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Air Pollution Control

CHE EB13

Department of Term/Academic Year:


Chemical Engineering Second Semester AY 2019-2020
Talamban, Cebu City, Philippines 6000

Air Quality Conditions in the National Capital Region


in terms of status of Particulate Matters and Combustion Emissions
before and during the COVID-19 diseases spreading
(individual)

Dela Cerna, Carmel Claire T.


BS Chemical Engineering 5

March 27, 2020


1. Compare and Contrast the Air Quality Conditions in the National Capital Region in terms of status of Particulate
Matters and Combustion Emissions before and during the spreading of COVID-19 diseases "Ang situations and
conditions before and after COVID era, using parameters such as PM, CO2 and viruses."

On 31 December 2019, a pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan, China was first reported to the WHO
Country Office in China. On 30 January 2020, the outbreak was declared a Public Health Emergency of International
Concern by the World Health Organization. On 2 February 2020, the first death outside Chine is recorded in the
Philippines. On 11 February 2020, WHO announced a name for the new coronavirus disease: COVID-19. On 11 March
2020, World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the pandemic.[CITATION Wor20 \l 1033 ][ CITATION
Sec20 \l 1033 ]

Particularly in the Philippines: On March 9, President Rodrigo Duterte issued Proclamation No. 922, declaring the
country under a state of public health emergency [CITATION Par20 \l 1033 ]. On March 12, President Duterte
declared "Code Red Sub-Level 2," issuing a partial lockdown on Metro Manila and extending the metropolis' class
suspensions up to April 14, to prevent a nationwide spread of COVID-19[CITATION Lop20 \l 1033 ][CITATION
CNN12 \l 1033 ]. On March 16, the entirety of Luzon has been placed under an "enhanced community quarantine."
[CITATION Lop201 \l 1033 ].

From the timeline presented above, we can take March 9 as the start of the of the spreading of the COVID-19 disease
which is indicated as a red vertical line in Figure 1.

60

50

40

30
PM2.5
PM10
20

10

0
n n n n n n n n b b b b b b b r r r r r r r
Ja Ja Ja Ja Ja Ja Ja Ja e e e -Fe -F e -Fe -F e -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma
1- 5- 9- 13- 17- 21- 25- 29- 2-F 6-F 10-FDay
14 18 22 26 1 5 9 13 17 21 25

Figure 1. Particulate Matter in NCR [CITATION Met20 \l 1033 ]


As can be seen in Figure 1, before the spread of COVID-19 disease the Particulate Matter was generally high. However,
this has gradually reduced after the start of the spreading of COVID-19 which is indicated as the red vertical line. All of
the data above do not go beyond the standard set by DENR which has limit of 50 ug/m 3 for PM2.5 and 150 ug/m3 for
PM10. Current data on combustion emissions, particularly carbon dioxide emissions, in the National Capital Region are
not available. However, extrapolating from the emissions of other countries during the spread of the virus which caused
a halt to most of the industrial activity and community quarantines, the CO2 have also plunged seeing as the use of
mobile transportation and the running of factories which are the top contributors to such emissions hsave been
profoundly lessened.

2. What recommendations from the lessons learned should you be promoting in the decision-making process and
strategy on air quality management in the future? Present your premise and conviction why it should get societal
support.

The decision-making process and strategy on air quality management should not only be used in the industrial sectors but
also in cities that largely contribute to the air pollutant emissions such as major cities like that within the area of the National
Capital Region. A start of application of such strategies supported by the government and practiced by the community would
greatly contribute in the long term quality of the air around us. Especially since it directly involves or could directly harm or
benefit us, such participation of the community would be needed and only logical.

References

[1] WHO, "Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19)," 26 March 2020. [Online]. Available:
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen.

[2] H. Secon, A. Woodward and D. Mosher, "A comprehensive timeline of the new coronavirus pandemic, from
China's first COVID-19 case to the present," Business Insider, 2020.

[3] A. Parrocha, ""State of public health emergency declared in PH"," Philippine News Agency., 2020.

[4] V. Lopez, "Code Red Sub-Level 2: Duterte announces 'community quarantine' vs. COVID-19," 12 March
2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/729459/code-red-sub-level-
2-duterte-announces-tougher-measures-vs-covid-19-threat/story/.

[5] CNN Philippines Staff, "Duterte declares lockdown of Metro Manila for 30 days due to COVID-19," 12
March 2020. [Online]. Available: https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/3/12/COVID-19-Metro-Manila-
restrictions-Philippines.html.

[6] V. Lopez, 16 March 2020. [Online]. Available:


https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/729875/duterte-orders-lockdown-of-entire-luzon-due-
to-covid-19-threat/story/.

[7] "Metro Manila Philippines," Air Matters, 27 March 2020. [Online]. Available: https://air-
quality.com/place/philippines/metro-manila/bb4d16ee?lang=en&standard=aqi_us. [Accessed 27 March
2020].

[8] J. J. Peirce, R. F. Weiner and P. A. Vesilind, Environmental Pollution and Control, 1998.

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