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Los síntomas principales son fiebre, tos y dificultad para respirar. Sin embargo, en
de síntomas) está entre dos y catorce días, aunque la gran mayoría los desarrolla
entre 5 y 7 días.
METODOS DE CONTAGIO
Tales «gotículas» pueden ser inhaladas directamente por el cercano contacto con
una persona infectada —una cercanía calculada de un metro o menos de distancia
—, pero el virus también puede ser adquirido al tocarse los ojos, la nariz o la boca
luego de haber tenido contacto con superficies u objetos contaminados por
aquellas.
PREVENCIÓN
Hasta la fecha no se dispone de vacuna alguna ni de tratamiento específico para
combatir la infección por coronavirus.
Mantener una higiene básica es la forma más eficaz de evitar contraer este virus en los
lugares en los que existe un mayor riesgo de transmisión, fundamentalmente las zonas
en las que se han registrado casos. Es conveniente lavarse las manos con frecuencia
y evitar el contacto con personas ya infectadas, protegiendo especialmente ojos, nariz
y boca. A las personas infectadas (o que crean que pueden estarlo) se les aconseja el
uso de mascarillas y usar pañuelos para cubrirse la nariz y la boca cuando se tose o se
estornuda.
Las personas infectadas por el virus que causa el COVID-19 deben guardar
cuarentena desde el diagnóstico de la enfermedad hasta 15 días después de ser
dadas de alta. Así lo aconseja la OMS porque se ha observado que, aunque ya estén
recuperadas, pueden seguir transmitiendo la infección.
La población general sana no necesita utilizar mascarillas, ya que ayudan a prevenir la
transmisión del virus si las llevan las personas que están enfermas. El Ministerio de
Sanidad advierte de que un uso inadecuado de mascarillas puede contribuir al
desabastecimiento en aquellas situaciones para las que están indicadas
Las medidas preventivas deben seguirlas especialmente aquellas personas que
padezcan diabetes, insuficiencia renal, neumopatía crónica o inmunodepresión, ya que
tienen más riesgo de padecer enfermedad grave en caso de infección por coronavirus.
ORIGIN OF THE CORONAVIRUS
Three of them, including the most recently identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan,
the 2019-nCoV --or SARS-CoV-2--, evolved until they were transmitted from
animals to humans and caused respiratory infections of varying severity in these
early century XXI: Middle East and severe acute respiratory syndromes - or SARS
and MERS, respectively - and covid-19 - an acronym for 'coronavirus disease
2019', or 'coronavirus disease 2019'
The main symptoms are fever, cough and shortness of breath. However, in a small
percentage of patients, the first symptoms may be diarrhea, nausea, or headache.
The WHO has estimated that the incubation period (between infection and the
appearance of symptoms) is between two and fourteen days, although the vast
majority develop between 5 and 7 days.
CONTAGIOUS METHODS
It consists of its entry into the body of an uninfected person through the tiny drops
expelled from the nose or mouth by another infected by coughing, sneezing or
exhaling. Such "droplets" can be directly inhaled by close contact with an infected
person — a calculated closeness of a meter or less in distance — but the virus can
also be acquired by touching the eyes, nose, or
the mouth after having had contact with surfaces or objects contaminated by them.
The length of time the virus survives on these surfaces and objects has also not
been accurately determined, but it appears to vary from a few hours to several
days depending on environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and
even the type of surface
the mouth after having had contact with surfaces or objects contaminated by them.
The length of time the virus survives on these surfaces and objects has also not
been accurately determined, but it appears to vary from a few hours to several
days depending on environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and
even the type of surface
PREVENTION
Maintaining basic hygiene is the most effective way to avoid contracting this virus
in places where there is a higher risk of transmission, mainly in areas where cases
have been reported. It is advisable to wash your hands frequently and avoid
contact with people who are already infected, especially protecting your eyes, nose
and mouth. People infected (or who think they may be) are advised to wear face
masks and to use handkerchiefs to cover their nose and mouth when coughing or
sneezing.
People infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 should be quarantined from
the time the disease is diagnosed until 15 days after discharge. This is
recommended by the WHO because it has been observed that, even if they are
already recovered, they can still transmit the infection.
The healthy general population does not need to wear masks, as they help prevent
the transmission of the virus if they are worn by people who are sick. The Ministry
of Health warns that an inappropriate use of masks can contribute to shortages in
those situations for which they are indicated Preventive measures should be
followed especially by those with diabetes, kidney failure, chronic lung disease, or
immunosuppression, as they are at increased risk of severe disease in case of
coronavirus infection.