Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.

online

CHAPTER 6
Triangles

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

QB = 4 # 4.5 = 3 cm
1. In TABC, DE | | BC, find the value of x . 6

Thus QB = 3 cm

3. In TABC, if X and Y are points on AB and AC

respectively such that AX XB = 4 , AY = 5 and YC = 9,
3

then state whether XY and BC parallel or not.

Ans : [Term-1, 2016, MV98HN3], [Term-1, 2015, CJTOQ]
As per question we have drawn figure given below.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-O4YP6G7]

In the given figure DE || BC , thus

AD = AE
DB EC
x = x+3
x+1 x+5

x2 + 5x = x2 + 4x + 3
x =3
In this figure we have
2. In the given figure, if +A = 90º, +B = 90º, AX = 3 , AY = 5,YC = 9
OB = 4.5 cm, OA = 6 cm and AP = 4cm, then find XB 4
QB.
AX = 3 and AY = 5
XB 4 YC 9

Since AX =
Y AY
XB YC
Hence XY is not parallel to BC.
For more files visit www.cbse.online

4. In the figure, PQ is parallel to MN. If KP = 4 and

PM 13
KN = 20.4cm, then find KQ.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, DDEE]

In TPAO and TQBO we have

+A = +B = 90º
Vertically opposite angle,
+POA = +QOB
Thus TPAO ~TQBO
OA = PA
OB QB Ans :

6 = 4 In the given figure PQ || MN , thus

4.5 QB
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 104
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
KP = KQ (By BPT)
7. Are two triangles with equal corresponding sides
PM QN always similar?
KP = KQ Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
PM KN - KQ Yes, Two triangles having equal corresponding sides
KQ are are congruent and all congruent Ts have equal
4 =
13 20.4 - KQ angles, hence they are similar too.

4 # 20.4 - 4KQ = 13KQ 8. If ratio of corresponding sides of two similar triangles

is 5 : 6, then find ratio of their areas.
17KQ = 4 # 20.4
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-WJQZQBN]
KQ = 20.4 # 4 = 4.8 cm Let the triangles be TABC and TDEF
17
5. In given figure DE | | BC. If AD = 3c, DB = 4cm and ar ^TABC h
= b 5 l = 25
2

AE = 6cm, then find EC. ar ^TDEF h 6 36

25 : 36

9. In the given figure, ST | | RQ, PS = 3 cm and

SR = 4cm . Find the ratio of the area of TPST to the
area of TPRQ.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-ORDAWEZ]

In the given figure DE || BC , thus

AD = AE
AB EC
3 = 6 Ans : [Sample Question paper 2017]
4 EC
We have PS = 3 cm, SR = 4 cm, and ST | | RQ.
EC = 8 cm
Now PR = PS + SR
6. If triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF such that = 3 + 4 = 7cm
2AB = DE and BC = 8cm, then find EF.
arTPST = PS2 = 32 = 9
Ans : arTPQR PR2 72 49
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
Hence required ratio is 9 : 49
below.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS - I

1. In the figure of TABC, the points D and E are on
the sides CA, CB respectively such that DE | | AB,
AD = 2x, DC = x + 3, BE = 2x - 1 and CE = x. Then,
find x.

Here we have 2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm

Since TABC ~TDEF , we have
AB = DE
BC EF
AB = 2AB
8 EF
OR
EF = 2 # 8 = 16 cm
In the figure of TABC, DE | | AB. DE | | AB. If
Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 105
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
AD = 2x, DC = x + 3, BE = 2x - 1 and CE = x, then 3 3
2
^3 3 h = h2 + c 2 m
2
find the value of x. Now

27 = h2 + 27
4

h2 = 27 - 27 = 81
4 4

h = 9 = 4.5 cm
2
3. In the given figure, TABC ~TPQR. Find the value
of y + z.

Ans : , [Term-1, 2016, GRKEGO], [Term-1, 2015, DDE-M]

We have CD = CE
AD BE
x+3 = x
2x 2x - 1
5x = 3 or, x = 3
5
Alternative Method :
Ans : [Board Term-1, Set-CJTOQ]
In ABC, DE || AB , thus
CD = CE In the given figure TABC ~TPQR
CA CB AB = BC = AC
Thus
PQ QR PR
CD = CE
CD + AD CE + BE z =8=4 3
3 6 y
x+3 = x
x + 3 + 2x 2 + 2x - 1 z = 8 and 8 = 4 3
x+3 = x 3 6 6 y
3x + 3 3x - 1
z = 8 # 3 and y = 4 3 # 6
6 8
^x + 3h^3x - 1h = x ^3x + 3h
3x2 - x + 9x - 3 = 3x2 + 3x z = 4 and y = 3 3
8x - 3 = 3x Thus y+z = 3 3 +4
8x - 3x = 3 Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
5x = 3
4. In an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm, find the length
x =3 of the altitude.
5
2. In an equilateral triangle of side 3 3 cm find the Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-E]
length of the altitude. Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm and
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-MV98HN3] AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular bisector
of side BC. This is shown in figure given below.
Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 3 3
cm and AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular
bisector of side BC. This is shown in figure given
below.

Now BD = BC = 24 = 12 cm
2 2

AB = 24 cm

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 106
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in

a2 = a a k + h2
2 2
AD = AB - BD In TABD,
2
2
= ^24h - ^12h
2 2
2 2
= 576 - 144 h2 = a2 - a = 3a
4 4
= 432 = 12 3
Thus h = 3a
Thus AD = 12 3 cm 2
` The length of the altitude is 12 3 cm.
7. Let TABC ~TDEF. if ar ^TABC h = 100 cm2,
5. In TABC, AD = BC, such that AD2 = BD # CD. ar ^DEF h = 196 cm2 and DE = 7, then find AB.
Prove that TABC is right angled at A.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-M]
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
We have TABC ~TDEF , thus
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. ar ^TABC h 2
= AB2
are ^TDEF h DE
100 = AB2
196 ^7 h2
100 = AB2
196 49

AB2 = 49 # 100
196

AB2 = 25
We have AD2 = BD # CD AB = 5 cm
AD = BD 8. In the given figure, DE | | BC. If AD = 1.5 cm
CD AD ar ^TADE h
BD = 2AD, then find
Since +D = 90º , by SAS we have ar ^trapezium BCED h
TADC ~TBDA
and +BAD = +ACD;
Since corresponding angles of similar triangles are
equal
+DAC = +DBA
+BAD + +ACD + +DAC + +DBA = 180º
2+BAD + 2+DAC = 180º
+BAD + +DAC = 90º
+A = 90º
Thus TABC is right angled at A. Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, set FFC]
For more files visit www.cbse.online
We have AD = 1.5 cm, BD = 3
6. Find the altitude of an equilateral triangle when each and AB = AD + BD = 1.5 + 3.0 = 4.5cm cm
of its side is 'a' cm. In triangle ADE and ABC, +A is common and
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-O4YP6G7] DE | | BC
Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side a and Thus +ADE = +ABC
AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular bisector +AED = +ACB
of side BC. This is shown in figure given below.
(corresponding angles)
By AA similarity we have
TADE ~TABC
ar ^TADE h 2 ^1.5h2 1
Now = AD2 = =
ar ^TABC h AB ^4.5h2 9
ar ^TADE h
= 1
ar ^TABC h - ar ^TADE h 9-1
ar ^TADE h
=1
ar ^trapezium BCED h 8

9. In the given triangle PQR, +QPR = 90º, PQ = 24 cm

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 107
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
and QR = 26 cm and in TPKR, +PKR = 90º and 11. Given TABC ~TDEF , find TABC
KR = 8 cm, find PK. TDEF

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-21]

In the given triangle we have
+QPR = 90º
Thus QR2 = QP2 + PR2 Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-ORDAWEZ]
2 2
PR = 26 - 24 In TDEF, we have
= 100 = 10 cm DE = ^13h2 - ^12h2
Now +PKR = 90º
= 169 - 144 = 25 = 5
Thus PK = 102 - 82 = 100 - 64
2
arTABC = AB = 3 = 9 2
= 36 = 6 cm Thus
arTDEF b DE l b 5 l 25
Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs For more files visit www.cbse.online

10. The sides AB and AC and the perimeter P1 of TABC 12. In the given figure, G is the mid-point of the side PQ
are respectively three times the corresponding sides of TPQR and GH | | QR. Prove that H is the mid-
DE and DF and the parameter P2 of TDEF. Are the point of the side PR or the triangle PQR.
ar ^TABC h
two triangles similar? If yes, find
ar ^TDEF h
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, SEt-39]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-43]

Since G is the mid-point of PQ we have
PG = GQ
In TABC and TDEF ,
PG = 1
AB = 3DE GQ
and AC = 3DF
According to the question, GH | | QR , thus
AB = 3 ; AC = 3;
DE DF PG = PH (By BPT)
GQ HR
Since P1 = 3P2 , BC = 3EF
AB = AC = BC = 3 1 = PH
Thus HR
DE DF EF
PH = HR. Hence proved.
By SSS criterion we have
Hence, H is the mid-point of PR .
TABC ~TDEF
ar ^TABC h 2 13. In the given figure, in a triangle PQR, ST || QR and
= b AB l = ^3 h2 = 9
ar ^TDEF h DE

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 108
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
PS
SQ = 3
5 and PR = 28 cm, find PT. AB | | CD | | EF, then prove that AE
ED = BF
FC

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-25]

We draw, AC intersecting EF at G as shown below.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-64; Set-I 2011]

We have PS = 3
SQ 5
PS = 3
PS + SQ 3+5
PS = 3
PQ 8
According to the question, ST | | QR , thus
PS = PT (By BPT) In TCAB,GF | | AB , thus by BPT we have
PQ PR
AG = BF ...(1)
CG FC
PT = PS # PR
PQ
In TADC, EG | | DC , thus by BPT we have
= 3 # 28 = 10.5 cm AE = AG ...(2)
8 ED CG
14. In the given figure, +A = +B and AD = BE. Show
that DE | | AB. From equations (1) and (2),
AE = BF . Hence Proved.
ED FC
16. In a rectangle ABCD, E is a point on AB such that
AE = 2 AB. If AB = 6 km and AD = 3 km, then find
3
DE.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-LGRKEGO]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, set-63]

In TCAB, we have
+A +B (1)
By isoscales triangle property we have
AC = CB
But, we have been given
We have AE = 2 AB = 2 # 6 = 4 km
AD = BE (2) 3 3
Dividing equation (2) by (1) we get, In right triangle ADE,
CD = CE DE2 = ^3 h2 + ^4 h2 = 25
AD BE
Thus DE = 5 km
By converse of BPT,
17. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB | | CD and its
DE | | AB. Hence Proved diagonals intersect each other at the point O. Show
15. In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which that AO = CO .
BO DO
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-66]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 109
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
below. = 180º - ^60º + 70ºh = 50°
Thus +X = 50º

19. In the given figure, PQR is a triangle right angled

at Q and XY | | QR. If PQ = 6 cm, PY = 4 cm and
PX: XQ = 1: 2. Calculate the length of PR and QR.

In TAOB and TCOD, AB || CD ,

Thus +OAB = +DCO
and +OBA = +ODC (Alternate angles)
By AA similarity we have
TAOB ~TCOD
For corresponding sides of similar triangles we have
AO = BO Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-44]
CO DO
Since XY || OR , by BPT we have
AO = CO . Hence Proved PX = PY
BO DO XQ YR
18. In the given figures, find the measure of +X.
1 = PY
2 PR - PY

= 4
PR - 4

PR - 4 = 8
PR = 12 cm
In right TPQR we have
QR2 = PR2 - PQ2
= 122 - 62
= 144 - 36 = 108
Thus QR = 6 3 cm

20. ABC is a right triangle right angled at C. Let BC = a,

CA = b, AB = c and p be the length of perpendicular
from C to AB. Prove that cp = ab .

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-38]

From given figures,
PQ
= 4. 2 = 1 ,
ZY 8.4 2

PR = 3 3 = 1
ZX 6 3 2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-65]
QR
and = 7 =1 In the given figure CD = AB, and
YX 14 2
QP QR CD = p
Thus = PR =
ZY ZX YX Area TABC = 1 # base # height
2
By SSS criterion we have
TPQR ~TZYX = 1 # AB # CD = 1 cp
2 2
Thus +X = +R

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 110
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in

Also,Area of TABC = 1 # BC # AC = 1 ab lem?

2 2 Ans :
Thus 1 cp = 1 ab (1) Let the initial position of the man be at O and
2 2 his final position be B. Since the man goes to 10
cp = ab Proved m due east and then 24 m due north. Therefore,
TAOB is a right triangle right angled at A such
21. In an equilateral triangle ABC, AD is drawn that OA = 10 m and AB = 24 m. We have shown
perpendicular to BC meeting BC in D. Prove that this condition in figure below.
AD2 = 3BD2 .
Ans : [Board Terom-1, 2012, Set-40]
In TABD, from Pythagoras theorem,

By Pythagoras theorem,
OB2 = OA2 + AB2
= ^10h2 + ^24h2
= 100 + 576 = 676
2 2 2
AB = AD + BD or, OB = 676 = 26 m
Since AB = BC = CA , we get Hence, the man is at a distance of 26 m from the
BC2 = AD2 + BD2, starting point.
(2) Pythagoras Theorem
Since = is the median in an equilateral T, BC = 2BD
For more files visit www.cbse.online
^2BD h2 = AD + BD
2 2

4BD2 - BD2 = AD2 24. In the given figure, OA # OB = OC # OD, show that
+A = +C and +B = +D.
3BD2 = AD2

22. In the figure, PQRS is a trapezium in which

PQ | | RS. On PQ and RS, there are points E and F
respectively such that EF intersects SQ at G . Prove
that EQ # GS = GQ # FS.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-71]

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-O4YP6G7]
In TGEQ and TGFS We have OA # OB = OC # OD
OA = OB
+EGQ = +FGS (vert. opp. angles) OD OC
+EQG = +FSG (alt. angles)
+AOD = +COB
Thus by AA similarity we have
(Vertically opposite angles)
TGEQ ~GFS
Thus by SAS similarity we have
EQ GQ
= TAOD ~TCOB
FS GS
Thus +A = +C and +B = +D. because of
EQ # GS = GQ # FS corresponding angles of similar triangles.
23. A man steadily goes 10 m due east and then 24 m
due north.
(1) Find the distance from the starting point.
(2) Which mathematical concept is used in this prob-

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 111
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
25. In the given figure, if AB | | DC, find the value of x. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS - II
1. If TABC~TPQR and AD and PS are bisectors
of corresponding angles A and P, then prove that
ar ^TABC h AD2
= .
ar ^TPQRh PS2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-MV98HN3]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-35]

We know that diagonals of a trapezium divide each
other proportionally. Therefore
OA = BO
OC OD
x+5 = x-1
x+3 x-2 Since TABC ~TPQR we have
+A = +P, +B = +Q, +C = +R
^x + 5h^x - 2h = ^x - 1h^x + 3h
ar ^TABC h 2
x + 2x + 85x - 10 = x2 + 3x - x - 3 = AB2
2
...(1)
ar ^TPQRh PQ
3x - 2x = 10 - 3
x =7 Now +A = +P
1 +A = 1 +P
Thus x = 7 . 2 2
26. In the given figure, CB | | QR and CA | | PR. If AQ = 12 +BAD = +QPS
cm, AR = 20 cm, PB = CQ = 15 cm, calculate PC
and BR. By AA similarity we have
TBAD ~TQPS
BA = AD ...(2)
QP PS
By equation (1) and (2), we get
ar ^TABC h 2
= AD2 Hence proved
ar ^TPQRh PS

2. In given figure, D is a point on AC such that

AD = 2CD, also DE | | AB.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-55]

In TPQR, CA || PR
By BPT similarity we have
PC = RA
CQ AQ
PC = 20
15 12
Find : arTACB
arTDCE
PC = 15 # 20 = 25 cm Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
12
In given figure we have
In TPQR, CB || QR
AD = 2CD
Thus PC = PR
CQ BR In TCDE and TCAB
25 = 15 +C = +C (Common)
15 BR +CDE = +CAB

BR = 15 # 15 = 9 cm (Corresponding angles)
25
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 112
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
By AA similarity rule we get ar ^TCOD h 2
= CD 2
TCDE ~TCAB ar ^TAOB h AB
ar ^TDCE h 2 2
= CD 2 = CD 2 = 1
2
Now, = CD2 = CD2
ar ^TACB h CA ^AD + DC h
2
^3CD h 9CD 9

CD2 CD2 = 1 ratio = 1: 9

= 2 =
^2 DC + DC h ^ CD h
3 9
2

5. TABC is right angled at C. If p is the length of the

3. Prove that area of the equilateral triangle described
perpendicular from C to AB and a, b, c are the lengths
on the side of a square is half of this area of the
of the sides opposite +A, +B and +C respectively,
equilateral triangle described on its diagonal.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, WJQZQBN] then prove that 12 = 12 + 12 .
p a b
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-O4YP6G7]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Equilateral triangle are equiangular also and they are

similar by AAA similarity criterion.
In TACB and TCDB
Thus TBCE ~TACF
Here TABC is a right triangle. +ABC = +CDB = 90º
By Pythagoras theorem, +B = +B (common)
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 Because of AA similarity we have
Here AB = BC because of sides of a square, TABC ~TCDB
2
AC = 2BC 2
Now b =c
p a
AC = 2 BC
1 = c
arTACF = AC2 = ^ 2 BC h = 2
2

Now, p ab
arTBCE DC2 BC2
1 = c2
ar ^TACF h = 2ar ^TBEC h p2 a2 b2
ar ^TBEC h = 1 ar ^TACF h Hence Proved. 1 = a2 + b2
2
p2 a2 b2
4. In a trapezium ABCD , diagonals AC and BD
intersect at O. I AB = 3DC, then find ratio of areas of 1 = 1 +1 Hence Proved
triangles COD and AOB. p2 a2 b2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD] 6. In TABC, DE | | BC. If AD = x + 2, DB = 3x + 16,
AE = x and EC = 3x + 5, them find x.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-E]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

because of AA similarity we have

TAOB ~TCOD

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 113
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
In the give figure
DE || BC
By BPT we have
AD = AE
DB EC
x+2 = x
3x + 16 x3 + 5

^x + 2h^3x + 5h = x ^3x + 16h

3x + 5x + 6x + 10 = 3x2 + 16x
2

11x + 10 = 16x Distance covered by first aeroplane due North after

11x + 10 = 10 two hours = 500 # 2 = 1, 000 km.
5x = 10 Distance covered by second aeroplane due East after
two hours = 650 # 2 = 1, 300 km.
x =2 Distance between two aeroplane after 2 hours
7. If in TABC, AD is median and AE = BC, then prove NE = ON2 + OE2
that AB2 + AC2 = 2AD2 + 1 BC2 . = ^1000h2 + ^1300h2
2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DEE-E] = 1000000 + 1690000
As per given condition we have drawn the figure = 2690000
below.
= 1640.12 km

9. ABC is a triangle, PQ is the line segment intersecting

AB in P and AC in Q such that PQ | | BC and divides
TABC into two parts, equal in area, find BP: AB,
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, LK-59]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

In TABE, using Pythagoras theorem we have

AB2 = AE2 + BE2
= AD2 - DE2 + ^BD - DE h2
= AD2 - DE2 + BD2 + DE2 - 2BD # DE
= AD2 + BD2 - 2BD # DE ...(1)
In TAEC,
AC2 = AE2 + EC2
= (AD2 - ED2) + ^ED + DC h2 Here, Since PQ | | BC and PQ divides TABC into
2 2 2 2 two equal parts, thus TAPQ~TABC
= AD - ED + ED + DC + 2ED # DC
ar ^TAPQ h 2
= AD2 + CD2 + 2ED # CD Now = AP 2
ar ^TABC h AB
= AD2 + DC2 + 2DC # DE ...(2)
1 = AP2
Adding equation (1) and (2) we have 2 AB2
AB2 + AC2 = 2 ^AD2 + BD2h (BD = DC )
1 = AP
= ;2AD2 + 2 b 1 BC l E
2
( BD = 12 BC ) 2 AB
2
1 = AB - BP
^AB = AP + BP h
= 2AD + 1 BC2
2
Hence Proves 2 AB
2
1 = 1 - BP
8. From an airport, two aeroplanes start at the same
2 AB
time. If speed of first aeroplane due North is 500 km/h
and that of other due East is 650 km/h then find the BP = 1 - 1 = 2 -1
distance between the two aeroplanes after 2 hours. AB 2 2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-E]
BP : AB = ^ 2 - 1h : 2
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. 10. In the given figure, ABC is a right angled triangle,
+B = 90º. D is the mid-point of BC. Show that
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 114
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
2 2 2
AC = AD + 3CD . EO || DC (Converse of BPT)
EO || AB (Construction)
AB || DC
Thus in quadrilateral ABCD we have
AB = DC
Thus ABCD is a trapezium. Hence Proved

12. In the given figure, P and Q are the points on the

sides AB and AC respectively of TABC, such that
AP = 3.5 cm, PB = 7 cm, AQ = 3 cm and QC = 6 cm.
If PQ = 4.5 cm, find BC.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-ORDAWEZ 2011, Set-60]

We have BD = CD = BC
2

BC = 2BD
Using Pythagoras theorem in the right TABC, we
have
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
= AB2 + 4BD2
= ^AB2 + BD2h + 3BD2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-40]
AC2 = AD2 + 3CD2
For more files visit www.cbse.online We have AP = 3.5 = 1
AB 10.5 3
11. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral divide each other AQ
proportionally, prove that it is a trapezium. =3=1
AC 9 3
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-39]
In TABC, AP = AQ and +A is common.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure AB AC
below.
Thus due to SAS we have
TAPQ ~TABC
AP = PQ
AB BC
1 = 4.5
3 BC
BC = 13.5 cm.

13. In given figure TABC~TDEF. AP bisects +CAB

and DQ bisects +FDE.
We have drawn EO | | AB on DA.
In quadrilateral ABCD,
AO = CO (Given)
BO DO

or, AO = BO ...(1)
CO DO
In TABD, EO || AB
By BPT we have
AE = BO ...(2)
ED DO Prove that :
(1) AP = AB
From equation (1) and (2), we get DQ DE
AE = AO (2) TCAP~TFDQ.
ED CO Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-LGRKEGO]

In TADC, AE = AO As per given condition we have redrawn the figure

ED CO below.

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 115
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
Hence +1 = +3
In TABC and TBDE,
+1 = +3 (Proved)
+ACB = +DEB = 90º (Given)
TABC ~TBDE (By AA Similarity)
Thus AC = BE . Hence Proved
BC DE
15. In the given figure, TABC and TABC and TDBC
(1) Since TABC~TDEF are on the same base BC. AD and BC intersect at O.
ar ^TABC h
+A = +D (Corresponding angles) Prove that = AO .
ar ^TDBC h DO
2+1 = 2+2
Also +B = +E (Corresponding angles)
AP = AB Hence Proved
DQ DE

(2) Since TABC ~TDEF

+A = +D
and +C = +F
2+3 = 2+4
+3 = +4 Ans : [Term-1, 2011, Set-40], [Term-1, 2016, ORDAWEZ]
By AA similarity we have As per given condition we have redrawn the figure
below. Here we have drawn AE = BC and DF = BC.
TCAP ~TFDQ

14. In the given

figure, DB = BC, DE = AB and
AC = BC. Prove that BE = AC .
DE BC

In TAOE and TDOF,

+AOE = +DOF
(Vertically opposite angles)
+AEO = +DFO = 90º (Construction)
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-40] or, TAOE ~TDOF (By AA similarity)
As per given condition we have redrawn the figure Thus AO = AE ...(1)
DO DF
below.
ar ^TABC h 1
# BC # AE
Now, = 2
ar ^TDBC h 1
2 # BC # DF

= AE = AO From equation (1)

DF DO
16. In the given figure, two triangles ABC and DBC
lie on the same side of BC such that PQ | | BA and
PR | | BD. Prove that QR | | AD.

We have DB = BC, DE = AB and AC = BC.

In TABC,
+1 + +2 = 90º [+C = 90º ]
But we have been given
+2 + +3 = 90º

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 116
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
Ans : [Boar term-1, 2011, Set-21]

In TABC, we have PQ | | AB and PR | | BD

BP = AQ (by BPT) ...(1)
PC QC
Again in TBCD, we have
PR || BD
BP = DR (by BPT) ...(2)
PC RC
AQ
= DR
QC RC Since +P common and PA = PB , therefore
AQ BR
PR || AD (By converse of BPT) We have, TPQR~TPAB
Hence proved area ^TPQRh PQ2
=
For more files visit www.cbse.online area ^TPAB h PA2

17. The perpendicular AD on the base BC of a TABC 32 ^4k h 2

16k2
= 2 =
intersects BC at D so that DB = 3CD. Prove that are ^TPAB h ^3k h 9k2
2 (AB) 2 = 2 (AC) 2 + BC2 . areaTPAB = 18 cm2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-44, 60, 2012, 2016 Set-39,
Thus area of quadrilateral AQRB ,
Set-NH3]
= area of TPQR - area of TPAB
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. = 32 - 18
= 14 cm2

19. In the given figure, PS

SQ= TR
PT
and +PST = +PRQ.
Prove that PQR is an isosceles triangle.

In TADB, we have
AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(1)
(Pythagoras Theorem)
In TADC, AC = AD + CD2
2 2
...(2) Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-74]
(Pythagoras theorem) PS = PT
We have
Subtracting eqn. (2) from eqn. (1), we get SQ TR
AB2 - AC2 = BD2 - CD2 and +PST = +PRQ
= b 3 BC l - b 1 BC l
2 2
By converse of BPT,
4 4
ST || QR
2
= 9 BC2 - 1 BC2 = BC +PST = +PQR
16 16 2
(Corresponding angles)
2 ^AB2 - AC2h = BC2
and +PST = +PRQ
2 ^AB h2 = 2AC2 + BC2 . Hence Proved
Thus +PQR = +PRQ
For more files visit www.cbse.online
So, TPQR is an isosceles triangle. Hence Proved
18. In the given figure, = BR
BR = 3 . If the area of TPQR
PA
AQ
2
is 32 cm , then find the area of the quadrilateral 20. Prove that the sum of squares on the sides of a
AQRB. rhombus is equal to sum of squares of its diagonals.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-44] Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-21]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure Let, ABCD is a rhombus and since diagonals of a
below. rhombus bisect each other at 90º.

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 117
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
22. In a TABC, let P and Q be points on AB and
AC respectively such that PQ | | BC. Prove that the
median AD bisects PQ.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-70]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Now AO = OC & AO2 = OC2

BO = OD & BO2 = OD2
and +AOB = 90º
AB2 = OA2 + BO2
Similarly, AD2 = x2 + y2 = BC2 = CD2 The median AD intersects PQ at E.
AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + DA2 = 4AO2 + 4DO2 We have, PQ || BE
= ^2AO h2 + ^2DO h2 or, +ApE = +B and +AQE = +C
= ^2x h2 + ^2y h2 (Corresponding angles)
Thus in TAPE and TABD we have
AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + AD2 = AC2 + BD2
+APE = +ABD
Hence Proved
+PAE = +BAD
21. In the given figure, BL and CM are medians of TABC, Thus TAPE ~TABD
fight angled at A. Prove that 4 ^BL2 + CM2h = 5BC2 .
PE = AE ...(1)
BD AD
Similarly, TAQE ~TACD
QE
or, = AE ...(2)
CD AD
From eqns. (1) and (2),
PE = QE
BD CD
As CD = BD , we get
PE = QE
BD BD
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-74] or, PE = QE

We have a right angled triangle TABC at A where Hence, AD bisects PQ.

BL and CM are medians. Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
In TABL, BL2 = AB2 + AL2
23. In the given figure A, B and C are points on OP, OQ
2
= AB + b AC l (BL is median)
2 and OR respectively such that AB | | PQ and AC | | PR.
2 Prove that BC | | QR.
In TACM, CM2 = AC2 + AM2
2
= AC2 + b AB l (CM is median)
2

Now
2 2
BL2 + CM2 = AB2 + AC2 + AC + AB
4 4

4 ^BL2 + CM2h = 5AB2 + 5AC2

= 5 ^AB2 + AC2h
= 5BC2 . Hence Proved

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 118
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-66] In TABE, DF || AE, (Given)
In TPOQ, AB || PQ By BPT BD = BF ...(2)
DA FE
By BPT AO = OB ...(1)
AP BQ From (1) and (2), we have
In TOPR, AC || PR, BF = BE . Hence proved
FE EC
By BPT OA = OC (2)
AP CR 26. In the given figure, BC | | PQ and BC = 8cm,
PQ = 4cm, BA = 6.5 cm, AP = 2.8cm. Find CA and
From equations (1) and (2), we have AQ.
OB = OC
BQ CR
(By converse of BPT)
BC || QR Hence Proved

24. In the given figure, find the value of x in terms of a, b

and c.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-66]

In TABC and TAPQ, AB = 6.5 cm, BC = 8 cm,

PQ = 4 cm and AP = 2.8 cm
BC || PQ (Given)
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-52]
Due to alternate angles
In triangles LMK and PNK,
+CBA = +AQP
+M = +N = 50º (Given)
Due to vertically opposite angles,
+K = +K (Common)
+BAC = +PAQ
Due to AA similarity,
Due to AA similarity
TLMK ~TPNK
TABC ~TAQP
LM = KM
PN KN AB = BC = AC
AQ QP AP
a =b+c
x c 6.5 = 8 = AC
AQ 4 AP
x = ac
b+c AQ = 6.5 = 3.25 cm
2
25. In the given figure, DE | | AC and DF | | AE. Prove AC = 2 # 2.5 = 5.6 cm
that BE = BE .
FE EC 27. In the given figure, if AD = BC, prove that
AB2 + CD2 = BD2 + AC2 .

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012 Set-66]

In TABC, DE || AC, (Given)

BD = BE In right angled TADC,
By BPT ...(1)
DA EC AC2 = AD2 + CD2 ...(1)

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 119
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
In right TADB, Due to AA similarity
2 2 2
AB = AD + BD ...(2) TABD ~TECF Hence proved
Subtracting eqn. (1) from eqn. (2)
AB2 - AC2 = BD2 - CD2 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
AB2 + CD2 = AC2 + BD2 . Hence proved.
1. TPQR is right angled at Q . Q.QX = PR, XY = RQ
28. In the given figure, CD | | LA and DE | | AC. Find the and XZ = PQ are drawn. Prove that XZ2 = PZ # ZQ.
length of CL, if BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-39

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-MV98HN3]
In TABC, , DE || AC, BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm
BD = BE We have redrawn the given figure as below.
By BPT ...(1)
DA EC
In TABL, DC || AL
By BPT BD = BC ...(2)
DA CL
From equations (1) and (2),
BE = BC
EC CL
4 = 6
2 CL
CL = 3 cm
For more files visit www.cbse.online It may be easily seen that RQ = PQ
29. In the given figure, AB = AC. E is a point on CB and XZ = PQ or XZ || YQ
produced. If AD is perpendicular to BC and EF Similarly XY || ZQ
perpendicular to AC. Prove that TABD is similar
Thus XYQZ is a rectangle.
to TCEF.
In TXZQ, +1 + +2 = 90º ...(1)
and in TPZX, +3 + +4 = 90º ...(2)
XQ = PR or, +2 + +3 = 90º ...(3)
From eq. (1) and (3), +1 = +3
From eq. (2) and (3), +2 = +4
Due to AA similarity
TPZX ~TXZQ
PZ = XZ
XZ ZQ
XZ2 = PZ # ZQ Hence proved

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-60] 2. In TABC, the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB
are D , E and F respectively. Find ratio of ar (TDEF)
In TABD and TCEF, we have to ar ^TABC.h
AB = AC Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-M]
Thus +ABC = +ACB As per given condition we have drawn the figure below.
+ABD = +ECF Here F, E and D are the mid-points of AB, AC and
BC respectively.
+ADB = +EFC (each 90º)

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 120
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in

DE = 7.6 # 8.4 = 5.6 cm

11.4

4. In the figure, +BED = +BDE and E is the mid-

point of BC . Prove that AF = AD .
CF BE

Hence, FE | | BC, DE | | AB and DF | | AC

By mid-point theorem,
If DE || BA then DE || BF
and if FE || BC then FE || BD
Therefore FEDB is a parallelogram in which DF is
diagonal and a diagonal of Parallelogram divides it
into two equal Areas.
Hence ar ^TBDF h = ar ^TDEF h ...(1)
Similarly ar ^TCDE h = ar ^TDEF h ...(2)
Ans :
^TAFE h = ar ^TDEF h ...(3)
We have redrawn the given figure as below. Here
^TDEF h = ar ^TDEF h ...(4) CG | | FD .
Adding equation (1), (2), (3) and (4), we have
ar ^TBDF h + ar ^TCDE h + ar ^TAFE h + ar ^TDEF h
= 4ar ^TDEF h
ar ^TABC h = 4ar ^TDEF h
ar ^TDEF h
=1
ar ^TABC h 4
3. In TABC, if +ADE = +B, then prove that
TADE ~TABC.
Also, if AD = 7.6 cm, AE = 7.2 cm, BE = 4.2 cm and
BC = 8.4 cm, then find DE.

We have +BED = +BDE

Since E is mid-point of BC ,
or, BE = BD = EC ...(1)
In TBCG , DE || FG
BD = BE = 1 (from (1))
DG EC

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, WJQZQBN] BD = DG = EC = BE [using (1)]

In TADF, CG || FD
In TADE and TABC, +A is common
AG = AC (By BPT)
and +ADE = +ABC (Given) GD CF
Due to AA similarity AG + GD = AF + CF
TADE ~TABC GD CF
AD = DE AD = AF
AB BC ,
GD CF
AD = DE AF = AD
AE + BE BC Thus (using (1))
CF BE
5. In TABC, AD is a median and O is any point on AD.
7.6 = DE
4.2 + 4.2 8.4 BO and CO on producing meet AC and AB at E
and F respectively. Now AD is produced to X such

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 121
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
that OD = DX as shown in figure. AD = BC + CD - AB
Prove that : AD = h + d - x
(1) EF | | BC
(2) AO : AX = AF : AB In right angled triangle TACD,
AD2 = AC2 + DC2
^h + d - x h2 = ^x + h h2 + d
2

^h + d - x h2 - ^x + h h2 = d
2

^h + d - x - x - h h^h + d - x + x + h h = d
2

^d - 2x h^2h + d h = d
2

2hd + d2 - 4hx - 2xd = d2

2hd = 4hx + 2xd
= 2 ^2h + d h x
or, x = hd
2h + d
7. ABCD is a rhombus whose diagonal AC makes an
angle a with AB. If cos a = 23 and OB = 3 cm, find
the length of its diagonals AC and BD .
Ans : [board Term-1, 2015, Set-O4YP6G7]
Since BC and OX bisect each other, BXCO is a
parallelogram. Therefore BE | | XC and BX | | CF .
In TABX, by BPT we get,
AF = AO ..(1)
FB OX

In TAXC, AE = AO ...(2)
EC OX
From (1) and (2) we get
AF = AE
FB EC Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, Set FFC]
By converse of BPT we have
We have cos a = 2 and OB = 3 cm
EF || BC 3

From (1) we get OX = FB In TAOB, cos a = 2 = AO

OA AF 3 AB
OX + OA = FB + AF Let OA = 2x then AB = 3x
OA AF
Now in right angled triangle TAOB we have
AX = AB
OA AF AB2 = AO2 + OB2

AO = AF ^3x h2 = ^2x h2 + ^3 h2
AX AB 9x2 = 4x2 + 9
Thus AO : AX = AF : AB Hence Proved 5x2 = 9
x = 9 = 3
6. In the right triangle, B is a point on AC such 5 5
that AB + AD = BC + CD. If AB = x, BC = h and
CD = d, then find x (in term of h and d). Hence, OA = 2x = 2 c 3 m = 6 cm
5 5
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
and AB = 3x = 3 c 3 m = 9 cm
5 5
Diagonal BD = 2 # OB = 2 # 3 = 6 cm
and AC = 2AO
= 2 # 6 = 12 cm
5 5

8. If the area of two similar triangles are equal, prove

that they are congruent.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-35]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
We have AB + AD = BC + CD
below.

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 122
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
In TABC AD is the median, therefore
BC = 2BD
and in TPQR , PM is the median,
QR = 2QM
Given, AB = AD = BC
PQ PM QR

or, AB = AD = 2BD
PQ PM 2QM
We have TABC ~TPQR,
In triangles ABD and PQM,
and arTABC = arTPQR
AB = AD = BD
Since TABC ~TPQR , we have PQ PM QM
ar ^TABC h 2 2 2
= AB2 = BC2 = CA 2 ...(1) By SSS similarity we have
ar ^TPQRh PQ QR RP
TABD ~TPQM
Since ar ^TABC h = ar ^TPQRh we have
By CPST we have
ar ^TABC h
=1 +B = +Q,
ar ^TPQRh
In TABC and TPQR,
From equation (1), we get
AB = BC
AB2 = BC2 = CA2 = 1 PQ QR
PQ2 QR2 RP2
By SAS similarity we have
AB = BC = CA = 1
PQ QR RP +B = +Q,
Thus TABC ~TPQR. Hence Proved.
AB = PQ,
BC = QR 10. Inthe following figure, TFEC , TGBD and
+1 = +2 . Prove that TADE , TABC.
and CA = RA
By SSS similarity we have
TABC , TPQR

9. In TABC, AD is the median to BC and in TPQR, PM

is the median to QR. If AB = BC = AD . Prove that
PQ QR PM
TABC~TPQR .
Prove that TABC~TPQR.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013 FFC; 2012, SEt-48]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-21]

Since TFEC , TGBD

EC = BD ...(1)
Since +1 = +2 , using isosceles triangle property
AE = AD ...(2)
From equation (1) and (2), we have
AE = AD
EC BD

DE || BC, (Converse of BPT)

Due to corresponding angles we have
+1 = +3 and +2 = +4
Thus in TADE and TABC,
+A = +A
+1 = +3
+2 = +4
Sy by AAA criterion of similarity,
TADE~TABC Hence proved

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 123
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
11. In the given figure, D and E trisect BC. Prove that In TABC, DP || BC
8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 . AD = AP ,
By BPT we have ...(1)
DB PC
Similarly, in TABC , EQ || AC
BQ
= BE ...(2)
QC EA
From figure, EA = AD + DE
= BE + ED ( BE = AD )
= BD
Therefore equation (2) becomes,
BQ
= AD ...(3)
QC BD
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, LK-59]
From (1) and (3), we get
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. AP = BQ
PC QC
By converse of BPT,
PQ || AB Hence Proved
For more files visit www.cbse.online

13. Prove that ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is

equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding
sides.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, FHN8MGD, Sample Paper 2017]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. Here TABC ~TPQR
Since D and E trisect BC , letBD = DE = EC be x .
Then BE = 2x and BC = 3x
In TABE , AE2 = AB2 + BE2 = AB2 + 4x2 ...(1)
In TABC , AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = AB2 + 9x2 ...(2)
In TADB , AD2 = AB2 + BD2 = AB2 + x2 ...(3)
Multiplying (2) by 3 and (3) by 5 and adding we have
3AC2 + 5AD2 = 3 ^AB2 + 9x2h + ^AB2 + x2h
= 3AB2 + 27x2 + 5AB2 + 5x2
= 8AB2 + 32x2 We have drawn AD = BC and PE = QR
Since TABC ~TPQR , due to corresponding sides of
= 8 (AB2 + 4x2) = 8AE2 similar triangles
Thus 3AC2 + 5AD2 = 8AE2 Hence Proved AB AC = AC ...(1)
PQ QR PR
12. Let ABC be a triangle D and E be two points on side
AB such that AD = BE. If DP | | BC and EQ | | AC, +B = +Q
then prove that PQ | | AB. In TADB and TPEQ,
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-44]
+B = +Q (Proved)
As per given condition we have drawn the figure +ADB = +PEQ [each 90º]
below.
TADB ~TPEQ (AA Similarity)
Corresponding sides of similar triangle,
AD = AB ...(2)
PE PQ
From eq. (1) and eq. (2),
AB = BC = AC = AD ...(3)
PQ QR PR PE
ar ^TABC h 1
# BC # AD
Now, = 2
ar ^TPQRh 1
2 # QR # PE

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 124
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in

= c BC m # b AD l
QR PE

= BC # BC
QR QR
From equation (3) we have
ar ^TABC h 2
= BC2 ...(4)
ar ^TPQRh QR
From equation (3) and equation (4) we have
ar ^TABC h 2 2 We have drawn diagonal AC and BD .
= c AB m = c BC m = b AC l
2

ar ^TPQRh PQ QR PR
AO = OC = 1 AC
14. Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the 2
hypotenuse is equal to sum of squares of other two
sides. Using the above result, prove that, in rhombus and BO = OD = 1 BD
2
ABCD, 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 .
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015 CJTOQ, [Sample Paper 2017] AC = BD
Since diagonal of rhombus bisect each other at right
(1) As per given condition we have drawn the figure angle,
below. Here AB = BC .
+AOB = 90º
We have drawn BE = AC
AB2 = OA2 + OB2
2
= b AC l + b BD l
2

2 2
2 2
= AC + BD
4 4

or 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 Hence proved

15. Vertical angles of two isosceles triangles are equal. If

their areas are in the ratio 16 : 25, then find the ratio
of their altitudes drawn from vertex to the opposite
side.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set CJTOQ]
In TAEB and TABC +A common and
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
+E = +B (each 90º) below.
By AA similarity we have
TAEB ~TABC
AE = AB
AB AC
AB2 = AE # AC
Now, In TCEB and TCBA, +C common and
+E = +B (each 90º)
By AA similarity we have
TAEB ~TCBA Here +A = +P
CE = BC
BC AC +B = +C, +Q = +R
Let +A = +P be x .
BC2 = CE # AC ...(2)
In TABC, +A + +B + +C = 180º
Adding eqns. (1) and (2) we have
x2 + +B + +B = 180º (+B = +C )
AB2 + BC2 = AE # AC + CE # AC
2+B = 180º - x
AB2 + BC2 = AC # AC
AB2 + BC2 = AC2 Hence proved +B = 180º - x ...(1)
2
(2) As per given condition we have drawn the figure Now, in TPQR

below. Here ABCD is a rhombus. +P + +Q + +R = 180º (+Q = +R )

2
x + +Q + +Q = 180º
2+Q = 180º - x
+Q = 180º - x ...(2)
2
Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 125
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
In TABC and TPQR, Subtracting equation (2) from equation (1),
+A = +P [Given] 3BC2 = 25 - 45 = 55
4 4 4
+B = +Q [From eq. (1) and (2)]
Due to AA similarity, BC2 = 55 ...(4)
3
TABC ~TPQR
ar ^TABC h 2 From equation (2) we have
Now = AD2
ar ^TPQRh PE AB2 + 55 = 45
12 4
16 = AD2
25 PE2 AB2 = 45 - 55 = 20
4 12 3
4 = AD
5 PE From equation (3) we get

AD = 4 CE2 = 55 + 20 = 240 = 20
3 3#4 12
PE 5
16. In the figure, ABC is a right triangle, right angled at Thus CE = 20 = 2 5 cm.
B. AD and CE are two medians drawn from A and
17. If a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to
C respectively. If AC = 5 cm and AD = 3 2 5 cm, find
intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the
the length of CE.
other two sides are divided in the same ratio. Prove it.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012 FFC, 2012 Set 15]
A triangle ABC is given in which DE | | BC. We have
drawn DN = AE and EM = AD as shown below. We
have joined BE and CD.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013 FFC]

We have redrawn the given figure as below.

In TADE,
area ^TADE h = 1 # AE # DN ...(1)
2
In TDEC,
area ^TDCE h = 1 # CE # DN ...(2)
2

Dividing eqn. (1) by eqn. (2),

area ^TADE h 1
# AE # DN
= 21
area ^TDEC h 2 # CE # DN

area ^TADE h
or, = AE ...(3)
area ^TDEC h CE
Here in TABC, +B = 90º , AD and CE are two
medians. Now in TADE,
By Pythagoras theorem we get area ^TADE h = 1 # AD # EM ...(4)
2
AC = AB + BC = ^5 h = 25
2 2 2 2
...(1) and in TDEB,
2 2 2
In TABD, AD = AB + BD
area ^TDEB h = 1 # EM # BD ...(5)
2 2
3 5 BC2
c 2 m = AB + 4
2

Dividing eqn. (4) by eqn. (5),

45 = AB2 + BC2 1 AD EM
...(2) area ^TADE h # #
4 4 = 2
area ^TDEB h 1 BD EM
2 2# #
In TEBC, CE2 = BC2 + AB ..(3) area ^TADE h AD
4 or, ...(6)
area ^TDEB h BD
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 126
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
DF = FG
Since TDEB and TDEC lie on the same base DE DA AB
and between two parallel lines DE and BC.
FG = 3
area ^TDEB h = area ^TDEC h AB 7
From equation (3) we have
FG = 3 AB ...(4)
area ^TADE h 7
= AE ...(7)
area ^TDEB h CE
AF 4 BE EC 3 DE
:AD = 7 = BC & BC = 7 = DA D
From equations (6) and (7) we get
AE = AD . Hence proved. Adding equation (3) and (4) we have
CE BD
EG + FG = 4 DC + 3 AB
18. In a trapezium ABCD, AB || DC and DC = 2AB. 7 7
EF = AB, where E and F lies on BC and AD
BE
respectively such that EC = 43 diagonal DB intersects oe EF = 4 # ^2AB h + 3 AB
7 7
EF at G. Prove that, 7EF = 11AB.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-65] = 8 AB + 3 AB = 77 AB
7 7 7
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. 7EF = 11AB. Hence proved.

19. Sides AB and AC and median AD of a triangle ABC

are respectively proportional to sides PQ and PR
and median PM of another triangle PQR. Show that
TABC~TPQR.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-62]
It is given that in TABC and TPQR, AD and PM
are their medians,
such that AB = AD = AC
PQ PM PR
We have produce AD to E such that AD = DE and
In trapezium ABCD, produce PM to N such that PM = MN. Join CE As
AB || DC and DC = 2AB. per given condition we have drawn the figure below.
BE = 4 and RN.
Also,
EC 3

In trapezium ABCD,
EF || AB | | CD
AF = BE = 4
FD EC 3

In TBGE and TBDC, +B is common and

Due to corresponding angles,
+BEG = +BCD
Due to AA similarity we get
TBGE ~TBDC
, EG = BE ...(1)
CD BC

As, BE = 4 In TABD and TEDC,

EC 3
AD = DE (By construction)
BE = 4 =4 +ADB = +EDC (VOA)
BE + EC 4+3 7
BD = DC (AD is a median)
BE = 4 ...(2)
BC 7 By SAS congruency
TABD , TEDC
From (1) and (2) we have
EG = 4 AB = CE (By CPCT)
CD 7 Similarly, PQ = RN and +A = +2
AB = AD = AC
, EG = 4 CD ...(3) PQ PM PE
(Given)
7

Similarly, TDGF ~TDBA , CE = 2AD = AC

RN 2PM PR
Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 127
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
are points of the sides CA and CB respectively, which
CE = AE = AC divide these sides in the ratio 2 : 1.
RN PN PR
Prove that : 9AQ2 = 9AC2 + 4BC2
By SSS similarity, we have 9BP2 = 9BC2 + 4AC2
TAEC ~TPNR 9 ^AQ2 + BP2h = 13AB2
+3 = +4 Ans :
+1 = +2 As per given condition we have drawn the figure
+1 + +3 = +2 + +4 below.
By SSS similarity, we have
TABC ~TPQR Hence Proved

20. In TABC, AD = BC and point D lies on BC such

that 2DB = 3CD. Prove that 5AB2 = 5AC2 + BC2 .
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015 Set DDE-E]
It is given in a triangle TABC, AD = BC and point
D lies on BC such that 2DB = 3CD.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Since P divides AC in the ratio 2 : 1

CP = 2 AC
3

QC = 2 BC
3

AQ2 = QC2 + AC2

= 4 BC2 + AC2
9

or, 9AQ2 = 4BC2 + 9AC2 ...(1)

Since 2DB = 3CD Similarly, we get
DB = 3
CD 2 9BP2 = BC2 + 4A2 ...(2)
Let DB be 3x, then CD will be 2x so BC = 5x Adding equation (1) and (2), we get
Since CD = 90º in TADB, we have 9 ^AQ2 + BP2h = 13AB2
AB2 = AD2 + DB2 = AD2 + ^3x h2
2. Find the length of the second diagonal of a rhombus,
= AD2 + 9x2 whose side is 5 cm and one of the diagonals is 6 cm.
or, 5AB2 = 5AD2 + 45x2 Ans :
5AD2 = 5AB2 - 45x2 ...(1) As per given condition we have drawn the figure
and AC = AD + CD = AD + ^2x h
2 2 2 2 2 below.
= AD2 + 4x2
or, 5AC2 = 5AD2 + 20x2
5AD2 = 5AC2 - 20x2 ...(2)
Comparing eq. (1) and eq. (2) we have
5AB2 - 45x2 = 5AC2 - 20x2
5AB2 = 5AC2 - 20x2 + 45x2
= 5AC2 + 25x2
= 5AC2 + ^5x h2
= 5AC2 + BC2 [ BC = 5x ]
2 2 2
Therefore 5AB = 5AC + BC Hence proved

HOTS QUESTIONS We have AB = BC = CD = AD = 5 cm and AC = 6 cm

Since AO = OC , AO = 3 cm
1. In a right triangle ABC, right angled at C. P and Q
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 128
Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
Here TAOB is right angled triangle as diagonals of Here we have drawn AL = BC.
rhombus intersect at right angle. Since it is isosceles triangle, AL is median of BC ,
By Pythagoras theorem, BL = LC = 6 cm.
OB = 4 cm. In right TALB, by Pythagoras theorem,
Since DO = OB, BD = 8 cm, length of the other AL2 = AB2 - BL2
diagonal = 2 (BO) where BO = 4 cm
= 102 - 62 = 64 = 82
Hence BD = 2 # BO = 2 # 4 = 8 cm
Thus AL = 8 cm.
3. Prove that three times the sum of the squares of the In TBPQ and TBLA,
sides of a triangle is equal to four times the sum of the
squares of the medians of the triangle. +B = +C (Isosceles triangle)
Ans : +BPQ = +BLA = 90º
As per given condition we have drawn the figure Thus by AA similarity we get
below. TBPQ ~+BLA
PB = BL
PQ AL
6-x = 6
y 8
3y
x = 6- Hence proved.
4
5. If TABC is an obtuse angled triangle, obtuse angled
at B and if AD = CB. Prove that :
AC2 AB2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD
Ans :
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
In triangle sum of squares of any two sides is equal to below.
twice the square of half of the third side, together with
twice the square of median bisecting it.
If AD is the median,
2
AB2 + AC2 = 2 &AD2 + BC 0
4

2 ^AB2 + AC2h = 4AD2 + BC2 ...(1)

Similarly by taking BE and CF as medians,
2 ^AB2 + AC2h = 4BE2 + AC2 ...(2)
In TADB, By Pythagoras theorem
and 2 ^AC + BC h = 4CF + AB
2 2 2 2
...(3)
AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(1)
Adding, (1), (2) and (iii), we get
In TADC, By Pythagoras theorem,
3 ^AB2 + BC2 + AC2h = 4 ^AD2 + BE2 + CF2h
AC2 = AD2 + CD2
Hence proved
= AD2 + ^BC + BD h2
4. ABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB = AC = 10cm. = AD2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD + BD2
BC = 12cm. PQRS is a rectangle inside the isosceles
triangle. Given PQ = SR = ycm, PS = PR = 2x. = ^AD2 + BD2h + 2BC # BD

Prove that x = 6 - .
3y Substituting ^AD2 + BD2h = AB2 we have
4
Ans : AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD
As per given condition we have drawn the figure 6. If A be the area of a right triangle and b be one of the
below. sides containing the right angle, prove that the length
of the altitude on the hypotenuse is 2Ab .
b + 4A2
4
Ans :
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +91 89056 29969 Page 129
Chap 6 : Triangles www.cbse.online
Since a+1 = +2 and +PQR = +PRQ we get
2+1 = 2+PQR
+1 = +PQR
Also +2 = +QPR common
Thus by AAA Similarity
TPTS ~TPRQ

8. In an equilateral triangle ABC, D is a point on the side

BC such the BD = 13 BC. Prove that 9AD2 = 7AB2 .
Ans : [Sample Question Paper 2017]
Let QR = b , then we have As per given condition we have drawn the figure
A = ar ^TPQRh below. Here we have drawn AP = BC

= 1 # b # PQ
2

or, PQ = 2 $ A ...(1)
b
Due to AA similarity we have
TPNQ ~TPQR
PQ NQ
= ...(2)
PR QR
From TPQR
PQ2 + QR2 = PR2
4A2 + b2 = PR2
b2 Here AB = BC = CA and BD = 1 BC.
4A 2 + b 4 = 4A 2 + b 4 3
PR =
b2 b
In TADP,
Equation (2) becomes AD2 = AP2 + DP2
2A =
NQ = AP2 + ^BP - BD h2
b # PR b
= AP2 + BP2 + BD2 + 2BP $ BD
NQ = 2A From TAPB using AP2 + BP2 = AB2 we have
PR
AD2 = AB2 + b 1 BC l - 2 b BC lb BC l
2

Altitude NQ = 2Ab Hence Proved. 3 2 3

4A2 + b 4 2 2
= AB2 + AB - AB = 7 AB2
7. In given figure +1 = +2 and TNSQ ~TMTR, then 9 3 9
prove that TPTS ~TPRO. 9AD2 = 7AB2 Hence Proved
For more files visit www.cbse.online

NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS

For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
www.cbse.online for
1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
Bank
2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
4. NCERT Solutions
All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
Ans : [Sample Question Paper 2017] provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly.
Disclaimer : www.cbse.online is not affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education,
New Delhi in any manner. www.cbse.online is a private organization which provide free
Given, TNSQ , TMTR study material pdfs to students. At www.cbse.online CBSE stands for Canny Books
For School Education.
By CPCT we have
+SQN = +TRM
From angle sum property we have
+P + +1 + +2 = +P + +PQR + +PRQ
+1 + +2 = +PQR + +PRQ

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 130