Anaco 06-04-2020

Student: Daniela Chafardet

C.I: 27.593.335
Section: E-01
Classroom: 07
Ing. Electricity
1st activity

Noun

The noun is possibly the most important grammatical part of a sentence. It is

the word that can be so much a person, an animal, a place or a thing. The
noun is the one that identifies, the important part of a sentence, for
example: "That person is smart" where <person> would be the noun.
Example:
• People: Pedro, Engineer, Mister
• places: school, hospital, home,
• things: boots, glasses, helmets, gloves
Exercise:
• This laser shoots a very powerful beam of light ,the yellow wire has to
enter the light blue port.

Classification of nouns
Common.
They name people, animals and objects by referring to their common
characteristics of the species or class without taking into account their
distinctive features or specifying their meaning:
Example:
 the voltage detectors
 A voltage detector
Exercises:
 The engineer saw the plans and had to make several modifications.
 The bulbs come in various sizes and models.
 The air conditioning uses a lot of electricity.
 The welding machine consumes a lot of electricity
 People have the right to have access to basic services, such as
electricity and water.

Own.
They name people, animals and objects with reference to their distinctive
features:
Example:
 Adrian, Carlos,Maria,Sandra
 Colombia, Italy, Spain, France,
Exercises:
 The engineer's name is Antonio.
 José likes to make repairs in his house.
 Córdoba is a city in Argentina, where engineering lives

Concrete.
They name what we can perceive with the senses (people, animals, material
objects):
Example:
  Lamp, gloves, tool
 Daniel,Josue, Alejandro

Exercises:
 One of the headlights of the car has burnt out and must be brought
with an electrician.

 There is no electricity or internet in the classroom yet, but the school

principal has warned that in a couple of weeks he will solve the
problem.

 The electricity poles go by at full speed.

 The electricity went out first thing in the morning.

Abstract.
They name concepts that we cannot perceive with the senses (immaterial
objects):
Example:
 Responsibility, friendship, respect

Exercises:

 We run out of energy after exercising so much.

 The refrigerator broke down last week due to a power failure.
 the light is one, but it can be pluralized in different bulbs or lights.
 The computer broke down last week due to a power failure.

Individuals
Name people, animals or singular objects.
Example:
 The circuit electric
 The lamp

Exercises:

 The engineer left an hour ago.

 The engineer jumped up.
 The engineer designed a complex blueprint.
 The engineer in charge of the work checked that all the analyzes of the
structure were correct

Collectives

Name people, animals or objects in the plural

Exercises:

 You received a high voltage (volt set) due to the electric shock.

 The farmhouse was without electricity.

 They have not yet installed public lighting (set of lights) in these
streets; so it is dangerous to walk around here at night.
 The engineer ate roast beef

Verb
Is a word that indicates the action, state of animation and events of nature.
Example:
 Modify, do, work, repair
Exercises:
 The cathedral was illuminated with thousands of electric lights.
 The electric motor works very well

Verb classification
Verb regular
A regular verb is a verb that has uniform conjugations, without modifying its
root, according to the time or way in which it is conjugated.
Example:
 walk, collect, buy
Exercises:
 We study to be engineers.
 Work (I'm going to start working on weekends)

Verb irregular

It is a verb that has particular or idiosyncratic conjugations according to

the time or way in which it is conjugated.

Example :

 Measure, View, Start, Agree

Exercises:

 (Daniel and Luisa were dancing when the light went out)
 And most interestingly ... the light went out.
Auxiliar verb
It is a verbal form specialized in providing grammatical information,
fundamentally, time, aspect and mode, but also person, number and voice.
Example:
 The engineer is working
 No, I don't have a car.

Exercises:
 Do you have a car?
 Cesar is mowing the lawn with an electric machine.
Preposition
Prepositions are invariable words that serve as a link between the different
parts of a sentence and introduce complements.
Example:
 A, ante, bajo, fits, with, against, from, during, in, between, towards,
until, through, for, by, except, according to, without, then, on, after,
via and versus.
Exercises:

 ¿What intensity of current flows through each resistance?

 ¿How could the ammeter needle be signaled for current flow?
Classification of prepositions

Prepositions of place
That precisely assign contents of place.
Example:
 On
 Under
 In
 Inside
  Outside
 In front of
 Behind
 Next to
 Between
 Among
 Across from
 Opposite
 Above
 Below
 Around
 On the right
 On the left
Exercise:
 There is no one who can try to understand, but there is someone who
can try. He wanted a place where he could rest, and a house where he
would have electricity, and a car with which he could run at 300 an
hour, but he has a place where he cannot rest, a house that does n
ot have electricity and a car that is broken
The red light on the traffic light is above the yellow and green light .

Prepositions of time
That locate a success in time
Example: To, with, of, from, in, by, on, at.
Excercises:
 In the afternoon, fix the light bulb
 During the week I get up at 7:30 am because I start working at 8:30
am.
Prepositions of mode
As its name says, the prepositions of mode refer to the way in which the
action expressed by the verb of a sentence is carried out.
Example: to, with, of, from, in, by, on, before,
Exercises:
 We have no record of any electricla failure in this area
 Engineers will complete project before March.
Adverb
It is a part of the sentence that complements a verb, an adjective, other
adverbs and even sentences.
Example:
 Adverbs express circumstances, such as mode, place, time, quantity,
affirmation, doubt, etc., answering questions such as when ?, where ?,
how ?, how ?, among others.

Exercises:

 I find it too expensive, the pliers

 work left me a little tired
Adverbs classification
Adverb of place
They are words that serve to indicate the place where some being or object is
found. And these can be.

Example:
 Forward, back, where, there, here, there, there, above, near, ahead,
behind, where, above, far, etc. ...

Exercises:
  The electric scissors is on the table
 I left my pliers there.
Adverb of doubt

They are those who in a sentence express doubt or insecurity of the subject
in relation to the action that takes place in the verb.
Example:
 Perhaps
 Same
 hopefully
 Possibly
 Probably
 Maybe
 Maybe.
 Surely

Exercises:

 Maybe you need a house that has electricity

 I hope the light comes later

Negation adverbs
As its name suggests, they are those adverbs that are used within the
sentence to negate a verb, a noun or another adverb.

Example:

Never
 No
  Never
 Neither
Exercises:
 Neither today we finish fixing the light bulbs
 I won't lend you my map
Adverb of quantity

Adverbs of quantity are those words in sentences that provide quantitative

information.
Example:
More, very, little, quite, much
 Those dielectric boots cost less than this.
 You have done very little today.
Affirmation adverb
An adverb of affirmation is one that affirms or confirms a fact.
Example: yes, also, true, certainly

Exercises

 I will undoubtedly go to your graduation.

 I if appreciate your effort.
Time adverb

They are invariable words that indicate, as its name indicates, time.
Example:
Yesterday, today, before, tomorrow.
 Tomorrow I will get up very early , to go to the plans
  Tomorrow I go to your house to check the light bulbs

Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of mode indicate how an action unfolds. They are generally placed
after the main verb or after the object's complement.
Example: right, wrong, slow, fast, fast, well, clearly, better, worse, kindly,
quickly
 The engineer makes the plans quickly
 In the dark, we fast forward after the power outage.

Article:
In both English and Spanish the article defined is used to refer to a specific
object.
Exercises:
 The engineers did not go to the company because they were sick.
 The gloves are for working with electricity
Item classification
Determined:
They are used when the name or noun to which we refer, is known.
Example: the - the - the – the
Exercises:
 the engineer
 the engineer

Neutral:
It is the article that lacks grammatical accidents.
Example: Well, the
  The engineer designs the plans well
 The bad thing is that there are no helmets

Indeterminates
They are used when the name or noun to which it refers is
unknown.
Example: a - a - some – some
Exercises:
 An electrician
 Some engineers
 A circuit

Contracts

It is when the article that is preceded by the prepositions

"to" and "of"

Example: to - of

 The engineer goes to work

 The engineer goes to, change the bulbs

Conjunction
They are an invariable part of a sentence, usually do not have an accent and
are defined as words or a set of words that are used to join two or more
elements of a sentence or two or more sentences.
Example :
 And, or, well, either, but, more, but, nevertheless, then, with what, so,
why, since, since, as long as, etc.
Exercises:
 Engineers designed and installed a community recreation area.
 There was no light or gas in the house due to the weather disaster.
Conjunctions classification
Coordinators

Copulative.
They introduce elements that simply add up.
For example: and, neither, that
Exercises:
 Has studied mathematics and engineering
 Don't leave without drawing the curtains, closing the windows, turning
off the light, and locking the key.
Adversative.
They introduce elements that contrast or oppose.
For example: but, although , however,more
Exercises:
 I wanted to send an email, but there was no power.

 This car doesn't consume a lot of gasoline; however, it requires

electrical energy.
Disjunctive.
They introduce alternatives.
For example: or , well, u, pray,
Exercises:
 The electrical installation may well have been designed correctly, it
may well fail in the future.
  Antonio and Pedro will be teachers or engineers.

Distributive

They distribute elements.

For example: well , this, that, far, near, already, this one,

Exercises :
 Engineers already made the designs
 The engineer is not feeling well
Explanatory.
They clarify concepts already expressed.
For example: that is, that is, I mean, this is
Exercises:
 He started working in Barcelona, that is, his whole family moved to this
city.

 I don't have time, what's more, I don't have a minute free.

Subordinates
Conditionals.
They establish a condition for compliance with what is stated in the main
clause.
For example: yes, no, unless, like, as
Exercises:
 If you turn off the light, you save energy.
  As long as you don't turn off the TV when you go to sleep, electricity
will be wasted all night.

Causal
They indicate the cause of what has been said.
For example: Given the, because, why, since
Exercises:

 We closed the curtains because the light did not allow us to see the
television well

 There is a failure in the service of the electric light because a light pole
fell due to the rain.

Consecutive or ilative.

They indicate the consequence of what has been expressed.

Example:
 So, then, so that, thus, therefore
Exercises:
 The television stayed on, so electricity was spent all night.

 There is no electric light; therefore, we will have to buy candles to light

the house.
Concessive.
They point to a difficulty that does not prevent the main action from
occurring.
For example: although, despite, even if
Exercises:
  Rogelio always wears dark glasses, even when there isn't even much
light.

 A lot of light is entering the rooms although the curtains are supposed
to be thick to prevent light from entering.

Finals.
They indicate the purpose or objective of what is expressed.
For example: for, for what, in order to
Exercises:
 Turn off the light so that it does not disturb the child.
 I lit a candle to light the living room after the power went out.

Adjective
The adjective is a kind of word or part of the sentence that qualifies the
noun, and that provides additional or complementary information about its
meaning. The adjective is placed before or after the noun, agreeing on
gender and number.
classification of abjectives
Abjetives determineds
Demonstrative

Is one that indicates a relationship of place, expressing the proximity of the

person with whom or who is spoken

For example : This, that, those

Exercises:
  They turned on this street light so they could better park the cars.
 This electric guitar is of good Brand
Possessive
Are those grammatical elements whose function is to attribute various
properties and characteristics to the nouns that accompany a sentence or
phrase.

Example:
Mine, my, mine, yours, theirs,ours,
Exercises:

 His fingers are covered in calluses from playing the electric guitar.
 My panties and my helmet
Undefined adjectives
Describe that the amount of the noun, to which they refer, is imprecise,
vague or approximate.
Example:
One, some, any, none, few, many, few, too many, enough, others, so many,
all, several, each, both, others, true, such.
Exercises:
 Some light, some lights; certain light, certain lights; such light, such
lights; any light, any lights; few lights; too many lights; enough lights.

 The other engineers

Interrogative adjectives
Are the words that accompany the noun in an interrogative sentence
Example:
 Which, what, how much, how much, how many, how many, which,
which.
Exercices:
 ¿How many light bulbs does this room have?
 ¿What plans will you take?
Numeral adjectives
They are those that indicate a precise amount.
Example:
 Cardinal numerals, ordinal numerals, multiple numerals and partitive
numerals.

Exercises:

You see those carts, I have twice as much at home The electricity bill
came three times

 The light came three times last night

Explanatory

It is an adjective that indicates a characteristic of a being without the

pretense of distinguishing it between a set of beings.

Example:
 Low
 Shy
 Sad
 Happy
  Comfortable
 Uncomfortable
 Painful
 Obliged
 Respectful , etc
Exercises:
 The bright spotlight illuminated the living room (bright qualifies as
light)

 The luminous light.

Interjections:

Are words that express very alive feelings, of pain, of joy, sadness, etc.
We can say that they are reactions of the speaker that materialize
through the word.

Example:
 Oh!; ay!; ah !; bah !, huff !, wham !, hala !, etc.
Exercises:
 Lightning: a high-intensity electric spark produced by a discharge
between two clouds or between a cloud and the ground

 Phew! I thought we would not finish today, it was so much work that I
sincerely believed that we would finish until the weekend.
classification of interjections:
Own or Primary Interjections

They are the true interjections, that is, words that have only been created to
express emotion.
Example: Ah !, Ay !, Hey !, Hey !, Hey !, Hey !, Whoah !, Whoah !, Cool !, Woof
!, Hello !, Oh !, Shhh !, Hala !, Hopefully!
Exercises:
 Ah! I was not expecting this!
 Hey! I did not see you!

Improper interjections:

They are characterized by coming from other words, that is, they are made
up of verbs, adjectives, nouns, among other categories, which when used to
convey an emotion, then begin to be understood as an interjection.

Example:

 Watch out !, Great !, Go away !, Call me !, Hell !, Man !, Hey !, Watch

out!
Exercises:
 Listen! But how long will this service continue to be paid for?

 This was not to be the case. Devils!

Imitative interjections:
Which have been explained as those words, which in addition to trying to
convey intense emotion, are then characterized by having ways to try to
represent onomatopoeically the sound of what you want to convey.
Example:
 Whoosh !, Meow !, Chas !, Boom !, Splat!
Exercises:
 • We were in the house, and suddenly, boom! The light bulb exploded
 Plop! That blow against the ground sounded
Expressive interjections:
They are characterized by having the task of directly expressing an emotion
of the speaker, which nevertheless has no words –more than specific
interjections- to articulate the emotion that he feels.
Example:
 Bah! Uh! Ugh!
Exercises:
 Until we finally finish! Phew!
 Phew! That is far away!

Appealing interjections
Thus they have been explained as those linguistic particles, used by the
speaker, to communicate to his interlocutor that the communicative act has
begun.
Example:
 Hello !, Good !, Excuse me !, Hey !, Chist!
Exercises:
 Hi there! How are you?
 Hello! Is the engineer Jaime here?
Form interjections
Are those words or groups of words that in themselves are not interjections
but when used in isolation they function as such.
Example:
 Man !, Go away !, Come on !, Call me !, Now!
Exercises:
 I can not believe it! Long time no see
 Voucher! Then I do it!