Phase Shifting Transformer Persentation-ABB

Thomas Schmidt, ABB AG Transformers, Sept.
2016
Phase-shifting transformers
Applications & Technology
© ABB Group
October 3, 2016 | Slide 1
Welcome to the ABB
© ABB Group
Phase shifting transformers (PST)
Content
 Introduction
 Why phase-shifting transformers?  Benefits to you

 Quick pay-back period
 Reliability
 Applications  Protect transmission lines

 Increase transmission capacity
 Load sharing
 Power flow control  Theory of electrical power flow control
 Phase angle regulation, transformer

 Technology
designs, tap changers,…
 How to prepare a specification
 Examples/ references  Two-core, single-core designs, sound

enclosures,…
© ABB Group
ABB AG Transformers – Bad Honnef, Germany
Short Introduction of Bad Honnef
© ABB Group
Introduction
ABB AG, Transformers, Bad Honnef, Germany
Bad Honnef
Factory:
Location: Bad Honnef, Germany
Founded: 1906
Employees: 360
Revenues: 130 MUSD
Deliveries: world-wide
© ABB Group
Introduction
ABB AG, Transformers, Bad Honnef, Germany
• Up to 1630MVA
• Up to 500kV
• Up to +/- 80 degrees
Power transformers
• Up to 1100MVA
• Up to 500kV
Industrial transformers
• Arc Furnace, Rectifier, Converter
• Wide LV regulating range
• LV current to hundreds of kA
• Rated power up to 200 MVA
• Rated voltage up to 400 kV
© ABB Group
Benefits
© ABB Group
Why phase-shifting transformers?
Benefits to you - higher revenues
PST helps you

 Improve your operating performance
 Increase total power flow
in a given corridor w/o violation of N-1 criterion
 Remove bottle necks

in the electrical grid
=> increase your revenues

 increase supply of power
to the customer e.g. 100 MW for
2000 h/a can result in approximately
=> 4 MEuro/a revenues

(at ~ 20 Euro/MWh)
© ABB Group
Simulation of power flow
© ABB
Month DD, YYYY | Slide 14
Simplified grid model
Power Flow w/o PST
© ABB
Simplified grid model
Superposition of a Loop Flow
© ABB
Applications
© ABB
Applications
Increase transmission capacity
Increase
 Load sharing
on parallel lines
transmission
capacity of  Control power flow
lines between neighboring countries
 Optimizing losses
in transmission networks
 Avoiding overloads
Parallel transmission lines on transmission lines
Increase  Adding generation

transmission G without increasing SC-power
capacity of 3
substations  Push power
G G over high-impedance line
1 2
New high impedance line
© ABB Group
Applications
Smaller scale applications
Block parasitic  Compensate angle difference

power flow at municipal networks caused by
additional infeeds
G G G  Block parasitic power flow

and overload
caused by transmission angle
1 > 2 2 differences in feeding network(s).
Cables dimensioned for radial flow
Split  Defined sharing of real power

generation to different systems/ customers
Generation serves two networks
© ABB Group
Applications
Access to new generation (e.g. wind farm)
Connect  Allowing access of new

generation
(e.g. wind turbine parks, solar
power, …)
 Independent Power Flow

Increase Control on transmission lines
without having control of generation
Protect  Protection
against unplanned power flows
 Basis for
selling transmission capacity
© ABB Group
Phase shifting transformers

Power flow control
© ABB Group
Power flow control
Theory
X  Phase shifting transformers are

S L power flow controllers
 The phase angle between two
V SV L
P sin(  S   L ) systems determine the power
X exchange
VS - VL
X XT VS - VL
S L
I
VV VS VL
P  S L sin(S  L  )
X  XT
S - L + 
© ABB Group
Power flow with phase-shifting transformers
Optimization of load sharing and transmission capacity
Two synchronous
systems.
VS ,  S VL ,  L
Transmision lines
with different
impedances e.g.
overhead / cable or
L
400 kV / 110 kV.
Transmision angle G P
difference S - L
G
drives power flow
with unbalanced load
G L
sharing of lines.
The low impedance
line is overloaded,
limiting the total
L
transmission capacity
L
of the corridor.
PST impose an
additional circulating
L
G
current, thus
improving the
balance of power P
flows.
The total
transmission capacity
increases.
© ABB Group
Technology
© ABB Group
Technology
Rotating the voltage phasor
The phase shifter rotates In pure phase shifting

the phasor orientation transformers a voltage in
between the source and quadrature to the source
load side. voltage is injected into the
line
V3S V1L VL V VS
L
V3L
V1S
S
adv
V2S V2L
© ABB Group
Technology
Basic principle
Starting with a
symmetrical
three-phase
V1S V1L
system with a
certain load flow
V2S V2L
A PST shall be
used to control
the load flow
V3S V3L
The PST takes a
fraction of the two
neighbor phases
Combines them
as a difference
voltage
Which is then
injected into the
third phase
based on a picture
from SETFO
© ABB Group
Technology
Basic principle
V Source voltage Ue
V1S V1L excites the Exciter transformer
U1e
Tapped voltage of the neighbouring
phases, optimised intermediate
voltage to utilize the tap changer best
U1reg
The resulting quadrature

voltage uinj
u1inj Will be transformed and will be
injected between source and
load (Voltage V)
© ABB Group
Technology
Electrical designs
Single-Core – Two-Core
Single tank – Two tank
Symmetrical – Non-symmetrical
90° regulation – 60° regulation
Two-Core  Quad Booster Single-Core  Extended Delta

 Polygon, Squashed Delta
 “always” except for different grounding  Up to Um 245 kV
methods on S and L side
 In networks with low short circuit power
 May be unnecessarily large & expensive
 Two-Winding Transformer
(wye-wye)
 HV > LV
© ABB Group
Technology
Symmetrical two-core concept
V1S Transformation
V1L of
the injected voltage
V2S V2L
V3S V3L
Series
transformer
Excited by the Tapped voltage of the neighbouring

source voltage phases, optimised intermediate voltage
Exciter transformer
© ABB Group
Technology
Symmetrical single-core design - extended delta
V1 V1
Excitation of the core by the
S L
phase voltage connected in
 Delta
A part of the resulting voltage
V3L between phase 2 and 3
V2S
Will be transformed and will be
load (Voltage V)
V3S V2L
Single-core
Delta connected winding
Symmetric regulation
Two set of tap changers
© ABB Group
Technology
Symmetrical single-core design - extended delta
Single-core, V1S
symmetric design
ue11
V1L
ue12
V2S
V2L
V3S
V3L
© ABB Group
Technology
Non-symmetrical single-core design - extended delta
V
V1S V1L
Excitation of the core by the
phase voltage connected in
 Delta
V3L between phase 2 and 3
V2S Will be transformed and will be

V3S load (Voltage V)
V2L
Single-core
Delta connected winding
Non-symmetric regulation
One set of tap changers
© ABB Group
Technology
Asymmetrical single-core design - extended delta
V1S V1L
V2S V2L
V
V3S V3L

between phase 2 and 3
Excitation of the core by the will be transformed and will be
phase voltage connected in injected between source and
Delta load (Voltage V)
© ABB Group
Performance characteristics
Differences to normal power transformers
 Power for which phase shifter is dimensioned

depends on maximum phase angle
 Higher insulation demands
 Larger, more complex tapped windings
 Demanding specs on OLTCs: step voltages,
switching power, reactance and capacitance of
large tapped windings
 Phase shift in load currents on a given core
limb cause additional stray flux, forces, losses
 Multitude of load cases to be checked for
optimisation
© ABB Group
Specification
© ABB Group
Technology
Develop successfully a PST specification
Control power flow? Detect power flow issues Push power to

Protect lines? different voltage level?
Description of What is required? limit, block, control,

functionality balance power flow
Contact ABB prior tender

Load flow studies Define necessary services & Situation
MVA ~ phase angle ° transformer characteristics today & future
Transport Project boundaries

Installation Time & Money
© ABB Group
Phase Shifting transformer
Develop technical transformer specification
 T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
 Cm
ue
 Required purpose/ functions of PST

sr
Iterative process
t
oM
 Technical needs
ma
en
ru
 Transformer environment
f
a
c
 Boundary conditions (e.g. transport)
t
u
r
 Draft technical specification
e
r
 Evaluation criteria (losses)
 Check list
 Quick budgetary proposals
=>Optimized  Draft technical data
 Technical comments &
specification recommendations
 Technical limits
© ABB Group
ABB’s extra services for you
Special tools for concept selection
Electrical Designof PhaseShiftingTransformersforTenders
Schritt 1: Selectionof Concept
Inputs1 Typical tapchangercharacteristics
tapchanger, maxswitching maxstep

Ratedpower, MVA P_S 75 MRequivalents cost EURO powerkVA voltagekV
RatedSourceVoltage, kV US 154,5 VIII 525 1500
RatedLoadVoltage, kV UL 154,5 MI 30000 3500 3,3
BIL, kV BIL 650 MIII 30000 1500 3,3
BILtertiary(test) winding, kV BIL_tert 150 RI 50000 6000 3
Max. no-loadangle, degrees alpha 29 RIII 60000 3000 4
Advanceandretardanglerequired? adv_ret yes GI 226000 6500 5
Voltageregulationrange% Volt_reg 13,75 GIII 226000 5000 5
No. of stepsfineregulating, angle N_angle 16 ARS 25000 0
no. of coarsereg. Windings, angle N_coarse 0
No. of steps(voltage) N_volt 11
frequent tapchanging? n Basecost activepart, EURO/MVA 7030 dependsonvoltage! +13%for singlecoredesigns!
additional reactor%impedance, % extra_uk 0
estimated%impedanceat max. angle, % estimated_max_uk 12
Overload, % Overload 0
Overvoltage, % Overvolt 0 Whenprincipledesignhasbeenchosen: save, thenhit button!
loadpowerfactor cos_phi 1
Outputs1
Design asymmetricauto symmetricauto hexagonal groundedwye, two asymmYY, single

delta delta core core
SeriesTransformerratio K 3,1
voltageacross
OLTC>80kV!
Voltagephasorin V_S 89,2 89,2 89,2 89,2 89,2

Voltagephasorout V_L 102,0 89,2 89,2 89,2 102,0
loadanglebyPSTimpedance 6,8 6,8 6,8 6,8 6,8
max. advancephaseshift underload a_adv_load 22,2 22,2 22,2 22,2 22,2
max. retardphaseshift underload a_ret_load 35,8 35,8 35,8 35,8 35,8
Voltagesandcurrentsat max. angle,w/ooverloadandovervoltage

quadraturebooster voltage, kV delta_V 49,4 44,7 44,7 44,7 49,4
quadraturebooster voltageunderload, retard, kV delta_V_max 64,4 54,9 54,9 54,9 64,4
ratedI_source, A I_source 280,3 280,3
ratedI_load, A I_load 245,1 280,3 280,3 280,3 280,3
ratedI_regulatingwinding,inphase, A I_reg 245,1 271,3 230,8 156,6 280,3
ratedI_regulatingwinding,out of phase, A 135,9 70,2
ratedI_booster, A I_boost 90,4
ratedexcitationcurrent at maximumangle, A I_excite 78,4 81,0 81,0 140,3
We develop a custom made transformer together with you!
© ABB Group
ABB’s extra services for you
Supporting material
 IEC 62032 / IEEE C12.135

double logo standard
Guide for the application,
specification and testing
of PSTs
 IEC 60076-57-1202 Ed.1:

Power transformers – Part 57-
1202: Liquid immersed phase-
shifting transformers
DRAFT ONLY (2015)
© ABB Group
Reference list
© ABB Group
ABB Phase Shifting Transformers
Country of No. of Through- Rated Phase Angle Voltage Year of ABB
Customer installation units Put Rating Voltage (No load) Regulation delivery Workshop/
[MVA] [kV] [degree] [%] Country
RWE Germany 4 350 400/ 120 +27 ±15 *2016 Bad Honnef, GER
Alpiq Switzerland 4 150 380/ 220 ±10 ±10 *2015 Bad Honnef, GER
Con Edison USA 1 575 345/ 345 ±40 2013 Bad Honnef, GER
Transelec Chile 2 350 230/ 230 ±12 2011 Bad Honnef, GER
RTE France 1 565 240/ 240 ± 27,5 2013 Bad Honnef, GER
RTE France 1 63 66/ 66 +18/ -22 2011 Bad Honnef, GER
Amprion Germany 1 600 230/ 230 ± 20 2011 Bad Honnef, GER
EWZ Switzerland 2 250 220/ 150 ± 11,2 +15%,-21% 2010 Bad Honnef, GER
REE Spain 1 1270 400/ 400 ±10 2010 Cordoba, ES
REE Spain 1 750 230/ 230 ±30 2010 Cordoba, ES
Steag Germany 1 150 110(65) ± 31 ± 16% 2008 Bad Honnef, GER
AET Mendrisio Switzerland 1 400 400/ 155 ± 23.7 ± 13% 2008 Bad Honnef, GER
ELIA Belgium 3 1400 400/ 400 ± 25 2007 Bad Honnef, GER
TERNA Padriciano Italy 1 370 230/ 230 ± 32 2007 Bad Honnef, GER
EWZ Switzerland 1 250 220/ 150 ± 11,2 +15%,-21% 2007 Bad Honnef, GER
Montana Alberta Tie Canada 1 330 230/ 240 ± 79 2006 Bad Honnef, GER
Austrian PowerGrid Austria 3 600 232 /232 ± 35 2006 Bad Honnef, GER
Stw Ulm Germany 1 100 110/ 110 +7 2005 Bad Honnef, GER
TERNA Rondissone Italy 2 1630 400/ 400 +18 2003 Bad Honnef, GER
© ABB Group
Country of No. of Through- Rated Phase Angle Voltage Year of
Customer installation units Put Rating Voltage (No load) Regulation delivery Workshop /
Stw Saarbrücken Germany 1 90 110/ 110 + 42 ± 13% 2003 Bad Honnef, GER
KeySpan USA 1 450 138/ 138 ± 58 2002 Bad Honnef, GER
Commonwealth Edison USA 1 336 138/ 138 ± 30 ± 5% 2001 Bad Honnef, GER
FURNAS - ANGRA Brazil 1 400 138/ 138 ±21 2000 Gual., BR
Ontario Hydro Canada 2 845 240/ 240 ± 47 2000 Varennes, CA
Detroit Edison USA 1 675 240/ 240 ± 47 2000 Secheron, CH
Commomwealth EdisonUSA 1 336 138/ 138 ± 15 ± 5% 1999 Bad Honnef, GER
Manitoba Hydro Canada 2 200 138/ 230 ± 60 1997/8 Varennes, CA
EOS Switzerland 1 200 240/ 132 ± 9.6 ± 13.5% 1997 Secheron, CH
Southwestern PS USA 1 150 120/ 120 ± 53 1996 Muncie, US
Con Edison USA 1 234 138/ 138 ± 25 1996 Muncie, US
Sierra Pacific USA 2 300 345/ 345 ± 58 1996 Muncie, US
PSE&G USA 2 885 230/ 230 ± 32 1994 Muncie, US
IFV Power Company Denmark 1 500 400/ 132 + 22 ± 12% 1993 Mannheim, GER
New Brunswick Power Canada 1 225 138/ 138 + 30 - 1991 Mannheim, GER
Commonwealth Edison USA 1 336 138/ 138 ± 15 ± 5% 1991 Muncie, US
Utah P&L USA 1 302 230/ 230 ± 74 1990 Muncie, US
© ABB Group
Nevada Power USA 2 336 345/ 345 ± 73 1990 Muncie, US

WAPA USA 4 300 345/ 345 + 67 to - 60 1988 Muncie, US
AGSM Verona Italy 1 60 220/ 130 ± 10 ± 10% 1984 Lignano, IT
Saskatchewan Power Canada 1 200 250/ 230 ± 70 ± 20% 1981 Guelph, CA
Montana Power USA 1 100 161/ 161 ± 60 1980 Muncie, US
Montana Power USA 1 300 230/ 230 ± 60 1980 Muncie, US
Ontario Hydro Canada 1 300 240 ± 40 ± 15% 1978 Guelph, CA
AGSM Verona Italy 1 60 220/ 130 ± 10 ± 10% 1977 Lignano, IT
Commonwealth Edison USA 1 336 138/ 138 ± 15 ± 5.5% 1977 Muncie, US
Salt River Project USA 1 350 230/ 230 + 47 to - 32 1977 Muncie, US
GKW Mannheim Germany 2 200 110/ 110 ± 20 - 1976 Mannheim, GER
NWK Germany 1 300 220/ 220 ± 30 ± 5% 1975 Mannheim, GER
Puget Sound P&L USA 1 400 118/ 118 0 to +21 ± 7.5% 1975 Muncie, US
Ontario Hydro Canada 1 500 230 ± 40 ± 10% 1974 Guelph, CA
PEPCO USA 2 150 135/ 135 ± 25 1972 Muncie, US
Manitoba Hydro Canada 2 200 230/ 115 ± 60 1971 Guelph, CA
© ABB Group
LILCO USA 1 220 138/ 138 ± 10 1971 Muncie, US
Cor. De Energia Elec. Perù 1 100 210/210 ± 20 ± 6% 1970 Lignano, IT
Badenwerk & EVS Germany 1 300 220/ 220 ± 28 ± 10% 1968 Mannheim, GER
Dow Chemical Canada 1 41,6 13,4 ± 15 ± 10% 1966 Guelph, CA
Idaho Power USA 1 300 230/ 230 0 to + 30 1965 Muncie, US
Ontario Hydro Canada 1 300 240 ± 40 1963 Guelph, CA
Hydro-Quebec Canada 4 150 230 1956 Guelph, CA
Total No. of units/ MVA 96 37.995
* = under commissioning
** = under construction
*** = order received
© ABB Group
Commonwealth Edison, Chicago, USA
Customer need
 Control of power flow in the surrounding ring
and into the city of Chicago
 Avoiding parasitic power flow on the 138 kV cable
network
ABB response
 One 300MVA, 138 kV, ±15° Phase shifting transformer
Customer benefits
 Increase the reliability of power supply
Customer: ComEd
Year of
commissioning: 2000
Project volume: one phase shifting
transformer
© ABB Group
Commonwealth Edison, Chicago, USA
Customer need
 Control of power flow in the surrounding ring and into
the city of Chicago
 Avoiding parasitic power flow on the 138 kV cable
network
ABB response
 One 300MVA, 138 kV, ± 30° Phase shifting
transformer
Customer benefits
Customer: ComEd
Year of
commissioning: 2001
transformer
© ABB Group
Keyspan, Long Island, USA
Customer need
 New 138kV submarine cable connection in New York
 Balance power flows in 345 kV and 138 kV systems.
 Increase the power import capacity
ABB response
 One 450MVA, 138, ± 58° Phase shifting transformer with
series reactor
Customer benefits
 Small increments of power flow, (64 taps)
Customer: Keyspan
Year of
commissioning: 2002
transformer
© ABB Group
Terna Rondissone, Italy
Customer need
 Increasing the import capacity from France to Italy
 Meeting the n-1 criteria on the importing lines to Italy
during high load
ABB response
 Two 400 kV, 1630 MVA, +18° phase-shifting transformers
 Substation controls and automation
Customer benefits
 Increase of import
capacity with cost savings
of 1 MEUR/ month during
a few months a year
Customer: TERNA  Optimization of
Year of energy transmissions
commissioning: 2003
Project volume: 2 phase-shifting transformers,
extension of substation and
protection & control
© ABB Group
Elia Zandvliet & van Eyck, Belgium
Customer need
 Reduction of unscheduled load flow
 Increase of import capacity
ABB response
 Three units 400 kV, 1400 MVA, ± 25° phase-shifting
transformers
 2 units with sound enclosure to reach 20 dB reduction
 Total weight of each transformer > 1.300.000 kg
 Total foot print including cooling 36*18,5m
Customer benefits
 Better negotiation position within UCTE
 Ability to purchase power at
more reasonable prices
Customer: Elia
Year of  Increased reliability of the grid
commissioning: 2008
Project volume: Three PS transformers,
Protection & Controls
© ABB Group
Montana – Alberta Tie Ltd, Canada
Customer need
 Building first-ever merchant power transmission line
 Control of power flow
ABB response
 System studies, basic specification
 One unit 230 kV, 330 MVA, ± 79°, +5% phase-shifting
and voltage regulating transformers
 Protection and control
Customer benefits
 Please see www.matl.ca
 Revenues by selling transmission capacity
 Increase of system reliability
Customer: MATL
Year of
commissioning: 2009
Project volume: 345 kM, 300 MW, 230 kV
line including the PST,
protection & control
© ABB Group
EWZ UW Fällanden1&2, Switzerland
Customer need
 Post contingency N-1 security
 Decrease of short circuit current level
 Control of parasitic power flow
ABB response
 Up to five units (3 are contracted) 220/ 150 kV, 250 MVA,
± 11,2°, +15%, -21% phase-shifting and voltage
regulating transformers
 Monitoring
Customer benefits
 Reducing the no of 220/ 150kV Substations
Customer: EWZ  Increased reliability of network operation
Year of
commissioning: 2007  Increase of feeder capacity under contingency conditions
Project volume: Modification of Zurich’s
feeder system on 220/150kV,
including up to 5 PST’s
© ABB Group
RWE/ Amprion Ensdorf S/S, Germany
Customer need
 Increase capacity of 225kV line between France and
Germany
 Balance cross-country power flow on two parallel lines
 Avoid overload on French side
ABB response
 One phase shifting transformer
Two-tank design
225/ 225 kV, 600 MVA, with
±20° phase angle regulation
Customer benefits
 Increased cross-country transmission capacity
 Control of power flow
 Balanced power flow on parallel lines
Customer: Amprion
Year of  Increased network reliability
commissioning: 2011
Project volume: One PS transformer
© ABB Group
Transelec Cerro Navia S/S, Santiago de Chile
Customer need
 Increase transmission capacity of 230kV line
in Santiago area
 Avoiding circulating currents
ABB response
 Delivery of two phase shifting transformers
230/ 230 kV, 350 MVA, with
 Delivery of phase shift angle control unit
 Technical support for protection and control
Customer benefits
 Increased electrical power flow without building new
lines
Customer: Transelec
 Flexible power flow control
Year of
commissioning: 2011  Improved system reliability
Project volume: 2 PS transformers
© ABB Group
Consolidated Edison Gowanus Station, New York, USA
Customer need
 Maintain system reliability and control power flow within
the New York City electrical network.
 Compact design for standard transformer bays and
transports within NY city limits
ABB response
 Outstanding design for complex requirements
 Delivery of two phase shifting transformers with sound
enclosure attached to the tank.
138/ 138 kV, 300 MVA, with
 Efficient design with low losses
Customer benefits
 Increased system reliability due to modern, compact and
Customer: ConEd low sound regulating transformers
Year of
commissioning: 2012/ 2013  Standard foot print for easy installation at varies
Project volume: 2 PS transformers substations
© ABB Group
Consolidated Edison Ramapo Station, New York, USA
Customer need
 Reliable power supply into the City of New York. Protect
transmission lines into New York City and avoid
overloads.
 Large regulating range
 Comply with strict NY sound level requirements
ABB response
 Complex design with gigantic hand made tap changers
 Delivery of one two-tank phase shifting transformer with
attached sound enclosure
345/ 345 kV, 575 MVA, with
Customer benefits
 Control of power flow via modern regulating transformers
with compact design, high efficiency and low sound
Customer: ConEd
levels
Year of  Standard foot print for easy installation at varies
commissioning: 2013 substations.
Project volume: 1 PS transformers
© ABB Group
ALPIQ Chatelard, Switzerland
Customer need
 Control power flow on major transmission line between
Italy and Switzerland
 Distribute power from new hydro power plant
ABB response
 Delivery and installation of one 1-ph. phase shifter bank
with spare unit, external cabling and monitoring
380/ 220 kV, 450 MVA, with
±10° phase angle regulation and
±10% voltage regulation
 Low transport weight due to single-phase design
Customer benefits
 Increased reliability of network operation
 Flexible regulation of power flow
Customer: ALPIQ
Year of
commissioning: 2014 (still open)
Project volume: One PS Transformer group
© ABB Group
© ABB Group

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Thomas Schmidt, ABB AG Transformers, Sept.

 Why phase-shifting transformers?  Benefits to you

 Applications  Protect transmission lines

 Power flow control  Theory of electrical power flow control

 Phase angle regulation, transformer

 Examples/ references  Two-core, single-core designs, sound

PST helps you

 Remove bottle necks

=> increase your revenues

=> 4 MEuro/a revenues

Increase  Adding generation

New high impedance line

Block parasitic  Compensate angle difference

G G G  Block parasitic power flow

Cables dimensioned for radial flow

Split  Defined sharing of real power

Generation serves two networks

Connect  Allowing access of new

 Independent Power Flow

Phase shifting transformers

X  Phase shifting transformers are

The phase shifter rotates In pure phase shifting

The resulting quadrature

Two-Core  Quad Booster Single-Core  Extended Delta

Excited by the Tapped voltage of the neighbouring

V2S Will be transformed and will be

A part of the resulting voltage

 Power for which phase shifter is dimensioned

Control power flow? Detect power flow issues Push power to

Description of What is required? limit, block, control,

Contact ABB prior tender

Transport Project boundaries

 Required purpose/ functions of PST

 Evaluation criteria (losses)

Schritt 1: Selectionof Concept

Inputs1 Typical tapchangercharacteristics

tapchanger, maxswitching maxstep

Design asymmetricauto symmetricauto hexagonal groundedwye, two asymmYY, single

Voltagephasorin V_S 89,2 89,2 89,2 89,2 89,2

Voltagesandcurrentsat max. angle,w/ooverloadandovervoltage

We develop a custom made transformer together with you!

 IEC 62032 / IEEE C12.135

 IEC 60076-57-1202 Ed.1:

Nevada Power USA 2 336 345/ 345 ± 73 1990 Muncie, US

Total No. of units/ MVA 96 37.995

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