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Docuement for Scribd Website for Uploading Method

This method works

class Program

static void Main(string[] args)

Console.WriteLine("Please enter the input string");

string str = Console.ReadLine();

char[] ch = str.ToCharArray();

StringBuilder strbld = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < ch.Length; i++)

//converting even index as uppercase

if (i % 2 == 0)

ch[i] = char.ToUpper(ch[i]);

else

{ ////converting odd index as lowercase

ch[i] = char.ToLower(ch[i]);
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}

strbld.Append(ch[i].ToString());

Console.WriteLine(strbld.ToString());

QWERTY-HGFDS-L9789-8967Y-NBHGF

QASDFG-CD90A-BL65X-OPBND-IUYTR

CVBNMH-BVT68-XCZ5R-ZXIU7-HYTRE

SDFG58-C85S4-DCZ5R-HYTRE-NBHGTR
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Core Java : https://goo.gl/goRdes

JDBC : https://goo.gl/AhvbC8

XML : https://goo.gl/aKx4aA

Servlet JSP (new) : https://goo.gl/1Qqwnr

Maven : https://goo.gl/pyvK53

Hibernate : https://goo.gl/wdpZaJ

Design Patterns : https://goo.gl/N5CJuU

Spring : https://goo.gl/RPDDe8

Spring MVC : https://goo.gl/dBLZZu

Rest API : https://goo.gl/7imQj3

Spring MVC Project on AWS : https://goo.gl/PL9C2u

My favorite books are:

1. Beginning Programming with Java For Dummies

2. Head First Java by Kathy Sierra & Bert Bates

3. Java For Complete Beginners by Mohammed Abdelmoniem

4. Java: A Beginner's Guide

5. Core Java For the Impatient

6. java 8 in action
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Java return Examples

Use the return keyword in methods. Return multiple values, return expressions and fix errors.

Return. A stone is thrown into the air. It comes back down to the ocean and makes a splash. It returns.
In Java too methods return.

In a return statement, we evaluate expressions—and as part of this evaluation, other methods may run.
Types must match, or an error occurs.

Code after a return may become unreachable.

Expression. We can return a single value. But often we want a more complex return statement—we use
an expression after the return keyword.

Here an expression that multiplies two values.

ComputeSize: This method receives two arguments, both of type int. In the return expression, the two
numbers are multiplied.

And: The evaluated result is returned to the calling location. The expression itself is not returned, just its
result.

Java program that returns expression

public class Program {

static int computeSize(int height, int width) {

// Return an expression based on two arguments (variables).

return height * width;

}
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public static void main(String[] args) {

// Assign to the result of computeSize.

int result = computeSize(10, 3);

System.out.println(result);

Output

30

Return method result. In a return statement, we can invoke another method. In this example, we return
the result of cube() when getVolume() returns.

And: The cube method itself returns the result of Math.pow, a built-in mathematics method.

Java program that calls method in return statement

public class Program {

static int cube(int value) {

// Return number to the power of 3.

return (int) Math.pow(value, 3);

static int getVolume(int size) {

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// Return cubed number.

return cube(size);

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Assign to the return value of getVolume.

int volume = getVolume(2);

System.out.println(volume);

Output

Return, void method. In a void method, an implicit (hidden) return is always at the end of the method.

But we can specify a return statement (with no argument) to have an early exit.

Here: If the "password" argument has a length greater than or equal to 5, we return early. Otherwise we
print a warning message.

Java program that uses return statement, void method

public class Program {

static void displayPassword(String password) {

// Write the password to the console.

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System.out.println("Password: " + password);

// Return if our password is long enough.

if (password.length() >= 5) {

return;

System.out.println("Password too short!");

// An implicit return is here.

public static void main(String[] args) {

displayPassword("furball");

displayPassword("cat");

Output

Password: furball

Password: cat

Password too short!

Boolean. We can use an expression to compose a boolean return value. This is a powerful technique—
we combine several branches of logic into a single statement.

Boolean

And: The result of isValid is a boolean. Both logical conditions must be satisfied for isValid to return true.

Java program that returns boolean from method

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public class Program {

static boolean isValid(String name, boolean exists) {

// Return a boolean based on the two arguments.

return name.length() >= 3 && exists;

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Test the results of the isValid method.

System.out.println(isValid("green", true));

System.out.println(isValid("", true));

System.out.println(isValid("orchard", false));

Output

true

false

false

Compilation error. A method that is supposed to return a value (like an int) must return that value.
Otherwise a helpful compilation error occurs.

Java program that causes compilation error

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public class Program {

static int getResult(String id) {

// This method does not compile.

// ... It must return an int.

if (id.length() <= 4) {

System.out.println("Short");

public static void main(String[] args) {

int result = getResult("cat");

System.out.println(result);

Output

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error:

Unresolved compilation problem:

This method must return a result of type int

at Program.getResult(Program.java:3)

at Program.main(Program.java:13)
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Multiple return values. This is a common programming problem. To return two values, we can use a
class argument—then we set values within that class.

Class

Result: This has the same effect as returning two arguments. The syntax is more verbose. The object can
be reused between method calls.

Tip: It is often a better design decision to have related methods on a class. Then those methods simply
modify fields of the class.

Java program that returns multiple values

class Data {

public String name;

public int size;

public class Program {

static void getTwoValues(Data data) {

// This method returns two values.

// ... It sets values in a class.

data.name = "Java";

data.size = 100;

public static void main(String[] args) {

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// Create our data object and call getTwoValues.

Data data = new Data();

getTwoValues(data);

System.out.println(data.name);

System.out.println(data.size);

Output

Java

100

Unreachable code. This is a fatal error in Java. If code cannot be reached, we get a java.lang.Error.

To fix this program, we must remove the "return" or the final, unreachable statement.

Java program that has unreachable code

public class Program {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Hello");

return;

System.out.println("World");

}
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Output

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error:

Unresolved compilation problem:

Unreachable code

at Program.main(Program.java:9)

Type mismatch error. We cannot assign a variable to void method. This returns in a "type mismatch"
error. Void means "no value."

To fix, remove the variable assignment.

Java program that causes type mismatch error

public class Program {

static void test() {

System.out.println(123);

public static void main(String[] args) {

// This does not compile.

// ... We cannot assign to a void method.

int result = test();

}
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Output

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error:

Unresolved compilation problem:

Type mismatch: cannot convert from void to int

at Program.main(Program.java:11)

Performance. In my tests, I found that the JVM does a good job of inlining methods. So if we return a
statement that evaluates into another method call,

this causes no apparent slowdown.

Also: I found that expressions with temporary local variables were optimized well, to match single-
expression return values.

A review. The return keyword signals an end to a method. It accepts an argument of a type that matches
the method's signature.

In a void method, we use a no-argument return.

package Sample1;

public class add1

static int c=20;

int d=40;

static int add()

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{

int a=5;

int b=10;

int res=a+b+c; // cannot access non static members inside static

members directly. Hence here <int d> is inaccessible.

return res;

static int cube(int value) {

// Return number to the power of 3.

return (int) Math.pow(value, 3);

static int getVolume(int size) {

// Return cubed number.

return cube(size);

int computeSize(int height, int width) {

d=25; c=10; //static & global variables can be accessed anywhere

// Return an expression based on two arguments (variables).

return height * width;

static int computeSize1(int height1, int width1) {

// Return an expression based on two arguments (variables).

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return height1 * width1;

public static void main(String[] args)

int sum=add();

System.out.println("result= "+sum);

int volume = getVolume(2);

System.out.println("cube= "+volume);

add1 s=new add1();

int x=s.computeSize(10, 3);

System.out.println("computSize= "+x);

System.out.println("the other way to print

computeSize :"+computeSize1(10, 3));

int result = computeSize1(20, 5);

System.out.println("computSize1= "+result);

System.out.println("the other way to print

computeSize1 :"+computeSize1(20, 5));