Table 19.

Permissible shear stress Table τc in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100Ast Permissible shear stress in concrete τc N/mm2
bd Grade 15 20 25 30 35 40 <
0.15 % 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.3
0.25 % 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
0.50 % 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5 0.51
0.75 % 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59 0.6
1.00 % 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67 0.68
1.25 % 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73 0.74
1.50 % 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.79
1.75 % 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.8 0.82 0.84
2.00 % 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88
2.25 % 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9 0.92
2.50 % 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93 0.95
2.75 % 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96 0.98
3.00 % 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99 1.01

Table: Factor k for design shear strength of concrete for soild slab (k τ c) (IS 456-2000, Cl. 40.2.1.1)

Over all depth of slab 300 or 275 250 225 200 175 150 or
more less
k 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Table 20: Maximum shear stress τc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete 15 20 25 30 35 40
τc.max 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.7 4

Table: Permissible Bond stress Table τ bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000, Cl. 26.2.1.1)
Grade of concrete 15 20 25 30 35 40
τbd (N /mm2) 1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9

Table: Development Length

Grade of τbd Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

concrete (N/mm2) Tension Comp. Tension Comp.
M 15 - - - - -
M 20 1.2 44 1.28
M 25 1.4 39 1.44
M 30 1.5 35 1.6
M 35 1.7 32 1.76
M 40 1.9 29 1.92
 COMBINED FOOTING DESIGN
GRID NAME C-D-2

A) Given Data
Size of column Heavy Lighter
Bc = 0.3 m 0.3 m
Dc = 0.3 m 0.3 m
Column Load (V) = 699 KN 381 KN
Distance bet'n column = 2.3876 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 150 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
*Note:Ce
B) Calculation
ntre of of size of footing
area
footing wt. of foundation = 108 KN
area Total Load (P)= 1188 KN
Coincide
with the Area of footing = 7.920 m2
load c.g.
C.G. of loads from center of lighter
loaded column = 1.546 m
Clear projection from lighter
column = 0m
Size of footing
L= 3.392 m
B= 2.335 m
Provided (L) = 3.400 m
Provided (B) = 2.400 m
Actual Area (A) = 8.16 m2
Upward reaction (w) = 198.530 KN/m

C) Design of Slab

i) Effective depth for maximum bending moment

Max'm B.M. = 251 KN-m

B.M. = 0.133f ck
bd2
depth (d)= 0.198 m 199 mm
Provided depth (d) = 0.4 m 400 mm

ii) Depth for punching shear criteria

Per. Shear Strength (τc) = 0.25√fck 1.118 N/mm2 (*Note: IS 456-

Max'm Factored Load = 1048.5 KN 2000, Cl. 31.6.3)
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.936 N/mm2
OK
 iii) Reinforcement
a) Sagging moment (positive )

B.M. = 251 KN-m

** B.M. at the face of
Ast = 1503 mm2 column, From Diagram
Provided, Size = 16 mm dia
spacing required = 322 Provided = 150 600

Ast Provided= 3217 mm2

400
OK
b) Hogging moment (negative) 200

0
B.M. = 178 KN-m 0 0
** B.M. at zero S.F., From -200...
Ast = 1053 m2 Diagram
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
-400...
spacing required = 258 Provided = 150
Ast Provided= 1810 mm2 -600...
OK
-800...

iv) Check for one way shear

Max'm S.F. = 377 KN ** From Diagram
shear(τ'V) = 0.393 N/mm 2

Provided Ast = 0.335 %

β= 6.93
Shear strength of concrete(τc) = 0.406 N/mm2
Result = OK

v) Transverse Reinforcement
At Heavier Column
Span as centilever = 1.05 m
Width of bending strip = Bc+2d
= 1.4124 m
Net Upward Pressure (P') = 309.314 KN/m2
Max'm B.M. = 240.827 KN-m
2
B.M. = 0.133fckbd
depth (d)= 0.301 m
SAFE
Eff. Depth for transverse reinforcement = 0.384 m

B.M. = 240.827 KN-m

Ast = 1482 mm2
Provided, Size = 16 mm dia
Spacing Required = 191 mm c/c Provided 150
 Ast Provided= 1894 mm2
OK
Symmary of Footing Slab
Effective depth (d)= 0.4 m
Overall depth (D) = 0.45 m
Longitudional Bar
Bottom, Size = 16 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Top, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Transverse Bar
Bottom, Size = 16 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
**Do Not Move

1048.5 KN 571.5 KN

w= 476 KN/m
0.862 2.3876 0.15

Bending Moment and Shear Force Value

Distance B.M S.F. Remark

0.000 0.000 0.000 Edge of Footing
0.078 1.452 37.176
0.156 5.807 74.351
0.234 13.065 111.527
0.312 23.227 148.702 At d dist.
0.712 120.788 339.102 Face of cloumn
0.862 177.009 410.502 Centre of Column
0.862 177.009 -637.998 Centre of Column
1.012 86.664 -566.598 Face of cloumn
1.412 -101.895 -376.198 At d dist.
2.000 -240.774 -96.500
2.100 -248.044 -48.900
2.203 -250.555 0.128
2.300 -248.304 46.300
2.400 -241.294 93.900
2.500 -229.524 141.500
2.700 -191.704 236.700 At d dist.
3.100 -58.944 427.100 Face of cloumn
3.250 10.476 498.500 Centre of Column
3.250 10.476 -73.000 Centre of Column
3.400 4.881 -1.600 Face of cloumn
3.400 4.881 -1.600 At d dist. Or Edge
3.400 4.881 -1.600
3.400 4.881 -1.600
3.400 4.881 -1.600
3.400 4.881 -1.600 Edge of Footing
 Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram

600
B.M
400

200

0
0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4
-200...

-400...

-600...

-800...
 COMBINED FOOTING DESIGN
GRID NAME C-D-1

A) Given Data
Size of column Heavy Lighter
Bc = 0.3 m 0.3 m
Dc = 0.3 m 0.3 m
Column Load (V) = 638 KN 322 KN
Distance bet'n column = 2.3876 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 150 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
*Note:Ce
B) Calculation
ntre of of size of footing
area
footing wt. of foundation = 96 KN
area Total Load (P)= 1056 KN
Coincide
with the Area of footing = 7.040 m2
load c.g.
C.G. of loads from center of lighter
loaded column = 1.587 m
Clear projection from lighter
column = 0m
Size of footing
L= 3.474 m
B= 2.026 m
Provided (L) = 3.500 m
Provided (B) = 2.100 m
Actual Area (A) = 7.35 m2
Upward reaction (w) = 195.920 KN/m

C) Design of Slab

i) Effective depth for maximum bending moment

Max'm B.M. = 194 KN-m

B.M. = 0.133f ck
bd2
depth (d)= 0.186 m 187 mm
Provided depth (d) = 0.4 m 400 mm

ii) Depth for punching shear criteria

Per. Shear Strength (τc) = 0.25√fck 1.118 N/mm2 (*Note: IS 456-

Max'm Factored Load = 957 KN 2000, Cl. 31.6.3)
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.854 N/mm2
OK
 iii) Reinforcement
a) Sagging moment (positive )

B.M. = 194 KN-m

** B.M. at the face of
Ast = 1156 mm2 column, From Diagram
Provided, Size = 16 mm dia
spacing required = 366 Provided = 150 600

Ast Provided= 2815 mm2

400
OK
b) Hogging moment (negative) 200

0
B.M. = 191 KN-m 0 0
** B.M. at zero S.F., From -200...
Ast = 1137 m2 Diagram
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
-400...
spacing required = 209 Provided = 150
Ast Provided= 1584 mm2 -600...
OK
-800...

iv) Check for one way shear

Max'm S.F. = 336 KN ** From Diagram
shear(τ'V) = 0.400 N/mm 2

Provided Ast = 0.335 %

β= 6.93
Shear strength of concrete(τc) = 0.406 N/mm2
Result = OK

v) Transverse Reinforcement
At Heavier Column
Span as centilever = 0.9 m
Width of bending strip = Bc+2d
= 1.5124 m
Net Upward Pressure (P') = 301.319 KN/m2
Max'm B.M. = 184.564 KN-m
2
B.M. = 0.133fckbd
depth (d)= 0.263 m
SAFE
Eff. Depth for transverse reinforcement = 0.384 m

B.M. = 184.564 KN-m

Ast = 1113 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing Required = 153 mm c/c Provided 150
 Ast Provided= 1141 mm2
OK
Symmary of Footing Slab
Effective depth (d)= 0.4 m
Overall depth (D) = 0.45 m
Longitudional Bar
Bottom, Size = 16 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Top, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Transverse Bar
Bottom, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
**Do Not Move

957 KN 483 KN

w= 411 KN/m
0.962 2.3876 0.15

Bending Moment and Shear Force Value

Distance B.M S.F. Remark

0.000 0.000 0.000 Edge of Footing
0.103 2.184 42.374
0.206 8.738 84.748
0.309 19.659 127.122
0.412 34.950 169.496 At d dist.
0.812 135.629 333.896 Face of cloumn
0.962 190.337 395.546 Centre of Column
0.962 190.337 -561.454 Centre of Column
1.112 110.743 -499.804 Face of cloumn
1.512 -56.299 -335.404 At d dist.
1.700 -111.988 -258.300
1.800 -135.763 -217.200
1.850 -146.109 -196.650
2.200 -189.763 -52.800
2.330 -193.154 0.630
2.400 -192.103 29.400
2.800 -147.463 193.800 At d dist.
3.200 -37.063 358.200 Face of cloumn
3.350 21.291 419.850 Centre of Column
3.350 21.291 -63.150 Centre of Column
3.500 16.442 -1.500 Face of cloumn
3.500 16.442 -1.500 At d dist. Or Edge
3.500 16.442 -1.500
3.500 16.442 -1.500
3.500 16.442 -1.500
3.500 16.442 -1.500 Edge of Footing
 Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram

600
B.M
400

200

0
0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4
-200...

-400...

-600...

-800...
 COMBINED FOOTING DESIGN
GRID NAME C-D-3

A) Given Data **Do Not Move

Size of column Heavy Lighter
Bc = 0.3048 m 0.3048 m 538.5 KN 357 KN
Dc = 0.3048 m 0.3048 m
Column Load (V) = 359 KN 238 KN
Distance bet'n column = 2.286 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 150 KN/m2 w= 245.34 KN/m
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa 1.212 2.286 0.1524
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
*Note:Ce
B) Calculation
ntre of of size of footing
area
footing wt. of foundation = 59.7 KN Bending Moment and Shear Force Value
area Total Load (P)= 656.7 KN
Coincide Distance B.M S.F. Remark
with the Area of footing = 4.378 m2
load c.g. 0.000 0.000 0.000 Edge of Footing
C.G. of loads from center of lighter 0.152 2.845 37.365
loaded column = 1.375 m 0.305 11.381 74.731
0.457 25.608 112.096
Clear projection from lighter
column = 0m 0.609 45.526 149.461 At d dist.
Size of footing 1.059 137.624 259.864 Face of cloumn
L= 3.055 m 1.212 180.076 297.254 Centre of Column
B= 1.433 m 1.212 180.076 -241.246 Centre of Column
Provided (L) = 3.650 m 11.9750656 ft 1.364 146.160 -203.856 Face of cloumn
Provided (B) = 2.134 m 7 ft 1.814 79.265 -93.453 At d dist.
Actual Area (A) = 7.78764 m2 1.700 91.513 -121.422
Upward reaction (w) = 114.990 KN/m 1.800 80.597 -96.888
2.200 61.469 1.248
C) Design of Slab 2.400 66.626 50.316
2.550 76.933 87.117
i) Effective depth for maximum bending moment 2.600 81.596 99.384
2.895 121.624 171.808 At d dist.
Max'm B.M. = 270 KN-m 3.345 223.778 282.211 Face of cloumn

Page 12 of 15
 B.M. = 0.133fckbd
2
3.498 269.636 319.601 Centre of Column
depth (d)= 0.218 m 219 mm 3.498 269.636 -37.399 Centre of Column

Page 13 of 15
 Provided depth (d) = 0.45 m 450 mm 3.650 266.786 -0.009 Face of cloumn
17.7165354 in 3.650 266.786 -0.009 At d dist. Or Edge
ii) Depth for punching shear criteria 3.650 266.786 -0.009
3.650 266.786 -0.009
Per. Shear Strength (τc) = 0.25√fck 1.118 3.650 266.786 -0.009
N/mm2 (*Note: IS 456-
Max'm Factored Load = 538.5 KN 2000, Cl. 31.6.3) 3.650 266.786 -0.009 Edge of Footing
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.396 N/mm2
OK
iii) Reinforcement
a) Sagging moment (positive )

Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram

B.M. = 224 KN-m
** B.M. at the face of
Ast = 1182 mm2 column, From Diagram
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
400
spacing required = 205 Provided = 150 B.M
Ast Provided= 1609 mm2 300
OK 200
b) Hogging moment (negative)
100

0
B.M. = 62 KN-m 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4
** B.M. at zero S.F., From
Ast = 320 m2 Diagram -100...
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
-200...
spacing required = 755 Provided = 150
Ast Provided= 1609 mm2 -300...

OK

iv) Check for one way shear

Max'm S.F. = 298 KN ** From Diagram
shear(τ'V) = 0.310 N/mm 2

Provided Ast = 0.168 %

β= 13.86
Shear strength of concrete(τc) = 0.302 N/mm2

Page 14 of 15
 Result = NOT OK

v) Transverse Reinforcement
At Heavier Column
Span as centilever = 0.9144 m
Width of bending strip = Bc+2d
= 1.814 m
Net Upward Pressure (P') = 139.135 KN/m2
Max'm B.M. = 105.515 KN-m
2
B.M. = 0.133fckbd
depth (d)= 0.199 m
SAFE
Eff. Depth for transverse reinforcement = 0.438 m

B.M. = 105.515 KN-m

Ast = 549 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing Required = 373 mm c/c Provided 150
Ast Provided= 1368 mm2
OK
Symmary of Footing Slab
Effective depth (d)= 0.45 m
Overall depth (D) = 0.5 m 1.64041995
Longitudional Bar
Bottom, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Top, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Transverse Bar
Bottom, Size = 12 mm dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c

Page 15 of 15