AERODROME

MANAGEMENT

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Why study Aerodromes?

•We operate in a dynamic external environment

•Learn airport signs and symbols
•Learn how our airspace is divided
•Learn the rules of the air
•Learn to communicate with Air Traffic Controllers
THE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENT
THE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENT

Aerodromes Wind Indicators

Airports Light Signals
Types of Airport Radio Navigational Aids
Sources of Airport Data
Runway
Runway Markings and Lights
Taxiway
Taxiway Marking and Lightning
Apron, Terminal, ATC, buildings
Aerodrome and Airport
Aerodrome and Airport

PCAR 1- APPENDIX A DEFINITIONS

Aerodrome. The preferred spelling is Airport

however the meaning is identical except the spelling.

Airport (aerodrome). A defined area on land or water

including any buildings, installations and equipment inten
ded to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, dep
arture and surface movement of
aircraft.
Aerodrome and Airport

DIFFERENCE ASIDE FROM SPELLING

Airport –a civil aerodrome designed for the take-
off and landing of passenger-carrying aircraft for
the general public and/or cargo aircraft.
*Airports and military air bases or stations are
types of aerodrome.
Classification of Airports

•Controlled
•Uncontrolled
Classification of Airports

Controlled Airports
Has an operating control tower and is sometimes
referred to as tower airport.
Since all aircraft in the vicinity, as well as those
on the ground are subject to instructions issued
by the ATC, a two-way radio is required for you
to operate in the controlled airport environment.
Classification of Airports

Controlled Airports – RPLC, RPUX, RPUS

Classification of Airports

ICAO AIRPORT CODES

The ICAO airport code or location indicator is a
four-letter code designating aerodromes around
the world. These codes, as defined by the
International Civil Aviation Organization and
published in ICAO Document 7910: Location
Indicators, are used by air traffic control and
airline operations such as flight planning.
Classification of Airports

IATA AIRPORT CODES

The International Air Transport Association's (IAT
A) Location Identifier, a unique 3-letter code, is u
sed in aviation to identify mainly locations of airp
orts throughout the world.
ASSIGNMENT NO.1

• WHAT IS ICAO?
• ABBREVIATION OF ICAO?
• WHAT IS IATA?
• ABBREVIATION OF IATA?
• DIFFERENCE IN USING IATA AIRPORT CODES
AND ICAO AIRPORT CODES?
Classification of Airports

Uncontrolled Airports
A non-tower airport, control of VFR traffic is not
exercised. Although you are not required to have
a two-way radio, most pilots use radios to transm
it their intentions to other pilots.
ASSIGNMENT NO.1

• WHAT IS VFR AND IFR?

• WHAT CONDITIONS TO CONSIDER WHEN FLYING
IFR AND VFR?
• YES OR NO, VFR CAN BE USED IN NIGHT FLYING.
Classification of Airports
Uncontrolled Airports – RPUR(San Luis, Aurora), RPUG
(Lingayen, Pangasinan
6 Classes of Airports
Regular International –Used for the operation of aircraft engaged in
international air navigation.

Alternate International –one that is intended to be used for the

operation of aircraft engaged in international air navigation in lieu of
the regular international airports.

Trunk line Airports –one that serves the principal commercial centers
of the Philippines. It is intended for use by medium range jets, the
greater capacity and speed of which will best serve the transportation
needs between principal centers of commerce, trade and population.
6 Classes of Airports

Secondary Airports –are those which serve principal towns and cities
with regular traffic densities that warrant (or also their considerable
distances from but close affinities with each other, also warrant the
operation of jet prop aircraft).

Feeder Airports –one that serves towns with limited passenger traffic
and are intended for use by piston aircraft, the range and capacity of
which are highly suitable for this kind of service
.
Airstrip –airport owned privately and the facilities, equipmentsand
buildings are minimal, most airstrips are un controlled.
Types of Airports

1.INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS
2.PRINCIPAL AIRPORT OR DOMESTIC AIRPORT
a.CLASS 1 PRINCIPAL AIRPORT
b.CLASS 2 PRINCIPAL AIRPORT

3.COMMUNITY AIRPORTS
4. MILITARY
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

airports capable of handling international flights. Airports in this

category include those that currently serve, or have previously
served international destinations
Example:Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Diosdado Macapagal International Airport
PRINCIPAL AIRPORT or DOMESTIC AIRPORT

airports that only serve domestic destinations

CLASS 1 PRINCIPAL AIRPORT –airports capable of serving jet

aircraft with a capacity of at least 100 seats

CLASS 2 PRINCIPAL AIRPORT –airports capable of serving

propeller aircraft with a capacity of at least 19 seats.

LEGAZPI AIRPORT, ALBAY BASCO AIRPORT, BATANES

COMMUNITY AIRPORT

airports that are used primarily for general

aviation

Most feeder airports are in this category and

only three airports: Cauayan Airport,
Labo Airport in Ozamiz City and San
Fernando Airport in La Union, all former
secondary airports, have regular air service.

SAN FERNANDO AIRPORT, LA UNION

MILITARY AIRPORTS
A military air base is an aerodrome used by a
military force for the operation of military aircraft.
APRONS

MOVEMENT AREA
 Aeronautical data
Determination and reporting of aerodrome related aeronautica
l data shall be in accordance with the accuracy
and integrity requirements set forth in Tables 1 to 5 contained
in Appendix 5 while taking into account the established quality
system procedures. Accuracy requirements for aeronautical d
ata are based upon a 95 per cent confidence level and in that
respect, three types of positional data shall be identified
CAA shall ensure that integrity of aeronautical data is maintained throughout th
e data process from
survey/origin to the next intended user.

a) critical data, integrity level 1 ´ 10-8: there is a high probability when

using corrupted critical data that the continued safe flight and landing
of an aircraft would be severely at risk with the potential for catastrop
he;
b) essential data, integrity level 1 ´ 10-5: there is a low probability whe
n using corrupted essential data that the continued safe flight and lan
ding of an aircraft would be severely at risk with the potential for catas
trophe;
and
c) routine data, integrity level 1 ´ 10-3: there is a very low probability
when using corrupted routine data that the continued safe flight and l
anding of an aircraft would be severely at risk with the potential for
catastrophe.
Aerodrome reference point

•An airport (or aerodrome) reference point (ARP) is the

centre point of an airport, located at the geometric centre
of all the usable runways.
Aerodrome and Runway Elevations
Aerodrome reference temperature
The aerodrome reference temperature shall be the
monthly mean of the daily maximum temperatures
for the hottest month of the year (the hottest month b
eing that which has the highest monthly mean tempe
rature). This temperature shall be averaged over a
period of years.
Aerodrome dimensions and related information
Strength of pavements

the pavement classification number (PCN);

a) pavement type for ACN-PCN determination;
b) subgrade strength category;
c) maximum allowable tire pressure category or maximum allowable
tire pressure value;
d) evaluation method.

Pavement type for ACN-PCN determination: Code

Rigid pavement R
Flexible pavement F
Pre-flight altimeter check location
Declared distances

a) take-off run available;

b) take-off distance available;
c) accelerate-stop distance available; and
d) landing distance available.
Condition of the movement area and related
facilities
a) construction or maintenance work;
b) rough or broken surfaces on a runway, a taxiway or an apron;
c) snow, slush or ice on a runway, a taxiway or an apron;
d) water on a runway, a taxiway or an apron;
e) snow banks or drifts adjacent to a runway, a taxiway or an apron
f) anti-icing or de-icing liquid chemicals on a runway or a taxiway;
g) other temporary hazards, including parked aircraft;
h) failure or irregular operation of part or all of the aerodrome visual
aids; and
i) failure of the normal or secondary power supply.
 Water on a runway

DAMP is the surface shows a change of colour due

to moisture.
WET is the surface is soaked but there is no standi
ng water.
WATER PATCHES is the significant patches of stan
ding water are visible.
FLOODED is the extensive standing water is visible.
Snow, slush or ice on a runway

Whenever a runway is affected by snow, slush or ice, and

it has not been possible to clear the precipitant fully,
the condition of the runway shall be assessed, and the
friction coefficient measured.
Disabled aircraft removal

Information concerning the capability to remove an a

ircraft disabled on or adjacent to the movement area
shall be made available.
Rescue and fire fighting

A significant change in the level of protection is considered

to be a change in the category of the rescue and
fire fighting service from the category normally available at
the aerodrome, resulting from a change in availability of
extinguishing agents, equipment to deliver the agents or
personnel to operate the equipment, etc.
Visual approach slope indicator systems

•Is a system of lights so arranged to provide visual d

escent guidance information during an aircraft’s appr
oach to a runway.
Coordination between aeronautical information ser
vices and aerodrome authorities
Sources of Airport Data

Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD)

•The A/FD provides the most comprehensive information
on a given airport. It contains information on airports,
heliports, and seaplane bases that are open to the public.
Sources of Airport Data
Sources of Airport Data

Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs)

NOTAMs provide the most current information available.
They provide time-critical information on airports and chan
ges that affect the national airspace system (NAS) and are
of concern to IFR operations.
Sources of Airport Data

3 CATEGORIES
•NOTAM D –distant
–attached to hourly weather reports
–includes such data as taxiway closures, personnel and
equipment near or crossing runways, and airport lighting
aids that do not affect instrument approach criteria, such
as visual approach slope indicator (VASI).
Sources of Airport Data

3 CATEGORIES
•NOTAM L –local
•FDC NOTAMS –flight data center
–issued by the National Flight Data Center and contain
regulatory information, such as temporary flight restrictions
or an amendment to instrument approach procedures.
Sources of Airport Data

TYPES OF NOTAMS
N –New NOTAMS
B -NOTAMS that have been in effect for more than 1 week.
R -Revised NOTAMS
C -Cancelled NOTAMS.
RPLC B0824/16 ATIS FREQ 113.1MHZ CHANGED TO 127.2MHZ. (REF AIP
PHILIPPINES RPLC AD 2-6 DATED 03 APR 14). 10 MAR 00:00 2016
UNTIL PERM. CREATED: 08 MAR 09:09 2016
Sources of Airport Data
Sources of Airport Data

1. AERONAUTICAL CHARTS
2. AIRPORT AND FACILITIES DIRECTORY (AF/D)
3. NOTAMS (Notice to Airmen)
Sources of Airport Data

AERONAUTICAL CHARTS
Sources of Airport Data

AERONAUTICAL CHARTS
•Sectional
•VFR Terminal Area
•World Aeronautical Charts
Sources of Airport Data

Sectional Charts
Sectional charts are the most common charts used by pilots
today. The charts have a scale of 1:500,000 (1 inch = 6.86 n
autical miles (NM) or approximately 8 statute miles (SM))
which allows for more detailed information to be included on
the chart.
Sources of Airport Data
Sources of Airport Data

VFR Terminal Area Charts

VFR terminal area charts are helpful when flying in or near
Class B airspace. They have a scale of 1:250,000 (1 inch
= 3.43 NM or approximately 4 SM). These charts provide a
more detailed display of topographical information and are
revised semiannually, except for several Alaskan and Cari
bbean charts.
Sources of Airport Data
Sources of Airport Data

World Aeronautical Charts

•World aeronautical charts are designed to provide a stand
ard series of aeronautical charts, covering land areas of th
e world, at a size and scale convenient for navigation by m
oderate speed aircraft. They are produced at a scale of
1:1,000,000 (1 inch = 13.7 NM or approximately 16 SM).
•These charts are similar to sectional charts and the symb
ols are the same except there is less detail due to the smal
ler scale.
Sources of Airport Data
Sources of Airport Data
Aerodrome Dimensions and Related Inf
ormation
The following data shall be measured or described, as appr
opriate, for each facility provided on an aerodrome:
1.Runway - true bearing, designation number, length, width
, displaced threshold location, slope, surface type, and type
of runway;
2.Runway strip, runway end safety area, and stopway -
length, width, and surface type.
3.Taxiway - designation, width, surface type;
4.Apron - surface type, aircraft stands;
5.Clearway - length, ground profile;
6.Significant obstacles on and in the vicinity of t
he aerodrome - location, top elevation to the neares
t (next higher) foot, type;
7.Visual aids for approach procedures, marking and
lighting of runways, taxiways and aprons, other visua
l guidance and control aids on taxiways and aprons,
including taxi-holding positions and stopbars;
8.Location and radio frequency of any VOR aerodro
me checkpoint; and
9.Location and designation of standard taxi routes.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Runways

•“defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prep

ared for the landing and take-off of aircraft” - Internat
ional Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
•is the surface from threshold to threshold, which typ
ically features threshold markings, numbers, and cen
terlines, but not overrun areas at both ends.
How are airport runways numbered?

•Runways are named by a number between 01 and

36, which is generally one tenth of the magnetic azi
muth of the runway's heading in degrees: a runway
numbered 09 points east (90°), runway 18 is south
(180°), runway 27 points west (270°) and runway 3
6 points to the north (360° rather than 0°).
Parts of Airport