usg: cky iqLrdky;

vfHkeku dh gkj
;ksxsanzukFk 'kekZ ^v#.k*
fp=kkadu
Qt:n~nhu
ISBN 978-81-237-5936-4
igyk laLdj.k % 2010
vko`fÙk % 2019 ¼'kd 1941½
© ;ksxsanzukFk 'kekZ ^v#.k*
Abhiman ki Haar (Hindi)
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funs'kd] jk"Vªh; iqLrd U;kl] Hkkjr
usg: Hkou] 5 baLVhV~;w'kuy ,fj;k] Qst-II
olar dqat] ubZ fnYyh-110070 }kjk izdkf'kr
Website: www.nbtindia.gov.in
cgqr le; igys dh ckr gSA egkjkt uUn dk jkT;
FkkA jktk uUn ds egkea=kh 'kdVkj cgqr mnkj
LoHkko ds FksA lkjk jkT; egkea=kh 'kdVkj dh cqf)eÙkk
vkSj prqjkbZ dk yksgk ekurk FkkA
jktk uUn rks jkT; dk gj NksVk&cM+k fu.kZ;
vius dq'ky egkea=kh 'kdVkj dh lykg ls gh fy;k

3
djrs FksA lc egkea=kh dk eu ls lEeku djrs FksA egkea=kh tgka jkT; ds gj
ekeys esa xgjh igaqp j[krs Fks] ogha os xq.k'kkyh O;fDr;ksa dk cgqr vknj djrs FksA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj ds nks iq=k LFkwyHknz vkSj Jh;d FksA ;{k] ;{kfnUuk vkfn uke
dh lkr iqf=k;ka egkea=kh dh FkhaA ;s lkrksa iqf=k;ka rhoz Lej.k 'kfDr dh èkuh FkhaA
bZ'oj dk peRdkj Fkk fd fdlh Hkh O;fDr }kjk dgh xbZ ckr dks ,d iq=kh igyh
ckj lqudj daBLFk dj ysrh FkhA nwljh iq=kh fdlh ckr dks lqudj T;ksa dk R;ksa
nksgjk nsrh FkhA blh izdkj rhljh iq=kh rhu ckj] pkSFkh iq=kh pkj ckj rFkk blh
Dz$e ls lkroha iq=kh lkr ckj lqudj fdlh Hkh ckr dks oSlk gh nksgjk ldrh FkhA
jktk uUn ds njckj esa dfo oj#fp Hkh FksA os cM+s izfrHkk'kkyh dfo FksA mUgsa
jktk us izlUu gksdj ^dfo lezkV* dh mikfèk ns nh FkhA
dfo oj#fp fo}ku rks Fks gh] ysfdu vfHkekuh Hkh cgqr FksA vius dfoRo ds
?keaM esa os NksVs dfo;ksa dks tc pkgs] viekfur dj nsrs Fks ysfdu jktk uUn ds
Ñik&ik=k gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa dksbZ dqN dg ugha ikrk FkkA
lPpkbZ ;g Fkh fd egkea=kh 'kdVkj gh dfo oj#fp dh izfrHkk ns[kdj njckj
esa yk, FksA 'kdVkj og fnu ugha Hkwyrs] ftl fnu oj#fp us egkea=kh ds dgus ij
jktk uUn ds njckj esa igaqpdj vius cuk, ,d lkS vkB 'yksd lquk, FksA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj us lgt xq.kxzkgd gksus ds dkj.k dfo oj#fp dh Hkwfj&Hkwfj
iz'kalk Hkjs njckj esa dj nhA jktk uUn rks egkea=kh ij vVwV fo'okl j[krs FksA
ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd jktk uUn us izlUu gksdj dfo oj#fp dks ,d lkS vkB lksus
dh eqnzk,a nsdj jktdfo cuk fn;kA
oj#fp vfHkekuh rks Fks ghA xq.kxzkgd ea=kh dk midkj u ekudj] mYVs
?ke.Mh gks x,A mudks yxk fd eSa rks dfo;ksa dk fljekSj gwaA esjs jgrs fdlh dh
D;k etky fd jktk ds lkeus vkdj dfork lquk ldsA
vfHkekuh oj#fp ds eu esa ykyp tkx mBkA os ;g Hkwy x, fd jktk uUn
rks egkea=kh 'kdVkj }kjk dh xbZ oj#fp dh iz'kalk ds dkj.k izHkkfor gqvk FkkA

5
oj#fp us lkspk fd tks jktk ,d 'yksd ij ,d lksus dh eqnzk nsrk gS] mls D;ksa
u eSa izfrfnu ,d lkS vkB 'yksd lqukdj eqnzk,a ysrk jgwa\ ykyph dfo oj#fp ds
eu esa [kq'kh dh ygj nkSM+us yxhA
oj#fp izfrfnu jktk uUn dks ,d lkS vkB 'yksd lqukdj ,d lkS vkB Lo.kZ
eqnzk,a ysus yxkA njckj dk gj vkneh ;gh lksprk Fkk fd oj#fp dh rks fdLer
gh [kqy xbZ gSA mèkj dfo dk vfHkeku fnuksafnu vkSj c<+us yxk FkkA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj us ,d fnu vius eu esa lkspk fd eq>ls Hkkoqdrk esa cgqr
cM+h Hkwy gks xbZ gSA jktk uUn rks esjh lgt Hkko ls dh xbZ oj#fp dh iz'kalk dks
mldh izfrHkk dk izek.k le> dj jkst&jkst jktdks"k ls ,d lkS vkB Lo.kZ eqnzk,a
yqVkrs tk jgs gSaA 'kdVkj us fopkj fd;k fd jktdks"k ij rks iztk dk vfèkdkj
gksrk gSA jktdks"k ij gh rks jktk dk Hkfo"; fVdk gqvk gSA
eqlhcr ;gh Fkh fd vc fdl eqag ls jktk uUn dks egkea=kh crk,a fd dfo
oj#fp cgqr vfHkekuh vkSj ykyph gSa\
egkea=kh dbZ fnu rd lksprs jgs] lksprs jgsA
vuk;kl mUgsa ,d mik; lw> x;kA os jktk uUn ds jktegy esa igqaps vkSj
vknjiwoZd cksysµ^^egkjkt! vkidh mnkjrk dk iwjs jkT; esa Madk ct jgk gSA eSa
cgqr izlUu gaw ysfdu---A** egkea=kh chp esa gh #d x,A
^^ysfdu D;k\ egkea=kh 'kdVkj! vki #d D;ksa x,\** jktk uUn us mRlqdrkiwod Z
egkea=kh ls iwNkA
^^{kek djsa] egkjkt! dfo&lezkV oj#fp dks izfrfnu vki tks ,d lkS vkB
Lo.kZ eqnzk,a nsrs gSa] D;k og mfpr gS\** egkea=kh us dgk] rks jktk uUn cksy
iM+sµ^^okg] egkea=kh 'kdVkj! Lo;a gh rks vkius oj#fp dh iz'kalk dh FkhA gesa
Lo;a nsuk gksrk rks ge mls igys gh ns nsrsA dsoy vkids dkj.k ge mldk lEeku
djrs gSaA**
^^eSa èkU; gwa egkjkt! vkius esjh iz'kalk dk eku jD[kk gS] ysfdu egkjkt! vc

6
dfo oj#fp vkidks iqjkus 'yksd lqukrs gSaA** egkea=kh us jktk uUn dks crk;kA
jktk uUn cksyµ s ^^;fn ,slk gS rks vki dy njckj esa lcds lkeus izek.k ns nsa]
rc ge viuk fu.kZ; cny nsaxsA**
vxys fnu egkea=kh jkt&njckj esa viuh lkrkas iqf=k;ksa dks ys x,A dksbZ Hkh
egkea=kh dh ;kstuk ugha tku ldkA
jktk uUn njckj esa igaqpsA
dfo&lezkV oj#fp jktk dks jkst dh rjg vius 'yksd lqukus yxsA tSlh
vknr Fkh dfo oj#fp dh] mlh ds vuqlkj 'yksd lqukdj vfHkeku esa Hkjdj
mUgksaus fot;h dh rjg egkea=kh 'kdVkj dh vksj ns[kkA
egkea=kh [kM+s gq, vkSj gkFk tksM+dj cksysµ^^egkjkt dh t; gks! vkt
dfo&lezkV us tks 'yksd lquk,a gSa] os rks dbZ ckj lqus gq, iqjkus 'yksd gSa\
^^dkSu ew[kZ dgrk gS fd ;s 'yksd iqjkus gSaA eSa Hkjs njckj esa egkea=kh 'kdVkj
dks pqukSrh nsrk gwa fd os vius dFku dk izek.k nsa vU;Fkk egkjkt mUgsa nafMr
djsaA** csgn xqLls esa fryfeykrs vfHkekuh oj#fp us pqukSrh ns nhA
iwjs njckj eas lUukVk Nk x;kA
egkea=kh us [kM+s gksdj viuh igyh iq=kh dks ladsr fd;k] ^^D;k rqeus ;s igys
lqus gSa iq=kh\**
^^th gka! firkJh! vHkh tks 'yksd dfooj us lquk, gSa] os rks eSaus lqu jD[ks
gSaA** ;g dgdj iq=kh us 'yksd nksgjk fn,A rc egkea=kh us nwljh iq=kh ls Hkh ;gh
loky iwNkµ^^iq=kh! D;k rqeus Hkh dfoJs"B oj#fp }kjk lquk, x, 'yksdksa dks
igys lquk gS\** nwljh iq=kh us Hkh ^^th gka] firkJh** dgdj 'yksd nksgjk fn,A
egkea=kh 'kdVkj us Dz$e ls rhljh] pkSFkh] ikapoh] NBh vkSj lkroha iq=kh dks
cqykdj Hkjs njckj esa tc oj#fp ds 'yksd T;ksa ds R;ksa nksgjok fn,] rks jktk
uUn dfo&lezkV oj#fp ij Dz$q) gq,A jktk us oj#fp dks Lo.kZ eqnzk,a nsuh cUn
dj nhaA

9
 oj#fp dk vfHkeku fodjky Dz$ksèk esa cny x;kA vius m$ij midkj djus
okys egkea=kh dk midkj ekuus ds LFkku ij oj#fp us eu&gh eu jktk uUn vkSj
egkea=kh 'kdVkj dks etk p[kkus dk fu'p; dj fy;kA
vfHkeku vkneh dh cqf) [kjkc dj nsrk gSA oj#fp dk lkjk è;ku bl rjQ
yx x;k fd dSls tuekul ij viuk izHkko Mky dj jktk uUn vkSj egkea=kh
'kdVkj dks uhpk fn[kk;k tk,A
dfo oj#fp us vkf[kj ,d ;kstuk cuk gh MkyhA
izkr%dky oj#fp xaxk esa Luku djus x;k vkSj mlus ogka vk, iztktuksa dks
lquk&lqukdj ma$ps Loj esa xaxk ds chp esa dej rd ikuh esa [kM+s gksdj] xaxk&Lrqfr
ds 'yksd xkuk vkjEHk dj fn;kA
 èkhjs&èkhjs xaxk&Luku ds fy, vk, iztktuksa dh vPNh [kklh HkhM+ bdëh gks xbZA
oj#fp tksj&tksj ls xaxk dh Lrqfr djrk jgkA
rHkh fdukjs [kM+h HkhM+ us fofp=k utkjk ns[kkA Lrqfr lekIr gksrs gh xaxk ds
ty esa ls fudy dj ,d gkFk m$ij vk;kA iztktuksa us ns[kk fd ml gkFk ij ,d
lkS vkB Lo.kZ eqnzk,a jD[kh gqbZ gSaA oj#fp us ma$ps Loj esa xaxk dh ^t;* cksyrs gq,
os lkjh Lo.kZ eqnzk,a mBk yhaA
yksxksa us ns[kk fd Lo.kZ eqnzk,a mBkrs gh xaxk ds ty esa ls m$ij
mBk gkFk fQj ls xaxk ds Hkhrj pyk x;kA
fdukjs [kM+s yksxksa dks ;g n`'; ns[kdj cgqr
vfèkd vk'p;Z gqvkA rHkh oj#fp us yksxksa dks
lEcksfèkr djrs gq, ma$ps Loj esa dguk 'kq: fd;kµ^^nsf[k,] nsf[k, Hknziq#"kks!
jktk uUn Hkys gh esjh izfrHkk ls izlUu ugha gS ysfdu xaxk eS;k rks esjh HkfDr ls
cgqr izlUu gSaA nsf[k,] xaxk eS;k us vki lHkh ds lkeus izlUu gksdj eq>s ;s lkjh
Lo.kZ eqnzk,a Lo;a gh nh gSaA**
yksxksa us ^^xaxk eS;k dh t;** vkSj ^^xaxk eS;k ds HkDr dfo oj#fp dh t;**
dg&dg dj viuh [kq'kh izdV dhA
 ml HkhM+ esa pkykdh ls oj#fp us vius gh dqN vknfe;ksa dks 'kkfey dj fn;k
FkkA mUgksaus dqN iztktuksa dks mdlk;kµ^^Hkkb;ks! egkea=kh dfo lezkV oj#fp ls
tyrs gSa] pfy,] ge lc egkjkt uUn dks dfo oj#fp ds bl peRdkj dh [kcj
crk nsaA**
oj#fp ds vkneh vU; uxjokfl;ksa ds lkFk egkjkt uUn ds ikl igqapsA
lcus c<+k&p<+k dj dfo oj#fp ds }kjk Lrqfr djus ij Lo;a xaxk eS;k }kjk Lo.kZ
eqnzk,a vk'khokZn ds :i esa nsus dh ?kVuk jktk uUn dks crk nhA
jktk uUn vk'p;Z esa Mwc x,A mUgksaus rqjUr nwr dks Hkstdj egkea=kh 'kdVkj
dks cqyk;kA lkjh ckr crkdj jktk uUn us egkea=kh ds lkFk vxys fnu
izkr% Lo;a xaxk ds fdukjs tkdj oj#fp dh xaxk&HkfDr dk peRdkj
ns[kus dh bPNk izdV dhA egkea=kh us rqjUr viuh lgefr ns nhA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj ?kj ykSVs vkSj lkspus yxsA
'kke gksrs gh egkea=kh 'kdVkj us vius pkj fo'oLr
xqIrpjksa dks lkjh ckr dk jgL; tkuus dk
funsZ'k fn;kA
xqIrpj pqipki xaxk fdukjs [kM+s
gq, ,d fo'kky o`{k ij fNi dj cSB
x,A os ml LFkku ij utj xM+k, gq,
cSBs Fks] tgka ty esa [kM+s gksdj
oj#fp us xaxk dh Lrqfr dh
FkhA
vkèkh jkr gksus dks vkbZA lc
rjQ xgjk lUukVk FkkA
xqIrpjksa us lglk ns[kk fd dfo oj#fp
pksjksa dh rjg xaxk rV ij vk;kA dej

13
rd ty esa tkdj mlus xaxk ds ty esa dksbZ oLrq j[k nhA fQj ckgj vkdj pkjksa
rjQ cM+s è;ku ls ns[kk vkSj pqipki ykSV x;kA
vc egkea=kh ds xqIrpj isM+ ls mrjsA xaxk&ty esa gkFk Mkydj ns[kk rks ogka
ls ,d ;a=k mUgsa fey x;kA mlh ;a=k esa ,d gkFk cuk gqvk Fkk] ftlesa oj#fp [kqn
gh ,d lkS vkB eqnzk,a j[kdj ykSV x;k FkkA
xqIrpjksa us lkjh eqnzk,a mBk yha vkSj ;a=k dks mlh rjg xaxk ty esa j[kdj ykSV
vk,A egkea=kh dks xqIrpjksa us oj#fp dh lkjh pkykdh crkbZ vkSj mlds }kjk
jD[kh xbZ Lo.kZ eqnzk,a ns nhaA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj mlds ckn fuf'pUr gksdj vius 'k;ud{k esa lksus pys x,A
izkr%dky lsod us egkea=kh dks crk;k fd jktk uUn us 'kdVkj dks jktegy
esa cqyk;k gSA egkea=kh 'kdVkj izlUu eu ls egkjkt uUn ds jktegy esa igqap
x,A
jktk uUn egkea=kh ds lkFk xaxk&rV igqapsA
jktk uUn ds lkFk egkea=kh 'kdVkj vkSj gtkjksa iztktuksa dh HkhM+ xaxk rV ij
tek gks xbZA dfo oj#fp HkhM+ dks ns[k dj cgqr izlUu gq,A eu gh eu oj#fp
lksp jgs Fks fd vkt lcds lkeus jktk uUn esjs 'yksdksa dk peRdkj ns[kdj
vo'; izHkkfor gksaxsA
egkea=kh 'kdVkj pqi FksA eqLdku muds eq[k ij FkhA cgqr gh HkfDr Hkko ls
oj#fp ma$ps Loj esa xaxk dh Lrqfr ds 'yksd] dej rd ty esa [kM+s gksdj] i<+ jgs
FksA rV ij muds yksx ^oj#fp dh t;* dk mn~?kks"k dj jgs FksA
oj#fp dh xaxk&Lrqfr iwjh gks xbZA
xaxk&rV ij [kM+k tu&lewg lkal jksds gq, ty ds Hkhrj ls xaxk eS;k ds gkFk
fudyus dk n`'; ns[kus dks mRlqd FkkA
oj#fp us iSj ls ;a=k dk [kVdk nck fn;kA
xaxk ty esa ls gkFk rks ckgj vk;k] ysfdu ml gkFk esa Lo.kZ eqnzk,a rks Fkh gh

14
ughaA xaxk&rV ij [kM+h HkhM+ esa gypy ep xbZA ijs'kku ls oj#fp us fQj ls
[kVdk nck;k] fQj ls gkFk ckgj vk;k ysfdu fQj ls [kkyh gh FkkA
oj#fp yTtk ls flj >qdk, [kM+k lksp jgk FkkA
mlh le; egkea=kh 'kdVkj mBdj oj#fp ds ikl vkdj
cksysµ^^yhft,] dfooj! ;s yhft, viuh os ,d lkS vkB
Lo.kZ eqnzk,a] tks xaxk ekrk vkidks jkst nsrh gaSA vkt
xaxk eS;k ugha nsaxh] blfy, eq>ls xzg.k dhft,A**
egkea=kh us jktk uUn dks lkjh ckr crkbZA fQj
oj#fp ls cksys] ^^vfHkeku gh vkids vieku dk
dkj.k gS dfo oj#fpA lalkj dh vka[kksa esa dqN
fnu rd Hkys gh dksbZ èkwy >ksad ys] fdUrq lnk gh èkks[kk ugha fn;k tk ldrkA**
oj#fp yfTtr gqvkA iztktu dfo dks fèkDdkjus yxsA
egkea=kh us lcdks 'kkar djrs gq, dgkµ^^vkt ;gka ^vfHkeku dh gkj* gqbZ gSA
oj#fp rks mRÑ"V dfo gSa] cl vfHkeku vkSj Dz$ksèk ds dkj.k os HkVd x, FksA**
jktk uUn us egkea=kh ds dgus ij dfo oj#fp dks {kek dj fn;kA
}kjk eqfnzr