DC CIRCUIT

01. Star to Delta Conversion



02. Delta to Star Conversion



03. Stored Energy




04. Time Constant



05. Complete Response

⁄
 () ( ) [ ( ) ( )]
⁄
 () ( ) [( ) ( )]
 AC CIRCUIT

06. Average Value

 ∫
 ∫

07. Effective or RMS value

 √ ∫

08. Maximum Power

 (For DC)
| |
 (For AC)

09. Average Power

 ( )
 ( )

10. Complex Power


| |

 | |

11. Reactive Power

| |


12. Two Wattmeter Method

 ( )
 ( )

 √ ( )
 RESONANCE

13. Series & Parallel Resonance

Series Resonance Parallel Resonance

Resonant frequency, (rad/sec)

√ √

Quality factor, Q

Bandwidth,

√( ) √( )
Half Power frequencies,

Or, Or,

14. Current at Resonant and Half power frequencies

 ( )
 ( ) ( )
√

15. Power at Resonant frequency

 ( ) ( )
√

 ( ) ( )
√

16. Power at Half power frequencies

 ( ) ( ) ( )
√ √

 ( ) ( ) ( )
√ √
 DC GENERATOR

17. Generated EMF

 ( )

18. Power

 ( )

19. Torque


20. Stray loss



21. Constant loss



22. Variable loss



23. Total loss



24. At Maximum efficiency


 ( )
 TRANSFORMER

25. Generated EMF




26. Mutual flux



27. Turn ratio



28. Working or Iron loss current component



29. Magnetizing current



30. No load current

 √

31. Iron loss or No load loss



32. Primary Current




33. Primary Equivalent parameter



34. Secondary Equivalent parameter



35. Open Circuit test



36. Short Circuit test



37. Approximate Voltage drop in secondary side

 ( ) ( )

38. Cu loss




39. KVA at maximum efficiency

 √

40. Maximum efficiency



41. Auto Transformer


 ( )
 ALTERNATOR
42. Generated EMF / Phase
 ( )

43. Internal EMF / Phase

 ( )
 √( ) ( ) ( )

44. No load EMF / Phase

 ( )
 √( ) ( ) ( )

45. Armature Reactance



46. Synchronous Impedance



 √

47. Voltage Regulation



48. Synchronous Power


 INDUCTION MOTOR

49. Synchronous speed



50. Rotor speed

 ( )

51. Slip


52. Rotor current frequency



53. Rotor Current / Phase




√ ( )

54. For maximum torque



55. Slip at maximum torque



56. Torque Equations



 ( )
57. Slip Vs Voltage ratio
 ( )

58. Rotor Input Power



59. Mechanical Power Developed


 ( )

60. Rotor Cu loss


 ( )
 LOAD CHARACTERISTICS

61. ( )

62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.
 POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT

68. Charging / Capacitor current

 ( )

69. Reactive Power





70. KVAR rating of p.f. improvement equipment





71. Most Economical Power factor

 √ y = Cost of pf correction or KVAR reduction (Tk.)
x = Maximum demand charge of KVA rating (Tk.)
 √ ( )

FIgure
72. Insulation Resistance
 ( )

73. Insulator

 ( )
 ( )
 ( )

 SAG

74. Weight of ice coating

 * ( ) +
 * ( ) +
 ( )

75. Weight of wind pressure

 ( ) ( )
 ( )

76. Total weight

 √( )

77. Working Tension



78. Sag


79. Vertical Sag


 ( )
80. Sag in Unequal height
 . Figure

 ( )




 ( )

CORONA

81. Disruptive Critical Voltage / Phase

 ( )

82. Visual Critical Voltage / Phase

 ( ) ( )
√

83. Corona Power Loss / KW / Km / Phase

 ( )√ ( )

84. Air density factor


 TRANSMISSION LINE

85. General Equations






86. Short Transmission line

 ( )
 ( )
 ( )

87. Nominal T – method


 ( )


88. Nominal Π – method



 ( )
 PER UNIT

89.
90. ( ) ( )
( )

91. ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
92. ( ) ( )
( )
93. ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
94. ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
95. ( )
( )

SYMMETRICAL FAULT

96. Short Circuit MVA


| ( )|

97. Short Circuit Current / Phase or Fault Current / Phase


√

 ( )
 ( )
 SYMMETRICAL COMPONENT

98. Zero, Positive and Negative sequence currents

 ( )
 ( )
 ( )





99. Line Currents





100. Neutral Current






101. L – G fault current

| |
 ( )

102. L – L fault current

√ | |


103. 3 – φ fault or LLL fault current

| |

 HALF WAVE RECTIFIER

104. Average Current

 𝜋 𝜋

𝐼𝑑𝑐 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐼𝑚 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑𝜃 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑚 𝜃 𝑑𝜃

𝜋 𝜋

𝐼𝑚
[ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃]𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝐼𝑚
( 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜃) 𝑑𝜃
𝐼𝑚 𝜋
( )
𝜋
𝐼𝑚 𝐼 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝜋

𝜋 √𝑚 𝜃
𝜋 𝜃
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑑𝑐 𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔
𝜋 𝐼
√ 𝑚 (𝜋 )
𝜋

𝐼𝑚

105. Peak Inverse Voltage 𝑉𝑚

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠

𝑃𝐼𝑉 𝑉𝑚

𝑅𝑀𝑆 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝐶 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝑅𝑖𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
106. Efficiency 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐷𝐶 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡
 𝐼𝑎𝑐
𝐷𝐶 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝜂 𝐼𝑑𝑐
𝐴𝐶 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡

𝑃𝑑𝑐 √𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑑𝑐

𝑃𝑎𝑐
𝐼𝑑𝑐
𝐼𝑑𝑐 𝑅𝐿
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑟𝑓 𝑅𝐿 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
√( )
𝐼𝑑𝑐
(𝐼𝑚 𝜋) 𝑅𝐿
(𝐼𝑚 ) 𝑟𝑓 𝑅𝐿
𝐼
√( 𝑚 )
𝐼𝑚 𝜋
𝑟𝑓
𝑅𝐿
𝜋
√
 FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

107. Average Current

 𝜋 𝜋

𝐼𝑑𝑐 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐼𝑚 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑𝜃 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑚 𝜃 𝑑𝜃

𝜋 𝜋

𝐼𝑚
[ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃]𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝐼𝑚
( 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜃) 𝑑𝜃
𝐼𝑚 𝜋
( )
𝜋
𝐼𝑚 𝐼 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝜋

𝜋 √𝑚 𝜃
𝜋 𝜃
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑑𝑐 𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔
𝜋 𝐼
√ 𝑚 (𝜋 )
𝜋

𝐼𝑚
√

108. Peak Inverse Voltage 𝑉𝑚

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
 √
𝑃𝐼𝑉 𝑉𝑚 (𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑝)

𝑃𝐼𝑉 𝑉𝑚 (𝐵𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑔𝑒)
𝑅𝑀𝑆 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝐶 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑅𝑖𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐷𝐶 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝐼𝑎𝑐
109. Efficiency 𝐼𝑑𝑐
 𝐷𝐶 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝜂 √𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑑𝑐
𝐴𝐶 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝐼𝑑𝑐
𝑃𝑑𝑐
𝑃𝑎𝑐
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
√( )
𝐼𝑑𝑐 𝑅𝐿 𝐼𝑑𝑐
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑟𝑓 𝑅𝐿
𝐼𝑚 √
( 𝐼𝑚 𝜋) 𝑅𝐿 √
𝐼𝑚 𝜋
𝐼𝑚 √ 𝑟𝑓 𝑅𝐿

8 𝜋
√
𝑟𝑓 8
𝑅𝐿
8
 TRANSISTOR (BJT)

110.

111.

112.

113.

114.

115.

JFET + D-MOSFET

116. Pinch of Voltage

 | ( )|

117. Drain Current

 ( )
( )
118. Transconductance
 |

 ( )
( )


| ( )|

119. AC drain resistance

 |

120. Amplification factor



121. Voltage Gain

 ( )
 ( )

122. Output Voltage (RMS)



123. Diode Power



E-MOSFET

124. Drain Current

 ( ) ( ) ( )

 ( )
 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (OP-Amp)

125. Inverting Configuration

Figure


126. Non-inverting Configuration

 ( )

127. Differential Configuration

 ( ) ( )

128. Instrumentation Amplifier Figure

 ( ) ( ) ( )

129. Integrator
 ∫

130. Differentiator

 AMPLITUDE MODULATION

131. Modulation Index or Depth of Modulation



 √

132. Carrier Power

√


133. Sideband Power

 ( )
√





134. Total Power




 ( )

 ( )

135. Total Current

 ( )

 √
 FREQUENCY MODULATION

136. Modulation Index

( )
 ( )

137. Bandwidth


ANTENNA

138. Gain
 ( ) ( )

139. Antenna Length


 ( )
 TRAFFIC AND TRUNKING

( )
140.

141. Rate of Traffic Flow

 ( )

142.

143. ( )

144. Grade of Service



 ( )

145. ( ) ( )
 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

146. Channel Capacity or Shannon-Hartley Equation

 ( ) ( )

147. Total number of levels

 ( )

148. Signaling rate



149. Sampling frequency



150. Bandwidth


151. Signal to Noise Ratio

 ( )
 OPTICAL FIBER

152. Acceptance angle to Critical Propagation angle


Figure

153. Critical Incidence angle



154. Critical Propagation angle and Critical Incidence angle



155. Numerical Aperture


 √

156. Relative refractive index



157. Transmission Length

 ( ) ( )

 ( )
 ABBREVIATION
GENERAL

01. OPEC – Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.

02. APEC – Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation.
03. NIPSOM – The National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine.
04. HBFC – House Building Finance Corporation.
05. ESCAP – Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
06. BIMSTEC – Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi Sectoral Technical and Economic Co-
operation.
07. ETC – European Travel Commission.
08. PAMA – The Professional Aviation Maintenance Association.
09. DAMA – The Data Management Association.
10. ISBN – The International Standard Book Number.
11. T&T – Trinidad and Tobago.
12. NHRC – National Human Rights Commission.
13. UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization.
14. IME – Institute of Marine Engineers.
15. IMF – International Monetary Fund.
16. IFAD – International Fund for Agricultural Development.
17. IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature.
18. BTMC – Bangladesh Textile Mills Corporation.
19. ICAB – Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh.
20. TIFA – Tax Increment Financing Authority.
21. BPATC – Bangladesh Public Administration Training Center.
22. SPARRSO – Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization.
23. WASA – Water Supply and Sewerage Authority.
24. BREB – Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board.
25. PDB – Power Development Board.
26. PGCB – Power Grid Company of Bangladesh.
27. EGCB – Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh.
28. DPDC – Dhaka Power Distribution Company.
29. DESCO – Dhaka Electric Supply Company.
30. WZPDC – West Zone Power Distribution Company.
31. SZPDC – South Zone Power Distribution Company.
32. AMTOB – Association of Mobile Telecom Operations in Bangladesh.
TECHNICAL

01. GPS – Global Positioning System

02. GPRS – General Packet Radio Service.
03. GSM – Global System for Mobile Communication.
04. QPSK – Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying.
05. CTBT – The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
06. STM – Scanning Tunneling Microscope.
07. SONET – Synchronous Optical Networking.
08. VSAT – Very Small Aperture Terminal.
09. VSWR – Voltage Standing Wave Ratio.
10. ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
11. ATM – Automated Teller Machine.
12. PABX – Private Automatic Branch Exchange.
13. ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.
14. CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access.
15. TDMA – Time Division Multiple Access.
16. FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access.
17. FTDMA – Frequency-Time Division Multiple Access.
18. OFDM – Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access.
19. CD – Compact Disc.
20. DVD – Digital Video Disc.
21. DVDR – Digital Video Disc Recordable.
22. SCPC – Single Channel per Carrier.
23. NMS – Network Management System.
24. DNS – Domain Name System.
25. PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network.
26. TCP – Transmission Control Protocol.
27. IP – Internet Protocol.
28. USB – Universal Serial Bus.
29. OMR – Optical Mark Recognition.
30. OCR – Optical Character Recognition.
31. MICR – Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.
32. ICR – Intelligent Character Recognition.
33. SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.
34. RADAR – Radio Detection and Ranging.
35. ISD – International Subscriber Dialing.
36. ISDN – International Subscriber Dialing Network.
37. SIM – Subscriber Identification Module.
38. AMPS – Advanced Mobile Phone System.
39. IPS – Emergency Power Supply.
40. UPS – Un-interrupted Power Supply.
41. LASER – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
42. LED – Light Emitting Diode.
43. LCD – Liquid Crystal Display.
44. LDR – Light Dependent Resistor.
45. BJT – Bipolar Junction Transistor.
46. UJT – Unijunction Transistor.
47. JFET – Junction Field Effect Transistor.
48. MOSFET – Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.
49. CMOS – Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.
50. VMOS – Vertical Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor.
51. MESFET – Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.
52. IGFET – Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor.
53. SCR – Silicon Controlled Rectifier.
54. IGBT –
55.