AMTA/Statkraft AS – 2nd Osmosis Membrane Summit

AMTA/Statkraft AS
2nd Osmosis Membrane Summit
San Diego, CA – July 11-12, 2010

Renewable Energy
gy R&D Activities at
the U.S. Department of Energy
Presentation byy

Dr. Allan R. Hoffman

U.S. Department of Energy
11 JJuly
l 2010

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Outline of Presentation

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

mission
organization chart
Renewable energy programs
electric power
alternate
lt t fuels
f l
Financial opportunities with EERE
EERE budget information
Other sources of financial assistance
Water-energy activities at DOE
Concluding remarks

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Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Mission
develop and deploy renewable energy sources and
conversion
i technologies,
h l i and
d
identify efficiency best practices, regulations and
technologies that
collectively strengthen our economy, protects the
environment, and increase national security

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The EERE Organization

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Renewable Energy Technologies

Solar energy
photovoltaics (PV)
solar thermal
solar hot water
passive solar
p
concentrating solar power (CSP)
dish Stirling
parabolic trough
power tower
concentrating PV
Wind energy
Geothermal energy
power generation
di t use
direct
ground source heat pumps

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Renewable
e e ab e Energy
e gy Technologies
ec o og es (continued)
(co t ued)

Biomass energy
direct combustion
gasification
liquid fuels
Hydropower
Ocean & Tidal energy
ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
wave energy
tidal energy
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

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What do they look like?

PV
Concentrating Solar Power
Wind Geothermal

Hydropower Tidal Energy

Biomass

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Financial Opportunities
pp With EERE

Financial assistance
direct award of money, property, or services to accomplish a public
purpose authorized by statute
grants and cooperative agreements
continuation and renewal awards
unsolicited proposals
CRADAs
CRADA
national laboratory subcontracts
subawards
$2.2 billion awarded in FY 2009
Procurement of goods and services
$13 million
illi iin FY 2009

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

$16 8 billion appropriated to EEERE (2-year $)

$16.8
energy efficiency projects: $15.20 billion
renewable energy projects: $1.47 billion
hydroelectric modernization: $ 31.7 million
wind: 106.9
solar: 116.0
geothermal: 393.1
biomass: 777.1
fuel cells: 43.0

other: $130 million

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“Normal”
Normal EERE budget numbers ($millions)

Funding category FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 request to

appropriation
pp p appropriation
pp p Congress
g
energy efficiency 1,031.4 931.4 1,083.3
renewable energy 688.0 815.0 877.4
- water power 39 1
39.1 50 0
50.0 40 5
40.5

- wind 54.4 80.0 122.5

- solar 172.4 247.0 302.4
- geothermal 43.3 44.0 55.0
- biomass 214.2 220.0 220.0
- hydrogen
h d & ffuell cells
ll 164 6
164.6 174 0
174.0 137 0
137.0

other 450.6 496.1 394.8

Total 2,170.0 2,242.5 2,355.5

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Other Sources of Financial Assistance

Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR):

U.S. Government program in which federal agencies with large research
and development (R&D) budgets set aside a small fraction of their
funding for competitions among small businesses only

ARPA-E:
focus is on creative “out-of-the-box” transformational energy research
that industry by itself cannot or will not support due to its high risk but
where success would provide dramatic benefits for the nation

Loan Guarantee Program:

g
authorizes DOE to issue loan guarantees to eligible projects that "avoid,
reduce, or sequester air pollutants or anthropogenic emissions of
greenhouse g
g gases" and "employ
p y new or significantly
g y improved
p
technologies as compared to technologies in service in the United
States at the time the guarantee is issued".
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Linking Energy and Water

Until just a few years ago:
water
t people
l rarely
l thought
th ht about
b t energy
there will be a grid connection or a diesel generator
available when needed
energy people occasionally thought about water in limited ways -
hydropower, thermoelectric cooling
the water will be there when needed

and this worked for most of the 20th century, but no longer can we make
these assumptions

the water-energy linkage/nexus has finally begun to be recognized as a

serious national and global issue

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How Are Energy and Water Related?

Many forms of energy production and use depend on the availability of water:
hydropower
cooling of thermal power plants
fossil fuel production and processing
biofuels
carbon capture and sequestration
hydrogen economy

Energy is needed to:

extract water from underground
g aquifers
q
transport water through canals and pipes
manage and treat impaired water for reuse, and
desalinate brackish and sea water to provide new fresh water supplies

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Another Critical Linkage-Global

g Climate Change
g

Energy production and use are major contributors to global warming and related
climate change

U.S. National Assessment, 1998:

“The scientific evidence that humans are changing the climate is
increasingly compelling.….In many cases and in many locations, there is
compelling evidence that climate changes will pose serious challenges to
our water systems.”

IPCC Technical Paper on Climate Change and Water (2008)

“Observational
“Ob i l records
d and
d climate
li projections
j i provide
id abundant
b d evidence
id
that freshwater resources are vulnerable and have the potential to be strongly
impacted by climate change….”

14
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DOE’s Water‐Energy Activities
gy

Many program offices are supporting energy-water R&D:

EERE, Fossil Energy, Policy and International Affairs, Science,
Nuclear Energy
Many national laboratories are supporting these efforts:
NETL
NREL
Sandia
Berkeley
Argonne
Los Alamos
Oak Ridge
Brookhaven
Pacific Northwest
Idaho
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Some DOE R&D Activities Related to Water and Power Generation (#1 of 2)

reducing water used by biofuels, nuclear, geothermal and concentrating solar

power systems

reducing water use by traditional fossil fuel-powered generation technologies:

opportunities for reductions made possible by use of wind energy

opportunities for hydropower upgrades at existing facilities

analytical tools for managing energy-water tradeoffs in hydropower systems

i
impacts
t off drought
d ht on water
t availability
il bilit for
f power plant
l t cooling
li ini Western
W t U.S.
US

advanced, more efficient separation technologies for treating degraded water

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DOE R&D Activities – continued (#2 of 2)
( )

improving the quality of oil and gas produced water

improved hydrologic forecasting for optimal hydropower system operations

use of mine water and treated wastewaters in thermal power plants

use of saline formations for combined thermal power plant water needs and
carbon
b sequestration
t ti

water-related issues affecting conventional oil and gas recovery and potential
shale oil development in Utah

minimizing the environmental impact of water used for the hydrofracturing

((“fracking”)
fracking ) of gas shales

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Concluding Remarks

There is a broad range of renewable energy R&D activities

supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and the level
of support is increasing

The inseparability of energy and water issues is now

clearly recognized and is receiving increasing attention and
support in DOE’s R&D activities

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Thank you

Contact information:

E-mail: allan.hoffman@ee.doe.gov

Telephone: 202-586-8302

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