G H Patel College of Engineering & Technology

Vallabh Vidyanagar – 388 120

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Vision
Mechanical Engineering Department will strive to produce graduates who
are globally competitive and outstanding, who are able to accept any
professional challenges encountered, with innovative ideas, remaining
responsive to needs of the nation and mankind.

Mission

• To establish excellent teaching-learning environment among students,

faculties and staff.
• To impart quality education to the students and enhance their creative
and innovative skills to make them globally acceptable.
• To prepare students for successful professional career.

Programme Educational Objectives

A. To equip students to excel in their professional career through sound

technical knowledge, managerial and multi-disciplinary skills.
B. To equip students to successfully tackle the technical challenges in
professional life applying knowledge of basic science, engineering
and management.
C. To equip students to develop an attitude to learn state of the art
technology by continuous improvement.

Rev. 2/ 2019
 Program Outcomes of Mechanical Engineering

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals,

and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public
health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to
provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal,
health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and
design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and
management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage
projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

Course Outcomes
2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
CO1: Identify and analyse the functional requirements of a power transmission system for a given
application. (Application involving fluid power transmission).
CO2: Design an appropriate hydraulic or pneumatic circuit or combination circuit like electro-
hydraulics, electro-pneumatics for a given application. Develop a circuit diagram.
CO3: Visualize how the hydraulic/pneumatic circuit will work to accomplish the function.
CO4: Selection and sizing of components of the circuit.

Course Content beyond the Syllabus: Hydraulic circuits with industry application
Complex Problem in Laboratory Session: Designing and assembly of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits

Oil Hydraulics & Pneumatics (2171912) . PO & PSO mapping with CO

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
1 0 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 2 2
2 0 0 3 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 3 3
3 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
4 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
1: Slight (Low), 2: Moderate (Medium), 3: Substantial (High)

Rev. 2/ 2019
 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20

List of Experiments

1. Introduction to oil hydraulics and pneumatics.

2. To understand working and construction of hydraulic components in basic hydraulic
circuit.
3. To understand working and construction of hydraulic components and draw graphical
Symbol.
4. To understand working and construction of pneumatic components in basic
pneumatic circuit and draw graphical symbol.
5. To study the effect of load on discharge of hydraulic fluid in a circuit.
6. Speed control of Hydraulic cylinder through Throttle valve.
(A) Flow control valve in Meter-in circuit.
(B) Flow control valve in Meter-out circuit.
(C) Flow control valve in Bypass.
7. Electro Hydraulic circuit –Speed and Pressure control of double acting cylinder.
8. (A) To control Double acting pneumatic cylinder through 5/2 D.C. Valve.
(B) To control Double acting pneumatic cylinder by 3/2 push button valves and
Shuttle Valve.
9. (A) To understand use of Logic element ‘OR’ gate and ‘AND’ gate
(B) To illustrate continuous to and fro motion of Double acting cylinder.
10. (A) To understand use of Quick Exhaust & Flow control valve.
(B)To illustrate pneumatic circuit involving two cylinders.
11. To illustrate use of Time Delay valve with ‘OR’ gate and ‘AND’ gate

Evaluation of Journal:
(11 expt. + 2 Assign.) x 10 marks = 130 reduced to 20 marks

NOTE :
1. Journal is to be prepared by each student regularly and brought ready in the next
turn.
2. Students should write down the specimen calculations and conclusion.
3. No extra turn will be given for any experiment missed for whatsoever reason.
However, students are supposed to complete their journals even if they were
absent in any turn.

Open Ended Problem / Design based Problems (DP):

To be done in three sub-groups in each batch. The Open ended problem will be uploaded
on GIS separately

Active Learning Assignments (ALA):

Preparation of power-point slides, which include videos, animations, pictures, graphics for
better understanding theory and practical work based on the topics allocated to each
group of students.
 Date:

Mechanical Engineering Department

2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20

Experiment No.: 1

Title: Introduction to oil hydraulics and pneumatics

1. Application (use) of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits eg. Excavator (JCB), Bull
dozer, hydraulic jack, pneumatic drill, pneumatic tools, packaging machine.
2. Difference between pressure and stress.
3. Forward-reverse hydraulic circuit with double acting cylinder.
4. Actuators- Linear & Rotary. Details of Single acting and double acting cylinder.
5. Relation between discharge and velocity in forward and return stroke in double
acting cylinder.
6. Pressure in cylinder during forward and return stroke for same load.
7. Pump - positive displacement pump (reciprocating) and roto-dynamic pump and
their characteristics.
8. Show hydraulic and pneumatic test bench.
9. Importance of symbols and their need.
10. Principle of operation of Vane pump and Gear pump

Exercise:

1. Draw a neat labeled schematic diagram for a double acting cylinder.

2. Draw neat labeled diagrams for double acting cylinder showing flow of oil in forward
and return stroke.
3. Differentiate between positive displacement pump and roto-dynamic pump with the
help of schematic diagram.
4. Explain the working principle of Vane pump
 Date:

Mechanical Engineering Department

2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20
Experiment No.: 2

Title: To understand working and construction of hydraulic components in basic hydraulic

circuit.

Relevance:
A hydraulic drive system is a transmission system that uses pressurized hydraulic fluid to
power hydraulic machinery. Fluid power is the technology that deals with the generation,
control and transmission of forces and movement of mechanical element or system with
the use of pressurized fluids in a confined system.

Theory:
The power transmitted in any hydraulic circuit is based on Pascal’s law. Any mechanical
system working with hydraulic power consists of a hydraulic circuit. Some of the basic
components of the hydraulic circuits are:

1. 4/3 Direction control valve

2. Pressure relief valve
3. Check valve
4. Flow control valve

Exercise:
1. Explain the function of check valve and pilot operated check valve with the help of neat
sketch.
2. What is the function of Direction Control valve? Explain the working of spool type 4/3
DCV with the help of neat sketch.
3. What are the methods used for actuating a DCV?
4. What is the function of pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system?
5. Explain the working of pressure relief valve and pilot operated pressure relief valve with
the help of neat sketch.
6. Name the hydraulic components observed in laboratory and draw the symbols.
 Date:

Mechanical Engineering Department

2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20

Experiment No. 3:

Title: To understand working and construction of hydraulic components and draw

graphical Symbols.

Relevance: A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power
components and systems on schematic drawings. The International Standards
Organization (ISO) is responsible for symbol information used internationally. The
organization controls the make-up of symbols and makes changes or additions as
required.

Standard symbols allow fluid power schematic diagrams to be read and understood by
persons in many different countries, even when they don't speak the same language. The
symbols have been developed to represent most of the available fluid power components.

Observe and study all the hydraulic components available in the laboratory and
understand basic function of each component.

Exercise:
Draw symbols for the following hydraulic components according to DIN-ISO 1219 (refer to
pdf uploaded on GIS, Do Not attach photocopy of symbols):

1. Pumps
2. Motors
3. Pump/Motor
4. Cylinders
5. Direction control valves
6. Types of actuation of control valves
7. Pressure control valves
8. Flow control valves
9. Check valves
10. Accumulators
11. Energy transmission and accessories
 Date:

Mechanical Engineering Department

2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20
Experiment No.: 4

Title: To understand working and construction of pneumatic components in basic

pneumatic circuit and draw graphical symbol.

Relevance: A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power
components and systems on schematic drawings. The International Standards
Organization (ISO) is responsible for symbol information used internationally. Standard
symbols allow fluid power schematic diagrams to be read and understood by persons in
many different countries, even when they don't speak the same language. The symbols
have been developed to represent most of the available fluid power components.

Theory:
A pneumatic system is a system that uses compressed air to transmit and control energy.
Pneumatic systems are used extensively in various industries. Most pneumatic systems
rely on a constant supply of compressed air to make them work. Basic components of the
pneumatic system are:
1. Compressor
2. Receiver
3. Pressure switch
4. Filter
5. Pressure regulator
6. Actuators / Cylinders
7. Direction control valves
8. Push Button
Observe and study all the above mentioned components available in the laboratory and
understand basic function of each component.

Exercise:

1. Draw symbols for Compressor, FRL, Cylinders, Direction control valves, Actuation
methods of control valves, Pressure control valves, Flow control valves, Check valves,
Energy transmission and accessories pneumatic components according to DIN-ISO
1219 (refer to pdf uploaded on GIS, Do Not attach photocopy of symbols).
2. Show the major components in a typical pneumatic system with a labelled block
diagram.
3. What is the function of pressure switch and explain its working with neat sketch.
4. Draw a neat sketch of air filter and explain the working of the same.
5. List relative merits and de-merits of pneumatic system over hydraulic system.
6. Prepare a list of pneumatic components observed in laboratory and draw their symbols.
 Date:

Mechanical Engineering Department

2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20
Experiment No. 5

Title: To study the effect of load on velocity of actuator in a hydraulic system.

Theory:
All hydraulic system use positive displacement pumps for pumping oil into the actuators.
Unlike roto-dynamic pump Pressure and discharge are not related to one another in a
positive displacement pump. Pressure in a hydraulic system is generated only when it is
acted upon by load / force, while the velocity of the actuator is dependent on the discharge
from the pump. The experiment is designed to observe the effect of varying load on the
velocity of the piston.

Apparatus:
1. Hydraulic pump
2. 4/3 direction control valve, Lever operated
3. Adjustable throttle valve
4. Pressure relief valve
5. Double acting cylinder
6. Flow meter
7. Pressure gauge

Procedure:
Draw the circuit diagram for raising and lowering of load attached to hydraulic cylinder.
Connect 4/3 DCV on the board. Connect P & T port to the ‘Pressure port’ and ‘Return line
port’ of the power pack. Connect the pressure gauge and flow meter components on the
raising line (piston rod end). Increase the weight in increments of 2 kg up to 8 kg. Measure
time required for raising and lowering for various loads.

Observations:
Pan mass: 0.5 kg
Stroke length : ………mm
Piston diameter: ………. mm
Piston rod diameter: ………. mm

Sr. Load Time (sec.) Velocity (mm/sec.) Flow rate Pressure

(N) (L/min) (kg/cm2)
Raising Lowering Raising Lowering Raising Raising
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Conclusion: