UNIT 5 MIDTERM MN566

1. The practical application of findings from a set of studies is known as:

a. Critical analysis
b. Data implementation
c. Guideline development
d. Research utilization

2. It is always important to consider the pathological process that could be causing the
patients problems. Choose all that should be considered when creating your differential
list using a mnemonic
a. Inflammatory
b. Neoplastic
c. Toxic or metabolic
d. Infectious
e. Congenital
f. Traumatic

3. Which of the following would be considered the research design for level VI evidence?
a. Systematic reviews of descriptive or qualitative studies – LEVEL I
b. Opinion of authorities and expert committees – LEVEL VII
c. Well-designed case control or cohort studies – LEVEL IV
d. Single descriptive or qualitative study

4. Different kinds of thinking and learning also include the affective domain. This model
described by Krathwohl (1964) is:
a. A metacognitive model
b. Complex to include conceptual knowledge
c. Based on an organized hierarchy
d. Based on an individual’s commitment to living and valuing

5. The Goals of Diagnostic Reasoning is to:(choose all that apply)

a. Solve a problem
b. establish a relationship with your patient
c. screen for disease and illness
d. promote healthy lifestyles
e. support research

6. Choose all the following that are essential in developing clinical practice guidelines:
a. Identification of a topic
b. Enlist and expert panel
c. Review of literature
d. Rate evidence
 e. Draft a proposal
f. External review of draft
g. Revised draft based on recommendations

7. Indicators that a headache can be the presenting symptom of a serious illness and may
require neuroimaging include all the following except:
a. Headaches that occur periodically in clusters
b. Increase frequency and severity of headaches
c. Headaches causing confusion, dizziness and or lack of coordination
d. Headaches causing you to wake at night.

8. Understanding other factors that can be causing the patients problems include: Choose
all that should be considered
a. Demographics
b. Age
c. Gender
d. weight
e. medications
f. education

9. The Symptom Management Model proposes to consider three dimensions as an

advanced practice approach to care. Choose the three dimensions that are suggested.
a. The symptom experiences
b. The past medical history
c. Symptom Outcomes
d. Symptom management strategies

10. Bloom’s (1956) taxonomies of learning includes all of the following except:
a. the cognitive domain
b. the communication and leadership domain
c. the affective domain
d. psychomotor domain

11. Which of the following would be considered the research design for Level II evidence?
a. Single descriptive or qualitative study - LEVEL VI
b. Well-designed case control or cohort studies – LEVEL IV
c. Single, well-designed, randomized clinical trial
d. Systematic review of randomized clinical trial studies – LEVEL I
12. Treatment options in cluster headaches include the use of:
a. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
b. oxygen
c. Triptans
d. All of the Above

13. Formulating your differential diagnosis is a process that includes:

a. Diagnostic tests
b. "shot-gun" finding
c. A physical
d. History of the present illness
e. Your personal experiences
f. Critical Thinking

14. Practice Standards are designed to be flexible and can be tailored to be used in any
medical arena.
a. True
b. False

15. Which of the following would be considered the research design for Level IV evidence?
a. Single descriptive or qualitative study - LEVEL VI
b. Opinion of authorities and expert committees – LEVEL VII
c. Systematic review of randomized clinical trial studies – LEVEL I
d. Well-designed controlled trials without randomization – LEVEL III
e. Well-designed case control or cohort studies

16. Diagnostic test should be the deciding factor when making your final diagnosis.
a. True
b. False

17. Which is the most important question to ask in nursing research?

a. What findings constitute evidence?
b. How will the findings be used?
c. Is this a randomized controlled trial?
d. What theory is being utilized?

18. Using mnemonics for gathering a health history can be helpful when trying to analyze
the symptoms presented and create a differential list. Which mnemonic will give you the
most comprehensive approach to collecting your history?
 a. OLDCARS
b. COLDSPA
c. MEDLIST
d. OLDCARTS

19. Applying evidence at the point of care requires:

a. Readily available evidence-based resources
b. Ability to review research literature
c. Single articles in journals
d. Current textbooks

20. Which of the following would be considered the research design for Level V evidence?
a. Systematic review of randomized clinical trial studies – LEVEL I
b. Well-designed controlled trials without randomization – LEVEL III
c. Systematic reviews of descriptive or qualitative studies
d. Single descriptive or qualitative study – LEVEL VI

21. Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Which
of the following are parts of evidence-based practice?
a. Clinician
b. Patient
c. Evidence
d. All of the above

22. A 37-year-old man that was diagnosed with cluster headaches and takes high doses of
aspirin. Indicate the appropriate course of action:
a. head CT
b. head MRI
c. neither for the following patient
d. All of the above

23. What are the questions you should ask yourself before using clinical guidelines in your
practice? All are correct except (mark the ones that apply)
a. How strong are the recommendations?
b. Are the guidelines applicable to my patients?
c. Can I get reimbursed for using these guidelines?
d. Are the guidelines clinically important?
e. Are these guidelines from a reliable source?
f. How old are these guidelines?
24. Which of the following would be considered the research design for Level I evidence?
a. Single, well-designed randomized clinical trial – LEVEL II
b. Systematic review of randomized clinical trial studies
c. Well-designed controlled trials without randomization – LEVEL III
d. Systematic reviews of descriptive or qualitative studies – LEVEL V

25. The Circle of Caring Model has grown out of and is rooted in the assumption that caring
is the central concept in nursing and is uniquely known and expressed in nursing.
a. True
b. False

26. Generalized patterns of nursing care are represented in The Circle of Caring Model as:
(choose all that apply)
a. self-care
b. Patience
c. listening
d. courage
e. Authentic presence
f. advocacy 
g. knowing
h. commitment

27. The Circle of Caring Model is a new and more contemporary approach to medicine.
Choose the characteristics that best describe this model of care in the primary care
setting.
a. It includes both traditional nursing as well as traditional medical practice
b. It is a transformative model
c. It considers both assessment and patient outcomes
d. It is a patient centered model
e. All of the Above

28. Which of the following is a crucial element of developing a guideline?

a. Creating a physician expert panel
b. Reviewing the literature with ratings of available evidence
c. Conducting an external review of a guideline
d. Developing evidence-based tables

29. When evaluating a patient with an acute headache all of the following observations
would indicate the absence of a more serious underlying condition except:
a. Onset of headache with exertion, coughing or sneezing
b. History of previous headaches
c. Supple neck
d. normal neurological examination result.
30. Clinicians who use clinical guidelines are responsible for reviewing their usefulness in
their practice.
a. True
b. False

31. Nursing research should be utilized by:

a. Nurses at the bedside
b. Advanced practice nurses
c. Nurse researchers
d. Nurses at all levels of practice

32. Practice guidelines are designed to:

a. Be inflexible
b. Be utilized in every circumstance
c. Provide a reference point for decision making
d. Be created by a professional organization to guide the practice of a profession

33. Choose all that should be considered when ordering a diagnostic test
a. Patients request for test to be done
b. Cost
c. Sensitivity and specificity of the test
d. Convenience of test
e. Will the outcome of the test change your plan of care?
f. Diagnosis by exclusion