THEORIST theory CONCEPT
VIRGINIA HENDERSON 14 BASIC NEEDS
FAYE ABDELLAH 21 NURSING PROBLEMS
ERNESTINE WIEDBACH THE HELPING ART OF CLINICAL
NURSING
LYDIA HALL THREE C’S
CARE, CURE, CORE THEORY
JOYCE TRAVELBEE HUMAN- TO-HUMAN
RELATIONSHIP MODEL
 Focuses on the
importance of
increasing the patient’s
independence to hasten
their progress in the
hospital

 Nursing is based on art
and science that molds
the attitudes,
intellectual
competencies, and
technical skills
 Changed the focus of
nursing from disease-
centered to patient-
centered
 Guides the nurse action
in the art of nursing and
specified four elements
of clinical nursing:
 Philosophy
 Purpose
 Practice
 Art
 Clinical nursing is
focused on meeting the
patient’s perceived
need for help in a vision
of nursing that indicates
considerable
importance on the art
of nursing
 Care is the sole function
of nurses, whereas,
 Core receiving nursing
care
 Cure is the aspect of
nursing which involves
the administration of
medications and
treatments
 Major purpose is to
achieve an
interpersonal
relationship with the
individual that will
facilitate the
development of core
 The purpose of nursing
was to help and support
 an individual, family, or
community to prevent
or cope with the
struggles of illness.


ROPER, LOGAN, NURSING BASED ON A MODEL  Is a nursing theory

TIERNEY OF LIVING based on activities of
daily living (ADL)
 Was set up to assess
how a patient’s life has
been altered due to
sickness, trauma and
characterizes what
surviving means
 Its goal is to encourage
the patient to be self-
sufficient.
 Maintaining a safe
environment,
communicating,
breathing, eating

IDA JEAN ORLANDO NURSING PROCESS THEORY  Allow nurses to

PELLETIER formulate an effective
nursing care plan that
can also be easily
adapted
 Stresses the reciprocal
relationship between
patient and nurse. What
the nurse and the
patient say and do
affects them both
 Persons become
patients requiring
nursing care when they
have needs for help
that cannot be met
independently because
of their physical
limitations.

JEAN WATSON THEORY OF HUMAN CARING  Humans cannot be

treated as objects and
that humans cannot be
 separated form self,
other nature, and the
larger workforce
 This theory calls upon
nurses to go beyond
procedure and task, but
instead focuses on the
nurse-patient
 Focus on health
promotion, preventing
illness, caring for sick

MADELEINE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING  Substantive are of study

LEININGER THEORY and practice focused on
comparative cultural
care values, beliefs and
practices of individuals
of similar or different
cultures with the goal of
providing culture-
specific and universal
nursing care practices
 Involves learning and
understanding various
cultures with regard to
nursing and health
illness caring practices

DOROTHEA OREM THEORY OF SELF-CARE DEFICIT  Theory of self-care-

how to care our self
 Theory dependent
care- how we depend
to our family or
friends
 The act of assisting
others in the
provision and
management of self-
care to maintain or
improve human
functioning at home
level of effectiveness

MARTHA ROGERS UNITARY OF HUMAN BEING  Energy field,

 Environmental field
 An art and science
 that is humanistic and
humanitarian
 A patient can’t be
separated from his or
her environment
when addressing
health treatment
IMOGENE KING INTERACTING  Nurse and patient
OPEN SYSTEMS MODEL communicate
ATTAINMENT GOAL THEORY information set goals
together and then
take action to achieve
those goals.
 4 factors
Rule space stress time
 A process of human
interactions between
nurse and client
through
communication, they
set goals
BETTY NEUMAN NEUMAN’S SYSTEM MODEL  Is based on the
person’s relationship
to stress, the
response to it and
reconstitutions
factors that are
progressive
 Focus is on the client
as a system and on
client’s stressors
NOLA PENDER HEALTH PROMOTION THEORY  Describe the
interaction between
the nurse and the
consumer while
considering the role
of environment in
health promotion
 Describes the
multidimensional
nature of persons as
they interact within
their environment to
pursue health
MYRA LEVINE CONSERVATION MODEL  It guides nurses to
concentrate on the
importance and
responses
  To improve physical
and emotional
wellbeing of a person
by considering the
four domains
 Conservation
of energy of
the individual
 Structural
integrity of the
individual
 Personal
integrity
 Social integrity

SISTER CALLISTA ROY ADAPTATION  Views the individual

as a set of
interrelated systems
who strives to
maintain balance
between various
stimuli

DOROTHY JOHNSON BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM  The model advocates

the fostering of
efficient and effective
behavioral
functioning in the
patient to prevent
illness
7 SUBSYSTEMS
 Affiliative
 Sexual
 Dependency
 Ingestive
 Achievement
 Eliminative
 Aggressive

ERIKSON, TOMLIN, ROLE MODELLING  Nurses need to be

SWAIN neat
 Be a role model to our
patient
 A process that allows
 nurses to understand
the unique
perspective of a client
and to learn to
appreciate its
importance
 Role- modeling occurs
when the nurse plans
and implements
interventions that are
unique for the client
PATRICIA BENNER NOVICE TO EXPERT NURSING  Explains that nurses
MODEL develop skills and an
understanding of
patient care over time
from combination of a
strong educational
foundation and
personal experiences
 Novice – no
background
experience
 Advance beginner –
can demonstrate
marginally and gained
prior exp.
 Competent nurse – 2-
3 years of experience
 Proficient nurse – 3-5
years in the same
area of nursing
 Expert nurse – after 5
years or greater
RAMONA MERCER MATERNAL ROLE ATTAINMENT  An interactional and
THEORY developmental
process occurring
over time in which
the mother becomes
4 STAGES
attached to her
1. Anticipatory stage
2. Formal stage infant, acquires
3. Informal stage competence in the
4. Personal stage caretaking tasks
involved in the role
MERLE MISHEL UNCERTAINTY IN ILLNESS  Presents a
THEORY comprehensive
structure within
which to view the
experience of acute
 and chronic illness
‘ and to organize
nursing interventions
to promote optimal
adjustments
 Describes how
individuals form
meaning from illness-
related situations
KATHARINE KOLCABA THEORY OF COMFORT  Proposes that when
patients and their
families are more
comfortable, they
engage more fully in
health seeking
behaviors that include
internal and external
behaviors.
 Ultimate goal of a
nurse is to provide
comfort
 Comfort as a basic
human need
CHERYL TATANO BECK POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION  After birth and 4
THEORY weeks after birth
 Non-psychopathic
depression
 Provides evidence to
understand and
prevent postpartum
depression

SISTER CAROLINA CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE  Designed to lead to

AGRAVANTE LEADERSHIP MODEL radical change from
apathy or indifference
to a spiritual person

CARMELITA ADVANCE NURSE  The wellness outcome

DIVINAGRACIA PRACTITIONERS COMPOSURE
BEHAVIOR AND PATIENTS
WELLNESS OUTCOME
of a patient will
depend on the
intervention the
nurse has when
administering the

SISTER LETTY QUAN RETIREMENT AND ROLE
DISCONTINUITIES or GRACEFUL
AGING THEORY
CARMENCITA ABAQUIN PREPARE ME THEORY
CECILIA LAURENTE THEORY OF NURSING PRACTICE
AND CAREER
client.
 COM-competence
 P-presence and
prayer
 O- open-minded
 S- stimulation
 U- understanding
 R- respect and
relaxation
 E- Empathy
 Stated that without
positive acquisition
during childhood the
person or patient will
be in pathological
state to delinquency.
 The role of the nurse
is to put back what
they have missed and
to fill this gap.
 Nurses need to
acquire good things
through setting an
example and to make
them feel loved and
important
 Interventions and the
quality of life advance
progressive cancer
patients
 How to care cancer
Patients
 The nurse can help
strengthen the
family’s term of
knowledge, skills, and
attitude through
effective
communication,
 employed informative
 She emphasized
effective
communication as an
entry point to help a
patient
ABRAHAM MASLOW HUMAN NEEDS  Hierarchy of needs

LUDWIG VON OPEN SYSTEM  Organization are open

BERTANLANFFYY to their environment
 Permeable
boundaries-
information and
resources are coming
in and out
DUNN’S HEALTH  3 stage
ILLNESS CONTINUUM

EPIDEMIOLOGIC
MODEL

HANS SELYE THEORY STRESS THEORY

JEAN PIAGET’S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT  Explains how a child
THEORY THEORY constructs a mental
model of the world.
 as a process which
occurs due to
biological maturation
and interaction with
the environment
 Ability to think and
understand
ERIK ERIKSON PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT  Human being develop
growth having
interaction and social
Relationship

FREUD SIGMUND STRUCTURAL PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

 3 parts of personality  Revolutionized the
 Id- pleasure understanding of
 Ego- reality mental life and
 Superego- human behavior
morality
 Helped understand
the early
TOPOGRAPHICAL THEORY
 three levels of development of
awareness sexuality and mental
 conscious functioning
 subconscious
 unconscious

PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
 Energy created by the
survival and sexual
instincts