2019 IEEE 8th Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference (ITAIC 2019)
Design of Rescue and Health Monitoring Bracelet for
The Elderly Based on STM32
Yazhen Gu1 , Peng Wang1 ,Hongwei Duan1 ,Haihong Chen1 ,Yanyan Ren1
1. College of Computer and Information Engineering , Chifeng University
Chifeng,China
Abstract—China has gradually entered an aging society, few
studies have focused on smart wearable devices for the elderly. In
this paper, the bracelet communicates with the APP on the smart
phone through Bluetooth signal to achieve temperature and heart
rate monitoring and one-button rescue function.STM32F103 is
used as the MCU of bracelet ， ST188 is used for monitoring heart
rate. MLX90614 is used to measure temperature.This system
realizes body monitoring and one-button rescue function.It is
proved that pressing the help button can call an emergency
contact within two seconds and send the user's location and heart
rate to the emergency contact.It plays an important role in buying
valuable time for the effective treatment of sudden diseases of the
elderly.
Keywords—bracelet; rescue; STM32; elderly;heart rate
I. INTRODUCTION
China has gradually entered an aging society, and
consumption by the elderly will play an important role in
social development.According to the data released by the
office of the national working committee on aging, by the
end of 2017, there are 241 million elderly people aged 60 or
above in China, accounting for 17.3% of the total
population[1].With the gradual improvement of medical
level and the gradual enhancement of medical security,
people's life expectancy will continue to be
extended.According to the predicted results of (Yanmei
Chen et al.), the population aged 60 and over in China will
reach 275 million in 2020 and 498 million in 2050, which is
characterized by a large number of elderly population base
and increasing year by year [2].All the above data show that
China has gradually entered an aging society, and the health,
life and pension of the elderly need to be paid more
attention to[3].CAI fang, vice President of the Chinese
academy of social sciences, has also proposed that there is
much to be done in developing the elderly demographic
dividend and engaging in the old-age care industry. The
elderly are also an important consumer group and can play a
role in stimulating domestic demand[4].Therefore, the
development of health products suitable for the elderly is in
line with people's living needs, social needs and economic
needs.
In recent years, research on smart wearable products has
increased, but few products are designed for the health of
the elderly. As for EI database search results, 111 records
978-1-5386-8178-7/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE 1259
were searched by bracelet as the topic keyword, and 30 of
them were related to wearable technology and sensors,
accounting for 27.92%. From the year of publication, 93
papers have been published since 2008, accounting for
83.78%,and 61.26% in the last five years. It can be seen
that the development of foreign technology in this field has
been on the rise in the last five years and shows an upward
trend. Matias, Igor (2018) et al. proposed a bracelet solution
for automatic monitoring, detection and communication of
health emergencies, which is still in the early stage of
model and design[6]. Sherif Said (2016) et al. proposed a
monitoring bracelet for drivers' health emergency treatment,
which can be used to control the running state of vehicles in
case of health crisis [7]. YANFANG YE (2015) et al.
proposed a smart bracelet based on data mining to protect
children's safety [8].
There have been bracelet studies on the health of the
elderly in China. A total of 194 results were obtained by
searching the keyword "bracelet" on CNKI(Chinese
National Knowledge Infrastructure), of which 11 were
keywords for the elderly, accounting for 5.67%.Huazhen
Chen (2017) et al. designed an intelligent bracelet with fall
detection function suitable for the elderly, which can
improve the accuracy of fall judgment and reduce the
occurrence of misjudgment [9]. Wenchao Zhang (2018)
proposed an intelligent bracelet design based on the elderly
in the community, which can monitor the physical state of
the elderly and transmit the information to their children
through the Internet of things [10].
This paper describe the design and realization of a
intelligent bracelet based on STM32.This system realizes
the detection and monitoring of body temperature, heart
rate, accurate positioning function, one-button rescue
function, and plays an auxiliary role in timely and effective
rescue for the elderly.
II. THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE BRACELET SYSTEM
The bracelet system consists of three parts ,
APP、server and bracelet.The bracelet communicates with
the APP which installed on the smart phone via Bluetooth
signal.The APP communicates with server by the Wireless
mobile communication network.The architecture of the
bracelet system is shown as Fig.1.
 Fig.1. The network diagram of bracelet system

When the user is in an emergency and needs help,he can

press the rescue button on the bracelet or on the APP if he
is conscious.Then the APP detects this signal and send the
user’s location and basic information by SMS(short
message service) to his emergency contacts,and to the 120
SMS platform. His emergency contacts who also installed
this APP ,can get the specific location 、 body
temperature 、 heart rate and so on,then decide what to do
next.
SOFTWARE DESIGN OF THE BRACELET
III.
The APP attached to the bracelet is programmed by java
and runs on android.It contains five modules .
A. Login and registration.
After installing the APP,users need to register and login
with their mobile phone number.The user name is the
telephone number,the password should be set more than six
symbols in order to ensure safety.A verification code which
will be set to your telephone should be entered when you
login.It’s made up of random letters and numbers.
 indoor positioning: on the basis of basic positioning
ability, provide indoor high-precision positioning
ability, the accuracy can reach 1-3 meters.
 full positioning: including offline positioning,
indoor high-precision positioning ability, and
providing more humanized location description
service.
In this system offline positioning mode is selected,
which has the characteristics of high positioning accuracy
(within ten meters )and no need of sim card.Longitude and
latitude coordinates are provided.
D. Emergency call.
A big call button is set on the APP first page which has
the similar function as on the bracelet.It can be used if the
user is conscious or if the device is damaged.The function
of preventing wrong touch is also designed.The execution
flow chart is as Fig.2.

B. Basic information management.

In this module,users can add or modify basic
information including age 、 name 、 blood type 、
medical history 、 the allergen and so on.These
information will be sent to his emergency contacts and 120
SMS platform.

C. Precise positioning.
When the user presses the rescue button,the most
important information to send is his location.In this
module,Baidu Android SDK(Software development kit) is
used,which is a simple and easy-to-use location-based
service interface for Android mobile applications.It can be
downloaded from the Internet. There are four position mode
in Baidu Map provided for developers:basic
positioning,offline positioning,indoor positioning,full
positioning.
 basic positioning: the development kit has the
smallest volume, but only includes basic positioning
capability (GPS/WiFi/ base station) and basic Fig.2. Emergency call flow chart
position description capability.
 offline positioning: on the basis of basic positioning E. Heart rate recording.
ability, provide offline positioning ability, which can Through the monitoring function of the bracelet, the
be used for accurate positioning when the network heart rate value of the user can be recorded, and the
environment is not good. statistical value can be given monthly and yearly for users
to view and reference for other disease.
IV. HARDWARE DESIGN OF THE BRACELET photoelectric reflective analog sensor used for pulse and
STM32F103 is used as the MCU of bracelet. It has the heart rate measurement,the connection circuit diagram is
advantages of safety, low energy consumption and large shown in Fig.3.MLX90614 which is an infra Red
flash memory which are Suitable for bracelet requirements. thermometer for non contact temperature measurements is
ST188 is used for monitoring heart rate which is a used to measure temperature.
126
 Fig.3. ST188 connection circuit diagram
A. Heart rate monitoring module
Adult resting heart rate is 60~100 times/min, the elderly
over 60 years old, exercise heart rate should be controlled
in
104 ~ 135 times/min, but if the heart disease patients,
exercise heart rate should be controlled in the maximum
heart rate of 55 ~ 75times/min. When the heart rate monitor
on the bracelet detects that the heart rate value exceeds the
normal range, the bracelet sends a signal through Bluetooth
to the APP. The bracelet starts to vibrate and the APP will
call the emergency contacts and send an emergency
message (including location and heart rate) to the
emergency contacts and 120 SMS platform.
B. One-button call for help module
The bracelet is equipped with an emergency rescue
button, which can be pressed one time to realize the
emergency rescue function. One keystroke will generate
external interrupt of stm32, and the interrupt processing
function will send the signal to the mobile APP through
Bluetooth protocol. After receiving the request, the App
will enter the one-button help processing process.
C. Body temperature monitoring module
The body temperature of adults ranges from 36 to 37
degrees.The temperature sensor detects it every half an hour.
If the temperature is abnormal two times,the bracelet will
send signal to the APP installed on the smart phone, then the
APP and bracelet will emit five drops and Text will be
displayed on the APP message box to get user’s attention.
V. THE SYSTEM TEST
Hardware and software should be properly
connected.Fist of all, Turn on the bracelet switch,the
[5] Yating Tian.What kind of old people are more likely to fall
down?.Guangming daily.2015-10-21(006).
[6] Matias, Igor, Pombo, Nuno,Garcia, Nuno . Towards a fully automated
bracelet for health emergency solution. IoTBDS,2018-March.
[7] Sherif Said, Samer AlKork, Taha Beyrouthy. Wearable Bio-Sensors
Bracelet for Driver’s Health Emergency Detection.2016
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bracelet is initialized after it is powered on. Second,set the
basic information of the user and the phone number of the
emergency contact person in the APP.Then, the bracelet
and APP are set to identify and pair. When the help button
of the bracelet is pressed, the emergency contact person can
receive the phone call and SMS. The SMS briefly describes
the user information and specific location, realizing the
function of notifying the contact person in the shortest time
for the user .
VI. CONCLUSION
After testing, the bracelet system has the basic rescue
function. At present, this system has several shortcomings.
On the one hand, it lacks the function of shooting. On the
other hand, it cannot detect the fainting condition of people
with normal heart rate and temperature.We will make
further improvement on the product.Online social function
will be added so that elderly with similar diseases or
hobbies can communicate with each other.News and life
tips about elderly common disease will be sent to the
APP.On the hardware side,camera and screen can be
assembled on he bracelet so that the user can make a video
call to their emergency contact.Much remains to be done.
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