CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1. BACKROUND
Cirebon is one of the cities in the province of West Java,
Indonesia. The city is located on the north coast of Java or known as
the northern coast line connecting Jakarta - Cirebon - Semarang -
Surabaya. Cirebon is located at 6 ° 41′S 108 ° 33′E on the north
coast of the island of Java, the eastern part of West Java, extending
from west to east 8 kilometers, North to South 11 kilometers with an
altitude of 5 meters (including the lowlands).
Cirebon is located in a strategic location and is a node of
transportation movement between West Java and Central Java. Its
location in the coastal area makes Cirebon has a wider plain area
compared to the hilly area. The area of Cirebon city is 37.54 km2 with
the dominance of land use for housing (32%) and agricultural land
(38%).
The transformation of Cirebon City from being a transit city to
a tourist and business destination, as a result of infrastructure
development, is now increasingly stimulating property developers to
build accommodation facilities. Cirebon continues to preen.
according to BPS data, as of October 2013, Cirebon City's hotell
sector growth was 22.2 % with an occupancy rate of 60 - 65 %. This
growth is predicted to continue as a positive impact of the realization
of infrastructure development.
It is undeniable that the growth of the hotel sector in Cirebon
has helped the city of Cirebon improve itself into a modern
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developing city, but the development of a modern city that is the

center of various activities is not immune to various problems that
have arisen. One of them is the increasingly narrow land and
increased activity can certainly reduce the quality of the environment
such as a decrease in the number of plants, the reduced absorption
of soil, the greenhouse effect and so on.
Buildings are one of the biggest contributors to CO 2
emissions, which is 33% of total emissions. So that buildings become
an important factor for the acceleration of global warming in the
world. On this basis, the GBCI (Green Building Council Indonesia)
stands to remind to jointly put a halt to the rate of climate change and
repair natural damage that has occurred by way of socializing the
concept of true green building in Indonesia.
The concept of green building is designed by considering the
environment and the current energy crisis. Buildings are designed,
constructed and operated in such a way that their impact on the
environment is minimal and in line with the goal of saving energy.
Green buildings are designed so that they can make efficient use of
natural, sustainable and renewable energy for commercial buildings
and residential buildings and minimize damage to the surrounding
environment.

1.2. FOCUS OF THE PROBLEM

The focus of the problem in this study is on green
architectural design, structural analysis, building installation planning
design (plumbing and building energy requirements) and calculation
budget plan of the new hotel on Jl. Raya Gronggong Patapan,
Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District by carrying out the concept of
green building.
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1.3. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM

Based on the background described above, regarding the
design of the new hotel planning in Jl. Raya Gronggong Patapan,
Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District which does not rule out its impact
on the environment, the formulation of the problem was identified as
follows:
a. How to design a (green architectural) design of a new hotel in Jl.
Raya Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District?
b. How to plan the dimensions of plates, beams, columns,
foundations for new hotels on Jl. Raya Gronggong Patapan,
Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District?
c. How to plan a new hotel building installation system (plumbing
and hotel building energy requirements)?
d. How do analyze the structure of the new hotel in Jl. Raya
Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District using
ETABS?
e. How do calculate the budget plan for new hotel in Jl. Raya
Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District?

1.4. RESEARCH PURPOSES

a. To find out the design of a new hotel building on Jl. Jend.
Sudirman Cirebon with the concept of green bulding.
b. Analyzing the structure of the new hotel building on Jl. Raya
Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District using
ETABS.
c. To plan the installation of building for a new hotel building on Jl.
Raya Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber Cirebon District.
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d. To calculate the budget plan for the construction of a new hotel

building on Jl. Raya Gronggong Patapan, Kecamatan Beber
Cirebon District.

1.5. RESEARCH USES

1.5.1. Theoretical Uses
This research is intended to be an input in the
academic process to study, observe and understand the
possibilities of problems that arise and relate to civil
engineering, especially related to building construction.

1.5.2. Practical Uses

This research activity is expected to be a suggestion
and input for all stakeholders, both local government and
hoteliers and tourism business people in planning a
sustainable and healthy hotel building, especially for hotel
occupants and the surrounding environment, of course,
without ignoring the strength of the building structure itself.

1.6. SCOPE OF PROBLEM

In the process of working on the thesis with the title "DESIGN
AND ANALYSIS STRUCTURE OF NEW HOTEL ON JL. RAYA
GRONGGONG PATAPAN, KECAMATAN BEBER CIREBON
DISTRICT BULDING WITH GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT" given
the problem limit as a limitation of discussion and work. The following
problem limitations are:
a. Plan and design the construction in accordance with SNI 2847:
2013 Reinforced Concrete and SNI 1727: 2013 for loading.
b. Planning plates, beams, column structures using reinforced
concrete structures.
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c. Plan the building installation (plumbing and hotel building energy

requirements).
d. Don't plan the structure of the stairs.
e. The building foundation is planned to use is a bored pile
foundation.
f. Visualize designs using 2D and 3D images.
g. The concept of green building that is applied is green
architecture.
h. Calculate the budget plan only on structure.
i. Analysis of building structures using only the ETABS application.

1.7. FRAMEWORK
The framework of thought in this thesis uses qualitative
research methods, namely by conducting data collection, while the
data generated comes from:
a. Library Studies / literature studies.
b. Data obtained from relevant agencies.
c. Field observations.
d. Browse the internet.
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The following flowchart image thought a study of the

problems examined:

START

COLECT DATA

PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION

PRIMARY DATA SECONDARY DATA

DESIGN AND STRUCTURE

ANALYSIS

SLAB BEAM COLUMN FOUNDATION

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS

CHECKING NO
THE
RESULTS

YES

CALCULATE BUILDING ENERGY REQUIREMENTS

CALCULATE THE BUDGET (RAB) STRUCTURE

FINISH

Image 1.1. Framework

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1.8. SYSTEMATIC WRITING

1.8.1. Chapter I. Preliminary
In this chapter will be explained about the background,
the focus of the problem, formulation of the problem, the
purpose of research, research uses, scopes of problem,
systematic framework and thesis writing.

1.8.2. Chapter II. Theoretical Basis

In this chapter, the research that has been done
previously as a reference material will also be explained, and
the theoretical basis derived from books, journals and
information from electronic media (internet) will be explained.

1.8.3. Chapter III. Research Method

Contains an explanation of research methods such as
research designs, research methods used, types and sources
of data and data collection techniques and also information
about the location and schedule of research.

1.8.4. Chapter IV. Result research and discussion

In this chapter we will explain the research results and
discuss the research results explained theoretically.

1.8.5. Chapter V. Conclusion

This chapter will briefly summarize the results of the
research and discussion described in the previous chapter and
constructive suggestions related to the research conducted.
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PT. Patra Jasa selaku anak perusahaan dari PERTAMINA

sudah melihat potensi yang telah dikemukakan diatas sejak tahun
1972 dimana hotel Patra pertama kali dibangun di Cirebon
menggunakan konsep motel dan memiliki 54 kamar. Mengikuti
pperkembangan sektor pariwisata di kota cirebon 5 tahun terakhir,
sudah layaknya PT. Patra jasa melakukan pembangunan ulang hotel
patra jasa dan tentunya dengan mengusung konsep baru yang lebih
segar dan berkelanjutan.
Bangunan merupakan salah satu penyumbang terbesar
emisi CO2, yakni 33% dari keseluruhan emisi. Sehingga bangunan
menjadi faktor penting atas percepatan pemanasan global di dunia.
Atas dasar ini mengapa GBCI (Green Building Council Indonesia)
berdiri untuk mengingatkan agar bersama-sama menahan laju
perubahan iklim dan memperbaiki kerusakan alam yang telah terjadi
dengan jalan menyosialisasikan konsep green building sebenarnya
di Indonesia.
Konsep bangunan hijau dirancang dengan
mempertimbangkan lingkungan dan krisis energy yang sedang
berlangsung saat ini. Gedung – gedung dirancang, dibangun dan
dioperasikan sedemikian rupa sehingga dampaknya terhadap
lingkungan minimal dan sesuai dengan tujuan penghematan energy.
Bangunan hijau dirancang supaya dapat mengefisiensikan
pemakaian energy alami, berkelanjutan dan terbarukan untuk
gedung komersial maupun gedung hunian serta meminimalisir
kerusakan lingkungan sekitar.
PT. Patra Jasa as a subsidiary of PERTAMINA has seen the
potential stated above since 1972 where the Patra hotel was first
built in Cirebon using the concept of a motel and has 54 rooms.
Following the development of the tourism sector in the Cirebon city
for the last 5 years, it's like PT. Patra Jasa has to rebuilding Patra
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Jasa Hotel and of course by bringing a new concept that is more

fresh and sustainable.

Transformasi Kota Cirebon dari sebelumnya sebagai kota transit menjadi destinasi
wisata dan bisnis, sebagai dampak pembangunan infrastruktur, kini semakin
menstimulasi pengembang properti untuk membangun fasilitas akomodasi. Cirebon
terus bersolek. Menurut data BPS, hingga Oktober 2013, pertumbuhan sektor
perhotelan Kota Cirebon sebesar 22,2 persen dengan tingkat okupansi 60-65
persen. Pertumbuhan ini diprediksi akan terus berlanjut sebagai dampak positif
realisasi pembangunan infrastruktur.

Artikel ini telah tayang di Kompas.com dengan judul "Makin Pesat, Cirebon Tambah
15 Hotel
Baru!", https://properti.kompas.com/read/2014/01/10/1447204/Makin.Pesat.Cirebon.
Tambah.15.Hotel.Baru..
Penulis : Hilda B Alexander

Tidak dapat dipungkiri pertumbuhan sector perhotelah di kota cirebon

telah ikut serta membantu kota Cirebon berbenah diri menjadi kota yang
berkembang menjadi kota yang modern, namun perkembangan kota
modern yang menjadi pusat dari berbagai kegiatan pun tidak luput dari
berbagai masalah yang bermunculan. Salah satunya adalah lahan yang
semakin sempit dan aktifitas yang meningkat tentunya dapat menurunkan
kualitas lingkungan seperti menurunnya jumlah tanaman, daya absorpsi
tanah yang semakin jauh berkurang, efek rumah kaca dan sebagainya.

HERMOSA VISTA