ESCLANDA, Maria Carmela Rachel G.

Grammatical Models
PhD English Professor: Dr. Felix M. Mercado

CASE GRAMMAR
Assignment

Sentence Analysis

Apply case grammar on the following sentences:

1. The news is fake. +[ _ O]
DEEP STRUCTURE
S

M P

V O

K NP

d N

pres fake Ø the news

I. Subject-copying

O M P

V O
K NP
K NP
d N
d N

Ø the news pres fake the news

II. Second-copy deletion(&subject-preposition deletion)

1
 S

NP M P

d N V

the news pres fake

SURFACE STRUCTURE
S

NP M P

d N V

the news is fake

2. John sent Mary a gift. +[_D

+O+A]
DEEP STRUCTURE
S

M P

V D O A

K NP K NP K NP
N d N N

past send Ø Mary Ø a gift Ø John

subject-fronting

2
 A M P

K NP V D O

K NP K NP
N N d N

Ø John past send Ø Mary Ø a gift

subject-preposition S
deletion
A M P

NP V D O

K NP K NP
N N d N

John past send Ø Mary Ø a gift

object-preposition S
deletion
A M P

NP V D O

K NP NP
N N d N

John past send Ø Mary a gift

surface structure S

NP P

N V D O

3
 NP NP
N d N

John sent Mary a gift

3. John broke his leg. +[ _O+A]

deep structure S

M P

V O A

K NP K NP
d N N

past break Ø his leg Ø John

subject-fronting S

A M P

K NP V O

K NP
N d N

Ø John past break Ø his leg

subject-preposition S
deletion
NP M P

N V O

K NP
d N

4
 John past break Ø his leg

object-preposition S
deletion
NP M P

N V O

NP
d N

John past break his leg

surface structure S

NP P

N V O

NP
d N

John broke his leg

4. John stained the car with paint. + [ _ O+ I+A]

deep structure S

M P

V O I A

K NP K NP K NP
d N N N

5
 past stain Ø the car with paint Ø John

subject- fronting S

A M P

K NP V O I

N K NP K NP
d N N
Ø John past stain Ø the car with paint

subject-preposition S
deletion
NP M P

N V O I

K NP K NP
d N N
John past stain Ø the car with paint

object-preposition S
deletion
NP M P

N V O I

NP K NP
d N N
John past stain the car with paint

surface structure S

NP P

6
 N V O I

NP K NP
d N N

John stained the car with paint

5. It is windy in Chicago. +[ _ L]

deep structure S

M P
V L

K NP
N

pres windy in Chicago

subject-copying S

L M P
V L
K NP
K NP
N N

in Chicago pres windy in Chicago

first-copy pro S
replacement
NP M P
V L

K NP

7
 N

it pres windy in Chicago

surface structure S

NP M P
V L

K NP
N

it is windy in Chicago