Lab Report – Comparing the strength of different antacids

Carolina Menezes

Data collection and processing

Observations:
 Antacid 1- white powder.
 Antacid 2 – white tablet, white powder when crushed.
 NaOH – colourless, transparent solution. 0.1M used with antacid 1 and 1.0M used with antacid
2.
 HCl - colourless, transparent solution. 0.1M used with antacid 1 and 1.0M used with antacid 2.
 Fizzing and effervescence occurred when antacid was mixed HCl.
 Indicator used: methyl red – colour change: bright pink to orange.

Equipment Error
Digital balance ±0.001g

25 cm³ pipette (personal error) ± 0.23cm³

50 cm³ burette ± 0.05cm³ x 2 (for initial and final volume readings)

Antacid 1 Antacid 2
Run 1 2 3 Av. 1 2 3 Av.
Mass of conical
107.386 106.493 124.228 122.800 145.445 101.098
flask (g)
Mass of conical
flask with 112.405 111.575 129.206 127.914 150.542 106.172
antacid (g)
Mass of antacid
5.019 5.082 4.978 4.999 5.114 5.097 5.074 5.095
used (g)
Volume of HCl
25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
(cm3)
Volume of 15.8
9.90 10.0 9.95 18.9 18.0 18.6 18.5
NaOH (cm3)

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 Lab Report – Comparing the strength of different antacids
Carolina Menezes

Antacid 1
Calculations Errors and uncertainties
Moles of NaOH used = concentration x volume Burette error = ± 0.05cm³ x 2 (for initial and final
0.100 x 9.95 = 0.995 moles volume readings)

0.10/9.95 x 100 = 1.01%

Moles of HCl neutralized = 0.995 moles

Volume of HCl neutralized = number of moles /

concentration

0.995/0.100 = 9.95 cm³

Volume of HCl neutralized by antacid 1 = initial

Pipette error = ± 0.23cm³
volume – volume neutralized by NaOH
0.23 / 25.00x 100 = 0.92%
25.00 – 9.95 = 15.05 cm³

Moles of HCl neutralized = concentration x

volume

0.10 x 15.05 = 1.51 moles

Moles neutralized per gram of antacid = Balance error = ±0.001 g

1.51 / 4.999 = 0.30 mol g-1 0.001/4.999 x 100 = 0.02%

Total error = 1.01 + 0.92 + 0.02 = 1.95%

1.95/100 x 0.30 = 0.0059 mol g-1

Moles neutralized per gram of antacid = 0.30

±0.0059 mol g-1

Moles neutralized per gram of antacid = 0.30 ±0.0059 mol g-1

Antacid 2
Calculations Errors and uncertainties
Moles of NaOH used = concentration x volume Burette error = ± 0.05cm³ x 2 (for initial and final

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 Lab Report – Comparing the strength of different antacids
Carolina Menezes

1.0 x 18.5 = 18.5 moles volume readings)

0.10/18.5 x 100 = 0.54%

Moles of HCl neutralized 18.5 moles

Volume of HCl neutralized = number of moles /

concentration

18.5/1.0 = 18.5 cm³

Volume of HCl neutralized by antacid 1 = initial Pipette error = ± 0.23cm³

volume – volume neutralized by NaOH
0.23 / 25.00x 100 = 0.92%
25.00 – 18.5 = 6.50 cm³

Moles of HCl neutralized = concentration x

volume

1.00 x 6.50 = 6.50 moles

Moles neutralized per gram of antacid = Balance error = ±0.001 g

6.50 / 5.095 = 1.28 mol g-1 0.001/5.095 x 100 = 0.02%

Total error = 0.54 + 0.92 + 0.02 = 1.48%

1.48/100 x 1.28 = 0.019 mol g-1

Moles neutralized per gram of antacid = 1.28 ±0.019 mol g-1

Conclusion and evaluation

From the results obtained from the practical, it is possible to see that antacid 2 is stronger than antacid
2 as it neutralizes more moles per gram of antacid (approximately 4.3 times as much). This however,
should not be used as the sole aspect for comparison of the two drugs in general, as there are other
factors that affect its efficiency such as pain relievers to relive the pain caused by the acid. Therefore it is
not possible to state that antacid 2 is better than antacid 1 but it is possible to confirm that antacid 2 is
more effective in neutralizing hydrochloric acid.

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 Lab Report – Comparing the strength of different antacids
Carolina Menezes

To improve the practical and obtain more accurate and reliable results, the first measure to be taken
could be to find out the uncertainty of the concentrations of the solutions provided as these could later
be added to the total percentage error and taken into consideration. Also, when the conical flask was
being weighed there were variations in the reading because students kept leaning on the bench. In
order to reduce these variations it would be advisable to have students away from the bench until the
readings stabilized, reducing random error and increasing precision. The major problem concerning this
practical, however, was that when obtaining results for antacid 2 is was difficult to determine what color
could be considered orange and therefore determine when the solution had been neutralized,
increasing random errors. A suitable solution would be to use a pH probe connected to a data logger
and have it inserted in the solution. It would be clear when the solution was neutralized as it the pH
reading would be 7 or around 7. Finally, having more repeats would also be suitable to increase
precision.