * 0.2071 = 238.16 gm for Sieve No. 50
= 1150 * 0.0432 = 49.68 gm for Sieve No. 200
= 1150 * 0.0767 = 88.205 gm for Filler
Total = 1150 gm
 ‫ن‬‫ط‬ َ َ‫ر‬ ‫وة‬‫ ( دةدؤز‬% ٦,٥ ، % ٦ ، %٥,٥ ، % ٥ ، %٤,٥) ‫ى‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬
.:‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  َ‫ر‬‫ دةط‬ َ ‫م‬ ‫وة وا‬ََ‫رةوة دة‬ ‫روة‬ ‫رى‬‫ط‬‫م‬
Asphalt Content = 4.5 %
Asphalt Wt for each Percent = (1150 * 4.5) / 95.5 = 54.19 gm
Asphalt Wt for each Percent = (1150 * 5) / 95 = 60.53 gm
Asphalt Wt for each Percent = (1150 * 4.5) / 94 = 73.40 gm
(‫ دا‬‫رى و‬ َ‫ )دة‬‫ا‬ََ ‫ر‬  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬ ‫دم‬‫دة‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫دووة‬‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ َ  ‫ة‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ َ ‫ر‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ن‬‫ادة‬  ‫ ط‬١١٥٠ ‫دم‬‫دة‬
(Marshal Stability)‫ل‬‫ر‬  ‫دم‬ : ‫ارة‬ ‫ى‬‫ط‬

.(ASTM D 1559-76,AASHTO T– 245-78and Asphalt Institute MS-2)‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬(Marshall Test) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬
:‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬    
. َ ‫ زام‬‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬   ‫وى‬َ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬ ‫دم‬ ‫وة و درو‬‫ دؤز‬-١
. ‫وةى‬َ  َ   ‫ةى‬َ‫ ر‬‫و‬‫ و ط‬ ‫دم‬ ‫رى‬‫ د‬-٢
. ‫وةى‬َ  (Stability) ‫ م‬‫ورة‬‫ ط‬ ‫ ط‬-٣
.َ ‫او‬ َ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬  (Loss of Stability) ‫ م‬  ‫ ط‬-٤
‫وة‬‫وم‬  ‫ى‬‫م‬‫را‬ ‫و‬ ‫وا و وة‬ ‫وم‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫وةى ر‬‫ دؤز‬‫روة‬ ‫( وة‬Flow) ‫ى‬ ‫دم‬ ‫رى‬‫ د‬-٥
. 
.‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ ط‬١٢٠٠ ‫ى‬: َ ‫ى‬ 
‫م‬، ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ ،(Stability & Flow)  ‫ى‬َ):َ ‫ى‬‫رة‬ 
٠,١ ‫ى‬‫ )د‬‫رازوو‬ ‫وم‬ ، ( ٢,٥ ‫رزى‬ ‫ و‬ ١٠ ‫ة‬)‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ،‫دن‬‫ر‬‫ط‬
‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ) ‫وى‬  ‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫ان‬َ ‫ةى‬، ‫ن‬  ‫وم‬ ‫م‬َ‫ى دةر‬َ ،(َ ‫ط‬
.َ ( ‫س‬º ٢٥  َ‫ا‬ ‫ؤل‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫وة‬
‫دن‬‫ر‬‫ ط‬‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ (Stability & Flow) ‫ى‬َ
‫وى‬  ‫رازوو‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫وةى‬‫م‬ 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ن‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫م‬َ‫ى دةر‬َ

‫دووة‬‫دة‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ ( ‫ ط‬١٢٠٠) ‫ى‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬  ‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬(‫ر‬،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬،‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) ‫ى‬‫ادام‬ ‫و‬
٢٤ ‫وةى‬ َ ‫ س‬º ١١٠-١٠٥ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ )‫وة‬‫دم‬ ‫ وو‬‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ دة‬  ‫ن‬‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬ َ‫دة‬
.‫ س‬º (١٦٥-١٦٠) ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬  ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ش ط‬‫ (ة‬ )‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬  ‫ت( وة‬
َ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬(SORB R9 ‫ا‬َ ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ %٦، %٥,٥، %٥، %٤,٥، %٤)‫ةى‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ  
 (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬  ‫وةى‬َ ‫ن‬.‫دووة‬ ‫ن‬‫دة‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬ ‫و‬  ‫د دة‬‫( ز‬‫ ط‬١٢٠٠) ‫ط‬
‫ام‬‫)دة‬َ‫و‬‫ دة‬‫ن دة‬ (‫م‬)‫ك‬ ‫ وةك‬‫وة‬َ ‫وة‬ ‫ س‬º (١٦٥-١٦٠) ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫وى دة‬َ
‫دم‬َ  ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬ ‫ان‬َ ‫واو‬ ‫ش‬.(َ ‫ان‬َ ‫ى‬َ ‫ و‬‫رى دة‬ ‫ردوو‬ ‫دن‬ ‫و‬َ ‫دارى‬
 ‫ س‬º ١٣٥ َ‫ دة‬ ‫وةى‬َ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ل وة رادةوة‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫وةى‬َ
‫ وو‬َ‫ز‬ ‫م‬‫ل دام‬‫ط‬ ‫وة( دة‬‫رةوةو‬)‫ردوو رووى‬ ‫ر‬ ٧٥  ‫وة وة‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫دة‬
.‫م‬َ‫ر‬ َ  ‫رةوةى‬‫وةو‬
‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ردة‬‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ ذ‬‫و‬‫وة وة رةم‬َ‫رددة‬ ‫وة‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ردوو‬ ‫ان‬َ ٧٥ ‫م‬ ‫ش‬
‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ ذ‬‫و‬‫ت وة رةم‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ و دا‬َ‫ن دة‬‫ن دةر‬ ‫وم‬ ‫رى‬َ‫ى دةر‬َ ‫ى‬ 
. ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ردة‬‫ر‬
‫دووة‬‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ َ  ‫ة‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ َ ‫ر‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ن‬‫ادة‬  ‫ ط‬١١٥٠ ‫دم‬‫دة‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ة‬َ‫ر‬  ‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬(‫ر‬،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬،‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬) ‫ى‬‫ادام‬ ‫و‬

-١٠٥ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ )‫وة‬‫دم‬ ‫ وو‬‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬َ َ‫ن دة‬‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬ َ‫دووة دة‬‫دة‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ ( ‫ ط‬١١٥٠) ‫ى‬
‫ر‬‫ى ط‬  ‫ دة‬‫ر‬‫ش ط‬‫ (ة‬ )‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬  ‫ل وة‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬ (‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ َ ‫ س‬º ١١٠
‫ س‬º (١٦٥-١٦٠)
‫ن‬‫دة‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬‫و‬ ‫د دة‬‫(ز‬‫ ط‬١١٥٠)‫ ط‬َ ‫َ ى‬(%٦، %٥,٥، %٥، %٤,٥، %٤)‫ةى‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ 
‫دووة‬
‫ س‬º(١٦٥-١٦٠)‫ى‬  ‫وى دة‬َ  (Aggregate) ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ادة‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬  ‫وةى‬َ
َ‫و‬‫ دة‬‫ن دة‬ (‫م‬)‫ك‬ ‫ وةك‬‫وة‬َ ‫وة‬ ‫ س‬º(١٦٥-١٦٠) ‫ دةط‬‫ر‬‫ى ط‬  ‫وى دة‬َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬  ‫وةى‬َ ‫دم‬َ
‫م‬َ‫ر‬ َ  ‫رةوةى‬‫وةو‬ ‫ وو‬َ‫ز‬ ‫م‬‫دام‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ة‬  ‫وة‬َ ‫ام‬َ
‫وة( دة‬‫رةوةو‬)‫ردوو رووى‬ ‫ر‬ ٧٥  ‫وة وة‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ن دة‬
  ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ردة‬‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ ذ‬‫و‬‫وة وة رةم‬َ‫رددة‬ ‫وة‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ و دا‬َ‫ن دةردة‬
‫ر‬َ‫ى دةر‬َ ‫ى‬ َ‫ن دة‬‫ن دةر‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ر‬  ‫ردة‬‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ ذ‬‫و‬‫ت وة رةم‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫وا‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ن دا‬ ‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫م‬َ‫ش دةر‬
‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر‬
‫دة دام‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬  ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ‫ط‬ ‫وة‬‫دؤ‬‫م‬‫رةوة روو‬   ‫دةن‬ ‫وى‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ َ
‫( وة‬٤،٥،٦)‫و‬‫رةى رةم‬‫ذ‬ (%٤,٥)  ‫ةى‬ّ‫( وة ر‬١،٢،٣) ‫و‬‫رةى رةم‬‫ ذ‬ (%٤)  ‫ةى‬َ‫ةى ر‬ّ 
‫ةى‬ّ‫( وة ر‬١٠،١١،١٢)‫و‬‫رةى رةم‬‫ذ‬ (%٥,٥)  ‫ةى‬ّ‫( وة ر‬٧،٨،٩)‫و‬‫رةى رةم‬‫ذ‬ (%٥)  ‫ةى‬ّ‫ر‬
.‫رة‬‫(د‬Table 4) ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬ ‫ و‬َ‫ و‬ ‫روةك‬ ‫وة‬‫ن دام‬ (١٣،١٤،١٥)‫و‬‫رةى رةم‬‫ذ‬ (%٦) 
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
:  ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬‫رة‬ . ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ رووم‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ ( Table 4) ‫ى‬ َ
‫( و وة‬َ‫رزى دة‬ َ ) َ‫( دة‬Veirner)‫م‬َ  (Height of Mold) ‫ن‬ ‫رزى‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.١
.‫وة‬‫رة‬‫ دوو‬ ‫ن‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬‫م‬ ‫ ط‬ ‫ردة‬  ‫ وة‬‫وةردةط‬
َ‫( دة‬Veirner)‫م‬َ  (Height of Mold) ‫ن‬ ‫رزى‬
:َ‫ارةوة دة‬ ‫ةى‬َ AASHTO T-166-78 ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ Gmb (bulk specific Gravity) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٢
َ . ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬ Gmb‫ر‬ َ  ‫ام‬‫وا دة‬ AASHTO T-166-78 ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ / َ
.‫وة‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ (Method C) ‫رى‬
Gmb = A / (B – C)
A Weight in Air
B Saturated Surface Dry SSD
C Weight in Water
‫ن‬ ‫دم‬ َ‫( و وة‬A) ‫واو‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دم‬ َ ‫ دة‬‫ت دة‬ ٢٤ ‫وم‬‫واو‬ ‫ش‬
‫وة‬  ‫و رووى دةرةوةى‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫و‬  ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬‫م‬‫دام‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ َ‫ دة‬ ) (C)‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬
‫ك رووى‬‫رؤ‬  َ‫و دةردة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ( ‫ دةرةوة‬َ  ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬‫را‬ ‫واو‬ ‫و‬ ‫وة‬ َ‫دة‬
‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ردة‬ ‫م‬َ ‫( وة‬B) َ‫ش دة‬(Saturated Surface Dry ‫وة وا‬‫ دة‬‫دةرةوةى وو‬
. ( Table 4)‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬ ‫ى‬ (Gmb (bulk specific Gravity))‫ى‬
(A) ‫واو‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دم‬ َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
َ‫ دة‬‫وة‬  ‫رووى دةرةوةى‬ ‫و‬  ‫و‬‫م‬  ‫م‬‫دام‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ دةزوو‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وةى‬
(C)‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دم‬ َ‫وة‬
Saturated Surface Dry ‫وة وا‬‫ دة‬‫ك رووى دةرةوةى وو‬‫رؤ‬  ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬َ‫ش دةر‬
(B) ‫ دة‬َ Saturated Surface Dry‫ رووى دةرةوةى‬‫دم‬ ‫ش وو‬
‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬‫ط‬ (Stability . Flow & Loss of Stability) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٣

‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ ( ASTM D 1559-76,AASHTO T– 245-78and Asphalt Institute MS-2)
:َ‫دة‬
‫ س‬º ٦٠ ‫ر‬‫ى ط‬) ‫و‬  ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬‫دام‬ ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬َ ‫د‬ ‫ن‬‫دة‬ ‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬َ ‫روةك‬
‫ش‬( ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ى‬‫ دام‬ ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫ دوو دام‬ ‫ دة‬٣٠ ‫وةى‬
‫ل‬‫ر‬  ‫ى‬َ ‫ر‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ر دا‬ َ‫ دةردة‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ دوو دام‬‫ دة‬٣٠ ‫وم‬‫ر‬َ
.‫ن‬ ‫ر‬( Flow ‫ ط‬ Flow ‫دم‬‫ر‬ ‫ن و وة‬ ‫ر(ى‬‫)ام‬‫م‬َ ‫رةس‬ ‫وةى‬‫م‬َ ‫دم‬‫ر‬)
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
 ‫ى‬َ ‫ر‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ة دا‬َ ‫ن‬( ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫ك‬‫ون )دام‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وم‬‫ر‬َ ‫ش‬
‫ر‬( Flow ‫ ط‬ Flow ‫دم‬‫ر‬ ‫ن و وة‬ ‫ر(ى‬‫)ام‬‫م‬َ ‫رةس‬ ‫وةى‬‫م‬َ ‫دم‬‫ر‬) ‫ل‬‫ر‬
:‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬ Loss of Stability ‫ام‬‫ش دة‬ ‫ن‬
Loss of Stability = (Stability (after 30 minute) - Stability (after 24 hours)) / Stability (after 30 minute) *100
(  ( Tabe 4 ) ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬ ‫ى‬) ‫وة‬‫رة دة‬‫ دوو‬ ‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬  ‫وام‬‫م‬ 
 ‫وة‬‫وم‬  ‫ى‬‫م‬‫را‬ ‫و‬ ‫ و‬‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬‫روة‬ ‫ وة‬Flow ‫ و‬Stability ‫ م‬‫ورة‬‫وةى ط‬‫ دؤز‬
‫ و وة‬َ 8KN  Stability َ‫م‬ SORB-R9‫ا‬َ ‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬)َ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬  
‫ى‬  ‫اوة و وة‬َ ‫ن‬‫ذة‬ َ .%٢٥  َ ‫ ز‬َ‫ م‬Loss of Stability ‫(وة‬(٤-٢) ‫ان‬َ‫م‬ َ‫ دة‬Flow
. ‫اوة‬ َ‫و‬ ‫رة‬َ‫ ر‬
‫وى‬ ‫و‬‫م‬(‫دة‬٣٠ ‫وةى‬) ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫دوو دام‬ ‫وى‬ ‫و‬‫م‬(‫ت‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬) ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬ ‫ك‬‫دام‬
٢٤‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ و‬‫دة‬٣٠ ‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬) ‫ل‬‫ر‬  ‫ى‬َ ‫ر‬ َ‫ةم‬‫ر دا‬ ‫وى‬  َ‫ن دةردة‬
(‫ت‬
‫و‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ر(ى‬‫)ام‬‫م‬َ ‫رةس‬  Flow ‫ و‬Stability‫وةى‬‫م‬َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
:(Combined Aggregate Bulk Specific Gravity Gsb & Aggregate Apparent Specific Gravity Gsa) ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬ .٤
‫ى‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ  (‫ر‬ ،  ، ‫وك‬ ‫ط‬، ‫ورة‬‫ ط‬‫ط‬)  ‫وة‬َ Aggregate ‫ادى‬ ‫وةى‬‫ر‬
‫ى‬) ‫ة‬ ‫ن‬َ ‫ة‬َ‫ةى ر‬َ  ‫ن‬‫رة‬ ‫ ط‬َ‫ى دة‬ ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ ‫وا‬ Combined Aggregate‫ة‬َ 
. ‫وة‬‫ دة‬‫ دواى رووم‬  ( ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬ 
.‫وة‬‫م‬‫دووة و دؤز‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬‫م‬‫ر‬‫ زام‬

Aggregate Gsb (See Table 3 ) Gsa (See Table 3) Proportion (Blending)
Coarse Aggregate 2.655 2.710 9%
Medium Aggregate 2.669 2.719 42 %
FineAggregate(Crushed) 2.631 2.736 44 %
Filler 2.677 5%
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Combined Aggregate Gsb = 100 / (9/2.655 + 42/2.669 + 44/2.631 + 5/2.677)
= 100 / 37.717
=2.651
Combined Aggregate Gsa = 100 / (9/2.710 + 42/2.719 + 44/2.736 + 5/2.677)
= 100 / 36.717
=2.724
‫وة‬‫ؤز‬(Effective Aggregate Specific Gravity Gse) ‫ام‬‫وا دة‬  ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ر‬‫ط‬ ‫ةدا‬َ
.‫ن‬‫ط‬ ‫( ى‬Gsb + Gsa) ‫ر‬ ‫ل وةرط‬  ‫و‬
Effective Aggregate Specific Gravity Gse = (Gsb + Gsa ) / 2

= (2.651+2.724)/2
=2.688
‫ن‬ ‫رووم‬ (٥)   ‫روةك‬ ‫وة‬َ‫ؤزر‬ (Gmm) َ َ‫وا دة‬ (Gse) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ‫ ر‬‫ را‬ : َ
.‫دووة‬ ‫ة‬َ
  AASHTO T-209-92&ASTM D2041-71‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ Max. Specific Gravity Gmm) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٥
: َ‫ارةوة دة‬ ‫ةى‬َ
 َ‫ى دة‬ ) ‫وة‬‫ن دةدؤز‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬ َ   ‫ةى‬َ  ‫وة و وة‬‫ دةدؤز‬Gmm ‫زةرى‬‫ةى م‬َ  ‫ةدا‬َ
 ‫ وة‬ ‫زةرى و‬‫ان م‬َ‫م‬ َ ‫وازى زؤر‬ َ‫ و م‬َ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬  ‫ةى‬َ  ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬
‫رش‬   Gmm ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬  َ‫َ دة‬  َ  ‫وى‬َ ‫دم‬‫ درو‬ ‫م‬ ‫وة‬‫م‬
:( ‫وة‬َ‫ؤزر‬ َ‫ دة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫اوى رؤذام‬
‫زةرى‬‫ةى م‬َ  ‫وة‬‫دؤز‬
Gmm = 100 / (%Aggregate / Gse + %Asphalt / Asphalt.SG)
Gse Effective Specific Gravity of Aggregate

Asphalt.SG Asphalt Specific Gravity (Previous Determined)
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ةى‬َ  Gmm ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ردة‬  ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬‫م‬ ‫ةدا‬َ  ( Table 4) ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬
:َ‫ر دة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ وة‬ ‫وام‬ ‫زةرى و‬‫م‬
Example for Trial No.1 (Asphalt Content = 4 %)
%Aggregate = 100 - Asphalt Content
= 100 – 4
=96 %
Eff.SG = 2.688 (see previous step)
Asphalt.SG = 1.031 (Previous Determined)
Gmm = 100 / (96/2.688 + 4/1.031)

=2.525
(Table 4) ‫رة‬‫ى ذ‬ ‫وة‬‫ دةدؤز‬ ‫وام‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬
 ‫ةى‬َ  ‫وة‬‫دؤز‬
‫ر‬‫ى ط‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ذاردووة( دة‬ % ٤ ‫ةى‬َ‫ى ر‬‫وم‬ ‫ةدا‬َ) ‫د‬َ ‫ن‬‫ر‬   ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ن‬
º ٢٥ ‫ ذوورة‬‫ر‬‫ ط‬) ‫وا‬  ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬ ‫وة‬   ‫م‬‫وة‬َ ‫ام‬ ‫وةى‬  ‫م‬( ‫ س‬º ٩٠)
Bucket َ َ َ‫ )دة‬Bucket ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫ وةردةط‬  َ ‫ن‬ ‫وة‬َ‫رددة‬ َ ‫وة‬( ‫س‬
‫ر‬‫ ط‬ َ‫ )دة‬‫ة‬َ ‫وى‬ ‫ن‬ ( ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ل‬‫ط‬ Bucket َ ‫ )وا‬َ‫ دة‬ ( َ  
‫و‬‫ م‬‫وا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ش‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫رة دة‬‫ دوو‬ ( ‫ س‬º ٢٥ ‫او‬‫د‬‫وى ز‬
:‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ .َ‫واوى دةردة‬ Bucket‫و‬‫وم‬
‫وا‬  ‫ةم‬‫ دا‬‫ن دةردة‬  ‫وم‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫وم‬ ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫دم‬ ‫دواى‬
 ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬Bucketَ Bucket‫و‬‫ م‬‫ دة‬‫وم‬  َ   Bucket َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
( ‫ س‬º ٢٥ ‫او‬‫د‬‫وى ز‬ ‫ر‬‫ ط‬ َ‫ )دة‬‫ة‬َ ‫وى‬ ‫ن‬
Bucket‫و‬‫وم‬ ‫و‬‫ م‬‫وا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ش‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬
MAXIMUM SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURES AASHTO T 209 - 82 / ASTM D 2041 - 78

Bitumen content 4%
Net weight of flask + water @ 25c D g 4475
Weight of loose asphalt sample in air A g 849.6
weight of flask + water + sample in vacuum E g 4988.2
(Gmm) = Maximum theoretical specific gravity A/(A+D-E) g/cc 2.526
‫ن‬  . ‫و‬‫ى م‬‫و‬ ‫واز‬  % ٤ ‫ةى‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫زةرةى‬‫ و م‬ ‫رى‬ ‫ردوو‬  Gmm ‫ةدا دة‬َ
.‫وة‬‫ؤز‬‫م‬ ‫ام‬‫ دة‬ ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ة‬َ
: ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  َ ‫ دةرى‬‫ام‬‫وة دة‬‫ن دؤز‬ Gmm ‫ى‬ ‫ةى‬َ   ‫ى‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬  Gse ‫ام‬‫دة‬
Gse Effective Specific Gravity of Aggregate

Gse = (100-Pb) / [(100 / Gmm) - (Pb / Gb)]
Gse = (100-4) / [(100 / 2.526) - (4 / 1.031)]
= 2.688
/ َ
‫ن‬‫رة‬  ( ‫وة‬‫ؤز‬  ‫ى‬َ‫ ر‬ Gmm) ‫رةوة‬ ‫ةى‬َ  َ ‫وا‬ Gse ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ َ‫ ر‬
.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
:(Percentage Air Voids (Va)&Percentage Voids in Mineral Agg.(VMA)) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٦
 ‫ وةردةط‬ ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  Gmb   ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ر ر‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ط‬ ‫وة‬‫ن دؤز‬ Gmb ‫وةى‬ ‫ش‬
Va ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬
‫وام‬ ‫ و‬Va ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ردة‬  ‫م‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫ك‬‫ة‬َ‫ ر‬‫م‬ ‫ةدا‬َ  (Table 4 ) ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬
:َ‫ر دة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ وة‬
Example for Trial No.1 (Asphalt Content = 4 %)
%Aggregate = 100 - Asphalt Content
= 100 – 4
=96 %
Gsb = 2.651 (see previous step)

Average of Gmb = (2.354+2.353+2.343)/3 from Marshall Table
= 2.350
Gmm = 2.525 (Previous Step)
VMA = 100 – (2.350 * 96) / 2.651

=14.90
Va = 100 (2.525 - 2.350)/2.525

= 6.93 %
VFA = 100 (14.90 - 6.93) / 14.90

= 53.49
.(Table 4 ) ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬  ‫وة‬‫ دةدؤز‬ ‫وام‬ ‫ة‬َ ‫ن‬
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
:(%Asphalt Absorption By weight of total Aggregate (Pba)) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬.٧
Pba = 100 ((2.688 – 2.651) / (2.651 * 2.688)) * 1.031

= 0.535
 ‫ دة‬‫ دة‬ ‫م‬ ‫وةى‬‫دم‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ و‬‫ دة‬‫( درو‬Table 4 ) ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬‫ زام‬َ
.: ‫وة‬‫اوة‬ ‫ارةوة روون‬  ‫وة‬َ  َ‫د‬‫ ز‬َ   ‫ةى‬َ‫ ر‬ ‫وةى‬‫دؤز‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ و‬‫م‬َ
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫م‬َ‫ و‬ ‫ر‬  (Optimum Asphalt Content) ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬ ‫ة‬ ‫رةوة‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ و‬ َ
‫ )وا‬‫ن وةردةط‬َ ‫ر‬   ‫اوة‬َ ‫وز‬ َ ‫روةك‬(Stability,Air Voids,Unit Wt (Gmb))  ‫ت‬
‫وة‬‫ دةدؤز‬ ‫وام‬ ‫وا‬(Optimum Asphalt Content) ‫وةى‬‫ش دؤز‬.(Optimum Asphalt Content = (4.9+4.7+5.15)/3 = 4.9
. ‫اوة‬َ ‫ور‬ َ ‫روةك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬َ‫ و‬
‫ا‬ ‫ةى‬َ‫ط‬ ‫ن‬ ‫( وة ط‬Wearing)     ‫وى‬َ   ‫ارةوة‬ ‫ى‬ 
.‫اوة‬‫داوا‬
RESULTS FOR BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN

TEST
TEST UNIT SPECIFICATIONS
RESULTS
NO. OF BLOWS 75 75
% BITUMEN BY WEIGHT OF
. 4.90
AGGREGATE
% BITUMIN BY WEIGHT OF MIX %
SPECIFIC GRAVITY g/cc 2.382
STABILITY kg 1290 800 MIN
% AIR VOIDS % 4.5 3-5
FLOW mm 3.16 2-4
% VOIDS FILLED BY ASPHALT
% 69
CEMENT
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
.‫ن‬ :‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫ط‬

(SORB) ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬  R9 ‫ى‬‫ط‬
SECTION R9
Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete Pavement
R9 01 Scope
The work covered by this Section of the Specification consists in the furnishing of all plant, labor,
equipment and materials and in performing all operations in connection with the construction of
asphalt concrete pavement on a previously prepared course, complete subject to the terms and
conditions of the Contract and in strict accordance with this Section of the Specification, the
applicable Drawings and the directions of the Engineer's Representative.
R9 02 Materials
1. Aggregate: Aggregates shall be of uniform quality, crushed to size as necessary and shall be composed
of sound, tough, durable particles, with or without natural or mineral fillers, as required. All materials
shall be clean, free from injurious amounts of clay balls and clay coated particles, gypsum, organic
matter and other deleterious substances. The aggregate coarser than (2.36 mm) shall have a percentage
of wear not more than 30 for surface course, 35 for binder course and 40 for base course when tested
in accordance with AASHTO T96. deleterious materials as determined in accordance with AASHTO
T1112 shall not exceed 3% by weight.
The plasticity index shall not exceed 4 as determined by AASHTO T89 and T90 for total aggregate
and mineral filler of the fraction passing No. 40 sieve (prepared in accordance with AASHTO –
T146).
2. Coarse Aggregate: That portion of the combined aggregate retained on the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve
used for asphalt concrete; binder and surface course shall be crushed stone or crushed gravel of such
grading that when combined with other required aggregates fractions and filler in proper proportion,
the resultant mixture shall meet the grading required under the composition of mixture for the specific
type under contract. The coarse aggregate used for asphalt concrete base course may be crushed,
uncrushed or combination of both. The degree of crushing shall be such that at least 90% by weight of
the materials retained on the No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve has one or more fractured faces, and shall not
contain more than 10% of flat and elongated pieces with more than 5 to 1 between maximum and
minimum dimensions (ASTM D4791).
The coating shall be above 95% when tested according to ASSHTO T182 or ASTM D2727. The
coarse aggregate when subjected to the five cycles of the soundness test (ASTM C88) shall have a
weighted loss not greater than 12% when sodium sulfate is used or 18% when magnesium sulfate is
used.
3. Fine Aggregate: That portion of the combined aggregate passing the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve shall
consist of stone screenings and natural sand. Natural sand shall not exceed 25% of the portion fines
than 2.36 mm for surface and binder courses. The grading shall be such that when combined with
other required aggregate fractions and fillers in proper proportions. The resultant mixture shall meet
the grading required under the composition of mixture for the specific type under contract.
Fine aggregate shall be composed of clean, tough, rough-surfaced and angular grains. If natural sand is
used the grains shall be sound, hard, dry and durable and shall not contain injurious amounts of
foreign matter, and when tested in accordance with AASHTO T176 shall have a sand equivalent of not
less than 45%.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
4. Mineral Filler: Mineral filler shall consist of limestone or other stone dust. Portland cement, hydrated
lime or other inert non-plastic mineral matter from approved sources. The use of specific type or types
may be limited by the engineer's Representative. Mineral fillers shall be thoroughly dry and free from
lumps or aggregations of fine particles. It shall conform to the grading requirements shown in Table
R9/1.
The plasticity index as determined by ASSHTO T90 shall not be greater than 4.
The amount of filler to be added shall be only that amount which is necessary to the grading
requirements for the completed mixture prescribed.
TABLE R9/1
MINERAL FILLER GRADING
U.S. Sieve Size Percentage Passing by
Mm Weight
0.600 (No. 30) 100

0.300 (No. 50) 95-100
0.075 (No. 200) 70-100
5. Asphalt Cement: The asphalt cement shall conform with the requirements shown in Table R9/2A for
viscosity-graded asphalt cement used in hot mix asphalt concrete. The requirements for penetration-
graded asphalt cement is also shown in Table R9/2B for desired uses. The asphalt cement used shall be
a product prepared by refining of crude petroleum, it shall be homogeneous, free from water and shall
not foam when heated to 180o C.
The refinery which supplies the asphalt cement shall furnish a certificate of analysis signed by an
authorized employee of the refinery for each shipment made to the project. The certificate of analysis
shall show the test results for all the specified requirements and in addition the net weight for each
shipment. The certificates of analysis shall be furnished to the Engineer's Representative.
TABLE R9/2A
REQUIREMENTS FOR VISCOSITY-GRADED ASPHALT CEMENT
(GRADING BASED ON ORIGINAL ASPHALT)
Property Viscosity Grade

AC-40 AC-30 AC-20
Viscosity, 60 C, poises 4000 ± 800 3000 ± 600 2000 ± 400
o
Viscosity, 135 C, Cs-minimum 400 350 300
Penetration, 25 oC, 100g, 5sec. 0.1 mm-minimum 40 50 60
o
Flash Point, COC, C-minimum 232 232 232
Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent-minimum 99 99 99
Tests on residue from Thin-Film Oven Test:
Viscosity, 60 oC, poises-maximum 20000 15000 10000
o
Ductility, 25 C, 5 cm per minute cm-minimum 25 40 50
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
TABLE R9/2B
REQUIREMENTS FOR PENETRATION-GRADED ASPHALT CEMENT
Penetration Grade of Asphalt
Property
40/50 50/60 60/70
o
1. Penetration at 25 C, 100gm, 5sec (1/10mm) 40-50 50-60 60-70
2. Ductility at 25 oC, 5cm/min, (cm) >100 >100 >100
3. Flash point, oC >232 >232 >232
4. Solubility in trichloroethylene, % >99 >99 >99
5. Residue from thin-film oven test
- Retained penetration, % of original >55 >53 >52
- Ductility at 25 oC, 5 cm/min (cm) >25 >40 >50

6. Additives: Hydrated lime or any other approved chemical admixture may be used as an antistripping
additive, Hydrated lime shall conform to the requirement of AASHTO M216, and may be added dry at
a percentage of about 1.5% by weight of aggregates. An approved system should be provided in the
asphalt plant to uniformly feed the required quantities without arching or intermittent flow.
7. Source of Supply: Approval of sources of supply of aggregate and mineral filler shall be obtained from
the Engineer's Representative prior to delivery of the material. Samples of each shall be submitted as
directed.
Samples of the asphalt material that the Contractor proposes to use in the work shall be submitted and
approved before construction begins. No asphalt material other than that represented by the sample
submitted shall be used by the Contractor except with the written consent of the Engineer's
Representative. Blending of asphalt materials from different refineries will not be permitted.
R9 03 COMPOSITION OF MIXTURES
The asphalt concrete mixtures for base course (type I), binder course (type II) and surface course (type
IIIA or IIIB) shall be composed basically of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral filler (if needed),
and asphalt cement. The several mineral constituents shall be sized, uniformly graded and combined in
such proportions that the resulting blend meets the grading requirements for the specific type under
contract. To such composite blended aggregate (considered as 100% by weight) shall be added asphalt
cement within the percentage limits set in the specifications for the specific type.
The requirements for the asphalt concrete mixtures shall conform to grading shown in Table R9/3.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
TABLE R9/3
ASPHALT MIXTURE ORADIGS
Sieve size mm Type I Type II Type IIIA Type IIIB
Base Course Binder or Surface or Wearing Course
Leveling
Course
% Passing by Weight of Total aggregate + Filler
1 ½ in 37.5 100
1 25.0 90-100 100
¾ 19.0 76-90 90-100 100
½ 12.5 56-80 76-90 90-100 100
⅜ 9.5 48-74 56-80 76-90 90-100
No. 4 4.75 29-59 35-65 44-74 55-85
No. 8 2.36 19-45 23-49 28-58 32-67
No. 50 300 µm 5-17 5-19 5-21 7-23
No. 200 75 µm 2-8 3-9 4-10 4-10
Asphalt Cement (% weight of 3-5.5 4-6 4-6 4-6
total mix)
The aggregate as finally used in the work shall not vary from the low limit on one sieve to the high limit
on the adjacent sieve, but shall be uniformly graded.
R9 04 JOB-MIXFORMULA
No asphalt concrete mixture shall be manufactured until a job-mix formula has been submitted by the
Contractor and approved by the Engineer’s Representative. The formula shall indicate the exact
percentage of each sieve fraction and the exact percentage of bitumen to be used in the mixtures and the
mix temperature. The Contractor will allowed the tolerances from the approved job-mix formula shown in
Table R9/4
TABLE R9/4
JOB-MIX FORMULA TOLERANCES
Tolerance
Aggregate passing sieve 4.75mm (No. 4) or larger ±6%
Aggregate passing sieve 2.36mm (No. 8) to 0.3mm (No. 50) ±4%
Filler passing sieve 0.075mm (No. 200) ±2.0%
Asphalt cement ±0.3%
Mix temperature ±15oC
The asphalt concrete mixtures shall have the properties shown in Table R9/5 when compacted by 75
blows of a standard Marshall hammer on each face.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
TABLE R9/5
PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES
Property Base Course Binder Course Surface Course
Resistance to plastic flow (ASTM D 1559) 75
Blows/End
- Marshall Stability (KN), min 5 7 8
- Marshall Flow (mm) 2-4 2-4 2-4
Voids in Marshall specimen (%) 3-6 3-5 3-5
Voids in mineral aggregate (%), mm. 12 13 14
Immersion-Compression (ASTM D 1075) 70 70 70
Index of Retained Strength (%), min.
The Marshall Stability of surface course for Expressway, all bridges and the approaches to bridges for a
distance of 200 meters on each side shall be not less than 10 KN, if directed by the Engineer.
Should a change in sources of material be made, a new job-mix formula shall be established before the
new material is used.
R9 05 EQUIPMENT
1. Equipment General: All equipment, tools and machines used in the performance of the work covered
by this Section of the Specification shall be either new or in top grade second hand condition and be
subject to the approval of the Engineer's Representative and shall be maintained in satisfactory
working condition at all times. All equipment, plant and transport shall be in harmony and with a
balanced capacity.
2. Mixing Plant: The mixing plant shall be designed, co-ordinated and operated so as to produce mixture
within the job-mix formula and shall have a sufficient capacity. The plant shall be a weight-batch type.
A volumetric-proportioning, continuous mixing type may be substituted for the above type, provided
the equipment has demonstrated that it is suitable for producing finished mixtures complying with the
job-mix formula specified herein.
The plant shall have proper and approved thermometers and be equipped with a dust collector when
located in any area where dust may be objectionable.
The asphalt mixing plants shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 995 (Standard Specification for
Mixing Plants for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Asphalt Paving Mixtures).
The inspection of asphalt mixing plant is required to assure that all facilities, production operations,
materials handling, required testing and mix product comply with the requirements of ASTM D 290
(Standard Practice for Asphalt Mixing Plant Inspection).
3. Pavers: The spreading and finishing equipment shall be by an approved self propelled paver equipped
with electronic or mechanical leveling system to ensure perfect layer. The finishers shall be designed
for executing the lane width specified of finished pavement in one working operation. For the
executing of the standing lane and or widening additional auxiliary pavers of 4m operating width,
working in staggered echelon shall be used. At least two pavers of each width required shall be
available simultaneously on the site. All pavers shall be equipped with edging sleeves.
The main paver shall be equipped with a combined tamper and vibratory screed with an adjustable
amplitude at 5 and 9mm. The frequency of tamper and vibratory screed shall be infinitely variable and
independently adjustable from each other. The speed of the bar conveyers and the revolutions of the
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
augers shall be infinitely variable and independently controlled for each side. The flow of material
shall be additionally controlled by two hydraulically operated gates on the rear hopper wall. The
finisher screed shall be heated by gasburner. The crawler unit shall be suspended at three points to
permit independent vertical movement of each of the crawler tracks.
The smaller auxiliary paver shall be equipped with the compaction components of the same type as the
larger paver and shall be capable of placing a layer of at least 10 cm compacted in one single pass.
4. Compaction Equipment: The specified compaction shall be carried out by approved smooth-steel
wheeled; multi-wheeled pneumatic-tyred, and/or vibrating rollers as specified under Clause R9 11.
R9 06 CONTRACTOR'S PERSONNEL
The Contractor shall employ only such personnel to operate the mixing plant, the self-propelled pavers
and the compaction equipment that have had several years' experience in operating such machines and
who are approved the Engineer's Representative.
R9 07 MIXING
The asphalt mixture shall be produced in an approved plant. Crushed aggregates shall be furnished and
stockpiled separately and delivered to the dryer in desired proportions. The aggregate shall be heated and
thoroughly dried before entering the hot bins. The temperature shall be such that the finished temperature
will be within the tolerances of the job-mix formula and always controlled. Filler shall be calibrated so
that natural and mineral filler always have the same proportions. All components shall be accurately
weighted and conveyed into the mixer and the required amount of bitumen introduced. In no case shall the
aggregate be introduced into the mixer at a greater temperature than that of the bitumen. The temperature
of both the aggregates and the bitumen at the time of mixing shall be in accordance with the job-mix
formula and strictly controlled. All overheated and carbonized mixture or mixtures which foam or show
indications of moisture will be rejected.
R9 08 TRANSPORTATION OF ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES
1. Bin and Hopper: The mixer shall be equipped with a heated bin for stocking the finished mix which
shall be so designed that no segregation of mix can occur and no material remains attached to the
walls. The mixer shall be equipped with a hopper at the discharge end, of such size and design that no
segregation of mix occurs. Any elevator used for loading the mixture into vehicles shall have an
equally satisfactory hopper.
2. Trucks: Trucks for hauling asphalt concrete mixtures shall have tight, clean and smooth metal floors
that have been sprayed with a minimum amount of soapy water, thinned or emulsified fuel oil, paraffin
oil, or lime solution to prevent the mixture from adhering to the floors. Each load shall be covered by
canvas or other suitable material of such size as to protect the mixture from the weather. Any truck
causing excessive segregation of material by its spring suspension or other contributory factors, that
shows serious oil leaks or that causes undue delay shall upon the direction of the Engineer's
representative be removed from the work until such faults are corrected. When necessary, in order that
the mixture shall be delivered to the site at the specified temperature, all covers shall be securely
fastened.
The temperature of the mixture when dumped in the spreader shall be in accordance with Clause R9
10.
Each vehicle shall be weighed before and after each loading at the mixer and a record kept of the gross
weight, tare and net weight of each load.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
R9 09 PLACING
1. Preparation of existing surface: Before applying the asphalt pavement the smoothness of the
underlying course shall be tested with a 4m straight edge; it shall not vary by more than 10mm in the
case of binder courses or 6mm in the case of surface courses and shall be corrected if necessary.
Where local irregularities in the existing surface are greater than 2cm when measured under a 4m
straight edge, the surface shall be brought to uniform contour by patching with asphalt concrete and
thoroughly tamping or rolling until it conforms with the surrounding surface. The mixture used shall
be the same as that specified for the next course.
a) Where the existing roadbed is broken or shows instability, the unstable material shall be removed
and disposed of as directed by the Engineer's Representative and be replaced with the same
mixture as specified for the next course, compacted to the level of the adjacent surface.
b) If the existing course is established, asphalt, or a Portland cement concrete course, and if the edges
of the course have become eroded, disintegrated or broken, the edges shall be trimmed back as
directed by the Engineer's Representative, the debris removed and disposed of, and the space
backfilled with asphalt concrete mixture, gravel or similar approved material, as directed by the
Engineer's Representative, and then compacted.
c) Immediately before applying the asphalt pavement, the existing surface (upon which the mixture is
to be placed) shall be thoroughly cleaned (by sweeping or air blow) of all loose, dirt and other
objectionable materials immediately before spreading the mixture.
d) The primed binder course or each layer of the asphalt pavement shall only receive a tack coat if
required and if so directed by the Engineer's Representative in accordance with Section R8B.
e) The tack-coat shall be applied just sufficiently in advance of placing of the asphalt concrete
mixture so that a thin adhesive film of asphalt cement ensures a good binding of the course. It shall
be applied in accordance with Section R8B – asphalt Tack Coat.
f) Contact surfaces of kerbs, gutters, manholes and other structures shall be painted with a thin
uniform coating of hot asphalt binder (or asphalt cement dissolved in suitable solvent) or cut-back
bitumen just before the mixture is placed against it, bit after such a time as the solvent shall have
evaporated completely. The condition of the existing surface shall have been approved by the
Engineer's Representative prior to placing the mixture.
g) Before spreading mixture upon a Portland cement concrete surface, all longitudinal and transverse
joints and all cracks shall be sealed by the application of an approved asphalt joint sealing
compound, such as in BS2499 (1973) Class A Grades I and II. If shown on the plans and called
for in the Specification, a tack coat shall be applied to Portland cement concrete base, or approved
metal or plastic fabric shall be used, to prevent cracks appearing above the joints or cracks in the
cement concrete surface.
R9 10 SPREADING AND FINISHING

The asphalt concrete pavement shall be placed by mechanical means in accordance with the required
finished thickness as stated in the Bill of Quantities or shown on the Drawings.
The mixed material shall as soon as possible after arrival at the Site be supplied continuously to the paver
and laid without delay. The rate of delivery of material to the paver shall be so requlated as to enable the
paver to be operated continuously and it shall be so operated whenever practicable.
The rate of travel of the paver and its method of operation shall be adjusted to ensure an even and uniform
flow of material across the full laying width, freedom from dragging or tearing of the material and
minimum segregation.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
The temperature of the mixed materials when dumped into the spreader shall be as directed by the
Engineer's Representative =10 oC. Mixtures with a temperature of less than 120 oC for base course and
binder course and 130 oC for surface course when dumped into the spreader will be rejected. The spreader
shall be adjusted and the speed regulated so that the surface of the course will be smooth and the course of
such depth that, when finally compacted, it will conform to the cross section shown on the Drawings.
When placing a width in one continuous operation is specified or undertaken or where the width of the
lane requires. Two finishers shall operate in staggered echelon, the main larger-width paver in front and
the smaller auxiliary paver approximately 15m behind. When placing binder course, the larger width
paver shall follow the smaller width paver. No single lane shall be laid in advance of the adjoining lane
further than will permit a satisfactory hot longitudinal joint between lanes. Where forming a hot
longitudinal joint the 15m strip along the edge against which additional material is to be laid shall not be
rolled until such additional material is placed except when the work is to be discontinued. After the first
lane has been placed and rolled, the adjacent lane shall be placed while the unrolled 15cm strip is hot and
in a readily compatible condition. Rolling of the adjacent lane shall begin along the joint. Placing of the
mixture shall be as continuous as possible. A sufficient number of experienced shovellers and rackers
shall follow the spreading machine, dressing the surface as required to produce a course of uniform
surface texture and the required smoothness.
Wherever practicable, road pavement materials having a bitumen binder shall be spread, leveled and
tamped by approved self-propelled pavers.
Hand laying of any asphalt material will be permitted only in the following circumstances:
(i) for laying regulating courses of irregular shape and varying thickness;
(ii) in confined spaces where it is impracticable for a paver to operate;
(iii) for footways;
(iv) at the approaches to expansion joints at bridges or viaducts;
(v) for mastic asphalt which shall be laid in conformity with BS 1447 (1973).
The loads shall not be dumped any faster than can be properly handled by the shovellers and rakers,
Rakers shall not be permitted to stand in the hot mixture.
One layer or course of asphalt material shall not be superimposed upon another course without the
approval of the Engineer's Representative.
Surface course shall not be placed in short sections, the length or the section to be executed shall be as
directed by the Engineer's Representative but not less than that specified for the particular lane width of
the Contract.
R9 11 COMPACTION
Immediately after the mixture has been spread and struck off, the surface shall be checked and
irregularities adjusted and then compacted thoroughly and uniformly by rolling.
Materials shall be compacted as soon as rolling can be effective without causing undue displacement of
the mixed material such as cracking or rippling and while it has at least the minimum rolling temperature
specified.
The material shall be uniformly compacted by an 8,000 to 10,000 kg smooth steel-wheeled roller having a
width of roll not less than 45 cm or by a multi-wheeled pneumatic-tyred roller of equivalent weight except
that surface course and binder course material shall be surface finished with a smooth-wheeled roller.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Immediately following the initial rolling, the mixture shall be thoroughly compacted.
Rolling shall begin at the low side and progress toward the high side overlapping each preceding tack until
the entire surface has been rolled. Alternative strips of the roller shall be terminated in stops at least 1m
distant from any preceding stop. The rollers shall be in good condition, capable of reversing without back
lash and shall be operated by experience roller-men and must be kept in continuous operation in such a
manner that all parts of the pavement shall receive substantially equal compression.
Any displacement occurring as a result of reversing of the direction of a roller or from any other cause
shall be corrected at once as specified and/or removed and made good.
The roller shall not be permitted to stand on pavement which has not been fully compacted and whose
temperature is still more than 70 oC. Necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent dropping of oil,
grease, petrol or other foreign matter on the pavement either when the rollers are operating or standing.
When a paver laying binder course or surface course material approacheds an expansion joint at a bridge
or viaduct, it shall be taken out of use as soon as there is a danger of the material being laid fouling the
joint. In laying the remainder of the pavement up to the joint and the corresponding area beyond it by
hand, the joint cavity shall not be fouled with surface material.
Hand-raking of surface course material which has been laid by a paver and the addition of such material
by hand-spreading to the paved area for adjustment of level will be permitted only in the following
circumstances:
(i) at the edges of the layers of material and at gullies and manholes;
(ii) at the approaches to expansion joints at bridges or viaducts;
(iii) where otherwise directed by the Engineer's Representative.
Hand laid work shall conform to all the specification requirements of this clause except those relating to
the manner of operating pavers.
Where joints between laying widths or transverse joints have to be made in surface courses, the material
shall be fully compacted and the joint made flush in one or other of the following ways, method (iii)
always used for transverse joints:
(i) by heating the joint with an approved joint heater at the time when the additional width is
being laid but without cutting back or coating with binder. The heater shall raise the
temperature of the full depth of the surface course to a figure within the rolling temperature
range specified for the material and for a width not less than 8cm on each side of the joint. In
this case, however, the Contractor shall have available for use in the event of breakdown,
equipment necessary for operating method (iii);
(ii) by using two or more pavers operating in echelon where this is practicable and in sufficient
proximity for adjacent width to be fully compacted by continuous rolling; or by using a
multiple-lane width paver;
(iii) by cutting back the exposed joints to vertical face of not less than the specified thickness,
discarding all loosened material and coating the vertical face completely with a grade of hot
bitumen suitable for the purpose before the next width is laid.
All joints shall be offset at least 15cm from parallel joints in the layer beneath.
For the surfacing of existing roads the Engineer may direct the application of a tack coat to the
requirements of Section R8B to the surface on which laying is to take place.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Along forms, kerbs headers, walls or other places not accessible to the roller, the mixture shall be
thoroughly compacted with hot hand tampers or with mechanical tampers giving sufficient compression.
Each hand tamper shall weigh not less than 15 kg and shall have a tamping face area of no more than 30
cm2 skin patching of an area that had been rolled will not be permitted.
The compaction rate of each finished course shall be tested by bulk density (AASHTO T166) on core
samples or by nuclear method (ASTM D2950-74). The bulk density of the finished mixture shall not be
less than 97% of the laboratory bulk density of the mixture when compacted in Marshall moulds with 75
blows on each face. The bulk density of finished mixture for expressways, all bridges and their approaches
for a distance of 200 meters on each side, and all at grade intersections shall not be less than 98% of the
laboratory bulk density of the mixture when compacted in Marshall moulds with 75 blows on each face.
The deficient pavement shall be removed and replaced with satisfactory pavement by the Contractor at no
additional cost.
R9 12 WEATHER LIMITATION
The laying of asphalt courses shall be avoided as far as practicable during wet weather and shall be
suspended when free standing water is present on the surface. Asphalt concrete shall not be laid on any
surface which is frozen or covered with ice or snow and laying shall cease when the air temperature
reaches 5 oC on a falling thermometer. Laying shall not commence until the air temperature is at least 5oC
on a rising thermometer unless otherwise directed by the Engineer's Representative, and also if wet
weather threatens to be prolonged the manufacture and laying of asphalt concrete shall be suspended.
When the air temperature falls below 15 oC special precautions shall be taken in controlling the
temperature of the delivered material up to and including the period of compacting.
R9 13 THICKNESS, FINISH AND SURFACE REGULARITY

Smoothness of Pavement Course
After the completion of the final rolling, the smoothness of the course will be checked and any
irregularities that exceed the specified tolerances or that retain water on the surface shall be corrected by
removing the defective area as specified and replacing with new pavement without additional cost to the
Employer. The maximum tolerances of the cross-fall shall be ± 0.4 per cent.
Thickness of Pavement Course

Courses with thickness less than those specified will be acceptable provided the deficiency does not
exceed 3mm. Deficiencies between 3mm and 10mm will be acceptable, but account thereof will be taken
in the payment, see Clause R9 17. Any areas with a deficiency in thickness exceeding 10mm shall be cut
out and removed, and replaced by a satisfactory pavement without additional cost to the Employer.
Surface Conditions
The surfaces shall be uniformly coarse textured, impermeable and with well compacted joints and smooth
connection to existing pavements. Segregation will not be accepted. The pavement shall be stable and
without rutting, bleedings, cracking and surface disintegration.
Surface Levels of Pavement Courses

The surface levels of pavement courses shall be determined from the true pavement surface which shall be
the surface of the surface courses or calculated from the carriageway vertical profile and crossfalls as
shown on the Drawings. The vertical depth below the true pavement surface of any point on the
constructed surface of the formation or pavement courses shall be within the appropriate tolerances stated
in Table R9/6.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٧٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq
Asphalt Mix. Design
The surface level of the laid surface course at any point shall not deviate vertically from the true pavement
surface by more than ± 0.4mm. However, the combination of permitted tolerances in different pavement
levels shall not result in a reduction of the surface and binder course thickness by more than that specified
above in this Clause under "Thickness of Pavement Courses".
For checking compliance with Table R9/6 measurements of surface levels will be taken at point to be
selected by the Engineer's Representative at 15m centers longitudinally, 7.5m on transition curves, and at
2m centers transversely. At junctions the grid point spacing shall be as described in the Contract. In any
length of carriageway, compliance with the requirements of table R9/6 shall be regarded as met when not
more than one measurement in any ten exceeds the tolerances permitted in the Table, but this one
measurement shall not exceed the tolerance for the next course below the one being measured.
TABLE R9/6
TOLERANCES IN SURFACE LEVELS OF PAVEMENT COURSES
Tolerance
Surface Course ± 0.4mm
Binder Course ± 6mm
Base Course +8mm – 20mm
Sub-base +10mm – 20mm
Surface Regularity
The longitudinal regularity of the surfaces of surface courses and binder courses shall be within the
relevant tolerances stated in Table R9/7 within a distance of 300m.
TABLE R9/7
MAXIMUM PERMITTED NUMBER OF SURFACE IRREGULARITIES
Irregularity* 4.0 – 5.9 mm 6.0 – 10.0 mm

Course
Surface Course 20 2
Binder or base course 40 3
* An irregularity is a variation in the profile of the road surface as measured by the rolling straight edge.
No irregularity exceeding 10mm shall be permitted.
Compliance with Table R9/7 shall be tested by the rolling straight-edge, along any line or lines parallel to
the center line to the carriageway.
Carriageway shall be measured transversely for irregularities at points decided by the Engineer's
Representative by a 4 m long straight-edge placed at right angles to the center line of the road. The
maximum deviation of the pavement surface below the straight-edge shall not exceed 3mm.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
Rectification
Where any tolerances in Table R9/6 or R9.7 are exceeded, the Contractor shall determine the full extent of
the area which is out of tolerance and shall make good the surface of the pavement course or formation in
the manner described below.
Base Course and sub-bases

With coated macadam or asphalt concrete base courses the full depth of the top layer as laid shall be
removed and be replaced with fresh material laid and compacted to Specification. Any area so treated
shall be at least 5m long and the full width of the paving laid in one operation.
Alternatively for low areas in asphalt pavements the Contractor may make up with the material of the
layer immediately above the one being rectified, when the subsequent layer is laid.
Binder and Surface Courses

These shall have the full depth of the layer removed and replaced with fresh material laid and compacted
to specification.
Where the surface level of a binder course or surface courses is too high or too low the area rectified shall
be at least 5m long if binder course, or 15m long if surface course, and the full width of the paving laid in
one operation.
R9 14 SAMPLING
(1) Sampling: The sampling shall be carried out as follows under the Engineer's Representative's
control and supervision at the Contractor's expense.
(a) Samples from plant: Samples of the plant mixtures will be taken in accordance with AASHTO
T168 and tested as frequently as deemed necessary to determine if grading, asphalt content and all
mixing conditions conform to the job-mix formula requirements.
The size or weight of the samples taken from the plant shall be as directed by the Engineer's
representative, but there shall be a minimum of one sample for every day's run from each mixing
plant.
(b) Samples from Roadway: Suitably sized samples in accordance with AASHTO T168 for the
determination of the compaction rate (density) of the completed pavement shall be cut from the
finished work by the Contractor at his expense as often as deemed necessary by the Engineer's
representative, but not less than two samples for each day's run. In addition, samples shall be taken
whenever a substantial change is made in the job-mix formula. Where samples have been taken,
new material shall be placed and compacted satisfactorily by rolling or tamping.
The size of sample shall be governed by the maximum size of particle of mineral aggregate in the
mixture, but not less than 30 x 30 cm (900cm2). The samples from the Pavement may also be taken
by core drilling at a minimum diameter of 10cm.
(c) Identification of Samples: Each sample shall be accompanied by a description giving the following
information:
(1) Source of sample, name of owner or operator of plant, location of construction site with
highway number and name and kilometer reference.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
(2) Location of the point at which the sample was taken, the number of the car from which
sampled, the point on the roadway measured transversely from the centerline in centimeters
and on which side of the road.
(3) By whom sampled and date of sampling.
(4) By whom and to whom submitted with addresses.
R9 15 TESTING
Aggregates, bitumen and asphalt concrete mixtures shall be tested as frequently as deemed necessary by
the Engineer's representative to check compliance with Clause R9 02 Materials. Clause R9 03
Composition of Mixture and Clause R9 04 Job-Mix Formula. Samples of the plant mixtures shall be taken
at the plant and/or on the working site as specified to determine if the mixtures conform to the j ob-mix
formula requirements and all temperatures shall be checked.
Some quantitative testing (like asphalt content) may be affected by the age of the material tested, with
older samples tending to yield slightly lower asphalt content. Best quantitative results are obtained when
the tests are made on mixtures and pavements shortly after their preparation.
R9 16 MEASUREMENT
The unit of measurement for payment shall be the square meters of the completed and accepted pavement
for both binder course and surface course. The number of square meters of the completed asphalt
pavements shall be determined by the length measured along the center line and upon the surface of the
road, multiplied by the width as shown on the Drawings, plus the areas of any slip roads, widening, splays
and intersections, authorized and measured separately.
R9 17 PAYMENT
The square meters of completed and accepted pavement for the various thickness as called for in the Bill
of Quantities, measured as specified in Clause R9 16, will be paid for at the contract price.
No additional payment will be made for any thickness of pavement in excess of the thickness specified in
the Bill of Quantities or shown on the Drawings. Payment for pavements with a deficiency in thickness
between 3mm and 10mm will be adjusted by multiplying by the square of the ratio of the actual and
specified thickness.
Average thickness for one kilometer section is to be used. The number of cores for measuring of thickness
depends on the variation in the measurements, but should not be less than two cores per kilometer per
carriageway.
The actual thickness of any layer is to be increased by any surplus in the thickness of the upper layers.
Such payment and/or payments shall constitute full compensation for preparing the surface of the road
base, furnishing all materials, equipment, plant and tools, handling, mixing, spreading, finishing,
compacting, rolling, final finishing and testing, correcting unsatisfactory areas and all labour and
incidentals necessary to complete the work required by this Section of the Specification.
Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Asphalt Mix. Design
‫ن‬‫وة‬‫ر‬ ‫وى‬‫م‬
1- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) as Mentioned during procedure
Especially (E) part.
2- American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)-
Testing Books as Mentioned during procedure.
3- General Specifications for Roads and Bridges (SORB R 9 )
4- Asphalt Institute ( AI )
5- Asphalt Pavement Engineering by Martin (Chapter 4 & 5 )
6- (‫ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت اﻟﻄﺮق )اﻻدارة اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ و ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺎھﺞ‬
*************************************************************************************************************
/ 
‫ر‬‫ و‬ ‫و‬ ... ‫ورةوة‬‫اى ط‬  ‫وا‬ ‫رةدا‬َ‫ ر‬ َ ‫ك‬‫ و درو‬‫ر را‬ َ‫ دا دة‬
.‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫اى‬ . ‫ام‬ ‫وة‬ ‫م‬‫واو‬‫م‬
‫ر‬‫از‬‫م‬
‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫رى ا‬
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Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq


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Asphalt Mix.

Resistance to thermal cracking

Resistance to moisture damage

Provide skid resistance

:‫وام‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫م‬‫وة‬‫م‬   ‫م‬‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬َ‫رة ر‬ ‫ دوو‬.٢

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

 ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫ط‬ ‫م‬‫ دةم‬ ‫ك‬‫ط‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

‫وت‬‫ م‬‫و‬ ‫ى‬‫رط‬ ‫و‬ ‫ةى‬َ

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

‫وة‬‫م‬ ‫ى‬‫ام‬ Flexibility 

‫دن‬  ‫وى‬َ ‫ى‬َ‫و‬ Job Mix Formula (JMF) 

(‫دن‬  ‫ى‬‫ام‬) Workability 

(‫رد )ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫ى‬ Specific Gravity of Combine Aggregate 

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

TABLE R9/5 (PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES)

TABLE R9/3 (ASPHALT MIXTURE GRADINGS)

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

- Ductility at 25 oC, 5 cm/min (cm) >25 >40 >50

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

.‫ن‬‫وم‬ ‫ وةرط‬‫م‬ :  ‫ى‬‫ط‬

(‫رة‬ ‫م‬‫م‬)  ‫وى‬‫م‬

(‫م‬‫رة‬  ‫دم‬ َ ‫ن و‬‫م‬) ‫وى دووة‬‫م‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

  (١٩-١٢)‫ط‬ ‫* وةرط‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

(‫ت‬)‫ن‬‫ادة‬ ‫وةى‬‫ام‬‫ةى ط‬َ ‫ را‬ ‫رةت‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

‫رط‬  ‫دن‬ ‫ن‬ َ   ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬

 ‫وى‬‫ا‬‫ ط‬َ  ‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬

‫رط‬   ‫وم‬ ‫وةرط‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

‫ن‬َ  ‫ن‬‫ادة‬   ‫وةى‬‫ دؤز‬: ‫ى دووة‬‫ط‬

:  ‫ت‬ ‫م‬  

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٨ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

(‫ش‬‫ار‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ام‬َ ‫ش‬) ‫ى دة‬ Splitters (Riffle Box)

(  ‫ر‬‫را‬ ‫ى‬‫وم‬ ‫ دوو‬‫)وةرط‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ١٩ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Riffle Box ‫ى‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬ ‫دارى‬

(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٠ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ار‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢١ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

‫وةى دة دة‬ ‫رة‬ ‫دن‬ َ ‫ن‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٢ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٣ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

Table-2d Filler Graduation

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٤ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

: َ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ ز‬

.‫ون‬َ‫م‬‫ر‬ ‫ارةوة‬ ‫م‬   ‫ن دةر‬ (A.B&C) ‫م‬ /َ

b- Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) = B / (B-C)

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٥ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬

(Splitters )‫ر‬‫ى دا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ار‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ دوو‬‫دم‬

  َ‫ وةرط‬َ‫( دة‬seive no.200) ‫ى‬‫وة‬  ‫وةى‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٦ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

 ‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫وةى‬

‫و‬  َ‫ا‬ ‫َ م‬‫ت ودة‬ ٢٤ ‫وةى‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫دام‬

Prepared By Engineer: Aree I. Ezzat ٢٧ 2008 Hawler .Iraq

(‫رة رووى دةرةوة وو‬  ‫)وا‬َ‫دة‬

‫و دة‬ ‫و‬‫م‬   َ