World History To The Renaissance Sem 1 PDF

1.1.
1 Study: Reading and Writing about History Study Guide

World History to the Renaissance Sem 1 Name:
Date:
1. What is the most important rule in online learning?
2. What is a primary source?
3. Give examples of primary sources.
4. What is a secondary source?
5. Give examples of secondary sources.
6. What is the thesis of an essay?
1.1.1 Study: Reading and Writing about History 1/4

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7. What are the three main parts of an essay?
8. What is a DBQ?
9. When you have a teacher-scored test, you may find the following writing table
helpful. This table is used for writing essays. It will help you organize your
thoughts before you begin writing. In the table, you can write down the ideas you
want to include in your essay without worrying about using proper grammar or
complete sentences. Familiarize yourself with the table below.
If you need an organizing table, use this to help you pre-write and organize your
essay.

Paragraph 1 – Introduction (three to four sentences)
In this paragraph, you will introduce the topic and state your thesis or main
idea in the last sentence of the paragraph.
Paragraph 2 — Body (five to 10 sentences)

In this paragraph, you get down to specifics and prove your points with
concrete details. Give examples to make your points.

Paragraph 3 — Conclusion (three to four sentences)
Sum up the essay, but first repeat or paraphrase your main idea.
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1.1.2 Study: Prehistory Study Guide
Date:
1. The time before writing is known as the era, which ended about
years ago.
2. study the distant past by looking at , which are

objects made or modified by human culture, or , which is the
chemical building block of all living things.
3. How do anthropologists help us learn about the distant past?
4. In the table below, list at least three things anthropologists and archaeologists
study.
Anthropologists Archaeologists
5. Most archaeological work is done through .
1.1.2 Study: Prehistory 1/2

6. Why do you think archaeologists create grids? Why are they important?
7. What other tools might archaeologists use?
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1.1.2 Study: Prehistory 2/2

1.1.4 Study: Where Did the Earliest Humans Live? Study Guide
Date:
1. The prehistoric era is also called the Age.
2. List the periods of the Stone Age.
3. Modern humans and their more apelike ancestors are called .
4. Describe the branch of direct ancestors to modern humans.
5. The Paleolithic period started about years ago and ended about
years ago.
6. Humans and their most recent ancestors are called .
1.1.4 Study: Where Did the Earliest Humans Live? 1/3

7. What were Neanderthals and where did they live?
8. Cro-Magnons were classified as , and were known

for their spectacular .
9. How did early Homo sapiens such as Cro-Magnons compare with humans of
today?
10. The tools of hunter-gatherers were made of .
11. What is carbon dating?

12. Where and when did the first humans originate?
13. In which direction did humans first migrate?
14. Hunter-gatherer groups crossed the Bering Strait around the year
.
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1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations Study Guide
Date:
1. What were the characteristics of hunter-gatherer societies?
2. How did the Neolithic Revolution change human societies?
3. In what region did the Neolithic Revolution begin?
4. What physical or geographic characteristics did all the first civilizations have in
common?
5. Why do you think that all the first civilizations appeared in this sort of location?
1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations 1/4

6. is when water is supplied to land by artificial means, such as
man-made canals.
7. How did irrigation affect societies?
8. How did population growth change society?
9. A is a highly organized society marked by advanced knowledge

and often written language.
10. What is economic specialization and why did it become more common after
people began living in civilizations?

11. is the way of life of a society that is handed down over
generations.
12. What technological advances made the transition from agricultural societies
to civilizations possible?
13. How was stratification related to economic specialization?
14. What were early religions based on?
15. Write a paragraph summarizing the origins of humanity and the formation of
the first civilizations.

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1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent Study Guide
Date:
1. A group that moves from place to place in search of food is referred to as

.
2. Humans first started farming and herding in the Fertile Crescent around
.
3. How did the Fertile Crescent's geography affect the emergence of civilization in
Mesopotamia?
4. Name five Sumerian technological advances.
5. was the world's first civilization.
1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent 1/4

6. How were levees useful in Sumer?
7. What was irrigation for?
8. Describe a city-state society.
9. How were civilizations more advanced than city-states?
10. A long poem that tells the deeds of a hero is a(n) .

11. Briefly describe the epic tale of Gilgamesh.
12. People who believe in more than one god are .
13. Describe the religion of Sumerians.
14. Who had authority in Sumerian city-states?
15. Temples in Sumer were called .
16. What might the image of Inanna tell you about women’s roles in Sumerian
society?

17. How might economic specialization have increased the making of statues
and other works of art?
18. The development of cities and civilizations led to stratification, or class

differences. How might life have been different for female slaves, women from
poorer farming families, and those from wealthier families?
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1.2.2 Study: Rise and Fall of Babylon Study Guide
Date:
1. How did Sargon contribute to the rise of empires?
2. When a government controls a large territory, usually consisting of a variety of

different peoples, it is often called a(n) .
3. The group of people that helps run a government is called the .
4. How did Hammurabi use bureaucracy?
5. Describe the Babylonians' legal system.
1.2.2 Study: Rise and Fall of Babylon 1/3

6. How did the Babylonian Empire fall?
7. What military advances are the Assyrians known for?
8. What led to the formation of the Second Babylonian Empire?
9. Who was Nebuchadnezzar?
10. was the most important Babylonian god. The Tower of Babel
was built for him.
11. What were the main similarities and differences between Sumerian and
Babylonian civilizations?

Sumerian only Both civilizations Babylonian only
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1.2.3 Study: The Persian Empire Study Guide
Date:
1. Why did people invade the Fertile Crescent?
2. How did the Persian empire begin and how did it end?
3. The Persian empire began in and ended in .
4. What was the Royal Road?
5. Describe the Persians' attributes as rulers.
1.2.3 Study: The Persian Empire 1/2

6. Describe the structure of the Persian empire's governments.
7. Describe the fundamental ideas of Zoroastrianism.
8. How was Zoroastrianism different from other religions of the time?
9. Zoroastrianism influenced and .
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1.3.1 Study: The Birth of Hebrew Civilization Study Guide
Date:
Section 1: The Phoenicians
1. The Phoenician homeland was where is now located.
2. A is a cloth manufactured by knitting or weaving.
3. The Phoenicians traded mostly throughout the Sea.
4. What were the Phoenicians best known for?
5. What brought down the Phoenicians?
6. What did the Phoenicians contribute to shipping technology?
7. The Phoenician alphabet did not include .
8. Why was the Phoenician alphabet easier to use than previous alphabets?
1.3.1 Study: The Birth of Hebrew Civilization 1/3

Section 2: The Birth of Hebrew Civilization
9. The Hebrew religion is called . Its main religious text is

, and its God is .
10. The of the Hebrew people is Abraham, who was born in
.
11. Take notes about Judaism in the table below.
Monotheism
The
covenant
The Chosen
People
Prophets
12. A is an object of religious veneration.
13. List ways that the Hebrew religion was unique compared to other religions
of the time.

14. The most important Mosaic laws are
.
15. How do you think Hebrew law has changed society?
16. What role does the Hebrews' covenant play in the Exodus story?
17. How does the Exodus story reinforce the Hebrews' role as a Chosen
People?
18. Abraham's descendants formed the religions of and

.
19. How were Persian and Hebrew religion similar?
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1.3.2 Study: Aegean and Mediterranean Civilizations Study Guide
Date:
1. was a famous Greek philosopher who wrote The Republic.
2. A is a traditional, usually ancient story dealing with supernatural

beings that acts as a worldview of a people.
3. What were megaliths and where were they?
4. The Minoan civilization began on the island of around the year
. The Mycenaean civilization began in the year and
was located .
5. Draw a rough map of the Mediterranean area, labeling the Aegean Sea, the
Mediterranean Sea, and the locations of the megalith builders and Minoan and
Mycenaean civilizations.
1.3.2 Study: Aegean and Mediterranean Civilizations 1/3

6. The Minoans and Mycenaeans were the forerunners of
civilization.
7. The legendary ruler of Crete was .
8. Why do historians not know very much about the Minoans and Mycenaeans?
9. Contrast the Minoans' and Mycenaeans' attitudes toward war.
10. How were the Minoans and Mycenaeans different in terms of art?
11. A is a painting technique where water-based paints are applied

to wet plaster. These paintings are very durable and have vivid colors.

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1.3.3 Study: Northern European Settlements Study Guide
Date:
1. In Europe, agricultural societies first formed near

around the year .
2. How did Europe begin to have domesticated plants and animals?
3. Why did the same crops grow in both Europe and the Fertile Crescent?
4. Why did European societies have no need for irrigation systems?
5. How did the climate of Europe affect the growth of civilizations there?
6. The first megaliths were built in what is now .
7. The most famous megalith formation is .
8. Why might most megalithic sites be located near the oceans?
1.3.3 Study: Northern European Settlements 1/2

9. How do you think domestication of agriculture contributed to the building of
the megaliths?
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1.3.3 Study: Northern European Settlements 2/2

1.4.1 Study: Geography of the Nile Study Guide
Date:
1. Humans started living along the banks of the Nile River in the year
.
2. How did farmers make use of the fact that the Nile River flooded every year?
3. Describe the Egyptian calendar.
4. Egyptians made paper, boats, and rope out of .
5. What geographic features are located on either side of the Nile Valley? How did
they affect life in Egypt?
1.4.1 Study: Geography of the Nile 1/2

6. What did Egyptians do to encourage the Nile to bless them?
7. How did geographic features of the Nile River valley affect the development of
ancient Egypt?
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1.4.2 Study: The Pharaohs Study Guide
Date:
1. List the social classes in ancient Egypt. Put the highest classes at the top.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2. How were pharaohs viewed in ancient Egypt? What were their powers?
3. How was the next pharaoh chosen?
4. A line of rulers who belong to the same family is called a .
5. Fill in this chart to help you remember the Egyptian kingdoms.
1.4.2 Study: The Pharaohs 1/2

Era Interesting facts
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom
6. Complete this table to help you remember the pharaohs.
Pharaoh Interesting facts
Hor-Aha
Khufu
Akhenaten
Tutankhamen
Ramses III
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1.4.3 Study: Egyptian Creativity Study Guide
Date:
1. Describe Egyptian attitudes toward the afterlife.
2. What was the purpose of pyramids?
3. Why did Egyptians perform mummification?
4. Pyramid construction was performed mostly by and

.
5. Describe the two ancient Egyptian forms of written language.
1.4.3 Study: Egyptian Creativity 1/3

6. What was the Rosetta Stone used for?
7. Describe the scientific and technological advances made by ancient Egyptians.
8. How did Egyptian art change over time?
9. Compare Egyptian art to art today. How were rulers, both male and female,
shown then? How are they shown now? What similarities do you see?

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2.1.1 Study: Rise and Achievement of Nubia Study Guide
Date:
1. Two other names for the kingdom of Nubia are the dynasty or
dynasty.
2. Nubian civilization began around the year BC along the Nile
River, west of Egypt.
3. When and why did the Egyptian and Nubian civilizations merge?
4. How did Egypt depend on Nubia?
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2.1.2 Study: The Bantu Expansion Study Guide
Date:
1. Who were the Bantu?
2. Where did the Bantu come from and where did they go?
3. Why is iron more useful than copper?
4. What do you need to make iron tools?
5. What evidence would you use to determine if the Bantu migration was fast or
slow?
2.1.2 Study: The Bantu Expansion 1/3

6. One common definition says history is the study of written events while
archaeology is the study of evidence in the absence of writing. Is studying the
Bantu history or archaeology?
7. Think about something you have seen other people throw away. What could
you learn about them from that object?
8. Think about the accents you hear in your family and neighborhood. Think
about the accents you hear on TV or on the radio. Do the people in national media
talk the way the people around you talk?

9. Do you, your family, your friends, or your school have any oral traditions?
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2.2.1 Study: Geography of the Indus Valley Civilizations Study Guide
Date:
1. In what ways was the Indus Valley civilization very practical?
2. The main cities in the Indus valley were and
.
3. What is a monsoon?
4. The main river in the Indus valley was the River, which was fed
by water from .
5. How was the geography of the Indus valley similar to that of Mesopotamia?
6. Describe the city of Harappa.
2.2.1 Study: Geography of the Indus Valley Civilizations 1/2

7. Name two factors that led to the decline of the Indus Valley civilization.
8. Fill in these two columns to help you remember the similarities and differences
between the Indus valley peoples and the other cultures of the time.
Similarities Differences

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2.2.2 Study: The Rise of the Aryan Civilization Study Guide
Date:
1. A society with an economy based on herding domesticated animals is called a

society.
2. Describe the Aryans when they arrived in the Indian subcontinent.
3. The Aryans started in and spread to India from

there. They spoke the language, which formed the basis for
Persian and almost all European languages.
4. Aryans settled in the upper Indus River valley by the year and
later spread to the River.
5. A class in Aryan civilization was called a .
6. Describe each part of the caste system in the table below.
Varna Description
Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Sudras
2.2.2 Study: The Rise of the Aryan Civilization 1/2

7. A society is one in which the men have most of the authority in
government and family.
8. How would the caste system affect your life if you were part of the Aryan
civilization?
9. What was the most important distinction in the caste system?
10. In what way was Vedic religion practical?
11. The Aryans had a spoken holy language called , which evolved
into a written language.
12. The Aryans' religious texts were the .
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2.2.3 Study: Religious Contributions of the Vedic Age Study Guide
Date:
1. How was Vedic religion practical?
2. How did Aryan religion change over time?
3. In Hymn XXXII to Indra, what does the hymn suggest about the role of violence
in Aryan society?
4. Given the evidence from Hymn XXXII to Indra, which of the civilizations that
you have studied thus far do you think is most similar to the Aryans? Which do
you think is least similar?
2.2.3 Study: Religious Contributions of the Vedic Age 1/2

5. What are some of the details of Aryan society mentioned in the Hymn to
Purush?
6. How does the Hymn to Purush say the different varnas came into being?
7. In the Hymn to Purush, what are some of the similarities and differences
between this creation myth and the myths of other civilizations you have studied
thus far?
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2.3.1 Study: Geography of Early Chinese Civilizations Study Guide
Date:
1. A sequence of rulers descended from the same family is called a

.
2. The first Chinese dynasty was the dynasty.
3. Why did the people of the Yellow River valley remain isolated until the 1800s?
4. Make a quick sketch of the area surrounding the Middle Kingdom. Be sure to
include important mountains, deserts, and rivers.
2.3.1 Study: Geography of Early Chinese Civilizations 1/2

5. What did Yu do to become the emperor of China's first dynasty?
6. The powdery, fertile soil that gives the Yellow River its name is called
.
7. Why did the Yellow River have such disastrous floods?
8. What was done to reduce the effects of the flooding of the Yellow River?
9. How was the Yellow River both a blessing and a curse to the early Chinese?
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2.3.2 Study: The Rise of the Shang Dynasty Study Guide
Date:
1. A is one who practices something, such as an occupation,

profession, or technique.
2. How were the people of the Shang dynasty similar to the Aryans?
3. Describe the Shang empire.
4. The Shang's system of government is known as , which involves

local lords who own their own land, but owe service to a greater lord.
5. The Shang dynasty began with the onset of the Age, and it used
weapons.
6. List the Shang society's social classes, from highest to lowest.
7. Fill in the table to remember key facts about Shang society.
2.3.2 Study: The Rise of the Shang Dynasty 1/2

Polytheism
Ancestors
Family
Emperor
Oracle
bones
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2.3.3 Study: The Rise of the Zhou Dynasty Study Guide
Date:
1. What led to the Zhou dynasty?
2. How was the Zhou government different from the Shang government?
3. The dynasty started the idea of the Mandate of Heaven.
4. What was the Mandate of Heaven?
5. How did the Mandate of Heaven lead to dynastic cycles?
2.3.3 Study: The Rise of the Zhou Dynasty 1/3

6. How did the Zhou dynasty use the Mandate of Heaven to explain its removal of
the Shang dynasty?
7. What led to the Warring States period? What ended it?
8. What important philosophers lived during the Warring States period and what
philosophies did their writings start?
9. An important export for the Chinese was , which was made with
the help of worms.
10. The Zhou replaced weapons with weapons.

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3.1.1 Study: Early History of Greek Civilizations Study Guide
Date:
1. It is thought that the Mycenaeans came into power by taking over the
.
2. What advanced weapons did the Mycenaeans use?
3. Mycenaeans came from a group that migrated from around the
year .
4. What were the key facts of the Trojan War? Was the Trojan War real, or a myth?
5. Describe the Greek religion.
6. The Greek Dark Age lasted from to .
7. The Iliad was about the War, and the Odyssey was about the
travels of the hero .
3.1.1 Study: Early History of Greek Civilizations 1/2

8. Homer's stories were passed down .
9. How were the gods represented in Homer's stories?
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3.1.2 Study: Athens Study Guide
Date:
1. A is an independent political state consisting of a city and the

surrounding areas. The ancient Greek word for this is .
2. A powerful landowner who shared some political, religious, and judicial

authority was called .
3. In ancient Greece, a ruler who gained power by force was called a

.
4. A small group that exercises political control is called .
5. were state-owned slaves in Sparta.
6. Sparta was formed in and was defined by its . It

survived until the .
7. What event led Sparta to become a militaristic society?
8. How were women treated in Sparta?
3.1.2 Study: Athens 1/3

9. Who led the Spartan government? What was the purpose of the Spartan
Council?
10. Why did the Spartans have two kings?
11. Why do you think many high school and college sports teams are called the
Spartans?
12. How was the government of Athens different from the government in Sparta?
13. Who was considered a citizen in Athens?

14. How did Solon affect democracy in Athens?
15. Sketch a timeline showing the development of democracy in Athens.
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3.1.3 Study: The Persian Wars Study Guide
Date:
1. A is a settlement of people outside their homeland, linked with

the parent land by trade and direct governmental control.
2. The Persian war lasted from to .
3. Who was being invaded during the Persian war? Who won?
4. Why was the Delian League founded?
5. What were the accomplishments of Pericles?
6. Take notes on these key ideas of Athenian democracy:
3.1.3 Study: The Persian Wars 1/2

The Council of
Five Hundred
The Assembly
Ostracism
Payment for
participation
Limiting
democracy
7. How were women treated in Athens?
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3.1.4 Study: The Peloponnesian Wars Study Guide
Date:
1. started the Peloponnesian war in the year . Athens

was defeated in .
2. What led to the Peloponnesian wars?
3. Why was Sparta unable to successfully besiege Athens?
4. What were Spartan and Athenian advantages in the war?
5. Why was Sparta ultimately able to defeat Athens?
6. How did Pericles define democracy?
3.1.4 Study: The Peloponnesian Wars 1/2

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3.2.1 Study: Cultural Legacies Study Guide
Date:
1. Philosophy is the pursuit of and .
2. How is philosophy not the same thing as religion?
3. How is philosophy not the same thing as science?
4. Describe the Socratic method.
5. Socrates was put on trial for political , which meant holding a
belief contrary to the government’s, and was given the death penalty.
6. What was Plato's vision of the ideal state and democracy, presented in The
Republic?
3.2.1 Study: Cultural Legacies 1/4

7. Aristotle placed more emphasis on than the philosophers before
him. He was a student of , who was a student of .
8. What do you think are the similarities and differences between the Parthenon
and Philip Johnson's Glass House?
9. Why do you think Philip Johnson considered the Parthenon an influence in his
modern architecture?
10. How were the Greek ideals shown in their artwork and architecture?
11. In ancient Greece, a play that mocked people or social customs was called a
.
12. How would you describe the dialogue in The Frogs?

13. In The Frogs, Xanthias and Dionysus make several comments about other
playwrights. Why do you think they do this?
14. What is a tragedy?
15. How do you think the Olympics in ancient Greece helped bring more peace to
the competing city-states?
16. Do you think the Olympics serves the same purposes today? How?

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3.2.2 Study: The Legacy of Alexander's Empire Study Guide
Date:
1. How did Philip change Greece when he took power?
2. Why couldn't Philip complete his plan of conquering Persia?
3. Where did Alexander first invade? Was he successful?
4. Alexander founded the city of in Egypt.
5. After conquering Persia, Alexander went into territory.
6. What did Alexander do to unite the Macedonian and Persian cultures?
7. Make a list of the major conquests of Alexander, in order, to help you remember
them.
3.2.2 Study: The Legacy of Alexander's Empire 1/3

8. Alexander founded up to new cities.
9. What was the city of Alexandria like?
10. What was special about the library at Alexandria?
11. Summarize Hellenistic advances in science in the chart below:
Astronomy
Physics
Medicine
Mathematics
12. screw was used for extracting water.

13. Describe the philosophy of Stoicism.
14. What led to the end of the Hellenistic Age?
15. What is the official end of the Hellenistic period?
16. In what ways did Hellenistic culture live on past the empire?
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3.3.1 Study: The Roman Republic Study Guide
Date:
1. Before the Romans ruled Italy, it was ruled by the , from around
the year until the Romans pushed them out in .
2. How did the geography of Italy contribute to the spread of the Roman Empire?
3. What is a republic and how is it different from a democracy?
4. How was the Roman Senate different from the United States Senate?
5. The people elected , such as consuls and censors.
3.3.1 Study: The Roman Republic 1/3

6. The Romans did not have a written , which is a plan of
government.
7. Lower class citizens were called , and upper class citizens were
.
8. In 494 BC, the seceded and demanded their own tribune to limit
the power of the Patricians.
9. Describe the average plebeian.
10. The Punic Wars were fought mainly for control of what?
11. How were peasants affected by the Punic Wars?

12. How did the Punic Wars affect slavery in Rome?
13. How did military service change over time in Rome?
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3.3.2 Study: The Rise of the Roman Empire Study Guide
Date:
1. How did Gaius Marius change the military?
2. How did Marius's changes to the military change Rome?
3. How did Julius Caesar come into power in Rome?
4. Caesar defeated and declared himself Rome’s dictator in

.
5. How was Caesar involved with Egypt?
6. Why did Brutus and his conspirators murder Julius Caesar?
3.3.2 Study: The Rise of the Roman Empire 1/4

7. A is one who claims to be able to predict the future.
8. Who was in the second triumvirate, and how did it form?
9. Summarize these emperors of Pax Romana:

Emperor Total years Notes
in power
Augustus
Caligula
Claudius
Nero
Hadrian
Marcus
Aurelius
10. What emperor ruled the Roman Empire when it was largest?

11. Why do you think the Roman Empire was able to continuously expand?
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3.3.4 Study: The Fall of the Roman Empire in the West Study Guide
Date:
1. A is land outside the city of Rome that was controlled by the
Roman government.
2. Pax Romana lasted from to .
3. What problems occurred following the death of Marcus Aurelius?
4. How did the attacks from the Goths and Persians push Rome to the brink of
disaster?
5. How did Diocletian help the Roman Empire rebound?
3.3.4 Study: The Fall of the Roman Empire in the West 1/3
6. How did Constantine change Rome?
7. Where did most of the invaders of the Roman Empire originate?
8. How did you think the Alps and other geographic features protected Rome but
left other parts of the empire vulnerable?
9. Summarize the causes of the fall of Rome in the chart below.
Military
Political
Religious
Economic
Social
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3.4.1 Study: Roman Words Study Guide
Date:
1. The Twelve Tables were made in the year .
2. How did Romans treat the people they conquered?
3. How was Roman law innovative?
4. Describe the meaning of civil law.
5. How is civil law different from common law?
6. was an artistic movement whose aim was to represent the world
as it is. is the practice of portraying things in an ideal form.
3.4.1 Study: Roman Words 1/2

7. How did Romans show the influence of Greek art?
8. A is a picture made from chips of colored stone or glass. The

Romans often used them for decoration.
9. What languages did Latin influence?
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3.4.1 Study: Roman Words 2/2

3.4.2 Study: Roman Buildings Study Guide
Date:
1. The , rather than the column, became the main feature of Roman
architecture.
2. Why was concrete especially useful for building?
3. What were the innovations of the Roman Pantheon?
4. were used for transporting water to cities from sources up to 57

miles away.
5. How did the Roman system of roads help the empire?
3.4.2 Study: Roman Buildings 1/3

6. What did the emperor see as the purpose of the public games?
7. The Coliseum opened in the year , was as tall as a

story building, and held people.
8. Who were the gladiators in Roman games?
9. How were animals used in gladiatorial contests?
10. How were babies treated in Rome?
11. In what area did women have the most responsibilities?

12. Who were slaves in Roman society?
13. Describe Roman eating habits.
14. What led to inflation in Rome?
15. Why do people blame the fall of Rome on Roman society?
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3.4.3 Study: Roman and Christian Religion Study Guide
Date:
1. In what way was Rome tolerant of religion?
2. How was Roman religion similar to Greek religion?
3. How was Judaism different from Roman religion?
4. Create a timeline summarizing key events in the relationship between Jewish

communities and Roman government.
3.4.3 Study: Roman and Christian Religion 1/3

5. Christianity was founded by , who, in his early life,
worked to teach .
6. Why did the Jews in Galilee reject Jesus?
7. are leaders or teachers of a new faith or movement.
8. Most books of the New Testament were written between and
.
9. The New Testament, in its current form, first appeared in the year
.

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3.4.4 Study: The Early Christian Church Study Guide
Date:
1. Most Jews rejected the idea that Jesus was their .
2. What was Paul the Apostle the first person to do for Christianity?
3. Jesus's original followers were called .
4. Why did poor people embrace Christianity?
5. Emperor ordered a large persecution of Christians in the year

. It was stopped about years later.
6. What was the purpose of the fish symbol in Christianity?
3.4.4 Study: The Early Christian Church 1/3

7. A is a person who suffers or dies for his or her beliefs.
8. What debate did the council at Nicaea decide?
9. Theodosius suppressed , or the belief in traditional polytheistic

religions.
10. An is a holy image of Christ, the Virgin Mary, or other figures.
11. The is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, but
did not recognize him.
12. A is a high-ranking church official with authority over a local

area.

13. How do you think people might have reacted to Augustine's confession?
14. How was Augustine converted to Christianity?
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3.5.1 Study: Muhammad and Islam Study Guide
Date:
1. A is a leader of an Arab family or village.
2. was the legendary founder of monotheistic religion.
3. Muhammad was born around the year in the town of

and went on to develop the religion of Islam.
4. is the religion practiced by Muslims.
5. How did Muhammad's new faith relate to previous religions?
6. Who did Muhammad believe he was?
7. Muhammad’s flight from Mecca to Medina in the year 622 is called his
.
8. What led to Muhammad's Hijra?
9. How did Muhammad take back Mecca?
3.5.1 Study: Muhammad and Islam 1/3

10. The lack of Islamic leadership after Muhammad’s death led to the struggle
between the and .
11. Overall, how did Muhammad change Arab religion?
12. List the Five Pillars of Islam:
13. The pilgrimage to Mecca is known as the .
14. What types of actions and beliefs are required by the Five Pillars?
15. The is based on Muhammad's speeches. They were collected

and edited by his followers after his death.

16. The Quran is divided into chapters called .
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3.5.2 Study: Islam Spreads Study Guide
Date:
1. A successor to Muhammad as a political and religious leader is called a

.
2. Where did Muslim territory reach during the rule of the Rightly Guided Caliphs?
3. After the Rightly Guided Caliphs came the dynasty, and then the
dynasty.
4. means defensive warfare, or a struggle in the way of God.
5. What did Abu Bakr do?
6. What areas of the Byzantine Empire did Muslim forces take?
7. What European regions did Muslims control? Where were they defeated?
3.5.2 Study: Islam Spreads 1/3

8. How did Muslims rule the lands they conquered?
9. The separation between Sunnis and Shiites started when

rebelled against the Umayyad dynasty.
10. Sunni Muslims accept as the true leaders of

Islam but Shiite Muslims accept .
11. How do Sunnis and Shiites differ in their views of imams?
12. How do Sunni and Shiite Islam differ in structure?
13. How were Sufis different from other Muslims?

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3.5.4 Study: Islamic Cultural Legacies Study Guide
Date:
1. is fancy or stylized writing.
2. How did Muslims use the architectural styles of other cultures?
3. A is a tall tower, often used as part of a mosque.
4. Why is one of the minarets at the mosque of Damascus called the "Minaret of
Jesus"?
5. Why were Muslim artists often forbidden to portray humans?
6. What were some of the major characteristics of Islamic art?
3.5.4 Study: Islamic Cultural Legacies 1/3

7. In what circumstances would Islamic artists represent humans?
8. What was the House of Wisdom?
9. An is an instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the

position of the stars.
10. Why did the Muslim world preserve ancient knowledge better than other
civilizations?
11. What were Ibn Sina's contributions to science?
12. Al-Khwazimi developed the mathematics of .
13. A is a Muslim official who climbs to the top of a minaret to call
Muslims to prayer.

14. The is a traditional form of dress worn by Muslim women.
15. Nomadic herders who lived outside the cities were called .
16. The is a collection of oral traditions about Muhammad's words

and deeds.
17.The Hadith and Quran determine the Islamic law that governed Muslim
communities, and together are called the .
18. Islamic laws say that women should not men, so many women
cover their entire bodies.
19. What is polygamy, and what was its role in Muslim society?
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4.2.1 Study: Hindu and Buddhist Beginnings Study Guide
Date:
1. The gods were the source of the gods of Hinduism.
2. The moved from Central Asia to India around 1500 BC.
3. is a series of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline.
4. How did Hinduism develop?
5. Who are the three major deities in Hinduism?
6. Fill in this chart of concepts from Hinduism.
4.2.1 Study: Hindu and Buddhist Beginnings 1/4

Term Description
Moksha
Karma
Dharma
7. In Hinduism, how does a person reach enlightenment?
8. The is an ancient religious epic of India, and includes the

Bhagavad Gita.
9. Describe how dharma and karma are related.
10. How is karma related to reincarnation?

11. Buddhism started around and was an outgrowth of
.
12. , also known as Buddha, the Enlightened One,

started Buddhism.
13. What is the middle path, and why did Siddhartha follow it?
14. Fill in this chart of the Four Noble Truths.
First Noble Truth
Second Noble Truth
Third Noble Truth
Fourth Noble Truth
15. The purpose of the Eightfold Path is to achieve and end
.

16. What was the Silk Road and how did it help the spread of Buddhism?
17. How were the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism different?
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4.2.2 Study: Maurya and Gupta Study Guide
Date:
1. The Maurya civilization began in BC when Chandragupta

Maurya expelled the , who were led by Alexander the Great.
2. How did the Maurya Empire change India?
3. Asoka spread while in power.
4. The Gupta Empire lasted from to around

.
5. What innovations took place during the Gupta period?
4.2.2 Study: Maurya and Gupta 1/2

6. What mathematical advances did Indians make during the Gupta period?
7. Describe the members of the varnas in this table:
Varna Members
Brahmin
Kshatriya
Vaishya
Sudra
Untouchables
8. Was it possible to move through the caste system? Explain.
9. The rigid caste system existed in India until the mid- century.
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4.2.2 Study: Maurya and Gupta 2/2

4.3.1 Study: New Movements in Chinese Thinking Study Guide
Date:
1. A system of ideas is called a .
2. What was the basic idea of Confucius's philosophy?
3. Confucius emphasized , which is respect for one’s

parents.
4. What are the five relationships Confucius outlined?
5. Confucius's teachings are recorded in .
6. How might your school benefit from Confucius's ideas?
4.3.1 Study: New Movements in Chinese Thinking 1/2

7. How would the rules for your class be structured if they were based on the
ideas that Confucius taught?
8. Who created Taoism and what led to its creation?
9. What is the Tao?
10. The way of Virtue is also known as the

.
11. To live according to the Tao, you must conduct your life without
.
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4.3.1 Study: New Movements in Chinese Thinking 2/2

4.3.2 Study: The Qin Dynasty Study Guide
Date:
1. The dynasty formed China's first great empire, and arose after
. Their leader took the
name , which means the first emperor.
2. What were accomplishments of the Qin dynasty's first emperor?
3. In what ways was Shi Huangdi an autocrat?
4. is the tomb of Shi Huangdi. It has 6,000 life-size soldiers made
out of terra cotta and is miles long.
5. The Qin empire built the Great Wall to a length of , but later
empires extended it to a length of .
6. What was the purpose of the Great Wall?
7. Why did the Qin dynasty collapse?
4.3.2 Study: The Qin Dynasty 1/2

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4.3.2 Study: The Qin Dynasty 2/2

4.3.3 Study: The Han Dynasty Study Guide
Date:
1. Liu Bang established the dynasty in the year .
2. How was Liu Bang's philosophy of rule different from Shi Huangdi's?
3. What role did the Han dynasty have in creating the Great Wall?
4. How did the Han government use merit to change civil service?
5. Is the Han government's civil service system similar to that of the United
States?
4.3.3 Study: The Han Dynasty 1/2

6. The Silk Road was long and allowed trade between China and
,
7. Why did use of the Silk Road decline? When was it revived?
8. The Han dynasty lasted more than years.
9. When and why did the Han dynasty fall?
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4.3.3 Study: The Han Dynasty 2/2


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1.1.

1 Study: Reading and Writing about History Study Guide

1. What is the most important rule in online learning?

2. What is a primary source?

3. Give examples of primary sources.

4. What is a secondary source?

5. Give examples of secondary sources.

6. What is the thesis of an essay?

1.1.1 Study: Reading and Writing about History 1/4

1.1.1 Study: Reading and Writing about History 2/4

Paragraph 2 — Body (ﬁve to 10 sentences)

1.1.1 Study: Reading and Writing about History 3/4

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1.1.1 Study: Reading and Writing about History 4/4

2. study the distant past by looking at , which are

3. How do anthropologists help us learn about the distant past?

5. Most archaeological work is done through .

1.1.2 Study: Prehistory 1/2

7. What other tools might archaeologists use?

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1.1.2 Study: Prehistory 2/2

1. The prehistoric era is also called the Age.

2. List the periods of the Stone Age.

4. Describe the branch of direct ancestors to modern humans.

6. Humans and their most recent ancestors are called .

1.1.4 Study: Where Did the Earliest Humans Live? 1/3

8. Cro-Magnons were classiﬁed as , and were known

10. The tools of hunter-gatherers were made of .

11. What is carbon dating?

1.1.4 Study: Where Did the Earliest Humans Live? 2/3

13. In which direction did humans ﬁrst migrate?

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1.1.4 Study: Where Did the Earliest Humans Live? 3/3

1. What were the characteristics of hunter-gatherer societies?

2. How did the Neolithic Revolution change human societies?

3. In what region did the Neolithic Revolution begin?

1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations 1/4

7. How did irrigation affect societies?

8. How did population growth change society?

9. A is a highly organized society marked by advanced knowledge

1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations 2/4

13. How was stratiﬁcation related to economic specialization?

14. What were early religions based on?

1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations 3/4

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1.1.5 Study: The Rise of Civilizations 4/4

1. A group that moves from place to place in search of food is referred to as

4. Name ﬁve Sumerian technological advances.

5. was the world's ﬁrst civilization.

1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent 1/4

7. What was irrigation for?

8. Describe a city-state society.

9. How were civilizations more advanced than city-states?

1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent 2/4

13. Describe the religion of Sumerians.

14. Who had authority in Sumerian city-states?

15. Temples in Sumer were called .

1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent 3/4

18. The development of cities and civilizations led to stratiﬁcation, or class

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1.2.1 Study: Early Civilization in the Fertile Crescent 4/4

1. How did Sargon contribute to the rise of empires?

2. When a government controls a large territory, usually consisting of a variety of