OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION

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 Table of Contents

1: Introduction................................................................................................................4

2: Over View .................................................................................................................4

3: Advantages and disadvantages ..................................................................................5

4: Applications .............................................................................................................4

5: Conclusions ................................................................................................................

6: Reference’s …………………………………………………………………………

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 Introduction
The optical fiber communication
involve in the transmission of the
information from one apart side to
another apart side by transmitting the
radiation like Infrared through the
fiber. The light contains the wave
packet with the energy called
electromagnetic energy associated to
carry the energy. The fiber have the
high bandwidth than that of the cable
that’s why the modern technology
shifting to it. This is because they are
faster than that of the ordinary cables
and the loss of energy is less than that
of those cables. These type of the
transmission can carry the signals
faster so the one can concern with the
computer networks, transmitting the
voice and the video across the long
distances. Moreover, the speed of the
internet is increases rapidly by shifting
it to the optical fiber. It is also involved
in the telecommunication companies to
perform the transmission of the
telephone signals and the cable
television signals. The researches at
the renowned labs have reached that
the internet speed is 100
petabytes*kilometers per second via
the use of the optical fiber.
OVERVIEW
Modern age the fiber system is
associates with the transmitter in the
optical nature to convert the signals
which is in electric form into an optical
signals to send it through the
associated way. A band of the fiber
contains the large number of the
optical fibers that is passes through the
underground routed through buildings
conduits as well as from many
amplifiers and the optical receiver
which used to recover the generated
signal in the electric form. These
information’s are the technical
information generated by the digital
information as well as by the computer
and the cable, telephones companies.
The process which is associated to
create the electrical signals from the
optical fiber are as follows:
1. Through the transmitter we can
create an optical fibre usually
from an electrical signal.
2. The fibre relayed the signal to
make sure that the signal does
not become weak and get
distorted.
3. The receiver which can receive
the optical signal.
4. Than after all the process to
convert it into the electrical
signal. So, the user can use it
easily.
The cost of the rolling the fiber is
higher than the cost of the rolling the
copper based network in the home
appliances. The fibers are expensive
and more difficult to control than that
of the electrical conductor. At the
highest conduction optical fiber is used
to conduct the signals rather than
copper cable’s resulting in the
destruction of the fiber core and
damage the transmission of the
components. Moreover. Because of
this in United States as well as in lower
countries the price is dropped
suddenly. The optical fiber
communication involves these parts
like
 Transmitters.
 Receivers.
 Types of fibre cable.
 Amplification.
 Multiplexing.
 Record speed.
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  Dispersion.
 Regeneration.
 Converter.
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES:
The advantages and the
disadvantages of the optical fiber
communication are as follows:
Advantages:
1. There bandwidth are higher
than that of the optical fiber.
2. Involvement of the low power
loss and allows the faster
transmission across side.
3. These cable resists the change
in the electromagnetic
interface.
4. The fiber optics is five times
better than the copper cable.
5. The copper wire hit by the
acidic element get distorted
easily but the fiber optic is
flexible, and resists the acidic
elements.
6. These cable are thinner as well
as lighter and occupy less
surface than any other wire.
7. These fiber can’t produce the
electromagnetic energy that’s
why they are very hard to tap.
Disadvantages:
1. These cables are difficult to
merge and moulding so the loss
of beam happens
simultaneously due to
scattering.
2. The fiber optics are hard and
required effort to fitting.
3. The cables are expensive than
any other cable. Costly
equipment required to fit these
cables.
4. Special type of transmission
needed to check the devices.
5. The maintenance cost of the
optical fiber is difficult and
expensive.
6. The joining of the optical fiber
is also difficult and costly.
APPLICATION
This communication is used by
the most of the telecommunication
companies to transfer the signals of
cable television, internet, and
communication signals as well as to
transmit the telephone signals. These
cables are used significantly in the
industries like government, defense,
and commercial, medical. Data storage
and many more. In addition to this the
purpose of the telecommunication are
in the use of the light guides, for
purposing the tools, lasers, SONAR
hydrophones and they are also used to
measure the pressure and the
temperature. The optics have the lower
reduction and the interfaces. It has a
large demand on the copper wire to
communicate in the longer distance
and preoccupy the high demand
application in the wiring department.
AL tough, the structure includes in the
development of the many cities are
difficult and the time consuming. The
system of the optical information are
complex and expensive to install and
too difficult in operation.
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 CONCLUSION:
As the references of this case
study we come to know that the fiber
optic is the fastest and the reliable
source of the communication but so far
these optic cable are hard to buy and
difficult to operate. But the main thing
is that the chances to get the devices
hack and to increase the reliability of
the network these cables are installed.
So, the people of the certain countries
can communicate to their offices
members and the relatives. Moreover,
the researchers are playing an
important in developing the optical
fiber in the cheap way so that the
people of the government can take the
responsibility in providing the healthy
communication to their people. The
optics are mostly used because they
don’t waste the energy and they are
environment friendly. The researchers
are working day by day to replace the
copper wire with them.

REFRENCES
1. Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs
announces new optical
transmission record and breaks
100 Petabit per second
kilometer barrier"(Press
release). Alcatel-Lucent. 2009-
10-28. Archived from the
original on 2013-07-18.

2.  "Ground breaking new

technology could allow 100-
times-faster internet by
harnessing twisted light
beams". Phys.org. 2018-10-24.
Retrieved 2018-10-25.