3.3.

Preparation of solid molecular dispersions

Drug-polymer mixtures (5–100% w/w of polymer) were dissolved in
anhydrous
methanol, stirred overnight and cast on Teflon sheets. The solvent
was allowed to evaporate in a partially open desiccator at room
temperature
for 3 days. The samples were then placed under vacuum for 2 days
and the resulting films were gently ground into powder with a
mortar and
pestle for 1 min. The powder obtained was dried under vacuum at
room
temperature for 24 h and at 40 _C for 12 h. The samples were
passed
though a 60 mesh sieve and stored at 0 _C over phosphorous
pentoxide
until used.
3.4. Preparation of physical mixtures
Physical mixtures were prepared by mixing the components using
a spatula
and a glass mortar for 2 min. The samples were then dried at 40
_C
under vacuum for 12 h. Dried physical mixtures were used
immediately in
the experiments.

Preparation of physical mixture and solid dispersion

Physical mixtures (PMs) were prepared by manually mixing ABZ powder with other
ingredients according to the ratios in (Table1). The powders were sieved with a 450-
μm sieve and were stored in a screw-cap vial at room temperature until further
analysis. SD of ABZ in PVP K30 alone or in combination with either P 188 or P 407
was prepared in different ratios (Table1) by conventional solvent evaporation
method. Drug and carrier were dissolved in minimum volume of 95% ethanol. The
solvent was then evaporated under stirring at 80°C using hot plate stirrer. The result
residue was then cooled in a refrigerator for 48 h. Dispersion was then pulverized
using mortar and pestle and passed through a 450-μm sieve.

Table 1: Solid ABZ PVP K30 P 188 P 407

dispersions and physical
mixtures Composition
(% w/w) Formula
PM1 50% 50% ― ―
PM2 50% 48% 2% ―
PM3 50% 48% ― 2%
SD1 50% 50% ― ―
SD2 50% 49% 1% ―
glass vials. Then methanol was added on each vial 13. Then each
of every polymer were dissolved in the solvent using a vortex mixer
to make a polymer solution. Drug, polymer and solvent (methanol)
combination was dried by using hair dryer until solid dispersion
was formed and the solvent evaporated completely. Finally, the
formulations were withdrawn from vials, crushed in mortar and
pestle, passed through #60 sieve and the resulted samples were
weighed and then transferred in clean vials with proper labelling
and its double amount of lactose was added on each vials as
adsorbent and mixed well. These formulations were kept also in
desiccator until the dissolution started.
Selection of Solvent for solvent evaporation method
Since the drugs which are usually hydrophobic in nature usually
chosen for solid dispersions and with them hydrophilic polymers
are used to enhance the rate of dissolution. The selection of proper
solvent in solvent evaporation method is very much important
because its removal rate is critical to the quality of dispersion. For
complete removal of solvent lower temperature and reduced
pressure can be used. Solvent evaporation method is considered as
the effective method for SDS but the major disadvantage associate
with the method is that different polymorphic forms of the same
drug may be formed if different solvents are used 17. Sometimes
after selecting a proper solvent it was observed that complete
removal of solvent was very much difficult in some SDS. In some
cases, large volume of organic solvent is required to dissolve both
drug and carriers. So to avoid multiple complications care should
be taken to make proper choice and use of organic solvents during
formulations

Azad et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018;

8(5):475-480
ISSN: 2250-1177 [477] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Preparation of solid dispersion
For the preparation of solid dispersions of
Albendazole fusion method was used. Dispersions
systems by the fusion method were prepared by mixing
the required amount of drug and polymer in glass vials.
The mixture was then heated till it was completely melted.
The temperature was maintained to a range of 80°C-
90°C.Continuous stirring during the melting procedure
prevented separation of the constituents. The melt was
then rapidly solidified. The formulations were kept in
desiccators'. The solidified mass was then crushed, size
The drug content of the physical mixture and
The stored mixture (SM) was determined UV
Spectrophotometrically by dissolving the sample in
Glacial acetic acid followed by sufficient dilution
With water to measure the absorbance at 291 nm
(UV-1601 PC, Shimadzu, Japan).
Formulations:
Physical mixture (PM) was prepared by mixing ABZ with urea or
PEG or PXR for 5 min at 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 weight ratios using glass
mortar and pestle. Melting method (MM), solvent method (SM) and
kneading method (KM) were followed for the preparation of SDs
13-

.
14

The PM was heated by stirring at 190-200° in an oil bath Samples

were withdrawn, filtered through a membrane filter (0.45 μm),
diluted with water and analyzed in a spectrophotometer (UV-
1601PC, Shimadzu) at 291 nm.

The PM was dissolved in a minimal volume of anhydrous of 5°/min

from 35 to 300° under a nitrogen purge of 40 methanol, and the
solvent was removed by slow ml/min. TA 60WS software (version
1.4, Shimadzu, Japan) evaporation under reduced pressure. The
dried co-was used. precipitate was passed through 30 mesh, stored
in a vacuum desiccator (48 h) and passed through 60 mesh In
order to evaluate the presence of residual solvent in before
packaging in an airtight container.

Preparation of solid dispersed

systems
The preparation of solid dispersed systems
between ABZ and NIC was performed by
kneading method as described below.
Accurately weighed quantity (complying with
the weighed ratio corresponding to the coded
solid samples SD1, SD2, SD3, SD4) of NIC
and drug ABZ was placed in a mortar and
triturated in presence of small amount of
ethanol (95%) to obtain dough like mass,
which was kneaded for 45 minutes. The
product was then dried under vacuum to
constant weight. The dried mass was further
pulverized and screened through a 0.25 mm
mesh.