RAO IIT ACADEMY / I . S .

I – 2018 / MATHEMATICS / SUBJECTIVE TEST / QP + SOL

JEE | MEDICAL-UG | BOARDS | KVPY | NTSE | OLYMPIADS

Max. Marks : 120

Date: 13-05-2018 I.S.I - 2018 Max. Time : 2 hrs

 ISI - 2018_OFFICAL TEST_MATHEMATICS_SUBJECTIVE 

Notations : In the following,   1, 2,3,.... denotes the set of natural numbers,  denotes the set of
real numbers.

Q.1 Find all pairs (x, y) with x, y real, satisfying the equations :

 x y
sin    0,| x |  | y | 1
 2 

x y x y
Sol. sin  0  n
 2  2
 x  y  2 n n I
as | x  y |  | x |  | y |
 | 2 n |  1 n  I
 n0
 x y  0 i.e. y   x

1 1
 | x |  | x |  1  | x | x
2 2

1 1  1 1
Hence  x, y    ,   or   ,  i.e. 2 solutions
2 2  2 2

Q.2 Suppose that PQ and RS are two chords of a circle intersecting at a point O. It is given
that PO = 3 cm and SO = 4 cm. Moreover, the area of the triangle POR is 7 cm2. Find the
area of the triangle QOS.
Sol.  POR   SOQ
2
A  POR   PO  9
   
A  SOQ   SO  16

16 112
 A  SOQ   ·7 
9 9
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Q.3 Let f :    be a continuous function such that for all x   and for all t  0,

f  x   f  et x 

Show that f is a constant function.

Sol. Put et x  y  x  e  t y

 f  e t y   f  y   t

Take t  

 lim f  y   lim f  e t y 
t  t 

 f  y   lim f  h 
h0

where h  e t y and h  0 as t  

but as f (x) is a continuous function, it is continuous at x  0 i.e. lim f  h   f  0 

h 0

 f  y   f  0   y  f is constant function

Q.4 Let f :  0,     be a continuous function such that for all x   0,   ,

f  2x   f  x 

Show that the function g defined by the equation

2x
dt
g  x   f t  t for x0
x

is a constant function.

f t 
Sol. As f (x) is continuous function is a continuous function for t  0 , hence by fundamental
t
2x
f t 
theorem of calculus, the function g  x    dt is a differentiable function  x  0 and deriva-
x t
tive is given by

f  2 x  ·2 f  x  f  2 x   f  x 
g ' x    0
2x x x

 g  x  is constant function  x  0

(It is a standard proof that if g '  x   0, throughout a continuos domain, g  x  is constant)

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 RAO IIT ACADEMY / I . S . I – 2018 / MATHEMATICS / SUBJECTIVE TEST / QP + SOL

Q.5 Let f :    be a differentiable function such that its derivative f ' is a continuous
function. Moreover, assume that for all x  R,

1
0 | f ' x | 
2

Define a sequence of real numbers an n by :

a1  1,

an 1  f  an  for all n  
Prove that there exists a positive real number M such that for all n  ,
| an |  M

1 1
Sol. As   f '  x  
2 2
Integrating from 0 to x, we get
x x
  f  x   f  0   take f  0   c
2 2
x x
c  f  x  c 
2 2
Put x  an

an a
c  f  an   an 1  c  n  n  
2 2
an 1 a
c  an  c  n 1 (1)
2 2
Now
easy to prove by induction

an c an 1 c c a
 an 1  c   c   2  ...  c   ...  n 1  1n
2 2 2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1 1 1
| c | 1  2  ...  n 1  n  | c | 1   ...  n  2 | c | 1
2 2 2 2 2 2

Hence an is bounded above ...(2)

Similarly
an  2
an 1  c 
2
an  2
 c    an 1
2
c an  2 a
 c  2  c  n 1  an From (1)
2 2 2
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
c c c a
c  2  ....  n  2  n11  an
2 2 2 2

c c c 1 c c c a
  c   2  ...  n  2  n 1  c   2  ....  n  2  n11  an Using  | x | x
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1

  
n2
2

1 1 1 1
  | c | 1   2  ....  n 2  n 1  an
2 2 2 2

1 1
 |c| n 2
  an
2 2 n 1


 2 | c | 1  a
n
2n1

   2 | c | 1  
 2 | c | 1  a  an is bounded below
n ...(3)
2n1
(2) and (3)  an is bounded i.e. these exists
m  2 | c | 1 for which
| an |  m  2 | c |  1

Q.6 Let a  b  c  0 be real numbers such that for all n  , there exist triangles of side
lengths a n , b n , c n . Prove that the triangles are isosceles.
Sol. Assume the triangle not isoscales  a  b  c
since a n , b n , c n form triangle

 bn  c n  an
n n
b c
       1 n
a a
Now take n  
n n
b c 
 lim       1 but as lim x n  0  | x | 1
n  a
  a n

 0  1 which is a contraction
 The triangle is isoscales. Also more precisely a  b  c as a  b  c would violate the above
n
b
triangle inequality as well. (Here we’ve used lim    1 if b  a to justify isoscales triangle)
n  a
 

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 RAO IIT ACADEMY / I . S . I – 2018 / MATHEMATICS / SUBJECTIVE TEST / QP + SOL
Q.7 Let a, b, c   be such that

a 2  b 2  c 2 and c  b  1
Prove that,
(i) a is odd,
(ii) b is divisible by 4,
(iii) ab  b a is divisible by c
Sol. (i) a 2  c 2  b 2  c  b  2b  1  1  mod 2 

 a  0  mod 2  as a 2  1  mod 2   a is odd

(ii) Take a  2k  1
a2 1
b  2k  k  1  0  mod 4  as k  k  1 is even hence b is multiple of 4
2

(iii) a 2  c  b  2c  1  1  mod c 
2 k  k 1 k  k 1
 ab  a   1 =1  mod c  as k  k  1 is even

As b  c  1  1  mod c 
2 k 1
 b a  b 2 k 1   1  1  mod c 

 a b  b a  1  1  0  mod c 

i.e. a b  b a is divisible by c.

Q.8 Let n  3 . Let A  (( aij ))1i , j  n be an n  n matrix such that aij  1, 1 for all 1  i, j  n .
Suppose that
ak 1  1 for all 1  k  n and
n

a
k 1
a  0 for all i  j
ki kj

Show that n is a multiple of 4.

n

Sol. In a a 0
ki kj i  j 
1

Put i  1  Assume j  1 now onwards 

n
  ak 1akj  0
1

As ak1  1

 a1 j  a2 j  a3 j  ....  anj  0

i.e. sum of elements in j th   1 column is zero

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As akj  1 or  1, assume m out of n entries in j th column are –1, hence the rest n  m entries
will be 1 and as their sum is zero, we get


1   1  ...   1  1
 1
 ... 
1  0
n  m times
m times

 m  n  m  0  n  2m i.e. n is atleast even.

Hence no. of 1 and –1 should be equal to in any j th ( 1) column
n

Now in a
1
ki akj  0

i.e. a1i a1 j  a2i a2 j  ...  ani anj  0 i  j 

Some terms are "  1 1 ", some are "  11 ", some are " 1 1 " and the rest are

" 11 " .

Let there be r number of "  1 1 " terms

 there will be m  r " 11 " terms as total m terms in the i th column are 1 for aki

 m  r terms will be " 1 1 " and hence r terms will be " 11 "
As the sum is zero
 r  1 1   m  r  11   m  r 1 1  r 11  0

 2r  2  m  r   0

 m  2r  n  4r hence a is multiple of 4

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