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碩 士 學 位 論 文
指導敎授 林 水 根
형성 특성 연구
慶 尙 大 學 校 大 學 院
材料工程融合工學科
文 祥 赫
2019. 08
碩 士 學 位 論 文
指導敎授 林 水 根
형성 특성 연구
이 論文을 工學 碩士
學位論文으로 提出함
慶 尙 大 學 校 大 學 院
材料工程融合工學科
文 祥 赫
2019. 08
文 祥 赫의
審 査 委 員
委員長 金 褀 原 印
委 員 林 水 根 印
委 員 文 聖 模 印
慶 尙 大 學 校 大 學 院
2019. 08
목 차
Ⅰ. 서 론 ·······························································································1
1.1 연구배경 ·······················································································1
1.2 연구목표 ·······················································································2
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ······················································································2
2.1 아노다이징(Anodizing)의 이론 ·························································2
2.1.1 아노다아징(Anodizing)의 정의 ····················································2
2.1.2 아노다이징(Anodizing)의 원리 ····················································3
2.2 알루미늄 합금 ·············································································5
2.2.1 알루미늄 합금의 종류와 특성 ·····················································5
2.2.2 Al-Mg-Si계 합금(6000계열) ······················································6
Ⅲ. 실험재료 및 방법 ···············································································7
3.1 재료 및 시험편 ··············································································7
3.2 실험장치 ·······················································································9
3.3 실험 조건 ···················································································10
Ⅳ. 실험결과 및 고찰 ·············································································13
4.1 아노다이징(Anodizing) 피막의 성장속도에 미치는 합금원소의 영향 ·····13
4.1.1 정전류조건에서 피막 형성시간에 따른 피막 성장 속도 ·················13
4.1.2 정전압조건에서 피막 형성시간에 따른 피막 성장 속도 ·················17
4.4 실험 결과 요약 ············································································28
Ⅴ. 결 론 ·····························································································29
참고 문헌 ·····························································································30
List of Table
- i -
List of Figures
Fig. 4.2 Film growth rate of Al alloys at 40 mA/cm2, 300 rpm and 0±0.5
℃ in 20 % sulfuric acid solution.
Fig. 4.3 I-t curves of (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082 alloys with
anodizing time at 20 V, 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of magnetic stirring in
20% H2SO4 solution.
Fig. 4.4 Thickness of anodic oxide films on (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and
(c) Al6082 alloys with anodizing time at 20 V, 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of
magnetic stirring in 20% H2SO4 solution.
Fig. 4.5 Cross-sectional CSLM (Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy)
images of (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082 alloys anodized for 40
min at 20 V and 0 ℃ in 20% sulfuric acid solution.
Fig. 4.6 V-t curves of Al6082, Al6061 and Al6063 alloys with anodizing
time at 40 mA/cm2 in 20% H2SO4 solution at 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of
magnetic stirring.
Fig. 4.7 C-t curves of Al 6063 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
sulfuric acid.
Fig. 4.8 C-t curves of Al 6061 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
sulfuric acid.
Fig. 4.9 C-t curves of Al 6082 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
- ii -
sulfuric acid.
Fig. 4.10 Photographs of anodized (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082
alloys for various durations at 40 mA/cm2 and 0 ℃ in 20 vol.% sulfuric
acid solution.
Fig. 4.11 Photographs of anodized (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082
alloys for various durations at 20V and 0 ℃ in 20 vol.% sulfuric acid
solution.
Fig. 4.12 Photographs of Al alloys with etching time in 1 M NaOH
solution.
- iii -
Abstract
As a result of the experiment using the constant current method, the
growth rate of the film was not significantly different for the three
materials. In the constant voltage method, the growth rate of the film was
order of Al6063 - Al6061 – Al6082, the film growth rates were observed
- iv -
to increase. In the constant voltage method, the content of the alloy
element was small, and the higher the pure aluminum content, the faster
the film growth rate was.
film show that Al6082 is the fastest material in color change and Al6063
is the material that is the most rapidly destroyed. It can be seen that the
higher the content of the alloy element in the alloy component, the faster
the defect of the film occurs. On the contrary, the higher the content of
pure aluminum, the better the production efficiency of the anodizing film.
The change in color of the film was more and more darker as time
- v -
Ⅰ. 서 론
1.1 연구배경
- 1 -
1.2 연구목표
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
2.1 아노다이징(Anodizing)의 이론
2.1.1 아노다이징(Anodizing)의 정의
- 2 -
2.1.2 아노다이징(Anodizing)의 원리
알루미늄의 경우 n = 3 이므로
- 3 -
피막 혹은 산화물피막이 형성되기 위해서는 (식 4)와 (식 5)의 반응이 표면 피막
(a) The creation of anodizing film (b) Film of the cell structure
- 4 -
2.2 알루미늄 합금
순알루미늄(1000계)
Al-Mg계합금(3000계)
비열처리합금
Al-Si계합금(4000계)
전신재 Al-Mg계합금(5000계)
Al-Cu-Mg(2000계)
열처리합금 Al-Mg-Si(6000계)
Al-Zn-Mg(7000계)
순 알루미늄
비열처리합금 Al-Si계 합금
Al-Mg계 합금
주조재
Al-Cu-Si계 합금
열처리합금 Al-Cu-Mg-Si계 합금
Al-Mg-Si계 합금
- 5 -
2.2.2 Al-Mg-Si계 합금 (6000계열)
종류 Mg Si Fe Cu Mn Cr Zn Ti 기타 Al
- 6 -
Ⅲ. 실험재료 및 방법
3.1 재료 및 시험편
3-1 실험재료 및 액 조성
종류 Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Al
6063 0.4 0.35 0.1 0.1 0.68 0.1 0.1 0.1 98.07
- 7 -
아노다이징 전해액은 황산을 이용한 황산법 아노다이징으로 실험하였고, 액조
성은 아래 표3.2와 같다.
Variations
Electrolyte Parameters
(Forming conditions)
Electrolyte
20 wt.% H2SO4
composition
Electrolyte
0
temperature(℃)
Constant
18 ~ 26
voltage(V)
Reaction
0 ~ 30
time(min)
- 8 -
3.2 실험장치
- 9 -
3.3 실험 조건
- 10 -
2) 정전압 조건에서 피막 형성 시간에 따른 피막 성장 속도
- 11 -
각각의 실험조건에서 안정기에 접어드는 시간인 10분씩 실험하였다.
- 12 -
Ⅳ 실험결과 및 고찰
7.5 10.95
12.5 18.22
25 35.21 35.53
30 42.32
- 13 -
각 소재마다 다른 결과를 나타내고 있다. 합금원소의 함량이 가장 많은 Al6082
- 14 -
Fig. 4.1 Thickness of anodic oxide films on different Al alloys with
anodizing time at 40 mA/cm2, 300 rpm and 00.5 ℃ in 20 % sulfuric acid
solution.
1.46 ㎛/min, Al6061은 1.42 ㎛/min 그리고 Al6082는 1.43 ㎛/min으로 나타났
다. 물론 알루미늄 용존량, 전해질 농도, 액 온도 등 여러 가지 조건에 따라서 분
- 15 -
Fig. 4.2 Film growth rate of Al alloys at 40 mA/cm2, 300 rpm and 0±0.5
℃ in 20 % sulfuric acid solution.
- 16 -
4.1.2 정전압 조건에서 피막 형성 시간에 따른 피막 성장 속도
Fig. 4.3 I-t curves of (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082 alloys with
anodizing time at 20 V, 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of magnetic stirring in
20% H2SO4 solution.
- 17 -
Fig. 4.4 Thickness of anodic oxide films on (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and
(c) Al6082 alloys with anodizing time at 20 V, 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of
magnetic stirring in 20% H2SO4 solution.
느리다는 것을 알 수 있다.
- 18 -
Fig. 4.5 Cross-sectional CSLM (Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy)
images of (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082 alloys anodized for 40
min at 20 V and 0 ℃ in 20% sulfuric acid solution.
- 19 -
4.2 아노다이징(Anodizing) 피막의 결함 생성에 미치는 합금원소의 영향
Fig 4.6 V-t curves of Al6063, Al6061 and Al6082 alloys with anodizing
time at 40 mA/cm2 in 20% H2SO4 solution at 0±0.5 ℃ and 300 rpm of
magnetic stirring.
- 20 -
되면 피막이 파괴되면서 저항이 감소하게 되고 전압이 떨어지는 것이다.
- 21 -
4.2.2 정전압 조건에서 피막 형성시간에 따른 피막 형성전류 거동
Fig. 4.7 C-t curves of Al 6063 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
sulfuric acid.
- 22 -
Fig. 4.8 C-t curves of Al 6061 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
sulfuric acid.
Fig. 4.9 C-t curves of Al 6082 alloys at 0 C and 300 rpm in 20%
sulfuric acid.
- 23 -
그림 4.7은 Al6063을 정전압 조건하에서 아노다이징 처리하여 도출한 그래프
다.
- 24 -
4.3 아노다이징(Anodizing) 피막의 색상에 미치는 합금원소의 영향
Al 6063
Al 6061
Al 6082
Fig. 4.10 Photographs of anodized (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082
alloys for various durations at 40 mA/cm2 and 0 ℃ in 20 vol.% sulfuric
acid solution.
- 25 -
4.3.2 정전압 조건에서 피막 형성 시간에 따른 피막 색상 변화
min
10 min 20 min 30 min 40 min
Al
Al 6063
Al 6061
Al 6082
Fig 4.11 Photographs of anodized (a) Al6063, (b) Al6061 and (c) Al6082
alloys for various durations at 20V and 0 ℃ in 20 vol.% sulfuric acid
solution.
- 26 -
4.3.3 에칭 시간에 따른 스머트 색상의 변화
Al 6063
Al 6061
Al 6082
수 있다.
- 27 -
4.4 실험 결과 요약
Al
Al6063 Al6061 Al6082 Result
Charateristic
Al6082 is
Defect formation
21 V 22.5 V 23 V defective at the
(Constant voltage)
highest voltage.
Al6063 is the
Color change Brightness Middle Darkness
brightest.
Al6063 is the
Color change Brightness Middle Darkness
brightest.
- 28 -
V 결론
있다.
- 29 -
REFERENCE
[7] 이호인, 한요섭, 김도향, 김원태, 2005, 알루미늄 응용기술의 이해와 활용,
pp. 35-38
- 30 -