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B. Linear Equations
1. A linear equation is represented by its general form ax +b=0 , where a and b are real numbers, a ≠ 0. EX: 5 x−4=6
2. The value of the variable that makes the equation true is a solution to the equation.
(a) Conditional linear equation with one solution only Ex: 5x – 4 = 6 SS: { 2 }
(b) Identity linear equation with infinite solution Ex: 2x – 3 = 2 (x – 1) – 1 0=0 SS: { }
(c) Contradiction linear equation with no solution Ex: 3(x + 2) – 9 = 5x – (2x +1) 3 = −¿1 SS: ∅
4. System of linear equations: the set of two or more linear equations involving the same variables.
Ex: {2x+x−y=3
y=6
SS: { (3, 0) } ∴ the solution set is a point in the x-y-plane, as it is the intersection of the two lines
3 x − y+ z=−1
Ex:
{ 2 x +3 y + z=4
5 x + 4 y +2 z =5
SS: { (−¿1, 1,3) } ∴ the solution set is a point in the x-y-z-plane, as it is the intersection of the three lines
5. Types of 2x2 systems of linear equations and the nature of their solutions.
1 point of
intersecting consistent and intersection
independent
(c) Elimination Method choose which variable to eliminate and make the coefficients of the variable additive inverses.
∴ 12 x+15 y=54
+−12 x−8 y=−40
∴ 0+7 y =14
y=2 ∴ the system is consistent and independent
∴ 3 x+ 2 ( 2 ) =10 the system has one solution : { (2, 2) }
x=2
PRACTICE EXERCISES
(1) 4 x−2=5 ( x +1 )−3 (2) 3 x−( x−3 ) =2(x+ 1) (3) 3 x+ 2=5 x−2( x−1)
(1) Given : x +5=3 x +1 (2) If 3 x=a and a=6 , ∴ 3 x=¿ _______ _________________
x−3 x=1−5 __________________
−2 x=−4 __________________ (3) if h+ 4=k , then _______¿ h+ 4 _________________
x=2 __________________
C. Solve each system of linear equation according to the method, and state its type and solution.
{−3y−x=3
x+3 y =4 {−7−2x+x +68 y=−5
y =6
2 x−4 y + z=10
D. Solve the 3x3 system:
{ x+ 2 y −z=1
−x−3 y +2 z =0