AR-l9l I

F.culty of EDgiDeering & TechtroloS/

B.E. Semesaer-fv (Mecharical Etrgitreering) (C.GS.) Examination
ENERGY CONVERSION-I
(10837)
Pap€r---4 ME 03
S€ctions-A & B
Timc : Ttrree Hours] lMaximum Marks : 80

I\STRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(l) All qucstions carry marks as indicated.
(2) Answer any TIIREE questions from Section A and any THREIJ questions from
Section B.
(3) Due crcdil $'ill be given to neatness and adequate dimcnsions.
(4) Assume suitable data wherever neccssary.
(5) Illuslrate your answers wherevsr necessary with the help of neat sketchcs.
(6) Use of slide rule, Logarithmic tables, Steam tables, Mollier's chart, Drawing
instrurnents, Thermod),narnic tables for moist air, Psyctrometric charls and Refrigeration
charts is permitted.

SECTION-A
l. (a) Shorv the following processes on T-S diagam :

(i) Hcating of \rater fiom 0"C to boiling point

(ii) Evaporalion of \Yatet and

(iii) Superhcating of stcam. 6

(b) What are differcnt Calorimcters lor measurement of dryncss fraction of stcam ? Sketch
and explain any onc of tltem. 1

OR
VRK- 7088 I (Conld.)
l (a) Explain thc following tems :-
(i) Extemal work done during evaporation
(ii) Intemal latent heat, and
(iii) Inremal enerry of steam. 6

(b) Determine the entropy per kg of superheated steam at a pressure of 20 bar and at a
'l emperature of 250oC. Assume Cpfor superheated steam as 2.2 kJ/kg K. 3

(c) A sample of steam at 200"C altd a pressure of 7 bar is first cxpanded at a constant
enthalpy to 3 bar, and then at constant ertropy to 0.5 bar. With the help of Mollier
diagam, determine the change ofentropy'and enthalpy during the processes. 4
(a) Fixplain with the help ofneat sketch a steam boiler for locornotive. Clearly explain the
draught system used. 6

(b) Explain the function of water level indicator of boiler With the help of neat sketch,
explain Hopkinson's Water gauge. 7

OR
4 (a) What do you understand by evaporative capacity of a boiler ? 3

(b) Explain clearly lhe cquivalent eyapor-ation fiom and at 100"C. i

(c) Show that under maximum discharge conditioos, the draught produced in terms ofhot
gas column is equal to the height ofchimney. 1

) (a) A Coal fired boiler plant consumeG 400 kg of coal per hour. The boiler evaporates
3200 kg of water at 44.5 'C into superheated steam at a plcssure of 12 bar and,2'14.5'C.
Ifthe czrlorific value of fuel is 32760 l(l/Kg of coal, detcrmine :-
(i) Equivalent evaporatiotr "fiom aod at 100"C", and
(ii) Thermal efliciency of the boiler.

Assume specific heat of superheated steam as 2.1 kJ&g K. 7

(b) Sketch and explain Cyclone bumer 7

OR

VRK 7088 2 (Contd.)

6 (a) Explain with neat sketch tle working of chain grate tlTp of overfeed stoker. 7
(b) Draw the heat balance sheet of a boiler and explain. '7

SECTION_B
7. (a) What are the dilTerent types of Cooling Towers ? Discuss any one with neat sketch.
6
(b) In a condenser test, tho follou,ing observations were made :

Vacuum - 690 mnr ofllg

Baromeler Rcading = 750 mm of Hg;
Mean Temperaiure of condonsation = 35oC;
IIot \r'ell temperature - 28oC
Mass of cooling rvaler .- 50,000 kg/hr
Inlet remperature = lToC
Oullet temperatue : 3ooc
Mass of condensate per hour = I 250 kg.
Find:-
(i) Ihe mass of air present per mr of condenser volume
(ii) The state of steam cntcring the condenser
(iii) The vacuum efTiciency.
lake R for air = 287 J&g K. 1
OR
8. (u) What is the need of condenser in Steam Power Plant ? Describe with neat sketch the
working of evaporative t,?e condenser. 7
(b) With the help of P-V diagram, explain how work done is increased with the help of
condenser 4
(c) Stat€ Dalton's Law of patial pressue. 2
9 (u) What is compounding of steam turbine ? Explain Velocity compounded steam turbine.
7
(b) Steam at a pressure of l0 bar and 0.9 dry discharges through a nozzle having throat area
of 450 mmz. lf the back pressure is I bar, find :-
(i) Final velocity of the steam, and
(ii) Cross-sectional fiea of the nozzle at exil for maximum dischange. 6

OR
VRK 7088 3 (Contd.)
I 0. (a) Starting iiom filtrdamentals, show that for ma,\imur,1 discharge through a nozzle, the ratio
f .)l!
of throat pressure to inlet pressure is given by where n is the index lor
l"-l]
isentropic expansion through the nozzle. 7

(b) What is Reheating ? Draw schematic and T-S diagram for Reheat Rankine Cycle. 6
I 1. (a) A simple impulse turbine has a mean blade-ring diameter cf 70 cm aDd runs at 3000
rpm. The spced ratio is 0.46 and the discbange is axial. The nozzle rurgle is 21o and
blade liictioo factor is 0.95. DeterErine :-
(i) Blade angles
(ii) Theoretical specific power output. 6

turbine.
(b) Enlist aad describe the various losses that occur in steam 6

(c) Define Oe terE "Degree of Reaction" as applied to steam turbine. 2

OR
12. (a) Explain the terms of steam hubine :-
(i) Blade Efficiency, aad
(ii) Stage Eltrciency. 3

(b) Sbow that maxieum possible efliciency of De-laval steam turbine is 88.30% when Dozzle
angle is 20"- 3

(c) Prove that the diagraD or blade efficiency ofa single stage reaction turbinc is given
by :-
2
lu : 2 - ,*rr"oro-oz ' where

Degree of reactioq Rd = 50% Cfr : Cf2.

Further proye lhar maximum blade efhciency is given by :

2cos2 s.
I r cosz o.
l.\otations carry their usual meaning. s

VRK 7088 1:' j