Consumption of Electric Vehicle:

Behavioral Aspect of Consumer for Adopting Electric Vehicles.

A research proposal prepared by Group-1 (Vaibhav Arora, Bharat Arora, Ravi

Khushwaha, Aditya Mishra, Gaurav Rohilla): in partial fulfilment of curriculum
for MBA.

ABSTRACT:

Unique Electric vehicle is another method for transportation having no air, commotion
contamination and a natural neighborly approach to drive. India being a significant market for
electric vehicles and the government intends to be an electric vehicle nation by 2030 is a
significant eager arrangement and to accomplish this examination has been directed to check the
worthiness of individuals towards the electric vehicle and its impact on the car industry. Right
now, attempts to discover the individual's sentiment and their mindfulness about the electric
vehicle, response to certain inadequacies of electric vehicle and will individuals acknowledge it
wholeheartedly. The administration of India propelled the FAME plan to expand the reception of
electric vehicles among masses. Practically all the vehicle makers on the planet have in any event
one electric vehicle in their item portfolio and around the world the acknowledgment of electric
individuals is quickly developing. A few arrangements for electric portability have been turned
out and its prompt impact is certain. Anyway, it's a goal-oriented and long excursion with a
complete strategy plan, it very well may be accomplished. Approaches should be acquainted
with disheartening the further appropriation of fuel vehicle and new plans should be executed to
exasperate the reception of electric vehicles. This investigation utilized 9 free factors relating to
attributes of electric vehicles and built up a relapse model for deciding the purchasing conduct of
the client. The examination was finished utilizing R programming. The examination found that
portability and reviving qualities were seen as the largest elements while RTO standards were
viewed as the least critical trademark influencing the purchasing choice of electric vehicles. The
model created from our examination was 88% exact and subsequently can be utilized for
foreseeing the purchasing conduct of the client. This examination is of prime significance to the
organizations that needed to dispatch electric vehicles in India.

INTRODUCTION:

Currently one of the biggest challenges faced by most of the countries is air pollution, rising
price of petroleum products, increasing CO2 emission, increasing transportation cost and rise in
global temperature these all problems are somehow related with increasing numbers of
petroleum based automotive vehicle. Mostly in metro to average size cities where its contribution
is about 30 to 50 % in air pollution and one of the main reason behind rising of particulate metal
PM2.5.In a current WHO (world health organization) reporting among world’s 30 most air
polluted cities 21 are from India an empirical evidence for this is also available, any non smoker
metro citizen of Indian lungs are 25 % less effective than equivalents of European citizens. 1 It’s
true that automobiles are not only responsible for air pollution, Industries are also contributing at
a significant level and reason behind that is mostly dependency upon coal for energy. Care for
country environment and citizen’s health should be prime concern for governing authorities,
that’s why intense analysis is required before taking any action. In this scenario Electric vehicle
can be one of the options but that may further increase our dependency on electricity or may say
coal.This article is all about challenges, pros and cons if India goes with Electric vehicle
adaption and reactions of Indian consumers for this green transportation transformation.

LITERATURE REVIEW:

The government’s eager arrangement of having the all-electric vehicle on street by 2030. While
this transformative postures difficulties alongside opportunities (2). Electric portability is
generally considered today to be an approach to improve air quality and meet condition
necessities, yet scarcely is it incorporated in a far-reaching vision for more brilliant urban
communities. Electric vehicles keep on being related to conventional buy and use models, are
still commonly considered as just autos: creative uses and administrations identifying with
batteries, or joining with shrewd structures, are overlooked, or if nothing else given legitimate
idea. [3] Impeccable and significant arranging and tolerance in the execution system are the
requirements of electric vehicle showcase presentation for a positive result. Governments should
emphasize making an environment positive toward EV acknowledgment. Universal
coordination/cooperation brings down the expense for the government to acquaint EVs and
shows with the world its ecological concern and responsibility towards this better approach for
transportation. The general effect of an electric vehicle at last advantages the individuals.
Electric vehicles are 97% cleaner contrasted with gas-fueled vehicles It doesn't deliver any
tailpipe outflows that can put the particulate issue into the air. The Particulate issue, (cancer-
causing agents) when discharged into the climate by gas-fueled vehicles, "can bother wellbeing
state of asthma patients, and disturb respiratory frameworks. .In reality, as we know it where
natural security and vitality protection are developing concerns, the advancement of electric
vehicle innovation has taken on a quickened pace to satisfy these necessities. Concerning the
earth, EVs can give discharge free urban transportation. From the vitality perspective, Electric
vehicles can offer a safe, thorough and adjusted vitality alternative that is proficient and
ecologically neighborly, for example, the usage of different sorts of sustainable power sources.
Moreover, EVs will greatly affect vitality, condition, and transportation just as Hitech
advancement, new industry creation, and financial development.[6] India, the world’s third-
biggest vitality customer after the United States and the Republic of China, is progressing in the
direction of building a green and economical economy and plans to accomplish 175 giga watt
(GW) of sustainable power source limit constantly 2022 as a major aspect of its crucial
responsibilities under the worldwide environmental change accord. Of this, 100GW is to
originate from sunlight based. "This industry (EV) is beginning to inspire itself it’s still a little
level of the general vehicle showcase yet it’s beginning to arrive at a point where it can have a
solid and significant effect internationally," Such a move to sustainable power source bodes well
for India which paid Rs4.16 trillion to purchase 202.85 million tons of unrefined petroleum in
2015-16. Electric vehicles‟ sway on nature has been viewed as commonly with no genuine
advances taken toward that path. Our financial model is unique since it wants to analyze normal
consumers'‟ decision between changing to electric vehicles (EVs) and buying every single other
great. We had the option to investigate the natural effect of reception electric vehicle, which will
enhance our contention for whether pushing for customers to go for an electric vehicle is a
decent Decision. There are economical and environmental factors which change the behavior of
consumer of India for using EV, some of them are as ICE vehicle only transfers 17-21% of fuel
energy to wheel power whereas EV transfers 59-61% of electric power to wheel. Option of
charging by solar panel installed at top of your car can reduce your charging duration and cost.
As 70 % car cost consist of battery cost alone but good thing is that batteries has resalable value,
So if we think from economical point of view production cost of car will start reducing after
completion of first cycle of usage. It will be costing less to manufacturer in later periods that will
make it cheaper in a future. This phenomenon is being observed in Europe, so even if price of
EV are higher in initial period government should move on so that in future prices may get
down. As in EV absence of engine also ensures non combustion and reduces vibration those are
main factor for rising maintenance cost.

GAPS IN LITERATURE:

 There are several challenges which may affect consumer thought for using EV few of
them are like technical, infrastructural, social and political challenges, we have
summarized here. Temperature, Battery of electric vehicle is very sensitive to
temperature its efficiency or life cycle may get reduce an resistance also increases at
higher temperature that will causing less flow of electricity to drive motor. India hot
climate are not much suitable for it, battery with having much cooling features will be
more useful for Indian scenario. This is issue which may affect behavior of consumer.
 Logistic for battery, It’s comparative to traditional battery heavier an average size weight
is approx. 500 kg, handling it up to producer level is understandable but at the small
workshop level or in a small town this may become cumbersome task.
 Social issue which may arise due to use of EV is its impact on Grid Load, As this
problem is already faced at European countries, here we would have to think that when in
any city quantity of EV will be significantly higher and generally users will start charging
car in night hours after whole day usage and that same time load on grid will high due to
night hours, so there may be chances of overloading and grid may fail because grid and
transmission lines are not capable to bear that much load. This as a whole may influence
the behavior of consumer.
 Charging Infrastructure, Infrastructure development for charging EV is main concern.
Location for public charging stations, database for station and tariff rates are also sort of
problems which requires well planning. In fact India’s legacy carmakers have long
moaned about the lack of charging infrastructure being a major reason why they wouldn’t
invest in producing electric vehicles. Users will prefer EV if these facility would be
available all around the area where user may go with vehicle. Another problem India has
its hot climate and diverse land profile or hilly areas. Battery will drain early if continue
runs on hilly area as more power will be required. Provision of charging with safe electric
connections meeting with BIS standards and Charger connectors relevant to transformer
and its KV rating would be required.
 India doesn’t have raw material reserve for manufacturing lithium-ion based battery for
that cobalt and lithium is required. Most reserves are located in few countries, 65% of
Lithium reserves are in Bolivia and Chile, while 60% cobalt reserves are in Congo that
helps in cooling of battery. Short supply has made both expensive. Most of the mines are
taken on lease by China. This will impact higher prices of EV and resulting less
inclination of customers for buying.
 Political support expectation Role of government is major factor that may influence the
success story of this scheme. Government should make few policies in such a way that
people could get motivated to buy EV. For that they should offer attractive discount, road
tax free, parking free or tolls, and on other hand should penalized polluting car owners.
Recently government launched scheme of high resale value for used cars owners that will
also solve lack of steel scrape problem of India is appreciable.
 Government should extend support for EV by organization which are directly or
indirectly may help to make EV business successful. Solar and wind power projects
should be installed on larger scale. Configuration of R&D team for EV renovation and
especially for battery part should be given much attention as we are completely
dependent on other countries as we don’t have raw material reserves to made battery.
Government support is also expected to develop infrastructure for charging station
network and major challenge would be land acquisition because it’s not like typical petrol
pump where one can get feed within minute or two but here in case cars will be staying
 for a longer period that also depends on rate of battery charging, traffic on highway. This
is also a major concern for companies which are interested to do business with India.

HOW WE PROCEEDED:

As we have mentioned few gaps which may affect consumption behavior. So, we will take
feedback from consumers region who has recently purchased or using EV for some period From
Delhi, NCR and Haryana. How much they really concern for factors mentioned above and what
where the factors which motivated them to buy EV.

REFRENCES:

 http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/461648/2018-world-air-quality-report/