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Design of virtual SCADA simulation system for pressurized water reactor

Conference Paper  in  AIP Conference Proceedings · October 2015

DOI: 10.1063/1.4941163

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 Design of virtual SCADA simulation system for pressurized water reactor
Umar Wijaksono, Ade Gafar Abdullah, and Dadang Lukman Hakim

Citation: AIP Conference Proceedings 1708, 050005 (2016); doi: 10.1063/1.4941163

View online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941163
View Table of Contents: http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/proceeding/aipcp/1708?ver=pdfcov
Published by the AIP Publishing

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 Design of Virtual SCADA Simulation System for
Pressurized Water Reactor
Umar Wijaksonoa), Ade Gafar Abdullah, Dadang Lukman Hakim

Electrical Power System Research Group, Department of Electrical Engineering Education,

Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 207 Bandung, Indonesia 40154
a)
Corresponding author: umar.wijaksono@student.upi.edu

Abstract. The Virtual SCADA system is a software-based Human-Machine Interface that can visualize the process of a
plant. This paper described the results of the virtual SCADA system design that aims to recognize the principle of the
Nuclear Power Plant type Pressurized Water Reactor. This simulation uses technical data of the Nuclear Power Plant Unit
Olkiluoto 3 in Finland. This device was developed using Wonderware Intouch, which is equipped with manual books for
each component, animation links, alarm systems, real time and historical trending, and security system. The results showed
that in general this device can demonstrate clearly the principles of energy flow and energy conversion processes in
Pressurized Water Reactors. This virtual SCADA simulation system can be used as instructional media to recognize the
principle of Pressurized Water Reactor..

Keywords: Virtual SCADA Simulation System, Pressurized Water Reactor, Human Machine Interface, Wonderware
Intouch.

INTRODUCTION
Utilization of nuclear energy that is constantly developed for the prosperity of humankind in the field of energy is
the Nuclear Power Plant. Nuclear Power Plant is a power plant that utilizes thermal energy. Heat (thermal) at Nuclear
Power Plants is produced through the process of fission reactions in nuclear reactors used to generate steam. The steam
is used to drive a generator-rotating steam turbine that generates electricity. The Pressurized Water Reactor is a type
of reactor that is most widely used today; nearly 60% of all Nuclear Power Plants in the world use this Pressurized
Water Reactors type1. The basic principle of Pressurized Water Reactors is channeling the heat energy generated in
the reactor core to the steam generator where the heat is converted into steam to drive a turbine generator 2 3. The
Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant unit 3 is a type of Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant that produces 1%
more reactor output and 10% more electrical output compared with the same units operating in Europe 4.
Operator on Nuclear Power Plant can control and monitor the process of the plant through a human-machine
interface (HMI)-based control system. SCADA is an HMI-based modern control system used to control and monitor
a plant through a computer in a centralized room5. SCADA system used in industrial process control is comfortable
and simple, and provided easy access to real-time data6 7. HMI SCADA system is a device where the data is processed
and presented to be viewed and monitored by the operator (human) 8.
Therefore, the authors conducted a research by designing an HMI virtual SCADA system for Pressurized Water
Reactor Nuclear Power Plant using Wonderware Intouch software. The goal is to visualize the process of electrical
energy generation in Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants as well as simulate several types of SCADA
functions that are used as instructional media. Previous existed developed virtual SCADA systems, which is a tool

Proceedings of International Seminar on Mathematics, Science, and Computer Science Education (MSCEIS 2015)
AIP Conf. Proc. 1708, 050005-1–050005-6; doi: 10.1063/1.4941163
© 2016 AIP Publishing LLC 978-0-7354-1355-9/$30.00

050005-1
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 intended for beginner's engineers, for testing and training9. It has also designed a virtual SCADA for load flow analysis
4 bus systems10.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The procedure conducted in this research consists of several steps. The first step was doing literature study from
various resources. The second step was determining the Pressurized Water Reactors Nuclear Power Plant schematic.
The third step was designing HMI virtual SCADA systems for the Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant in
Wonderware Intouch and giving a tag name to each object along with the type of the memory.
After giving a tag name of each object, the fourth step was determining the animation link to the objects so that,
when the objects are runtime, they look alive, such as by flashing, shifting, and changing colors. The fifth step was
creating a script to visualize the energy flow on Pressurized Water Reactors. The sixth step was creating a script about
a factual trend, that is displaying the graph in real-time. The seventh step was creating a historical trend, that is graph
displaying past events (history) that occurred within a specified time. The eighth step was creating an alarm system.
If the system performed abnormally, the alarm system would function by informing that an error occurred in the
system. The ninth step was creating a security system. That is the system can only be accessed when the user enters
the correct account and password.
The next step was testing the system by simulating it, in order to know whether the functions, such as real-time
trend, historical trend, alarm and security system that has been designed, were capable to work properly or not. If there
was a function that was not performing properly, then the process must be restarted from the third step, that is giving
tagname, followed by the next steps until the system can perform its functions properly. To help understanding the
steps done in this study, the research procedure is shown in the Figure 1.

START

Determine Animation Creating Historical

Literature Review Simulation
Link Trend

Determine Schematic Creating Script Creating Alarm System

PWR
A A
Success
No
Arrange Tagname Designing Security
Creating Real-time Trend
Dictionary System
Yes

FINISH

FIGURE 1. Research Procedure

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Human Machine Interface Virtual SCADA System for PWR Nuclear Power Plant
Wonderware Intouch is an SCADA software created by the company's non-vendor Programmable Logic
Controller (PLC), making it more flexible to be associated with PLC different brands. Another consideration is
Wonderware Intouch has many features and is already widely used in several industries, such as oil and gas,
automotive, chemical, etc.Graphic User Interface (GUI) Wonderware Intouch more user friendly. Figure 2 shows the
Human Machine Interface (HMI) virtual SCADA system for Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant based
on the schematic that had been determined, that is Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant Unit 3 in Finland.

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 FIGURE 2. Human Machine Interface Virtual SCADA System for PWR Nuclear Power Plant

At the top right, there are several main buttons that are used for various commands on the system. This interface
is also equipped with a box with green background that will display the number of energy conversion result. A box
which contains the word “Opr:” is used to display the name of the operator, which can be inputted through “LOG IN”.
Under the box, time and date are displayed in real-time as a timepiece. Real-time and historical trends are shown on
the box on the right. The bottom of the interface shows a real-time alarm that informs if the system is not in accordance
with the set point.
This system has been designed if the “START” button has been given input to run the system, then press the
“INPUT” button, then the interface will display a popup window to input and show the parameters that are in
accordance with the technical data of OL3 Nuclear Power Plant. This system has been designed based on the technical
data of OL3 Nuclear Power Plant, then press the “close” button to hide the INPUT popup. If the START button has
been given input, the system will visualize the energy flow in Pressurized Water Reactors Nuclear Power Plant. A
Pressurized Water Reactors plant has two circuits for heat transfer, primary and secondary. Primary coolant
temperature and pressure are kept constant by the pressurizer. The primary coolant leaving the reactor pressure vessel
at a temperature of 328°C goes through the main coolant line hot legs to the steam generators, where heat is transferred
to the secondary circuit. The coolant, its temperature now approximately 296°C, is returned by the reactor coolant
pump to the reactor through the inlet nozzles.
The pressure in the secondary circuit is much lower than the pressure in the primary circuit, this causes the water
in the steam generator to boil. The main steam generated in the steam generators belonging to the primary circuit is
fed to the turbine plant through the four main steam lines. The main steam is fed to the high-pressure (HP) turbine
through the high pressure turbine stop and control valves located in each main steam line. The exhaust steam from the
HP turbine is dried and reheated in the moisture separator reheaters (MSR). From the MSRs, the reheater steam goes
through the LP turbine stop and control valves to the three LP turbines. The rotating turbine is mounted coaxially with
the generator generating electrical energy. The high 1,600 MWe power output of Olkiluoto 3 is partly due to the high
efficiency of the turbine-generator set. The exhaust steam from the LP turbines is condensed into water in the
condenser. Condensate water is fed back to the steam generator with feedwater pumps, and the warm sea water is
pumped back into the sea. The components of Pressurized Water Reactors controlled consisted of 40 tag name.
Animation links used consisting of user inputs, line color, fill color, percent fill, touch pushbuttons, miscellaneous,
and value display. The system is equipped with several features, real-time trends of 16 parameters, historical trends
of the eight parameters, alarm system, security system, and manual book each component.
When the system is runtimed, the first step is entering the correct username and password through the “LOG IN”
button so that the “START” button can be given input. If input entered is not correct, the “START” button will be
disabled. This is a security system so that the system is protected and cannot be run by those who do not have the
access right to the system.
The components that are working are marked by colored indicator lights. The parameters of the components will
appear when the energy flow runs through the components. Manual book of each component can be viewed by

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 pressing the components. A popup window displaying the manual book will appear to give information of the
component that is pressed. Figure 3 shows the manual book of the steam generator component. The manual book is
based on the datasheet of Olkiluoto 3 Nuclear Power Plant and can be used to understand the characteristics of each
component.

FIGURE 3. Manual book of steam generator

Real-time and Historical Trending

Real-time trend will be displayed on the left side of HMI. If one wants to view the graph clearly, they could press
“RT” button, which will show a popup window that displays the real-time trend, as shown in Figure 4. Real-time
trend is a graph of component parameters in real-time in accordance with the time interval that is determined. The
maximum time range that can be displayed in a trend is 60 seconds and the update rate is every one second.

FIGURE 4. Real-time trending FIGURE 5. Historical trending

Historical trend is a graph showing past events (history) that occurred at a specific time. To display the historical
trend, one can press HT, which will display historical trend popup window as seen in Figure 5. Parameters that can
be displayed in historical trend include eight tagnames, namely pressure and temperature of the reactor, pressure and
temperature of the pressurizer, pressure and temperature on primary circuit steam generator, and pressure and
temperature on the secondary circuit steam generator. If one wants to change the tagname displayed, it can be done
by pressing the black box on historical trend graph, then the window and the tagname can be modified, while the time
interval can be changed at will through the command under the graph.

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 Real-time Alarm
To be able to simulate a real-time alarm, one must first change the parameters through the “INPUT” button. If the
parameter inputted is not in accordance with a predetermined set point, then a real-time alarm box will inform you
that the part is not in accordance with the set point. Figure 6 shows the real-time alarm on the reactor.

FIGURE 6. Real-time alarm

Electrical Power Output

Thermal power output of Olkiluoto 3 Nuclear Power Plant reactor is 4300 MWth. Considering its efficiency of
37%, then the electric power output generated is 1,600 MWe. If calculated manually (Figure 7), this result is gained
through the following formula:
Pe K th . QR (1)

Information:
Pe = Electric power output (MWe)
QR = Reactor thermal power (MWth)
K th = Thermal cycle efficiency

Pe 37% . 4300
Pe 0, 37 x 4300
Pe 1,591 | 1600 MWe

FIGURE 7. The results of electric power output on Virtual SCADA system

CONCLUSIONS
Human Machine Interface (HMI) for Pressurized Water Reactors Nuclear Power Plants can be designed using the
symbol factory on Wonderware Intouch software. After being simulated, generally the system can visualize energy
flow and can display energy conversion in PWR Nuclear Power Plant. This interface is also equipped with manual
book for each component, real-time and historical trends, real-time alarm and security system. Therefore, the Virtual
SCADA system that has been designed can be used as instructional media for introducing SCADA system and
Pressurized Water Reactors Nuclear Power Plant.

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
U. W. acknowledged Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi (Dirjen DIKTI), for Bidik Misi Scholarship.

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