How To Calculate Quantities of Cement, Sand and Aggregate For Nominal Concrete

20/05/2020 How to Calculate Quantities of Cement, Sand and Aggregate for Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)?
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How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And

Aggregate For Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)?
Mix design is a process of determining the right quality materials and their
relative proportions to prepare concrete of desired properties like
workability, strength, setting time and durability.
While following a mix design is advised to optimise the material

consumption, it is not possible at site to always come up with Mix design.
Nominal mix concrete is prepared by approximate proportioning of cement,
sand and aggregate to obtain target compressive strength.
https://happho.com/calculate-quantities-cement-sand-aggregates-nominal-concrete-mix-124/ 1/28
20/05/2020 How to Calculate Quantities of Cement, Sand and Aggregate for Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)? - Happho
How to Calculate the Cement, Sand and Aggrega…

Aggrega…
Mix ratio of concrete defines the ratio of cement sand and aggregate by
volume in that order. So a mix ratio of 1:2:4 represents Cement: Sand:
Aggregate – 1:2:4 (by Volume)
Material Requirement For Producing 1 Cum Of Nominal Concrete

Mix
The following are the materials required to produce 1 Cum of Concrete of a

given Nominal Mix Proportion
Grade of Nominal Cement Sand (in Aggregate (in

Concrete Proportion (bag)/cum cft) cft)
M15 1:3:6 4.5 16.04 32.07
M20 1:2:4 6 14.98 29.96
M25 1:1.75:3.5 6.75 14.75 29.14
M30 1:1.5:3 7.5 14.06 28.11
Incase you want to convert the requirement of Sand and Aggregate in Cum;
1 Cum = 35.31 Cft
Eyeopener :Many popular blogs claim M20 nominal mix as 1:1.5:3 ,however we
strongly differ by same.Through this blog,we are also trying to address the
same myth which is being carried forward since last 4 decades.
The reason being: With constant research and development in the field of
cement technology and its manufacturing process ,a M20 mix of “1:1.5:3″(by
volume) would be too rich, over engineered and uneconomical (~7.5 bags of
cement per cum) and will ultimately result into a M30 concrete and above
(IS:456 too have the minimum cement/cementitious content of 06 bags for
M20). As the latest generation of 53 grade OPC cement is ultimately giving a
strength of 65 to 70 MPa at 28days, 1:2:4 will give a strength of M20.
A detail procedure to calculate the cement bags required for 1: 2 :4 mix (~6
bags of cement per cum) is shown below.
Method-1: DLBD Method To Determine Material Requirement For

Nominal Concrete Mix (M20 – 1:2:4)
The DLBD (Dry Loose Bulk Densities) method is an accurate method to

calculate cement, sand and aggregate for a given nominal mix concrete.
This gives accurate results as it takes into account the Dry Loose Bulk
Densities of materials like Sand and Aggregate which varies based on the
local source of the material
For calculation, We consider a nominal concrete mix proportion of 1:2:4

(~M20).
Read in Detail : How Cement, Sand and Aggregate Ratio influence Concrete
Properties?
Step-1: Calculate Volume Of Materials Required
Density of Cement = 1440 kg/cum (Approx)
Volume of 1 Kg of Cement = 1/1440 = 0.000694 cum
Volume of 01 bag (50 kg) of cement = 50 X 0.000694 = 0.035 cubic meter

(cum)
Since we know the ratio of cement to sand (1:2) and cement to aggregate
(1:4)
Volume of Sand required would be = 0.035*2 = 0.07 cubic meter (cum)
Volume of Aggregate required would be = 0.035*4 = 0.14 cubic meter (cum)
Step-2: Convert Volume Requirement To Weights
To convert Sand volume into weight we assume, we need the dry loose bulk
density (DLBD). This density for practical purposes has to be determined at
site for arriving at the exact quantities. We can also assume the following
dry loose bulk densities for calculation.
DLBD of Sand = 1600 kgs/cum
DLBD of Aggregate = 1450 Kgs/Cum
So, Sand required = 0.072*1600 = 115 kgs
and Aggregate required = 0.144*1450 = 209 kgs
Considering water/cement (W/C) ratio of 0.55
We can also arrive at the Water required = 50*0.55 = 27.5 kg
So, One bag of cement (50 Kgs) has to be mixed with 115 kgs of Sand, 209 Kgs
of aggregate and 27.5 kgs of water to produce M20 grade concrete.
Cement Sand Aggregate Water
1 bag (50kg) 115 Kgs 209 Kgs 27.5 Kgs
Step-3: Calculate Material Requirement For Producing 1 Cum Concrete
From the above calculation, we have already got the weights of individual
ingredients in concrete.
So, the weight of concrete produced with 1 Bag of cement (50 Kgs) =50 kg +
115 kg + 209 kg + 27.5 kg = 401.5 kg ~ 400 kgs
Considering concrete density = 2400 kg/cum,
One bag of cement and other ingredients can produce = 400/2400 = 0.167
Cum of concrete (1:2:4)
01 bag cement yield = 0.167 cum concrete with a proportion of 1:2:4
01 cum of concrete will require
Cement required = 1/0.167 = 5.98 Bags ~ 6 Bags
Sand required = 115/0.167 = 688 Kgs or 14.98 cft
Aggregate required = 209/0.167 = 1251 kgs or 29.96 cft
Method-2: Empirical Method To Determine Material

Requirement For Nominal Concrete Mix
Although empirical method is easy to use in determining the materials

requirement for Nominal Concrete mix, it sometimes doesn’t give accurate
results as it doesn’t take into factor the local variations in the materials.
Let’s design M20 grade concrete. Ratio for M20 concrete is 1 : 2 : 4
Step-1: Calculate The Volumes Of Material Required In 1 Cum Concrete
The dry volume of concrete mixture is always greater than the wet volume.
The ratio of dry volume to the wet volume of concrete is 1.54.
So 1.54 Cum of dry materials (cement, sand and aggregate) is required to

produce 1 Cum of concrete
Volume of Cement required = 1/(1+2+4) X 1.54 = 1/7 X 1.54 = 0.22 Cum
Volume of Sand required = 2/7 X 1.54 = 0.44 Cum or 15.53 cft
Volume of Aggregate required = 4/7 X 1.54 = 0.88 Cum or 31.05 cft
Note: 1 cubic meter = 35.29 cubic feet
Related Post: How To Estimate The Quantities And Cost Of Building Materials For House
Construction?
Step-2: Calculate The Weights Of Materials Required In 1 Cum Concrete
Density of Cement (loose) = 1440 kgs/cum
So weight of cement required = 1440 X 0.22 = 316.2 Kgs or 6.32 bags
Density of Sand = 1600 Kgs/cum
Weight of Sand required = 1600 X 0.44 = 704 kgs
Density of Aggregate = 1450 kgs/cum
Weight of aggregate required = 1450 X 0.88 = 1,276 Kgs
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81 Thoughts On “How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And

Aggregate For Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)?”
BUDDHA JYOTI GURUNG

FEBRUARY 20, 2017 AT 3:06 PM
Good ideas
WASIM
hi .. thanks for your inputs .. can you please tell me what will be design mix for
M25 .thank you
AVNEESH
Ur mix ratio is wrong because M20=1:1.5:3 n M10=1:3:4 & M15=1:2:4
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
Thanks for your comments.
We are trying to address the same myth which is being carried forward
since last 4 decades.
With constant research and development in the field of cement technology

and its manufacturing process ,a M20 mix of “1:1.5:3″(by volume) would be
too rich,over engineered and uneconomical (~7.5 bags of cement per cum)
and will ultimately result into a M30 concrete and above, the reason being
latest generation of 53 grade OPC cement is ultimately giving a strength of
65 to 70 MPa at 28days.
1: 2 :4 mix will result in M20 Concrete (~6 bags of cement per cum).
We are confident of above as per our practical and implemented

experiences in field.
We stand by our inputs on Nominal Concrete Mix Proportion.
Further comments are welcomed.
Note :Post questions/queries in our forum https://happho.com/questions/
KAGWA
Very insightful info.

ABHISHEK KUMAR RAI

MARCH 3, 2017 AT 7:45 PM
Please sir,
insure the density of aggregate & Sand because there are different density
at site.
RUBAN RAJ
MARCH 3, 2017 AT 8:39 PM
Pls M35 M45 calculation quantities for cement 53 grade
AZIZ
MARCH 3, 2017 AT 10:56 PM
Very helpful
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MARCH 4, 2017 AT 11:00 AM
Yes abhishek ,the dry loose bulk density play major role in concrete mix
proportion,in our blog post too we have proposed
“Method-1: DLBD method to determine material requirement for Nominal

Concrete Mix”,to highlight importance of same.
The proportion of sand to coarse aggregate can be readjusted among

each other ,to accommodate the DLBD properties of locally available
material,thus ensuring a cohesive concrete mix.
If we are able to form “ball” with arrived fresh concrete we can be sure, we
have the right concrete proportion.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MARCH 4, 2017 AT 4:56 PM
The nominal mix proportion by Volume for M25 would be 1:1.75:3.5
The approximate quantities are

Cement = 6.75 bags/cum of concrete
Sand = 14.57 cft/cum
Aggregate = 29.14 cft/cum
hope this helps.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MARCH 4, 2017 AT 5:18 PM
For higher grade M30 and above we recommended a detailed concrete mix
design
However as a guideline-
a.The nominal mix proportion by Volume for M35 would be 1:1.35:2.7

Cement = 8.25 bags/cum of concrete
b. The nominal mix proportion by Volume for M45 would be 1:1.35:2.7

Cement = 9 bags/cum of concrete
Hope it helps.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MARCH 6, 2017 AT 10:04 AM
thanks for you comments

HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MARCH 6, 2017 AT 10:05 AM
thanks for your comments

SARFRAZ ANSARI
MARCH 24, 2017 AT 8:52 PM
very useful informations… sir u r always welcome for such type of info.
BENADICT ROZARIO
JUNE 9, 2017 AT 8:49 AM
Thankyou sir
AKHILSH
JUNE 26, 2017 AT 1:11 PM
Thanks for useful note
KAMBLE NAGSEN
JUNE 29, 2017 AT 10:31 AM
Thanks very much
EDEMIGHA AUGUSTINE
JULY 27, 2017 AT 2:51 AM
no 1;2;4 is actually m20 not m15 most literature cannot differentiate this
EDEMIGHA AUGUSTINE
JULY 27, 2017 AT 3:10 AM
in my country one bag of cement is 50kg or 0.035cum and for measuring

aggregates and sand we use head pans(0.0175cum). for 1cum of concrete
the expected materials are cement 6.5bags sand; 0.44cum(26headpans)
aggregate;0 0.88(51headpahs).but on site we have to use more material to
achieve the expected volume instead of the estimated calculations we
arrive here.
can i have answers?
NARENDRA
JULY 28, 2017 AT 10:14 PM
for M25
how to calculate 1 cement bags headpans
ENGR.AKBAR ALI
JULY 30, 2017 AT 3:36 PM
Thank you sir, for your kind information
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 1, 2017 AT 11:54 AM
Empty the cement bag in headpans available with you ,you will get
numbers of headpans to empty a bag of cement.
Suppose 01 bag cement volume is equal to three headpans so a ratio of 1:2:4

(M20) in terms of headpans becomes
1*3:2*3:4*3 i.e. 3 headpans cement : 6 headpans sand : 12 headpans

aggregates/stone
hope we could address your query.
AKEM CHILAVERT
AUGUST 6, 2017 AT 8:12 AM
Thanks for being there for me
CINDY
AUGUST 8, 2017 AT 3:26 PM
it is helpful, a concrete mixer can makes mixing more easy, thank u for ur
sharing
VENKATESH
AUGUST 13, 2017 AT 5:07 PM
How to calculate cement quantity for 1:1:2 ratio
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 14, 2017 AT 12:08 PM
Use the blog content ,replace the ratio of sand (from 2 to 1 ) and aggregate
(from 4 to 2)
you will get the various quantities.
JAGDISH PATHAK
AUGUST 16, 2017 AT 4:15 PM
How to Calculate Mix Design in Various Grade of Concrete & Calculate its
Material
Detail Describe me.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 18, 2017 AT 11:39 AM
We have detailed the Concrete Mix Design Procedure (Step-by-Step) in one

of our Blogs. Please go through the Blog.
https://happho.com/concrete-mix-design-m30-grade-illustrative-
example-m20-m25-m30-m40-grade-concrete/
The mix design procedure will remain same upto M40 Grade Concrete.
For Higher grade strengths you can refer this blog

www.https://happho.com/mix-design-high-strength-concrete/
Pingback: How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And Aggregate For

Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)? - Engineering Feed
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 21, 2017 AT 10:22 AM
Thanks for Sharing
MG FAROUQUE
AUGUST 22, 2017 AT 11:13 PM
Iam realy great ful to him who has kept it ready
ABDUL AZIZ KHAN

AUGUST 24, 2017 AT 5:03 PM
In the step 3 of “How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And

Aggregate For Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)” you have calculated that:
Cement required = 1/0.167 = 5.98 Bags ~ 6 Bags
Sand required = 115/0.167 = 688 Kgs or 14.98 cft
Aggregate required = 209/0.167 = 1251 kgs or 29.96 cft
Could you please clear “How you have converted The Kgs (Kgs/m3) for Sand
& Aggregate in to cft”.
Thanks & Regds
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 25, 2017 AT 12:06 PM
You can use the bulk densities of sand and aggregate to convert kgs into
cft.
From the Data:

Bulk Density of Sand = 1600 Kg/cum
Bulk density of Aggregate = 1450 Kg/cum
To Convert Sand into volume (cum) = Sand required (in kgs)/(Bulk density) =
688/1600 = 0.43 Cum
Since 1 Cum = 35.2 Cft, So converting the above value from Cum to Cft, we
get 14.98 Cft.
Similarly we can calculate for Aggregate as well.
Hope this Helps
ABDUL AZIZ KHAN

AUGUST 25, 2017 AT 6:57 PM
Thanks a lot for the response,

In your claculations in step-3, I tried to put Units to indentify my confusion as
mentioned below.
One bag of cement and other ingredients can produce = 400/2400 = 0.167
Cum of concrete (1:2:4)
01 bag cement yield = 0.167 cum concrete with a proportion of 1:2:4
Cement required = 1(m3/bag)/0.167 (m3) = 5.98 Bags ~ 6 Bags —————–OK
Sand required = 115(Kgs)/0.167(m3) = 688 (Kgs/m3) or 14.98 cft
Aggregate required = 209(Kgs)/0.167(m3) = 1251 (kgs/m3) or 29.96 cft
As the units of Sand & Aggregate seem to be in Kgs/m3, therefore
multiplication with Bulk Density (Kgs/m3), the result will be unit less. Hence
conversion in to cft would not be possible.
Please comment
Thanks & Regds
ABDUL AZIZ KHAN

AUGUST 25, 2017 AT 7:21 PM
Correction:
Please read read “multiplication ” as “division”.
Sorry for inconvenience..
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 26, 2017 AT 6:41 PM
The sand requirement is in Kgs (for every cum of concrete) and not
Kgs/cum. While the density unit is Kgs/cum. So the resultant value i.e., when
weight/density will be in cum.
ABDUL AZIZ KHAN

AUGUST 26, 2017 AT 8:49 PM
It is now clear .Thanks very much for your attention.
PRIYANK BHANDARI
AUGUST 28, 2017 AT 7:41 PM
ा आपके concrete grade के लए दए गए ratio IS code के हसाब से होते ह?
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
AUGUST 29, 2017 AT 11:45 AM
yes ,it satisfies codal provisions.
AMIT PRATAP SINGH

AUGUST 29, 2017 AT 2:00 PM
For knowledge
ABDUL AZIZ KHAN

AUGUST 30, 2017 AT 8:04 PM
We are constructing First floor on existing house having Six Inches RCC slab.
We are intended to used marble on the floor. Could you please advise us
that what should be:
1- Thickness of cemented part of the floor.
2- Ratio of the concrete.
I am sure you will help us in this regard.
Thanks & Regds
D
SEPTEMBER 3, 2017 AT 2:50 PM
help me….
RCC quantity 1854 cft or 52.46 cum
M20
Cement? bags?
Sand? how many tractors / lorry loads required
Metal? how many tractors / lorry loads required
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
As we have already shown in the above calculation, For 1 Cum of M20 Grade
Cocnrete you require
Cement= 6 bags
Sand = 14.98 cft
Aggregate = 29.96 cft
So for 52.46 cum of concrete multiply these values by 52.46. So cement = 316
bags; Sand = 786 cft ; Aggregate = 1572 cft
FROILAN CABALLERO
If the ratio of cement, sand and crushed stone for making the concrete
needed for a sidewalk is 2:3:4, how many cubic meters of cement is needed
to make 4 cubic.meters of concrete. Please help me to solve this.
ENGR. ADEWALE
We have Portland cement in Nigeria the highest which is grade 42.5 ordinary
Portland cement is not available in bags. Kindly give the mix calculations for
cement grade 42.5 Portland cement for grade 20 and 25 concrete
FAROOQ BASHIR
SEPTEMBER 12, 2017 AT 10:28 AM
Good Working, Thanks
RAKESH UBALE
pl. give in table showing Grade of concrete, material ratio, materia

requirement ( cement, fine sand, 20mm metal, 15 mm metal, water
consumption) for M10,M15,M20, M25, M30
BAHRU AHMEDIN
thank you alot this info is basic….
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
We have given the materials requirement for M15, M20, M25 and M30 Grade
Concretes in the blog. Please refer. If you want 10 mm and 20 mm aggregate
mixed in the concrete, mix it in the ratio of 50:50 (of coarse aggregate
volume). PCC should be usually be done with M15, so we haven’t given the
ratio for M10.
CHETAN CHOUGULE
I want to know m35 &m 45 strength in peving block .

Can u send me ratio in kgs.
For 1 bag cement50 kgs, how many kg sand & aggregate ,water.
Thanks.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
The mix ratio should be calculated using Mix design. We recommend you to
consult a right engineer who have prepared mix design for paving blocks
BABAGANA MAKINTA
OCTOBER 25, 2017 AT 6:50 PM
Thank you sir
MADAN MOHAN REDDY

NOVEMBER 2, 2017 AT 12:45 PM
can you please tell me what will be design mix for M15 .thank you
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
NOVEMBER 3, 2017 AT 11:33 AM
It is already give in the table in the blog. Please refer.
GAURAV CHAUDHARI
NOVEMBER 5, 2017 AT 11:54 PM
Tell me how if i need to calculate quantities of aggregate size 10 mm and 20

mm for 1 bag of cement and also the quantity of admixture
HAMZA ALI
DECEMBER 3, 2017 AT 9:51 PM
Estimate the amount of materials and number of batches (maximum 50kg

mixing per batch) for:
1.12 cylinders + 12 cubes (6”x6”x6”)
2.Density can be assumed kg/m^3
3.5% wastage
4.Strength fc’ = 25Mpa
5.Agg. Size = 10mm
6.OPC
7.Slump 40mm
8.Non Air Entrained
9.Fineness Modulus (Fine) = 2.4
10.RoddedDensity (Coarse) = kg/m3
11.Sp. Gravity of Cement = 3.2
12.Sp. Gravity of Fine = 2.3
13.Sp. Gravity of Coarse = 5.3

14.Water Absorption (Fine) = 5.2%
15.Water Absorption (Coarse) = 0.3%
Data is according to ACI comittee report 2011
My question is what are the proportions of
Cement:Sand:Crush
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
refer and use this blog https://happho.com/concrete-mix-design-m30-

grade-illustrative-example-m20-m25-m30-m40-grade-concrete/
ABBEY
you are talking about 53R what about 43R
SAM
DECEMBER 8, 2017 AT 11:45 AM
Thanks, it helped me a lot…
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
As compressive strength are shot by about 20% in case of 43G cement ,add
20% extra cement in case you are using a 43 Grade cement.
RAVINDER RANA
What should be the ratio of cement ,sand and agreegate for making M 25
interlocking hydrullic press tile
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
JANUARY 4, 2018 AT 4:31 PM
Concrete for specific needs has to be properly designed to identify the ratio
of cement, sand and aggregate. The mix proportions shown in the table are
for general purpose use like concreting for houses, small scale concrete
jobs etc., Request you to get a proper mix design based on max aggregate
size, strength, durability and workability..
CONSTRUCTION MANAGER ONYO

i real like this page i real want to know how to calculate the all quantities of
roofing and roof structure
ABEL ONUCHE ANDREW

Simplified and helpful
OWOADE
JANUARY 31, 2018 AT 10:00 PM
Welldone.
My observation from your writeup,
Using Density of Cement = 1440 kg/cum (Approx)
Volume of 1 Kg of Cement = 1/1440 = 0.00694 cum
Volume of 01 bag (50 kg) of cement = 50 X 0.00694 = 0.035 cubic meter

(cum)
Since we know the ratio of cement to sand (1:2) and cement to aggregate
(1:4)
You’re still using the same density of cement for both sand and aggregate.
JAIBUL
Sir it wil be an honour if u explain the water cement ratio for m35 n m30 n
how to design mix at wat ratio should I mix..for pile foundation of 1200 dia..n if
sand is of 4th zone
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
Please refer our blog https://happho.com/concrete-mix-design-m30-

grade-flyash-part-replacement/
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
yes ,it has to be the way we have highlighted.
MILIND JADHAV
please provide information regarding water proofing and tiling
SWAPAN KUMAR DAS

It is very helpful
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
FEBRUARY 27, 2018 AT 10:37 AM
Here are view blog link ,for any specific blog content please search on our
blog page
https://happho.com/make-building-water-resistant/
https://happho.com/step-step-procedure-internal-waterproofing-works-
toilets-utility-areas-etc/
https://happho.com/apply-external-cement-plaster-properly/
https://happho.com/terrazzo-flooring-mosaic-flooring/
https://happho.com/which-material-used-bathroom-flooring/
https://happho.com/vinyl-flooring-suitability-advantages-disadvantages/
S.K.WALI
APRIL 28, 2018 AT 2:57 PM
In M20 concrete mix, what shall be proportion /percentage of 10mm &

20mm Rodi.
HAPPHO_ADMIN7
MAY 17, 2018 AT 10:21 AM
you may have 50% of each
VENKAT
AUGUST 28, 2018 AT 2:36 PM
How much use material m20 each cubic meter
HAPPHOADMIN7
SEPTEMBER 14, 2018 AT 5:18 AM
Please refer the table in the blog above for the material requirement for 1
cum of M20 Grade concrete
PANKAJ
MARCH 27, 2019 AT 12:57 PM
M 15 is 1.2.4 not 1.3.6
JOHN KOH
AUGUST 16, 2019 AT 4:46 AM
Dear Sir,
Thank you for your kind sharing.
Please advise on the nominal mix proportion by Volume for M40 = 1 : ??? : ???

Cement = ??? bags/cum of concrete
Sand = ??? cft/cum
Aggregate = ??? cft/cum
Your kind sharing is very much appreciated.
HAPPHOADMIN7
AUGUST 16, 2019 AT 11:35 AM
For Higher grade ( M30 and above) we recommend design concrete mix
please avoid nominal mix for M40
DIBYA RANJAN BARIK

AUGUST 26, 2019 AT 4:53 PM
Thankfully for your idea and I ask how much TMT and size preferable
COPRUSCHRISTI
AUGUST 27, 2019 AT 5:27 PM
hiiii buddy….. I really like your post and i appreciate your work regarding this
article.This article is so helpful for me and must say you did great work
EMMANUEL A T
MAY 16, 2020 AT 3:39 PM
Nice write up. Keep it up.
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20/05/2020 How to Calculate Quantities of Cement, Sand and Aggregate for Nominal Concrete Mix (1:2:4)?

Construction Cost Construction Packages Design Cost Pune

Construction Cost Construction Packages Design Cost

How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And

While following a mix design is advised to optimise the material

How to Calculate the Cement, Sand and Aggrega…

Material Requirement For Producing 1 Cum Of Nominal Concrete

The following are the materials required to produce 1 Cum of Concrete of a

Grade of Nominal Cement Sand (in Aggregate (in

M15 1:3:6 4.5 16.04 32.07

M20 1:2:4 6 14.98 29.96

M25 1:1.75:3.5 6.75 14.75 29.14

M30 1:1.5:3 7.5 14.06 28.11

Method-1: DLBD Method To Determine Material Requirement For

The DLBD (Dry Loose Bulk Densities) method is an accurate method to

For calculation, We consider a nominal concrete mix proportion of 1:2:4

Step-1: Calculate Volume Of Materials Required

Density of Cement = 1440 kg/cum (Approx)

Volume of 1 Kg of Cement = 1/1440 = 0.000694 cum

Volume of 01 bag (50 kg) of cement = 50 X 0.000694 = 0.035 cubic meter

Volume of Sand required would be = 0.035*2 = 0.07 cubic meter (cum)

Volume of Aggregate required would be = 0.035*4 = 0.14 cubic meter (cum)

Step-2: Convert Volume Requirement To Weights

DLBD of Sand = 1600 kgs/cum

DLBD of Aggregate = 1450 Kgs/Cum

So, Sand required = 0.072*1600 = 115 kgs

and Aggregate required = 0.144*1450 = 209 kgs

Considering water/cement (W/C) ratio of 0.55

We can also arrive at the Water required = 50*0.55 = 27.5 kg

Cement Sand Aggregate Water

1 bag (50kg) 115 Kgs 209 Kgs 27.5 Kgs

Step-3: Calculate Material Requirement For Producing 1 Cum Concrete

Considering concrete density = 2400 kg/cum,

01 bag cement yield = 0.167 cum concrete with a proportion of 1:2:4

01 cum of concrete will require

Cement required = 1/0.167 = 5.98 Bags ~ 6 Bags

Sand required = 115/0.167 = 688 Kgs or 14.98 cft

Aggregate required = 209/0.167 = 1251 kgs or 29.96 cft

Method-2: Empirical Method To Determine Material

Although empirical method is easy to use in determining the materials

Let’s design M20 grade concrete. Ratio for M20 concrete is 1 : 2 : 4

Step-1: Calculate The Volumes Of Material Required In 1 Cum Concrete

So 1.54 Cum of dry materials (cement, sand and aggregate) is required to

Volume of Cement required = 1/(1+2+4) X 1.54 = 1/7 X 1.54 = 0.22 Cum

Volume of Sand required = 2/7 X 1.54 = 0.44 Cum or 15.53 cft

Volume of Aggregate required = 4/7 X 1.54 = 0.88 Cum or 31.05 cft

Note: 1 cubic meter = 35.29 cubic feet

Step-2: Calculate The Weights Of Materials Required In 1 Cum Concrete

Density of Cement (loose) = 1440 kgs/cum

So weight of cement required = 1440 X 0.22 = 316.2 Kgs or 6.32 bags

Density of Sand = 1600 Kgs/cum

Weight of Sand required = 1600 X 0.44 = 704 kgs

Density of Aggregate = 1450 kgs/cum

Weight of aggregate required = 1450 X 0.88 = 1,276 Kgs

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81 Thoughts On “How To Calculate Quantities Of Cement, Sand And

BUDDHA JYOTI GURUNG

Ur mix ratio is wrong because M20=1:1.5:3 n M10=1:3:4 & M15=1:2:4

Thanks for your comments.

With constant research and development in the field of cement technology

We are confident of above as per our practical and implemented

13:23:4*3 i.e. 3 headpans cement : 6 headpans sand : 12 headpans