BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR.

DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reflection paper on the discussions about the United Nations System

It is actually my first time to know the United Nations deeper, though I hear it most of the
time, like on my friends who worked for National Government Organizations here in Cotabato City.
Throughout the discussion of the United Nations System, I learned that the United Nations is an
Intergovernmental Organization tasked in maintaining international peace and security, developing
friendly relations among nations, achieving international cooperation and being a center for
harmonizing the actions of nations. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary
contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and
security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development
and upholding international law. To sum up, the mission of the organization is to maintain and
promote PEACE within and among countries.

It is surprising that United Nations has 193 member states and is considered the world’s
largest intergovernmental organization. Just like big organizations out there, United Nations consists
of six principal organs. These are the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social
Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice and the UN Secretariat.

Each organ has its own unique function. The General Assembly’s powers are to oversee the
budget and the United Nations, appoint the non-permanent members in the Security Council,
receive reports from the other parts of the United Nations and make recommendations in the form
of General Assembly Resolutions. On the other hand, the Security Council’s powers include the
establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international sanctions, and the
authorization of military action. The Economic and Social Council is responsible for coordinating
economic, social and related work of 15 UN specialized agencies. The Trusteeship Council was
established to ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their
inhabitants and of international peace and security. The International Court of Justice’s main
functions are to settle disputes submitted to it by states and to provide advisory opinions on legal
questions submitted to it. Lastly, the UN Secretariat supports the other UN bodies administratively.

The UN protects human rights by targeting issues on food, labor rights, gender equality, and
the rights of children, indigenous people and disabled persons.

The Philippines, being

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA
Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reaction paper on the discussions about the United Nations System

Before the discussion of this topic, I really have no idea about United Nations and its system.
I was amazed that it was an intergovernmental organization whose mission is to maintain and
promote peace. Before enrolling this class, I thought of United Nations as a Non-government
Organization whose mission is to help the needy, the distressed and the oppressed. I know some of
their offices here in the Philippines. For instance, the UNICEF. I never thought that its primary
objective is peace.

I am glad to know that we are among the original members of the United Nations. This only
means that the Philippines aims for peace even before.

This huge organization is being financed by voluntary contributions from its member states.
This proves that if an organization has a goal, a mission for the whole world, it can exist and continue
to operate even without a stable income. A brilliant and helpful goal is all that it takes to establish it.
Good intention is followed by

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reflection paper on the Introduction of Human Rights Law

International Human Rights Law (IHRL) is the body of international law intended to promote
and protect human rights at the international and domestic levels.

I found out that this law was anchored to the six principles of Human Rights mainly
universality and inalienability, indivisibility, interdependence and interrelatedness, equality and non-
discrimination, participation and inclusion and accountability and rule of law.

The principle of universality and inalienability states that all human beings are free and born
of equal rights. These rights are non-transferable in order to not prejudice the rights of each person.
Indivisibility states that all rights are of equal worth and weight. One right cannot be put above the
other. Interdependence and Interrelatedness explains that one right supports other rights to achieve
the person’s developmental, physical, psychological and developmental needs. Equality and non-
discrimination shows that all individuals are equal human beings and no one should suffer
discrimination in any way. Participation and inclusion states that all people have the right to
participate in decision-making process. One example of this is the election of officials in the
government. Every individual is given the right to decide who to vote. Lastly, accountability and rule
of law states that every individual is accountable for what he has done. The right of a person stops
when the right of others is prejudiced, and this is where the right of the other person begins.
BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA
Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reaction paper on the Introduction of Human Rights Law

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reflection paper on the 7 Core International Human Rights Treaties

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reaction paper on the 7 Core International Human Rights Treaties

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reflection paper on the International Bill of Human Rights

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reaction paper on the International Bill of Human Rights

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reflection paper on the Regional Protection and Institutions

BAI NOR-AINE S. ACCOY, CPA DR. DATU TOH ULAMA

Human Rights and Culture of Peace 2:00PM-5:00PM

Reaction paper on the Regional Protection and Institutions