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Quasha Memorial
PHYSIOLOGY BLOCK 1
I. Objectives
Figure 8. Osteoblast-Osteoclast
o Testosterone
Figure 6. Bone Formation and Resorption ▪ Increase bone matrix and Ca retention
▪ Increase size and strength
VII. Bone Remodeling ▪ But causes epiphyses to close
-Testosterone favors formation & growth
-Hastens the closure of epiphyseal plates.
o Estrogen
▪ Inhibits osteoclastic activity – thus favors bone formation
and growth
▪ It causes early closure of the epiphyseal plate greater
than testosterone.
▪ Menopause (decrease estrogen level) – may cause
osteoporosis
● Increase osteoclastic activity
● Decrease bone matrix formation
● Decrease deposition of calcium and phosphate
-RANK binds to RANKL for the formation of the mature
Figure 7. Bone remodeling
osteoclast which favors bone resorption. RANKL is produced by
the osteoblast and RANK receptor is found in the osteoclast.
● Maintains toughness of the bone
Binding together, they cause bone resorption. But sometimes
● Re-shaping to support mechanical forces
osteoblasts & stroma cells secrete OPG (osteoprotegerin), a
● Adjusts strength to amount of stress
References
Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 13th Ed
(Chapter 80)
Junquiera’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, 13th Ed.
(Chapter 8)
Dr. Tan’s Lecture
QUIZ
1. What will result if there’s a significant decrease of
calcium in the ECF?
2. Give three importance of bone remodeling.
3. This is found in the metaphysis and allows the bone to
grow in length.
4. Give the two signs of hypocalcemia.
5. What is the substance secreted by the osteoblast
when PTH is bonded to it?
6. This is where the primary ossification center of the
bone is located.
Answers:
1. Increase irritability of nerves and muscle and/or
Tetany
2. Bone remodeling maintains toughness, re-shapes the
bone to support mechanical forces and adjusts the
bone strength to amount of stress.
3. Epiphyseal plate
4. Chvostek sign and carpopedal spasm
5. RANK-Ligand
6. Diaphysis