SOLYFAST™ - Photo-latent metal catalyst

for rapid cure of 2K polyurethane coatings

Ziniu Yu, Patrick Kelleher, and Avinash

Bhaskar
April 10, 2019
Introduction

◼ Ziniu Yu, Ph.D.

Technical Specialist for Energy
Curable Technologies
Ziniu.Yu@BASF.com
(248) 304-5238

2 4/10/2019
Overview

◼ Why use a photo-latent catalyst?

◼ Non-Sn photo-latent metal catalyst for 2K-PUR coatings
Concept
Curing and cure rate
NCO conversion
Hardness and field trial
◼ Summary and conclusions

3 4/10/2019
Why use a photo-latent metal catalyst?
◼ Accelerated curing of applied 2K-PUR
 Reduced energy consumption
⚫ Room temperature vs. 60 – 80 °C
⚫ Addresses issue of heating large objects, heat-sensitive parts, or heavy metal structures
 Increased through-put
⚫ Short time to dust/tack-free
⚫ Short time to handling/moving of coated objects

◼ Long pot-life
 Reduced paint waste
 Flexible processing time – cure-on-demand

◼ Organotin free compound – safer working conditions

Solution = non-Sn metal catalyst activated by UV-light at room

temperature and when desired (“cure-on-demand”)

4 4/10/2019
2K-PUR coating applications

Global Coatings Market for 2K-PUR ~17,000 kT

Car Parts
4% 3C & Household
Refinish 8% Aerospace
2%
26% 0% ➢ Good UV resistance with HDI
ACE ➢ Good gloss retention
14%
➢ Good color stability
15% 7%
Auto 7% 2%
OEM 13% Wind Power
General
F&F
5 4/10/2019 Industry
Curing of 2K-PUR with non-latent and UV-light triggered catalysts
Large Heat
objects sensitive
Non-Sn Lower Latent
based energy cost activity
Poly-NCO Polyol Cure on Reduced
(e.g. Basonat®) (e.g. Joncryl®) demand cycle time

catalyst
Non-latent Catalyst Photo-latent Metal Catalyst
(e.g. DBTDL) (Solyfast™)

Short Solyfast™
Longer
pot-life 2K-PUR Coating
pot-life Low activity
<< 1 hrs (+ catalyst)

UV@RT
Fast curing requires
thermal energy !

Fast Me Cat
Coating
~ 30 min Curing
@ 60 - 80 °C @ RT High catalytic activity at room
temperature
UV absorption of SOLYFAST™ photo-latent metal catalyst

HB-404
(Philips)

UV-F450 “Flood Lamp”

(Panacol-elosol)

Catalyst dissolved in butyl

Hg
acetate for absorption
measurement

ℎ𝑐
𝐸=
λ
◼ Solyfast™ has strong absorption up to 380 nm

◼ Solyfast™ can be triggered by inexpensive UV lights, high intensity

metal doped lamps, or even LED

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Formulation
Component A wt%
Polyol (JONCRYL® 507) 52.72
Leveling additive (EFKA® 3030) 0.60
Butyl-acetate 25.95
Component B
Isocyanate (BASONAT® HI 2000) 10.07
Isocyanate (BASONAT® HA 1000) 10.57
Catalyst
SOLYFAST 0010 or DBTDL 0.005 - 0.08
◼ Formulation characteristics
 63% Solids
 Initial Viscosity ~65 cP
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 NCO:OH 1.05:1
SOLYFAST and DBTDL Pot Life

◼ Higher SOLYFAST loading required to have an equivalent pot life to DBTDL

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 Tack Free Through Cure

SOLYFAST- Coating Dry Time 24

>24 >24 >24

20

Dry time (hr)

16

12

0
0.02 wt% 0.02 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt%
Solyfast - 3 Solyfast - Solyfast - 3 Solyfast - Solyfast - 3 Solyfast -
J/cm2 No UV J/cm2 No UV J/cm2 No UV

◼ Cure rate can be tailored by changing the SOLYFAST

concentration and UV exposure

◼ 0.08 wt% SOLYFAST ~ 0.01 wt% DBTDL → equivalent pot

life
>24 >24
24
20

Dry time (hr)

16
Tack Free
12
Through Cure
8
4
0
0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.01 wt%
10 4/10/2019 Solyfast - 3 Solyfast - no DBTDL
J/cm2 UV
Dry time as a function of coating thickness
Tack Free Through Cure

◼ 0.08 wt% SOLYFAST has an equivalent 24

>24 >24 >24 >24

pot life to 0.01 wt% DBTDL 20

Dry time (hr)

16
Tack Free Through Cure
12

8
>24 >24 >24 >24
24
4

20
0
0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt% 0.08 wt%
16 Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast - Solyfast -
Dry time (hr)

1.2 mil - 3 1.2 mil - 2.3 mil - 3 2.3 mil - 3.0 mil - 3 3.0 mil - 7.0 mil - 3 7.0 mil -
J/cm2 no UV J/cm2 no UV J/cm2 no UV J/cm2 no UV
12

8
◼ Dry time is independent of coating
thickness for both Solyfast™ and DBTDL
4

0
◼ UV light has negligible impact on drying
0.01 wt%
DBTDL - 1.2
0.01 wt%
DBTDL - 2.3
0.01 wt%
DBTDL - 3.0
0.01 wt%
DBTDL - 7.0
time of coating formulated with DBTDL
mil mil mil mil

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SOLYFAST + pot life extender – viscosity and coating dry time
Tack Free Through Cure

>24 >24 >24

24

20

Dry time (hr)

16

12

0
0.04 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.04 wt% 0.04 wt%
Solyfast - 3 Solyfast - Solyfast - 3 Solyfast - Solyfast - 3 Solyfast -
J/cm2 No UV J/cm2 + No UV + J/cm2 + No UV +
0.01 wt% 0.01 wt% 0.005 wt% 0.005 wt%
PDO PDO PDO PDO

◼ Including a small amount of PDO in formulation

containing SOLYFAST significantly increases the pot
life

◼ Addition of PDO has a small impact on the dry time of

formulations containing SOLYFAST

12 4/10/2019
Measuring NCO concentration with FTIR
𝐴 = 𝜀∙𝑙∙𝑐
0.01% DBTDL
0.08% Solyfast™ + UV

0.08% Solyfast™

13 4/10/2019
Quantifying cure rate with FTIR
12 hr FTIR Spectra

Conversion after
UV exposure

◼ SOLYFAST promotes urethane formation with comparable selectivity to DBTDL

◼ Zinc octoate promotes urethane formation with higher urea selectivity than DBTDL

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Hardness development - SOLYFAST vs. DBTDL

15
Field trial – SOLYFAST vs. DBTDL
2K PUR clear coatings were applied on top of colored base coat.
1: 0.01 wt% DBTDL
2: 0.01 wt% DBTDL 3 J/cm2
3: 0.08 wt% Solyfast™ No UV
4: 0.08 wt% Solyfast™ 3 J/cm2

Apply Coating. DFT: 1.2 mil Apply Cotton Ball after 1 hour Peel off Cotton Ball

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
Summary and conclusions - SOLYFAST
◼ SOLYFAST is designed to rapidly cure 2K-PUR coatings

◼ SOLYFAST offers:
 Increased through-put – fast curing
 Reduced waste – long pot life (exceptionally long pot life when small addition of PDO)
 Cost savings due to coating curing at room temperature (UV instead of heat)
 Flexible processing times – cure-on-demand
 Healthier work environment – Sn free

◼ SOLYFAST can be used in both clear or pigmented coatings (thick or thin coatings), and with different
JONCRYL products

◼ Cure rate can be tailored by changing SOLYFAST concentration and/or UV dosage

17 4/10/2019
Contact Information & Questions

Technical Position Email Phone

Support
Ziniu Yu Technical Specialist for Energy Curable Ziniu.Yu@BASF.com (248) 304-5238
Technologies

Commercial Position Email Phone

Support
Avinash Bhaskar Market Segment Manager for Avinash.Bhaskar@BASF.com (248) 304-5725
Automotive and Aerospace Coatings

18 4/10/2019
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