Appendix 8 Excavation Safety Program

IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 2 of 11

REVISION MODIFICATION LOG

Revisio
Section Description
n
A All Issued For Internal Review

B All Issued For Approval

C All Re-issued For Approval

D 4 Data updated in metric

0 All Status Update

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 3 of 11

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PURPOSE................................................................................................................................. 4
2. APPLICATION.......................................................................................................................... 4
3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS..................................................................................................... 4
4. DEFINITION.............................................................................................................................. 4
5. POTENTIAL HAZARD.............................................................................................................. 5
6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................... 5
7. WORKER SAFETY................................................................................................................... 6
8. PROCEDURE............................................................................................................................ 6
8.1 Before Excavating...................................................................................................................... 6
8.2 Assess to Excavating................................................................................................................. 6
8.3 Confined Space......................................................................................................................... 7
8.4 Excavation Near Hydrocarbon Lines.......................................................................................... 7
8.5 Cave-in Protection System........................................................................................................ 7
8.6 Set Back.................................................................................................................................... 8
8.7 Sloping or Benching Systems.................................................................................................... 8
9. EXCAVATION WORK PERMIT................................................................................................ 8
9.1 Requirements............................................................................................................................ 8
9.2 Permit Approval......................................................................................................................... 9
9.3 Pre-job Safety Meeting.............................................................................................................. 9
9.4 Identification............................................................................................................................... 9

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 4 of 11

9.5 Location of Underground Pipelines and Utilities......................................................................10

9.6 Precaution................................................................................................................................ 10

1. PURPOSE

To provide guidelines for excavation activities and protective measures to remove hazards to
employees based on OSHA construction standards 29 CFR 1926.652.

The following guidelines provide protection for personnel working in and around excavations and
trenches.

2. APPLICATION

All CONTRACTOR and its subcontractors working on open excavations and excavations include
trenches.

3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

 OSHA standard, 29 CFR 1926 (USA) or local regulations and practices

 OSHA standard, 29 CFR 1910.146 Confined Space Standard (USA) or local regulation.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 5 of 11

4. DEFINITION

 Excavation: Any fabricated cavity or depression in the earth's surface formed by earth removal
that produces unsupported earthen sides (walls).
 Trench: A narrow excavation with a width no greater than 4.6 meter.
 Benching: A method of protecting employees from cave-ins by shaping the sides of an
excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps, usually with near-vertical
surfaces between levels.
 Soil Type A: Intact, Hard Soil. Cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength of
16.23 ton per square meter (144kPa) or greater. Examples of cohesive soils are: clay, silty clay,
sandy clay, clay loam and, in some silty or sandy clay loams.
 Cemented soils such as caliche and hardpan are also considered Type A. No soil is Type A if
the following occurs:
- The soil is fissured.
- The soil is subject to vibration from heavy traffic, pile driving, or similar effects.
- The soil has been previously disturbed.
- The soil is part of a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation on a
slope of four horizontal to one vertical (4H: 1V) or greater.
- The material is subject to other factors that would require it to be classified as a less
stable material.
 Soil Type B: The following soils are considered Type B:
- Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength between 0.5 tsf and 1.5 tsf (48-
144 kPa).
- Granular cohesion less soils including: angular gravel (crushed rock), silt, silt loam,
sandy loam and some silty clay loam and sandy clay loam.
- Previously disturbed soils except those classified as Type C soil (see below).
- Soil that meets the unconfined compressive strength or cementation requirements for
Type A but is fissured or subject to vibration.
- Dry rock that is not stable.
- Material that is part of a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation
on a slope less steep than four horizontal to one vertical (4H: 1V) but only if the material
would otherwise be classified as Type B
 Soil Type C: The following soils are considered Type C:
- Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf (48 kPa) or less.
- Granular soils including gravel, sand, and loamy sand.
- Submerged soil or soil from which water is freely seeping.
- Submerged rock that is not stable.
- Material in a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation or a slope
of four horizontal to one vertical (4H: 1V) or steeper.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 6 of 11

5. POTENTIAL HAZARD

 Death by Asphyxiation
 Serious crush injuries
 Electric shock
 Damages to existing facilities
 Buried Landslide

6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Prior to beginning an excavation or trench:

 Advise utility companies and/or landowners of the proposed work.
 Mark underground installations (utility lines, processing equipment, etc.).
 Note: Witching or dowsing alone is not acceptable locating techniques. Use of electronic
locating instruments by trained personnel and accurate mapping when available are minimum
expectations. Hand digging to spot and verify underground installations should be utilized.
 Identify overhead obstructions.

Excavations greater than 1.2 meter deep must undergo a Excavation safety inspection and recorded
by the supervisor.
Inspections are carried out at following occasions
o Before work is started. ( each shift)
o After rainstorms.
o After other occurrences which may increase the hazard of cave-ins.
o After any incident at particular location.
 If there is evidence of possible slides or cave-ins, indications of failure of protective systems, a
hazardous atmosphere, or other hazardous conditions, necessary safety precautions must be
taken before workers enter that section of the excavation.
 Open excavations must be well marked or barricaded and attended by a safety man.

7. WORKER SAFETY

 Workers must not stand under loads handled by machine-powered excavators, derricks, hoists,
or near vehicles being loaded by such equipment.
 Workers exposed to vehicular traffic near excavations or trenches must wear warning vests
marked with or made of reflective or highly visible material.
 Workers must not enter excavations where water is accumulating, or has accumulated, unless
protective measures are in place.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 7 of 11

 Workers should not stand between a pipeline ditch and strung pipe resting on skids, as
movement of the pipe could result in striking a worker, causing a fall.

8. PROCEDURE

8.1 Before Excavating

Before machine excavation begins, workers should:

 Depressurize pipelines in the excavation area, if possible.
 Complete hand digging a minimum distance of 46 cm on each side of the pipelines, utilities, or
cathodic protection system components.
 Use caution when excavating around severely corroded lines.

8.2 Assess to Excavating

Workers must not enter a trench with an unsupported vertical wall 1.5 meter or greater. In trenches
1.2 meter or more in depth, ladders, steps, ramps, or other safe means of access and egress must be
provided and located at intervals of 7.5 meter or less of lateral travel. If a ladder is used, the ladder
must extend 1 meter above the surface of the ground and workers must secure the ladder.

8.3 Confined Space

Every trench or excavation 1.2 meter or deeper must follow Confined Space Entry requirements as
given below.
Personnel who perform work in the confined spaces must have specific, designated duties. All
personnel must undergo an In-house training program and identified the training records in the
employees training record/ passport. They will also be given a course attendance certificate/ Helmet
sticker to identify the course attendance. The training will focus mainly on
 Their duties within the confined space
 Possible hazards within the confined space
 Symptoms of toxic effects due to exposure to hazardous materials that they could encounter in
the confined space.
 Emergency procedures
 Operation of simple fire fighting equipment (for example, fire hose and dry chemical
extinguisher)
 Self-rescue techniques
 Use of all required personal protective equipment

The Confined Space Entry Permit is required for all confined space entry operations.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 8 of 11

The permit does not allow any specific work to take place within a confined space but only allows
entry for inspection and for performing atmospheric testing by an Authorized Gas Tester (AGT).
CONTRACTOR will depute externally trained with a valid certificate holder for performing Gas test.
Any work within a confined space must be carried out under a separate work permit.

Authorized Gas Tester (AGT) is personnel who have performed the required training and have been
deemed competent to perform atmospheric testing / gas testing of work areas, equipment, and
systems to allow for the safe execution of work.

8.4 Excavation Near Hydrocarbon Lines

Mechanized excavation involving hydrocarbon lines must not occur within 15 meter of an open flame.

8.5 Cave-in Protection System

Workers must be protected from cave-ins by a protective system. This system must have the capacity
to resist loads that are applied or transmitted to the excavation:
 Slopes and faces of excavations must be scaled, benched, rock-bolted, wire-meshed, shored,
secured, or shielded by other equally effective means.
 Portable trench boxes or sliding trench shields may also be used and must meet or exceed the
requirements of the application.
8.6 Set Back

Employees must be protected from excavated materials or from equipment that could pose a hazard
by falling or rolling into excavations. Materials or equipment less than 0.6 meter from the edge of an
excavation must have retaining devices sufficient to prevent it from falling into the excavation.
8.7 Sloping or Benching Systems

For excavations 1.5–6 meter deep where shoring or other protective systems are not used, slopes
must be constructed according to the drawing below. The only exception is for stable rock excavation
(natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact while
exposed). Required sloping is based on the type of soil in which the excavation is being dug. A
competent person must classify the soil using approved methods.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 9 of 11

9. EXCAVATION WORK PERMIT

Due to the potential for cave-ins, a controlled entry system for access into excavations is required to
prevent harm to workers in the excavation. Entry into an excavation or trench is controlled under the
same work permit authorizations as Confined Space Entry. Excavations may be controlled using the
Confined Space Permit, or a separate permit specifically for Excavations may be used. The local
management establishes the number and scope of Work Permit types used on the site.

9.1 Requirements

A Competent Person must perform a daily inspection of the excavation site to ensure
the following:
 Protective systems and equipment are in good condition and working properly.
 Potentially hazardous atmospheres are monitored (in depths of 1.2 meter or greater).
 Potentially exposed workers are trained in exiting the excavation if signaled to do so.
 Design and construction of the excavation meets the engineering requirements for the work to
be performed in the excavation.
 Fall hazards are mitigated to acceptable levels.
 Barricades and signs are installed and visible.
 Equipment is not located or operated near the edge of the excavation unless the excavation is
designed for that activity.
 Workers are not under suspended loads.
 Water is not allowed to accumulate in the excavation, and is pumped out using portable pumps
before commencement of work.
 Safe entry and egress is provided for workers in the excavation.
 Disposal min. 1 meter from the edge of excavation

9.2 Permit Approval

All pipelines, underground piping, cables, or other underground facilities, must be located and
identified in the proposed work area prior to commencing any excavation or construction work which
penetrates deeper than 30 cm from the surface.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 10 of 11

Excavation permit and approvals must be obtained prior to the commencement of any work on CPF
site, off site well pad locations, or pipeline right-of-way.

9.3 Pre-job Safety Meeting

Prior to performing any work, a pre-job meeting must be conducted, covering all safety and procedural
aspects. Where the excavation is complex or involves multiple lines, a site-specific procedure must be
prepared.

9.4 Identification

 Contractor will ensure that all underground facilities are properly identified and located prior to
any excavation.
 A written record must be kept of this identification.
 Open excavation shall be provided with suitable barricade for identification and to avoid people
from falling.
 Follow PTW system for Excavation is fully complied as per IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001, Appendix
3 - Permit To Work Procedure.

9.5 Location of Underground Pipelines and Utilities

 No mechanical excavation shall be undertaken on a Pipeline Right-of-way or within 5 meters of

a pipe, cable or conduit beforehand exposure. After hand exposure, the operation may
progress only under the direct on-site supervision of Contractor’s direct supervision.
 During mechanical excavation, where existing underground pipe, cable, conduit or facilities are
involved, a direct supervision is required at all times. Provided with a copy of drawings, permits
and agreements, locating all existing underground installations.
 If excavation do in suspected in atmospheric hazardous area, the atmospheres shall be tested
before employees enter excavation greater than 1.2 meter in depth.
 Daily inspections of excavations, the adjacent areas, and protective systems shall be made by
Contractor Representative for evidence of a situation that could result in possible cave-ins or
other hazardous conditions.

9.6 Precaution

No employee shall be permitted underneath loads handled by lifting or digging equipment. Employees
shall not work in excavations in which there is accumulated water unless special support installs to
protect cave-ins and control water level.
 Soil to be classified by a competent soil investigation team deputed by CONTRACTOR.

475951621.doc
 IDBC-TS-SPSAF-000001
Project Specific Safety Management Plan
BANYU URIP Appendix 8 – Excavation Safety Program
29 Feb 2012
Rev 0
PROJECT
MPI: Not Classified Page 11 of 11

 Excavation to be inspected before each shift, after rain storm or other occurrences by a
competent person.
 Before the commencement of each shift the excavation must be tested for hazardous
atmosphere.
 All excavation of 1.2 meter or deeper shall be considered as confined space and entry permits,
standby watch, access and egress etc shall be ensured.
 Shoring, bracing, benching or sloping will be required to prevent cave in. This will be
determined by a competent person.
 All excavation must have solid barricading and visible at night.
 Rescue plan shall be considered and recorded in Job Safety Analysis (JSA).

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