Client’s Requirements

1- The client requires a 9-storey office building in a modern office complex of a city centre.
The building has overhangs to both front and rear elevations and a setback in the middle
third in the longitudinal direction above Level 5. See the figures at the end.

2- Level 1 needs to include a column free zone as indicated. The column spacing in the rest
of Level 1 and upper floors shall not be less than 26 ft.

3- The clear floor-to- ceiling heights shall be 9 ft at Level 1 and 8 ft elsewhere. The total
height of the building including 8 ft high roof screen wall shall not exceed 123 ft. The
roof is flat and accommodates plant except in the middle third. A mechanical services
zone of at least 1.5 ft deep shall be allowed for at each level. However, this could be
ignored if service ducts of 1 ft can be run through the floor structure.

4- Externally the building is to be clad with an anodized aluminum cladding system with
50% glazing uniformly distrusted at all elevations

5- A minimum fire resistance period of 2 hours is required for structural elements.

Proposed structural solution

In view of clients requirement 9-storey skeleton steel framing (beam-column) is recommended.
In our building minimum 26 feet c/c column spacing is required hence this beam column
construction is considered as appropriate. The mechanical service zones of 1.5 feet is required at
each floor and 2 hours fire rating is also required. So 12 feet storey height is given to each floor
which will accomodate the above 1.5 feet service zone and meet the clear height of each floor
requirments. The plaster ceiling of 3 feet depth is recommended which is hang by furring
channel by wires from floor system above and plaster is used as a fire proofing.

1.Functional framing
Functional framing comprised of 9-storey moment resistant frame. The beams and columns
constitute a system to resist a gravity and lateral loads effectively. The columns and beams are
connected through moment connections. The rational behind moment connections are due to
large spans and consequent loadings and framing requirement. The building have 2 service cores
in eccentric to the middle .The stair cases are present along both sides of edges. To ensure the
center of stiffness coincide with center of gravity and equal mass proportion ,shear walls are
recommended around service cores and c shaped shear walls around stairs cases. These shear
wall system established 1st and 2nd mode of building in fundamental sway x and y direction and
3rd mode in torsion in free vibration response which is acceptable.
Roof and floor system

Composite roof and floor systems are recommended. In this system steel beams bonded together
with concrete slab and result in effective and economical solution. Its effective load carrying
capacity will save steel tonnage and reduce total floor thickness and limited deflection.

Beam and columns

W shaped rolled sections are employed in the structure framing which is anchored with slabs
through continuous shear connectors embedded in slab. The columns are w-shaped which are
connected to the beams by moment connections.

2. Foundation
Ground Conditions:
0.0 ft to 5 ft - Made Ground
5.0 ft to 16.5 ft - Medium dense sand (N=20)
Below 16.5 ft - Very dense sand and gravel (N=50)

Ground water was encountered at 10 ft below ground level.

It is recommended a raft foundation in our case as our structure is 9 storey and it needs adequate
bearing capacity of the soil but in our site condition 0-5 feet it is made ground having reduced
bearing capacities so this solution is more viable in our case

3. Load path and stability aspects

The gravity load is acted on the slabs as described above which is transferred in trapezoidal
manner to the connecting beams. These beams will transfer load and moments to the columns
through moment connections.In the end columns will transfer load to the foundation adequately.

The lateral load are assumed to be concentrated at the floor levels which is rigid in the
horizontal plane. The rigid slab and beam system will transfer lateral shears to the core walls in
middle and shear walls around stairs in exterior edges.

The moment frame having composite deck slab with mesh of primary and secondary beams
resting on columns. They are connected with the two service cores in the near middle and two c
shaped shear walls at two edges of building. This will provide a stable structural response against
both lateral and gravity load system.