Technical Standard For Sewerage System 10,000PE: TS (T-P) 0101-1:2018

INTERIM REPORT: TS 2
7 MAY 2019 (REV.5)
Technical Standard for Sewerage System ≤ 10,000PE
TS(T-P) 0101-1:2018
Technical Standard for Sewage Treatment Plant for Liquid Stream (Physical Process) - Part 1: Inlet
Works, Solid Screening, Grit & Grease Removal & Equalization Tank
© Copyright
TS(T-P) 0101-1:2018 - Technical Standard for Sewage Treatment Plant for Liquid Stream (Physical
Process) - Part 1: Inlet Works, Solid Screening, Grit & Grease Removal & Equalization Tank
Contents
Foreword ................................................................................................................................................ 3
Committee Representation .................................................................................................................... 4
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.0 Scope ........................................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 Normative References ................................................................................................................ 5
4.0 Abbreviation ............................................................................................................................... 8
5.0 Definition .................................................................................................................................... 9
6.0 Inlet Chamber ........................................................................................................................... 11
6.1 Purpose of Inlet chamber...................................................................................................... 11
6.2 Design Requirements ............................................................................................................ 11
7.0 Primary Screen .......................................................................................................................... 12
7.1 Purpose of Primary Screen.................................................................................................... 12
7.2 Design of the Primary Screen ................................................................................................ 13
8.0 Pumping Station ....................................................................................................................... 15
8.1 Purpose of Pumping Station ................................................................................................. 15
8.2 Design of Pumping Station .................................................................................................... 15
8.3 Pump Hydraulic Design ......................................................................................................... 17
9.0 Flow Measurement................................................................................................................... 17
10.0 Secondary Screen ..................................................................................................................... 18
10.1 Purpose of Secondary Screen ............................................................................................... 18
10.2 Design Requirements of Secondary Screen .......................................................................... 18
11.0 Conveyor ................................................................................................................................... 19
12.0 Grit and Grease Removal .......................................................................................................... 20
12.1. Purpose of Grit and Grease Removal .................................................................................... 20
12.2. Design Requirements ............................................................................................................ 21
12.3. Type of Grit and Grease Removal System............................................................................. 24
13.0 Equalization Tank...................................................................................................................... 25
13.1 Purpose of Equalization Tank ................................................................................................ 25
13.2 Requirements of Equalization Tank ...................................................................................... 25
14.0 Flow Distribution to the Treatment Process ............................................................................ 27
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15.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements ................................................................................. 27

16.0 Other Amenities ....................................................................................................................... 27
17.0 Construction Requirements...................................................................................................... 27
17.1 General.................................................................................................................................. 27
17.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures ............................................................................................ 27
17.3 Structural Steel...................................................................................................................... 28
18.0 Health and Safety Requirements ............................................................................................. 29
2
Foreword
3
Committee Representation
This Technical Standard for Sewage Treatment Plant for Liquid Stream (Physical Process) – Part 1:
Inlet Works, Solid Screening, Grit & Grease Removal & Equalization Tank has been prepared by a
Task Force and reviewed by Technical Working Group comprising of representatives from the
following Government Agencies, Scientific and Professional bodies, Consultants, Supplier and
Specialist Contractors.
4
1.0 Introduction
This technical standard sets out the requirements for a sewerage system to cater for a
design population of 10,000 PE or less.
2.0 Scope
TS(T-P) 0101-1:2018 shall cover the design and construction requirements for the various
components of the Inlet Works as follows:
(a) Inlet Chamber.
(b) Primary Screen.
(c) Pumping Station.
(d) Flow Measurement.
(e) Secondary Screen.
(f) Grit and Grease Chamber.
(g) Equalization Tank.
(h) Flow Distribution to the Treatment Process.
3.0 Normative References

The normative references that are relevant to TS(T-P)0101-1:2018 are as follows:
(a) Drainage, Sanitation and Sanitary Plumbing By-laws 1976.
(b) Factories and Machinery Act 1967.
(c) Environment Quality Act 1974.
(d) Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulation 2009, EQ(S)R 2009
(e) Local Government Act 1976.
(f) Occupational Safety and Health Act, OSHA 514 – 1994.
(g) Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974.
(h) Uniform Building By Law 1984.
(i) Akta Bekalan Elektrik 1990 (Akta 448).
(j) Peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik 1994.
(k) SPAN, Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guideline Volume IV, Sewage Treatment Plant,
Third Edition, 2009.
(l) SPAN, TS 1402 – Technical Specification for Standard STP Part 1 – Extended Aeration
(150- 5000 PE), 2016.
(m) Wastewater Engineering – Treatment and Reuse, Fifth Edition, Metcalf & Eddy, 2014.
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(n) Wastewater Treatment Plants – Planning, Design and Operation, Second Edition, Syed
R. Qasim, 1999.
(o) Malaysian Standard
(i) MS 415: PART 1: 1976 – Code of practice for composite construction in
structural steel and concrete Part 1: Simply Supported Beams in building.
(ii) MS 739:1981 – Specification for hot-dip galvanized coatings on iron threaded
fasteners.
(iii) MS 740:1981 – Specification for hot-dip galvanized coatings on iron and steel
articles.
(iv) MS 1195: PART 1:1991 – Code of practice for structural use of concrete. Part 1:
Design and construction.
(v) MS 1195: PART 2:1991 – Code of practice for structural use of concrete. Part 2:
Special circumstances.
(vi) MS 1195: PART 3:1991 – Code of practice for structural use of concrete. Part 3:
Design charts for singly reinforced beams, doubly reinforced beams and
rectangular columns.
(vii) MS 1228:1991 – Code of practice for design and installation of sewerage
systems.
(p) British Standard
(i) BS 4449:2005+A3:2016 – Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable
reinforcing steel. Bar, coil and decoyed product. Specification.
(ii) BS 5493:1977 – Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel
structures against corrosion.
(iii) BS 7079:2009 – General introduction to standards for preparation of steel
substrates before application of paints and related products.
(iv) BS EN 1992-3:2006 – Eurocode 2. Design of concrete structures. Part 3: Liquid
retaining and containing structures.
(v) BS EN 10025-1:2004 – Hot rolled products of structural steels. Part 1: General
technical delivery conditions.
(vi) BS EN 10025-3:2004 – Hot rolled products of structural steels. Part 3: Technical
delivery conditions for normalized/normalized rolled weldable fine grain
structural steels.
(vii) BS EN 10025-4:2004 – Hot rolled products of structural steels. Part 4: Technical
delivery conditions for thermomechanical rolled weldable fine grain structural
steels.
(viii) BS EN 10029:2010 – Hot-rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above. Tolerances on
dimensions and shape.
6
(ix) BS EN 10088-1:2014 – Stainless steels. Part 1: List of stainless steels.

(x) BS EN 10088-3:2014 – Stainless steels. Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for
semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of
corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
(xi) BS EN 10162:2003 – Cold rolled steel sections. Technical delivery conditions.
Dimensional and cross-sectional tolerances.
(xii) BS EN 10210-2:2006 – Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and
fine grain steels. Tolerances, dimensions and sectional properties.
(xiii) BS EN 10296-1:2003 – Welded circular steel tubes for mechanical and general
engineering purposes. Technical delivery conditions. Part 1: Non-alloy and alloy
steel tubes.
(xiv) BS EN 10297-1:2003 – Seamless circular steel tubes for mechanical and general
engineering purposes. Technical delivery conditions. Part 1: Non-alloy and alloy
steel tubes.
(xv) BS EN 10305-1:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 1: Seamless cold drawn tubes.
(xvi) BS EN 10305-2:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 2: Welded cold drawn tubes.
(xvii) BS EN 10305-3:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 3: Welded cold sized tubes.
(xviii) BS EN 10305-4:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 4: Seamless cold drawn tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic
power systems.
(xix) BS EN 10305-5:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 5: Welded cold sized square and rectangular tubes.
(xx) BS EN 10305-6:2016 – Steel tubes for precision applications. Technical delivery
conditions. Part 6: Welded cold drawn tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power
systems.
(xxi) BS EN 10365:2017 – Hot rolled steel channels, I and H sections. Dimensions and
masses.
(xxii) BS EN ISO 2063-1:2019 – Thermal spraying. Zinc, aluminium and their alloys.
Part 1: Design considerations and quality requirements for corrosion protection
systems.
(xxiii) BS EN ISO 2063-2:2017 – Thermal spraying. Zinc, aluminium and their alloys.
Part 2: Execution of corrosion protection systems.
(xxiv) BS EN ISO 9445-1:2010 – Continuously cold-rolled stainless steel. Tolerances on
dimensions and form. Part 1: Narrow strip and cut lengths.
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(xxv) BS EN ISO 9445-2:2010 – Continuously cold-rolled stainless steel. Tolerances on

dimensions and form. Part 2: Wide strip and plate/sheet.
(xxvi) BS EN ISO 14713-3:2017 – Zinc coatings. Guidelines and recommendations for
the protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures. Part 3:
Sherardizing.
(q) Australian / New Zealand Standards
(i) AS/NZS 2312.1:2014 – Guide to the protection of structural steel against
atmospheric corrosion by the use of protective coatings. Part 1: Paint coatings.
(ii) AS/NZS 2312.2:2014 – Guide to the protection of structural steel against
atmospheric corrosion by the use of protective coatings. Part 2: Hot dip
galvanizing.
(iii) AS/NZS 3750.2:2008 – Paints for steel structures. Part 2: Ultra high-build paint.
(iv) AS/NZS 3750.12:1996(R2013) – Paints for steel structures. Part 12:
Alkyd/micaceous iron oxide.
4.0 Abbreviation
BWL Bottom Water Level
c/w Complete with
D Depth
DI Ductile Iron
HDPE High Density Polyethylene
EWS Early Warning System
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IL Invert Level
L Length
LED Light Emitting Diode
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
PE Population Equivalent
Qavg Average Flow Rate
Qpeak Peak Flow Rate
QRSP Flow Rate of Raw Sewage Pump Flow Rate
RC Reinforced Concrete
RSP Raw Sewage Pump
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SPAN Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (National Water Services Commission)

STP Sewage Treatment Plant
TDH Total Dynamic Head
TWL Top Water Level
uPVC Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride
VCP Vitrified Clay Pipe
W Width
5.0 Definition
Anti-skid - refers to the coating provided to prevent from slip.
Baffle - refers to the palate / structure that is installed or
constructed in the process tank to promote uniform flow
throughout the tank and to avoid short-circuiting.
Bottom Water Level (BWL) - refers to the minimum operating water level in the pump
well and other process tanks.
Competent Person - refers to a person who is qualified to submit sewerage
planning and design, supervise the construction,
installation, testing and inspection of the sewerage works
or septic tank works as particularly set out in the Schedule
1, Water Services Industry Act 2006 (Planning, Design and
Construction of Sewerage System and Septic Tank) Rules
2013 [P.U.(A) 214].
Design Capacity - refers to the maximum flows and loads of the sewage that
the facilities are designed for, which conform to the
stipulated effluent quality standards.
Drainage - refers to the action or process of removing the liquid from
any structure.
Effluent - refers to the treated fluid discharged from the sewage
treatment plant.
Equipment - refers to any component which is installed in, mounted on,
attached to, or operated on structures in the performance
of their intended function.
Final effluent - refers to the effluent discharged from a sewage treatment
plant.
Freeboard - refers to the space between top water level and the top of
the channel or process tank.
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Grease - refers to the thick oily and floating substance that is

typically generated from kitchen waste.
Grit - refers to the small loose particles of stone or sand found in
the sewage.
Invert Level (IL) - refers to the bottom level of any channels or process
tanks.
Parameter - refers to any of the factors listed in the Third and Fifth
Schedules in the Environment Quality (Sewage)
Regulations, 2009.
Population Equivalent (PE) - refers to the population equivalent in terms of fixed
population of a varying or transient population for
domestic wastes from sectors which include residential,
commercial and industrial that contribute flow to the
sewerage system.
Retention Time - refers to the average length of time the sewage is retained
within the given process unit within in the sewerage
system. It is also known as Residence Time.
Scum - refers to a layer of floating or buoyant materials on the
surface of sewage treatment unit such as clarifiers, grease
chamber, sludge treatment units.
Sewage - refers to any liquid discharges containing human excreta,
animal or vegetable matters in suspensions or solution
derived from domestic activities and being generated from
the household, commercial, institutional and industrial
premises including liquid discharges from water closets,
basins, sinks, bathrooms and other sanitary appliances but
excluding rain water and other prohibited effluent.
Sewage Sludge - refers to the residual mixture of solid and liquid produced
during the partial or full treatment of sewage but does not
include treated sewage effluent discharged through a
disposal pipe.
Sewerage System - refers to a system incorporating sewers, disposal pipes,
pumping stations or sewage treatment works or any
combination thereof and all other structures, equipment
and appurtenances (other than individual internal
sewerage piping, common internal sewerage piping or
septic tanks) used or intended to be used for the
collection, conveyance, pumping or treatment of sewage
and sewage sludge or the disposal of treated sewage
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effluent or sewage sludge.

Top Water Level (TWL) - refers to the maximum water level in a channel, process
tank, an aeration tank, oxidation ditch or a sludge storage
tank or any other sewage treatment structure.
Unit Process - refers to any structure including any related equipment
which is used as a process stage and which can be isolated
from other parallel, upstream or downstream structures.
6.0 Inlet Chamber

6.1 Purpose of Inlet chamber
The inlet chamber shall be provided before the primary screen chamber, to allow proper
direction of the raw sewage to the primary screen chamber as well as diversion of the raw
sewage during operational and maintenance work at the primary screen chamber.
6.2 Design Requirements

(a) The inlet chamber shall be a reinforced concrete (RC) structure of sufficient size to
accommodate the incoming sewer, the connection to the primary screen chamber,
complete with a penstock to control the flow to the primary screen chamber, overflow
pipe and a cat ladder. Refer Table 2.1 for detailed requirements of the Inlet Chamber.
(b) The emergency overflow pipe shall be located at the inlet chamber, last manhole or
the manhole located at lowest ground level within the same catchment, whichever
lower; Emergency overflow shall be connected to proper receiving sump at the
nearest external drain and the receiving drain shall be designed to prevent
overflowing or splashing and to prevent public nuisance. Refer Figure 2.1 for typical
drawing for receiving sump.
Table 2.1: Inlet Chamber Requirements
Item Description Requirement
1. Inlet chamber RC structure; minimum internal dimension 1.2 m;

structure
Internal wall coated with 20 mm thick high alumina cement
plaster; External wall coated with bitumen lining (for corrosive
soil and groundwater condition);
Top cover: minimum 150 mm above ground level, covered with
hot-dipped galvanised grating (hinged type).
2. Cat ladder Stainless steel, fixed type, 500 mm wide.
3. Penstock Minimum 1 unit at the connection from inlet chamber to

primary screen chamber;
The penstock gate / headstock shall be:
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• Provided with manual spindle;

• Watertight;
• Made of cast iron or stainless steel;
• Size to suit the incoming sewer pipe; and
• Stainless steel rising stem and bracket.
Refer to TS (CT)03-12018, page 14 for other requirements.
4. Emergency
Type and size shall be equivalent to the incoming sewer pipe.
overflow pipe
5. Flap valve At the end of the emergency overflow pipe to prevent

backflow.
Figure 2.1: Receiving Sump of the Emergency Overflow Pipe
7.0
7.0 Primary Screen
7.1 Purpose of Primary Screen
(a) Upon reaching the sewage treatment plant (STP), the raw sewage contains settleable
solids such as rags, wood, plastics and other debris, which can interfere and damage
the pumps and other equipment in the downstream treatment processes.
(b) Primary screens are provided before the raw sewage enters the pumping station.
(c) The purpose of primary screen is:
(i) To protect the sewage pumps and other equipment from being clogged and
damaged by settleable solids.
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(ii) To reduce interference with the system performance.
7.2 Design of the Primary Screen

(a) The primary screen shall be installed in open channel of reinforced concrete
construction, just after the Inlet Chamber. Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 14 on the
primary screen installation.
(b) The primary screen shall be manually or mechanically operated.
(c) The front raked type shall be used for primary screening application. The rake shall be
running at 2 to 4 m/min.
(d) Table 2.2 summarises the requirements of the primary screen as well as the chamber.
(e) Other requirements are as following:
(i) In the event of system failure and / or power outages, the flow shall be
automatically directed to the emergency bypass screen. It shall also be able to
cope with the anticipated maximum flow.
(ii) The screen channels shall be provided with appropriate stop plate for stopping
the sewage flow during the maintenance of the channel.
(iii) For modular STP, minimum 1 unit of mechanical screen and 1 unit of bypass
screen shall be provided for first module.
(iv) Sufficient space of minimum 600 mm clearance shall be allowed around the
mechanical screen at deck level for accessibility to the motor and other
components for maintenance works purpose.
Table 2.2: Primary Screen Requirements
1. No. of screens: Duty PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000 - 1 unit (Mechanical)
2. No. of screens: PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

Standby
3. No. of bypass screen 5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000 - 1 unit (Manual)
4. Screen type Corrosion resistant material, capable of withstanding flushing

velocity
5. Screen clear spacing Maximum: 25 mm
6. Slope Manual screen: 30° to vertical or 60° to horizontal;

Mechanical screen: 15° to vertical or 75° to horizontal.
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7. Approach velocity at
Minimum at 0.3 m/s at Qpeak
feed channel
8. Flow through velocity

Maximum 1 m/s at Qpeak
at the screen face
9. Screen channel width Minimum 500 mm
10. Screen channel depth Minimum 500 mm
11. Bypass channel width Minimum 500 mm
12. Overflow opening 300 mm wide at screen channel, with the invert level of the
between channel opening set at the top water level in the channel with 50%
blockage at the face of the screen
13. Connection to pump

Minimum 300 mm x 300 mm
sump
14. Stop Plate Corrosion resistant material (c/w hand wheel for > 5,000 PE)
15. Freeboard Minimum 150 mm below the invert level of incoming sewer
pipe to top water level in the screen channel.
16. Estimate screenings

20 m3/106 m3 at average flow.
per volume of sewage
17. Collection of For manual screens: removable perforated corrosion resistant

screenings material basket, one for each screen.
For mechanical screens: High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) bin,
placed on concrete floor with kerb and drainage pipe.
18. Screenings basket /

7 days
bin storage capacity
19. Access RC staircase, minimum 1 m wide with proper stainless steel

handrails, finishes shall be anti-skid and non-corrosive.
20. Lighting Adjustable weather proof LED type spotlights.
21. Standpipe Located within 3 m, c/w kerb and drainage pipe connected to
wet well.
22. Chamber structure Open RC structure with open channel for each screen with at
least 2.1 m headroom and 550 mm wide 45o chamfered
corners.
14

Internal walls to be coated with 20 mm thick high alumina
cement mortar. External walls to be lined with bitumen
coating, prior to backfilling (for corrosive soil and groundwater
condition).
The top of chamber shall be at least 150 mm above the
ground level and provided with hot-dipped galvanised steel
handrails with kicker plate.
23. Lifting Device Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 30
8.0 Pumping Station

8.1 Purpose of Pumping Station
Inlet pump station shall be preceded by primary screens to protect the pumps from being
damaged or clogged. The inlet pumps of the treatment works must be capable of handling
raw unscreened sewage. Water pumps must not be used as they are not designed to cope
with matters that may be found in sewage and the variability and quantity of sewage flow.
The purpose of pump stations is:
(a) To lift sewage to a higher point for treatment.
(b) To provide consistent inlet flows to the treatment system.
(c) To prevent overflow of raw sewage.
8.2 Design of Pumping Station

(a) The pump station shall be the wet well type, as summarised in Table 2.3.
(b) The wet well chamber shall be open RC structure, using grade C35A concrete followed
by 20 mm thick high alumina cement plaster. It shall be designed to avoid “dead
zones”, that is, to prevent solids and scum accumulation. The invert of the wet well
shall be sloped 1.5 vertical to 1.0 horizontal, by providing proper benching, which shall
be extended up to the pump intake.
(c) The clearance between pump to pump shall be minimum 600 mm, clearance between
pump to chamfer of wall shall be minimum 300 mm or based on pump requirement to
avoid cavitation of pump (whichever greater).
(d) The wet well shall be covered with hot-dipped galvanised steel grill cover (hinged
type), with a clear opening of either 600 mm x 600 mm or at least 150 mm clearance
of the pump width (whichever greater) to facilitate the removal of the pumps for
maintenance purpose. The covers shall be capable of being lifted by at most two
operators.
(e) The wet wells shall be provided access by stainless steel vertical cat ladder. The
maximum length of a vertical cat ladder between landings should be 6 m.
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(f) Where separate valve pits are used for pump discharge pipes, then the connecting
pipes shall be provided with at least two flexible joints to allow for differential
settlement.
(g) The exposed ductile iron (DI) pipework in the chambers and wet well shall be epoxy
coated; the buried DI pipe shall be provided with polyethylene sleeving. The pipework
shall be adequately supported on concrete plinths or steel structural supports.
(h) The raw sewage pumps (RSP) shall be of non-clog, submersible type pumps. The other
requirements shall include the following:
(i) The pumps shall be equipped with auto-restart mechanism to allow for
automatic pump restart after the power supply has been restored.
(ii) The pumps shall be fitted with thermal sensor as protective accessory.
(iii) Leakage detector is required for more than 7.5 kW RSP.
(iv) The pumps shall be fitted with guide-rails and lifting mechanism to
facilitate the removal of the RSP for maintenance.
(v) The difference in level between start or stop between duty pumps shall be
greater than or equal to 150 mm.
(i) Standby pump shall be equivalent capacity of the duty pump.
Table 2.3: Requirements of the Pumping Station
1. Structure Shall be properly designed RC structure with minimum

internal width of 2 m and invert benched to slope towards
the pump suction with slope of 1.5 vertical to 1.0
horizontal.
2. Guide rails of RSP Stainless steel pipe c/w concrete fill.
3. Cat ladder Stainless steel, fixed type, 500 mm wide shall be provided
c/w mild steel hot-dipped galvanised door opening access
from Primary Screen.
4. Number of Raw Sewage PE ≤ 5,000: 2 units; 1 duty and 1 standby

Pumps (RSP)
5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000: 3 units; 2 duty and 1 standby
5. Design flow for RSP PE ≤ 5,000: each pump at Qpeak;

5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000: each pump at 0.5 x Qpeak
6. Hydraulic retention time Maximum of 30 min at Qavg
7. Pumping cycle Maximum 15 start/hour.
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8. Pump suction and

Minimum 100 mm diameter.
discharge openings
9. Pipework Ductile iron, with high alumina cement lining internally,

and c/w flange joints. Pipe support bracket shall be
stainless steel type, installed at 3 m interval.
10. Check valve Ductile iron c/w swing check type with anti-slam.
11. Gate valve Ductile iron, resilient seated.
12. Lighting Adjustable weather proof LED type spotlight installed

outside the pump sump.
13. Level controls Float switch - Heavy duty non-mercury type or ultrasonic
sensor.
14. Pump start and stop level PE < 500: Minimum 400 mm
PE ≥ 500: Minimum 450 mm, maximum 900 mm
15. Pump low level alarm and
Minimum 150 mm
pump stop level
16. Clearance between pump
Minimum 200 mm
suction and floor
17. Lifting Device Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 30.
8.3 Pump Hydraulic Design

(a) The pump hydraulic design and performance shall include the system curves as well as
the pump curves. The hydraulic performance curve shall indicate the operating points
of pumps with respect to flow and total dynamic head (TDH) as well as the operating
characteristics such as efficiency, horsepower and motor rating.
(b) The pumps shall be operating within their best efficiency range at normal operating
condition.
(c) The pumps are to be equipped with an auto restart mechanism in the event of power
failure.
(d) All pumps shall be installed vertical, unless the competent person for the design is
able to provide good engineering reasons for horizontal installation.
9.0 Flow Measurement

Refer to TS(CT) 04-1:2018, page 16 for the requirements on flow measurement.
17
10.0 Secondary Screen

10.1 Purpose of Secondary Screen
The purpose of secondary screen is:
(a) To remove finer floating debris such as plastics, rags and other particles that may
cause clog and damage to the downstream treatment process.
(b) To minimize blockages in sludge handling and treatment facilities.
10.2 Design Requirements of Secondary Screen

(a) The secondary screen shall be installed in a reinforced concrete chamber of open
channel construction, just after the Pumping Station. The secondary screen shall be
manually or mechanically operated. Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 14 on the
secondary screen installation.
(b) The secondary screen shall be manually or mechanically operated.
(c) The front or back raked type shall be used for secondary screening application. The
rake shall be running at 2 to 4 m/min.
(d) For modular STP, minimum 1 unit of mechanical screen and 1 unit of bypass screen
shall be provided for first module.
(e) Table 2.4 summarises the requirements of the secondary screen as well as the
chamber.
Table 2.4: Requirements of Secondary Screen
1. No. of screens: Duty PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

2. No. of screens: PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

Standby
3. No. of bypass screen 5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000 - 1 unit (Manual)
4. Screen type Corrosion resistant material, capable of withstanding

flushing velocity.
5. Screen clear spacing Maximum 12 mm for both manual and mechanical screens.
6. Slope Manual screen: 30° to vertical or 60° to horizontal.

Mechanical screen: 15° to vertical or 75° to horizontal.
7. Approach velocity at
Minimum 0.3 m/s at Qpeak / QRSP
feed channel
18
8. Flow through velocity

Maximum 1 m/s at Qpeak / QRSP
at the screen face
9. Screen channel width Minimum 500 mm
10. Screen channel depth Minimum 500 mm
11. Bypass channel width Minimum 500 mm
12. Freeboard Minimum 400 mm above top water level.
13. Overflow opening 300 mm wide at RC channel.

between channel
Invert level of the opening shall be same with water level at
50% blockage at the face of the screen.
14. Stop plate Corrosion resistant material (c/w hand wheel for > 5,000 PE)
15. Estimate screenings

37 m3/106 m3 at average flow
per volume of sewage
16. Collection of For manual screens: removable perforated corrosion

screenings resistant material basket, one for each screen.
For mechanical screens: High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
bin, place on concrete floor with kerb and drainage pipe.
17. Screenings basket /

7 days.
bin storage capacity
18. Chamber Structure Open RC structure with 550 mm wide open channel for each
screen with 45o chamfered corners. Internal walls to be
coated with 20 mm thick high alumina cement mortar. The
top of chamber shall be provided with hot-dipped galvanised
steel handrails.
19. Access RC staircase, minimum 1 m wide with proper hot-dipped

galvanised steel handrails, finishes shall be anti-skid and
non-corrosive.
20. Standpipe Located within 3 m, c/w kerb and drainage pipe connected
to wet well.
21. Lifting device Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 30
11.0 Conveyor
(a) Generally, conveyors if required, are used for transferring the screenings from
19
mechanical screens to receiving bin.

(b) However, there are STPs where the primary mechanical screen drops the screening
directly into the collection bins.
(c) Where conveyors are used, there are two types of conveyors namely, belt conveyors
or shaft-less screw compactor.
(d) The screw conveyor if used, shall be typically equipped with compactor at the
discharge end for dewatering screenings before they are discharged.
(e) The conveyor shall be provided with standpipe to facilitate the washing of the
conveyor as well as the collection bin.
(f) The collection bin for the screenings shall be fibre reinforced polyester (FRP) or high-
density polyethylene (HDPE) bin, placed on concrete floor with kerb and drainage
pipe.
(g) The discharge chute shall be set to efficient transfer of the screenings into the
collection bin. The chute shall be higher than conveyor level and shall be steep enough
to avoid collection of transportation materials in the chute.
(h) Height of the conveyor from the floor level shall be 600 mm. Distance of the conveyor
to the discharge chute shall be 750 mm and the height above the discharge chute shall
be not more than 100 mm. A clear working space of 600 mm shall be provided around
the conveyor. This is to facilitate proper inspection and maintenance.
12.0 Grit and Grease Removal

12.1. Purpose of Grit and Grease Removal
(a) Grit creates problems to the sludge pumps, sludge digestion and dewatering facilities,
whereas grease interferes with the processes in the aeration tanks and clarifiers. It is
likely that some of the grit and grease be carried over in the final effluent.
(b) In grit removal system, grit or discrete particles that have subsiding velocities or
specific gravities substantially greater than those of organic putrescible solids, e.g.
eggshells, sands, gravel are removed by gravitate settlement or centrifugal separation.
(c) The grit removal system shall be designed to separate, collect, remove, classify and
deposit grit at the indicated point of its discharge, within the area and at the
elevations indicated.
(d) Same principle applies to oil and grease removal system, where free oil and grease
globules lighter than water rise through the liquid and skimmed from the top surface.
(e) The grease removal system shall be designed to skim, collect, remove and drain grease
and oil to a container or skip for disposal.
(f) The grit and grease shall be removed prior to the subsequent treatment processes
because:
(i) The grit particles cannot be broken down by any biological treatment.
20
(ii) The grit particles are abrasive and wear down equipment.
(iii) The biological treatment in sewage treatment works is not designed to degrade
grease.
12.2. Design Requirements

(a) The grit and grease chamber shall be open reinforced concrete chamber, located after
the Secondary Screen. The chamber shall be rectangular, and provided in 2 units. The
other requirements of the grit and grease chamber are summarised in Table 2.5, and
requirements of sand bed for dewatering Grit and Grease are summarised in Table
2.6.
(b) The other requirements are as follows:
(i) The flow shall be automatically directed to the bypass in case of failure of the
grit removal system and / or power outages.
(ii) Where mechanical grit systems are used, they shall be installed at an angle of at
least 10° to allow drainage and foul water to be returned to the inlet channel.
(iii) Where manual grit systems are used, allow for safe and easy access to remove
grit to a storage bin.
(iv) If grit pump systems are used, the suction pipe shall be short and straight. Tees
and short radius bends shall be avoided. Flanges at strategic locations shall be
provided so that they can be dismantled to remove any blockages.
(v) Air lift pump shall not be used for grit and grease removal.
(vi) The mechanical oil and grease skimming device shall be designed to minimize
the water being removed while skimming the oil and grease.
(vii) Where combined grit and grease chamber is allowed, the total detention time
shall comply to 6 minutes at Qpeak or QRSP.
(viii) Sand pit shall be used for further dewatering of the grease removed before
ultimate disposal. The drainage from the sand pit shall be returned to the inlet
channel for further treatment.
(ix) Air blower shall be shared with SHT, provided that the capacity is sufficient and
complete with proper isolation valve. Standby air blower shall be equivalent
capacity of the duty air blower.
(x) For aerated grit and grease removal system, adequate discharge points to purge
the moisture trapped in the air distribution pipes shall be provided.
21
Table 2.5: Requirements of Grit and Grease Removal System
Design Criteria
Description
PE ≤ 5,000 PE > 5,000
1. Grit Removal
(a) Chamber type Manual, rectangular tank, 2 Mechanical, aerated

units @ QRSP or Qpeak each rectangular / rotary / vortex
tank, 2 units @ 50% QRSP or
Qpeak each
(b) Channel dimensions (for Depth: width ratio = 1 : 2 Depth: width ratio = 1 : 2
rectangular tank)
Length: width ratio = 2 : 1 Length: width ratio = 2 : 1
(c) Bypass channel Not required Required
(d) Side slope 30o to horizontal 30o to horizontal
(e) Minimum hydraulic

3 min 3 min
retention time at Qpeak
(f) Minimum gravity flow

0.2 m/s 0.2 m/s
through velocity at Qpeak
(g) Grit storage Sand drying bed Sand drying bed
(h) Grit storage period before

30 days 7 days
off-site disposal
(i) Estimated quantity of grit

0.03 m3/103m3 of sewage 0.03 m3/103m3 of sewage
at Qavg
(j) Grit removal pipe, c/w Ductile iron pipe, minimum Ductile iron pipe, minimum
gate valve and check 100 mm diameter, gradient: 100 mm diameter, gradient:
valve 1: 75 1: 75
(k) Aeration requirement (for

aerated rectangular type)
• Air requirement - 10 l/s/meter length of tank
• Type of air diffuser Coarse air bubble diffuser
• No. of air blower 1 duty, 1 standby
2. Grease Removal
22
Design Criteria
Description
PE ≤ 5,000 PE > 5,000
(a) Chamber type Simple, manual tank, 2 units Mechanical aerated baffled
@ QRSP or Qpeak each tank, 2 units @ 50% QRSP or
Qpeak each
(b) Bypass channel Not required Required
(c) Grease removal method Minimum 1 unit RC baffle wall Minimum 1 unit RC baffle wall
c/w grease skimmer (fixed or c/w half round PVC trough.
adjustable).
Baffle wall shall be minimum
Baffle wall shall be minimum 100mm above the top water
100mm above the top water level and minimum opening
level and minimum opening 1/3 of water depth from tank
1/3 of water depth from tank floor.
floor.
(d) Minimum detention time

3 min 3 min
at Qpeak
(e) Gradient of grease baffle

5o to vertical -
wall
(f) Grease storage Sand drying bed Sand drying bed
(g) Grease storage period

30 days 7 days
before off-site disposal
(h) Estimated grease quantity

0.03 m3/103m3 of sewage 0.03 m3/103m3 of sewage
at Qavg
(i) Density of grease 0.1 kg/m3 0.1 kg/m3
(j) Pipework DI, Minimum 100 mm DI, Minimum 100 mm

diameter diameter
(k) Aeration requirement (for

aerated type)
• Air requirement - 10 l/s/meter length of tank
• Type of air diffuser Coarse air bubble diffuser
• No. of air blower 1 duty, 1 standby
23
Table 2.6: Requirements of the Sand Bed for Dewatering Grit and Grease
1. Retention time PE ≤ 5,000 - 30 days

5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000 - 7 days
2. Screed to fall 1:200
3. Size of sand bed Area shall be calculated based on volume generated divided by
0.45 m (D)
Minimum dimension shall be 1 m (W) x 2 m (L) x 1 m (D)
4. Perforated and
uPVC / HDPE pipes
overflow pipe
5. Filtrate return sump Minimum 450 mm depth
6. Filtrate return pipe DI (above ground); VCP (buried)
7. Splash pad 500 mm x 500 mm x 100 mm (thick)
8. Sand layer Top: 200 mm thick coarse sand graded 2 mm to 5 mm.

Bottom: 300 mm thick aggregate graded 28 mm to 40 mm.
12.3. Type of Grit and Grease Removal System

(a) One of the following types of system may be selected for the grit removal system:
(i) Aerated grit removal system: the grit shall be separated in an aerated grit
chamber. Collection and removal of grit shall be by horizontal screw conveyor
and bucket elevator, horizontal screw conveyor and inclined screw conveyor,
horizontal screw conveyor and grit pump, chain and bucket equipment.
Classifying equipment shall be a cyclone or screw-type classifier. Baffles shall be
epoxy coated RC structure.
(ii) Longitudinal grit removal system: the grit shall be removed by horizontal screw
conveyor and bucket elevator, horizontal screw conveyor and inclined screw,
horizontal screw conveyor and grit pump or chain and bucket equipment.
Classifying equipment shall be a cyclone or screw-type classifier.
(iii) Vortex type grit removal system: removal of grit shall be by grit pump.
Classifying equipment shall be a cyclone or screw-type classifier.
(iv) Grit scraper and collector system: the grit shall be separated in a rectangular
horizontal grit flow chamber by a chain and flights scraping mechanism and
removal of grit shall be by horizontal screw conveyor and bucket elevator,
horizontal screw conveyor and inclined screw conveyor, horizontal screw
24
conveyor and grit pump, chain and bucket equipment. Classifying shall be a
cyclone or screw-type classifier.
(v) Square horizontal flow grit chamber / degritor system: the grit shall be
separated in a square horizontal grit chamber by a rotating grit raking
mechanism and removal of grit shall be by a reciprocating rake mechanism that
also performs grit washing / classifying.
(b) One of the following types of system shall be selected for the grease removal system:
(i) Floating weir grease skimmer - Floating type: the grease shall be skimmed by
using an adjustable weir to set the overflow depth below the grease layer
surface.
(ii) Surface scum / oil skimmer: the grease removal is achieved by the inclusion of
automatically operated surface skimmers which shall trap the grease on a
beaching platform and a sweeping mechanism shall be provided to remove the
grease into a container or skip for disposal.
(iii) Rotating pipe skimmer (rectangular tank): shall consist of lever operated slotted
skimming pipes and valves lever operators, pipe support brackets and necessary
appurtenances for a complete and functional installation.
13.0 Equalization Tank

13.1 Purpose of Equalization Tank
(a) The purpose of equalization tank is to:
(i) Dampen flow variations before entering secondary treatment processes.
(ii) Reduce hydraulic / shock loading into secondary treatment processes.
(iii) Reduce potential overflows that may cause health hazard and pollution.
(b) The equalization tank is effective means of equalizing sewage flow. Apart from
stabilizing the pH, the equalization tank facilitates the dilution of inhibiting substances
and proper distribution of the solids.
(c) Equalization tank is mandatory for all treatment processes that are not designed at
peak flow, to enable the treatment processes to handle when surge flows occur.
(d) However, equalization tank is not required in the case of extended aeration plants
that are designed with a retention time of more than 18 hours and the clarifiers
designed at peak flow.
13.2 Requirements of Equalization Tank

(a) The equalization tank shall be open type RC tank, usually rectangular. The liquid in the
equalization tank shall be completely mixed.
(b) Mixing requirement shall be either submersible mixer or diffused air system.
25
(c) Air blower shall be shared with SHT, provided that the capacity is sufficient and
complete with proper isolation valve. Adequate discharge points to purge the
moisture trapped in the air distribution pipes shall be provided.
(d) The design flow of the upstream and downstream unit processes is recommended as
follow:
(i) Where no equalization tank is provided, design flow of unit process at
• Upstream = Peak / pumped flow

• Downstream = Peak / pumped flow
(ii) Where equalization tank is provided, design flow of unit process at
• Upstream = Peak / pumped flow
• Downstream = Average flow

(e) Other requirements are summarised in Table 2.7.
Table 2.7: Requirements of Equalization Tank
1. Type RC open tank
2. No. of tanks Minimum 1 unit
3. Volume of tanks (Qpeak – Qavg) x 1.5 hours
4. Emergency overflow To be provided
5. Pump 1 duty and 1 standby at Qavg
6. Water level Bottom water level (BWL): minimum shall be the required
submergence level for the pump or 600 mm whichever
higher.
Top water level (TWL): minimum 500 mm from the top of
the tank.
7. Mixing requirement
(a) Submersible mixer 5 W/m3 of sewage at TWL
• Position To be positioned to ensure proper mixing
• Performance Adequate mixing thrust, to ensure no dead zone.
(b) Diffused air system 1 m3 air / hour / m3 of sewage at TWL
• Diffuser type Coarse bubble
26
• Air blower 1 duty, 1 standby
14.0 Flow Distribution to the Treatment Process

Appropriate RC distribution box shall be provided to distribute the flow evenly to the
downstream treatment process.
15.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements

(a) All exposed metal pipes within the STP boundary shall be flanged joint type.
(b) STP shall be provided with EWS.
(c) Refer to TS(CT) 03-1:2018 for the mechanical and electrical requirements.
16.0 Other Amenities

Refer to TS(CT) 04-1:2018 for the requirements on other amenities.
17.0 Construction Requirements

17.1 General
All construction method shall comply with the relevant Occupational Safety and Health Act
(OSHA) requirements for safety.
17.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
(a) The design of various reinforced concrete structures shall be designed by competent
person.
(b) Concrete structures shall be designed in accordance with MS 1195:1991, except that
concrete structures for retaining sewage and other aqueous liquids shall be designed
in accordance with BS EN 1992-3:2006. Unless otherwise stated elsewhere, the design
working life of all concrete structures shall be 50 years.
(c) The foundation for all concrete structures in the STP shall be designed to withstand
uneven settlement when the structures are loaded as well as buoyance due to high
water table.
(d) Concrete for structures retaining sewage shall have a strength grade not less than
grade C35A. Strength grades higher than C35A may be required as design by the
competent person.
(e) Concrete for purposes other than structures retaining sewage shall have a strength
grade not less than grade C20 where unreinforced, and not less than grade C30 where
reinforced.
(f) The reinforcement shall comply with BS 4449:2005+A3:2016.
(g) Cement used shall be resistant to sulphate attack.
27
17.3 Structural Steel

(a) Structural steel sections shall comply with BS EN 10365:2017 or otherwise with:
(i) BS EN 10162:2003 for cold rolled steel sections.
(ii) BS EN 10210:2006 for hot rolled steel sections.
(iii) BS EN 10025:2004 for weldable structural steel.
(iv) BS EN 10296-1:2003, BS EN 10297-1:2003 and BS EN 10305:2016 for steel tube.
(b) The use of structural steel in building shall be in accordance with MS 415: Part 1: 1976.
(c) Steelwork that may be in contact with sewage through immersion, splash or spray, or
that is over tanks containing sewage, shall be protected against corrosion using one of
the following coating systems:
(i) high build tar epoxy system, complying with AS/NZS 3750.2:2008 and applied in
two or more coats to give a total dry film thickness of not less than 200 µm.
(ii) high build micaceous iron oxide pigmented epoxy system complying with
AS/NZS 3750.12:1996(R2013) and applied in two or more coats to give a total
dry film thickness of not less 200 µm.
(iii) hot-dipped galvanised coating of 140 µm nominal thickness in accordance with
MS 740:1981.
(iv) sealed sprayed zinc coating of 150 µm nominal thickness in accordance with BS
EN ISO 2063:2017.
(d) Steelwork that is exposed to the external atmosphere, except severe marine
atmospheres, shall be protected against corrosion using one of the following coating
systems:
(i) a prime coat of a two packs polyamide cured epoxy zinc phosphate of dry film
thickness 60 to 80 µm with a finishing coat of a high build micaceous iron oxide
chlorinated rubber paint, spray applied to a dry film thickness of 60 to no more
than 80 µm.
(ii) hot-dipped galvanised coating of 85 µm nominal thickness, in accordance with
MS 740:1981.
(iii) sealed sprayed zinc coating of 150 µm nominal thickness, in accordance with BS
EN ISO 2063:2017.
(e) Steel substrates shall be prepared before application of coatings, in accordance with
BS 7079:2009.
(f) Other corrosion protection coating systems for steelwork shall be determined using BS
5493:1977 or AS/NZS 2312:2014 for tropical atmospheres, to provide 20 or more
years with low maintenance.
28
(g) Unprotected steelwork in contact with sewage shall be stainless steel grade 316S31
complying with BS EN 10088: Part 1 and 3:2014 or BS EN 10029:2010 and BS EN ISO
9445:2010.
(h) Successive coatings of the one component shall be tinted a different colour to
facilitate overcoating and inspection.
(i) Bolts, nuts, screws and other fasteners shall have either:
(i) Hot- dipped galvanised, in accordance with MS 739:1981.
(ii) Sherardized zinc coating, in accordance with BS EN ISO 14713-3:2017.
(iii) Electro plating.
(j) Washers and other small components shall have either:
(i) Hot-dipped galvanised, in accordance with MS 740:1981.
(ii) Sherardized zinc coating, in accordance with BS EN ISO 14713-3:2017.
(k) Nuts, bolts, screws and washers in contact with sewage shall be stainless steel of
grade 316S31 steel complying with BS EN 10088: Part 1 and 3:2014 or BS EN
10029:2010 and BS EN ISO 9445:2010.
(l) Fasteners of incompatible material to the component being fastened shall have
suitable isolating washers and sleeves.
18.0 Health and Safety Requirements

The following shall be considered throughout the design, construction and installation:
(a) Provide Safe ingress and egress.
(b) Provide safe working conditions for workers and operators.
(c) Protect the adjoining properties and the public.
(d) Compliance to Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 and Factories and Machinery
Act 1967 requirements.
(e) All Electrical works shall comply to Akta Bekalan Elektrik 1990 (Akta 448), Peraturan-
Peraturan Elektrik 1994 and the relevant IEC Standards.
(f) The following shall be provided:
(i) All moving parts shall be protected by suitable guards. Where inspection is
required, an open mesh with frame and suitably supported maybe used. The
maximum aperture of the mesh shall be 6 mm.
(ii) All guards shall be readily removable and replaceable to the correct orientation
only. However the guard shall be designed with features to prevent accidental
dislocation from its' original position. The fasteners when dropped during
dismantling, must be easily retrievable and should not damage any equipment
or endanger personnel, else fixed fasteners shall be used.
29
(iii) An emergency stop button, preferably of mushroom head type shall be located
adjacent to all equipment. More than one emergency stop button shall be used,
if access around the item is restricted.
(iv) Long items, such as conveyor belts, shall have an emergency lanyard applied to
each accessible length of conveyor.
(v) Permanent warning signs shall be posted at visible location for all dangerous
areas and shall clearly indicate the nature of risk at that area. This includes
warning signage at low voltage room and other hazardous areas / confined
space.
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Technical Standard For Sewerage System 10,000PE: TS (T-P) 0101-1:2018

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Technical Standard For Sewerage System 10,000PE: TS (T-P) 0101-1:2018

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INTERIM REPORT: TS 2

7 MAY 2019 (REV.5)

Technical Standard for Sewerage System ≤ 10,000PE

15.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements ................................................................................. 27

3.0 Normative References

(ix) BS EN 10088-1:2014 – Stainless steels. Part 1: List of stainless steels.

(xxv) BS EN ISO 9445-2:2010 – Continuously cold-rolled stainless steel. Tolerances on

SPAN Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (National Water Services Commission)

Grease - refers to the thick oily and floating substance that is

effluent or sewage sludge.

6.0 Inlet Chamber

6.2 Design Requirements

Item Description Requirement

1. Inlet chamber RC structure; minimum internal dimension 1.2 m;

2. Cat ladder Stainless steel, fixed type, 500 mm wide.

3. Penstock Minimum 1 unit at the connection from inlet chamber to

Item Description Requirement

• Provided with manual spindle;

5. Flap valve At the end of the emergency overflow pipe to prevent

Figure 2.1: Receiving Sump of the Emergency Overflow Pipe

(ii) To reduce interference with the system performance.

7.2 Design of the Primary Screen

Item Description Requirement

1. No. of screens: Duty PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

2. No. of screens: PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

3. No. of bypass screen 5,000 < PE ≤ 10,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

4. Screen type Corrosion resistant material, capable of withstanding flushing

5. Screen clear spacing Maximum: 25 mm

6. Slope Manual screen: 30° to vertical or 60° to horizontal;

Item Description Requirement

8. Flow through velocity

9. Screen channel width Minimum 500 mm

10. Screen channel depth Minimum 500 mm

11. Bypass channel width Minimum 500 mm

13. Connection to pump

16. Estimate screenings

17. Collection of For manual screens: removable perforated corrosion resistant

18. Screenings basket /

19. Access RC staircase, minimum 1 m wide with proper stainless steel

20. Lighting Adjustable weather proof LED type spotlights.

Item Description Requirement

23. Lifting Device Refer to TS(CT)03-1:2018, page 30

8.0 Pumping Station

8.2 Design of Pumping Station

Item Description Requirement

1. Structure Shall be properly designed RC structure with minimum

2. Guide rails of RSP Stainless steel pipe c/w concrete fill.

4. Number of Raw Sewage PE ≤ 5,000: 2 units; 1 duty and 1 standby

5. Design flow for RSP PE ≤ 5,000: each pump at Qpeak;

6. Hydraulic retention time Maximum of 30 min at Qavg

7. Pumping cycle Maximum 15 start/hour.

Item Description Requirement

8. Pump suction and

9. Pipework Ductile iron, with high alumina cement lining internally,

11. Gate valve Ductile iron, resilient seated.

12. Lighting Adjustable weather proof LED type spotlight installed

8.3 Pump Hydraulic Design

9.0 Flow Measurement

10.0 Secondary Screen

10.2 Design Requirements of Secondary Screen

Item Description Requirement

1. No. of screens: Duty PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)

2. No. of screens: PE ≤ 5,000 - 1 unit (Manual)