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The Role of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries in Chennai

Biotechnology Cluster

Presentation · October 2018

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34676.81281

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 The Role of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries in
Chennai Biotechnology Cluster

Dr. E. Bhaskaran. B.E, M.I.E, M.B.A, Ph.D., C.E.,

Deputy Director of Industries and Commerce (Technical) (EDP),
Department of Industries and Commerce,
Government of Tamil Nadu, Guindy, Chennai-32, India.
E-mail: e.bhaskaran19@gmail.com
Abstract:
Bio-Technology Sector in India particularly Chennai offers a sea of opportunities comprising Bio
parks, Marine and Herbal Bio valleys, Bio villages and Bio partnerships between rural and tribal
women and men and private and public sector companies. Startups / Entrepreneurs can clutch the
opportunity through Policies of State and Central Government. Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster can
be formed to cater to the needs of Startups / Entrepreneurs in Bio-Technology Sector. The objective
is to find 10 steps / 100 days to become Bio-Technology Entrepreneurs and Vision is to develop
Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model (BTCDM) using Soft and Hard Intervention
for Startups and Mission is to develop Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model /
Cluster Map, and Value Chain Analysis of Cluster. The methodology adopted is collection of
Primary and Secondary performance data from the Government of Tamil Nadu and other
Stakeholders of Cluster. The BTCDM should have backward linkages like Raw Material Supplier,
Vendors and Machine Supplier and Forward Linkages like Wholesalers, Dealers and Direct Buyer.
The Commercial Service Provider consists of TICEL Labs. The Public and Private Service
Institutions caters for Manufacturing, Centre of Excellence, Ware housing and Skill Development
with equity offering by Cluster. To conclude, the Value Chain Analysis of Integrated BTCDM
results in Infrastructure Interrelationships, Technology Interrelationships, Procurement
Interrelationships, Production Interrelationships and Marketing Interrelationships among Startups
under PPP concept with Government of India and Tamil Nadu. Cluster Development Approach will
reduce the cost of the Biotech products and in turn reduce cost for Individual Enterprises in
manufacturing of Bio-Technology and Pharmaceuticals products which are all a Biodegradable
Materials. There is revolution in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries by application of
Biotechnology.

Key Words: Startups, Bio-Technology Entrepreneurs, Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster

Development Model.

1. Introduction:
1.1 Biotechnology Sector in Chennai

TAMILNADU is the first state in India to bring an exclusive Biotech Policy in September, 2000
for the economic development of the state integrating the Bio resources and the Technical
capabilities available within the state. Biotechnology is recognized as an emerging knowledge
industry offering immense potential for innovative technological development and employment
opportunities.
Accordingly, a world class laboratory infrastructure, TICEL Bio Park has been established in
Chennai, India and is in operation since Nov, 2004.

"Tamil Nadu is the first State in the country to develop a well - defined Biotechnology Policy and
to set up an All Women Biotechnology Park. The State's Biotechnology Policy provides for Bio

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parks, Marine and Herbal Bio valleys, Bio villages and Bio partnerships between rural and tribal
women and men and private and public sector companies. Through the effective implementation of
all these programmes, Tamil Nadu will become the Biotechnology State of India".

Biotechnology Opportunities in Tamil nadu

Tamil Nadu is rich in bio-resources. The State is located in the southernmost part of India close to
the equator and its seven agro-climatic zones provide substantial advantages of biodiversity that can
rarely be found in any other part of the world. The forest, agricultural and plant resource base of the
State is both large and diverse and represents a great market opportunity for biotechnology
products. There are more than 5000 species of flowering plants and the forest cover in the state
spreads 22500 sq.km. The State has a long coastline that stretches on the west facing the Arabian
Sea which presents opportunities for marine biotechnology.

The State Govt. has recognized its inherent strengths of land-based and marine-based bio-
diversity and its traditional medicinal expertise and is seeking to create value through knowledge
industries such as biotechnology.

2. Technical Survey

TICEL Bio Park, located in Chennai, India, provides world class laboratory infrastructure
and services for Biotech R&D. TICEL Bio Park Ltd. is a unit of Tamilnadu Industrial Development
Corporation Ltd. (TIDCO), a State Government undertaking. TIDEL Park Ltd, Indian Bank, Karur
Vysya Bank and Indian Overseas Bank are the Co-Promoters.

The Bio Park provides the following facilities:

Bio Resource Centre (Under Consideration)
Tenancy Area
Training Centre

The Bio Park has proposed to undertake

 Testing, analytical and mentoring services at the
Bio Resource Centre
 Training and
 Contract Research Programmes

Cornell University, USA has provided the design and technical parameters for the Bio Park Govt
initiatives to spur growth: The Govt of Tamil Nadu has conferred the status of Research &
Development institution to TICEL. TNEB has extended to TICEL the Power tariff applicable to
R&D Institution to promote growth of Biotechnology R&D in TN.

Biotechnology initiative of TIDCO

The Indian biotech industry is poised for tremendous growth. Recognising this trend, Tamil Nadu
Industrial Development Corporation Ltd (TIDCO) assisted the State Government in the formulation
and adoption of a Biotechnology Policy aimed at generating employment opportunities and
economic development. The large pool of scientific talent available at a reasonable cost, a wealth of
R&D institution, rich and varied biodiversity, strong IT skills, a highly qualified English speaking
yet relatively cost-effective workforce and the State's biotech friendly policies have contributed to
Multinational and Indian research companies venturing into this sector with confidence,

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Milestones of State Biotechnology Initiatives

1999 - Rs. 67million Women's Biotechnology Park created at Chennai in 20 acres.

2000 - High Power Committee headed by Prof. M.S. Swami Nathan formulates comprehensive
Biotech Policy for the State.

2000 - Tamil Nadu Biotechnology Board a technical cum Advisory Body was constituted by Govt
with Dr.M.S.Swaminathan &, eminent scientists and policy planners of state / central Govts. To
streamline the biotech activities in the State and also formulate / make amendments in the State
Biotechnology Policies from time to time.

2004 - TICEL Bio Part Ltd: Rs. 625 million, world class Biotechnology Park in technical
collaboration with Cornell University, USA at Chennai, the completed lab space for Biotech
activities.

In the Pipeline

Marine Biotechnology Park

India is blessed with a long coastline of 8,000 km and the warm, tropical waters sustain great
biodiversity, a treasure house for medicinal, cosmetic, nutritional and industrial applications. Tamil
Nadu State is strategically situated in the southern part of the Indian Peninsula and its 1,000 km
coastline stretches from the west on the Arabian Sea around the Indian Ocean on the South to the
east along the Bay of Bengal.

TIDCO is proposing to establish a Marine Biotechnology Park at an approximate cost of Rs.660

million to harness these resources. A feasibility report is being finalised and TIDCO will shortly be
looking for a partner to develop the Park which is proposed to be located on 300 acres of land near
Mamallapuram, 40 Km south of Chennai.

 Common Bio-Resource Centre

 Supporting infrastructure
 Clean sea water
 Effluent Management
 Lands for commercialising discoveries.

Medicinal Plant Biotech Park

Please provide details TIDCO signed agreement with M/s Occimum Pharma Ltd. in associate sector
for propagation of 23 types of medicinal plans in 180 acres sirumalai and extraction and formulation
of Phyto-Pharma products at a cost of Rs.14.5 crores.

Life science Venture Capital Fund: Corpus fund of Rs.50 crores is proposed by TIDCO and IL &
FS to target Biotech Projects.

Tamil Nadu Biotech Cell is being created to act as a Single Point of Contact for providing
information / guidance / facilitation to the entrepreneurs / etc. for venturing into biotech areas and
also for setting up biotech manufacturing industries in the State of Tamil Nadu

3. Objective of the Study

The objective
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 1. To find 10 Steps or 100 days to become Bio-Technology Startups / Entrepreneurs.
2. To find Vision and Mission for Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model
(BTCDM) using Soft and Hard Intervention
3. To find the Strength of Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster , Develop Cluster Map, Value Chain
Analysis and Business Model of Bio-Technology Cluster.

4. Methodology of the Study

The methodology adopted is collection of Primary and Secondary performance data from the
Bio-Technology Entrepreneurs in Chennai, TICEL BioPark Ltd, Government of Tamil Nadu, and
other Stakeholders of Cluster and from references 5 to 12 on Cluster Development Approach.

5. Technical Analysis of Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster.

5.1. 10 Steps or 100 days to become Bio-Technology Startups / Entrepreneurs
The 10 steps or 100 days to become Bio-Technology Startups / Entrepreneurs in Chennai are given
in figure 1.

100 Days / Steps 10 Planning and Organizing the Business, Udyog Aadhaar
Memorandum, http://udyogaadhaar.gov.in , http://www.fieo.org ,
http://www.msmedatabank.in , www.indiantradeportal.in,
www.zed.org.in, www.ipindia.nic.in, www.digitalmsme.gov.in
90 9 Statutory Registration, IT,GST, ESI, EPF,EPS,
85 8 Implementing Project, EDII- EDP Training,
60 7 Financing of Project- TL / WC- Banks, SFCs/TIIC, NSIC,SIDBI
http://www.mudra.org.in , www.standupmitra.in ,
http://www.msmeonline.tn.gov.in/needs/
http://www.msmeonline.tn.gov.in/uyegp
http://kviconline.gov.in/pmegpeportal/jsp/pmegponline.jsp
50 6 Apply for License and Permits with Local Authority- Ease of doing Business
www.indcom.tn.gov.in , https://easybusiness.tn.gov.in/msme

40 5 Go for RM &Plant and Machinery – DIC, www.nsic.co.in, https://gem.gov.in/

30 4 Choosing Land and Building / right location for setting up the Enterprise Options,
www.sidco.tn.gov.in , www.sipcot.com , www.tidco.com
10 3 Deciding Form of Business,www.tamilnadugim.com, https://easybusiness.tn.gov.in/
5 2 Preparing Feasibility Study for Biotech Project- Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
http://www.dcmsme.gov.in/publications/pmryprof/pjseries.html
https://kviconline.gov.in/pmegp/pmegpweb/docs/jsp/newprojectReports.jsp

1 Conception of Biotech-Project- DIC, EDII, www.indcom.tn.gov.in.

http://skilltraining.tn.gov.in/DET/ , www.msmedi-chennai.gov.in , www.nsdcindia.org ,
www.editn.in , http://startupindia.gov.in *
Source: Developed by Researcher

Figure 1: 10 Steps or 100 days to become Bio-Technology Startups / Entrepreneurs

5.2 VISION 2020 for Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model

4
 The Vision is to make the Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster to reach the State of the Art Facilities
for Bio-Technology Entrepreneurs by 2020.

Mission: TICEL acts as a focal hub for Biotech R&D industry in major domains of Biotechnology
such as Medical Biotechnology, Nutraceuticals, Agricultural Biotechnology and Bioinformatics.

5.2.1 Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model

The Mission for BTCDM is to develop backward linkages like Raw Material Supplier, Vendors
and Machine Supplier and Forward Linkages like Wholesalers, Dealers and Direct Buyer as shown
in Figure 2.

Commercial Service Providers

(Design and Technical Parameters [Cornell University, USA],
Testing Laboratory (TICEL Lab),
Carriers, Financier, Import Agents etc.)
SIDBI, TIIC, NATIONALISED BANKS, EXIM BANK

M/c supplier Wholesalers

Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster
Vendors Large, Medium, Small and Micro Dealers
Chemical and Pharmaceuticals
RM suppliers Manufacturing Enterprises Direct Buyer
[LMSMEs]

Backward Forward
Linkages Linkages

(Public & Private) Support and Service Institutions

TNAU University, IIT,Madras, Anna University, Madras University, CSIR, TICEL

Public Policy
Government of India : Pharma Policy, 2017, Department of Pharmaceuticals
Government of Tamil Nadu: Bio-Technology Policy 2014, Industrial Policy, 2014, MSME
Policy, 2008, Business Facilitation Act, 2018, Single Window Clearance

Source: Developed by Researcher

Figure 2: Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster Development Model Cluster Map

5.3 Business Model Canvas for Bio-Technology Sector

The Business Model Canvas will be a guide for Startup / Entrepreneurs to develop their enterprises
by mapping other Stakeholders as shown in figure 3.

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 Figure 3: Business Model Canvas for Biotech Startups / Entrepreneur

TICEL Bio Park Ltd.

TICEL Bio park I and II is shown in figure 4.

TICEL I TICEL II

TICEL provides Laboratory space of BSL2 /
BSL3 standards for Biotech R&D in modules of
915 sq. with super buildup area of 1525 sq.
TICEL provides the furnished lab space at the
ground floor for long term lease of 10 years with
upfront collection of rent for the lease period.
Govt. of Tamil Nadu has recognized TICEL as a
Research & Development (R&D) institution and
hence TNEB Provides electric power at
concessional Tariff.
TICEL collects rental advance of six month
rental charges and also provides rent free-fit out
period to furnish the labs/office/IT activities by
clients.
The warm shell space at TICEL Bio Park is
provided on Rent/Lease basis

No of
Floor Labs for rent/sale
Modules Lab 1 to Lab 8
8 floors
G
Furnished Wet Labs 13
1
Wet Labs 10
2
Wet Labs 16
3
Wet Labs 16
4
Wet / Dry Labs 16
5
Wet /Dry Labs 16

Figure 4: TICEL I and II

6
Park infrastructure
 World class design for Bio Park
 World class laboratory standards with BSL2 upgradeable to BSL3

Common infrastructure and facilities [given in figure 5]

1. Electrical power supply and distribution through two feeders
2. 100% power backup
3. Air-conditioning with 100% fresh filtered air
4. Water treatment and supply
5. Waste water treatment & disposal - approved by Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board
6. Consent from TNPCB under AIR (P & CP) & WATER (P &CP) Acts.
7. Potable water, Compressed air and Vacuum
8. Smart card access and security system

COMMON FACILITIES IN TICEL BIO PARK

Figure 5: Common Facility Centre

Business centre

Four Cubicles with Computer available to facilitate tenants to set up there office at TICEL during
prefitment period, at a rental of Rs.5, 000/- plus applicable service tax.

Two rooms attached with space for receiving visitors and for conducting meeting can be availed on
lease basis for three months.
7
Training Centre

TICEL is equipped with modular training centre with Two halls with seating capacity of 60 persons
each or single hall of maximum seating capacity of 120.

Duration
Rates (Rs.) (TICEL Clients) Other than TICEL Clients
Sl.No.

25,000/-
01 Full Day (above 5 hrs.) 12,000/-

02 Half Day (5 hrs.) 7,000/- 15,000/-

GST will be charged extra Booking permitted for Sundays/Holidays on payment of 50% additional
charges.

Other Amenities

International standard communication facilities: Through Bharath Sanchar Nigam Ltd

(BSNL)/ Reliance Infocom Ltd (RIL)
Food Court / Ample Parking area
Access to Recreation facilities at TIDEL include swimming, Tennis and Gymnasium
ATM facility.

The list of Industries in TICEL-I, II and BTCIF are given in table 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

Table 1: TICEL-I- List of Clients

1 M/s.ActavisPharma Development Centre Pvt. Ltd.
2 M/s.Vistakon (Division of Johnson & Johnson)
3 M/s.HLL Biotech Ltd.
4 M/s.Hyoshi India Ecological Services Private Limited
M/s.Johnson& Johnson (Ethicon Institute of surgical
5
Education)
6 M/s.SGS India Pvt. Ltd.
7 M/s.HLLLifecare Ltd.
8 M/s.Evolva Biotech Pvt. Ltd.
9 M/s.Harley Street Medical Park Ltd.
10 M/s.National Biodiversity Authority

8
 Table 2: TICEL-II- List of Clients
1 M/s.Hospira Healthcare India Pvt. Ltd.
2 M/s.SaksinLifesciences Pvt. Ltd.
3 M/s.Gencor Pacific Organics India Pvt. Ltd
4 M/s.V S Clinical Research and Hospital Pvt. Ltd.
5 M/s.AtheneseDx
6 M/s.Levim Biotech
7 M/s.HLL Biotech Ltd.
8 M/s.Intertek India Pvt. Ltd.
9 M/s.PerkinElmer Health Sciences Pvt. Ltd.
10 M/s.Valgenesis (India) Pvt. Ltd.
11 M/s.EywaPharma
12 M/s.Datri Blood Stem Cell Donors Registry

Table 3: TICEL-II – BTCIF

1 M/s.Baba Clinical & Genomic Research Centre
2 M/s.VClinbio Labs Pvt. Ltd.
3 M/s.AxioGen Biotech

Bio Initiatives Key Strengths of Tamil Nadu:

 Creation of sector - wise Bio Parks with common infrastructure and facilities to minimize
capital cost by individual industries.
 Access to biological materials, new technologies, process and knowledge through
collaborative technology networking with leading national / international universities and
research institutes.
 Industry academic partnership for strategic research, product planning and contract research.
 Pro - active State Policy.
 Single Window Mechanism and Tamil Nadu Biotech Cell for mentoring support.
 BT enabling services to protect Bio -piracy, IPR, patent etc.
 Biotech industry association for addressing current issues.
 Advisory body with eminent scientists for addressing industry issues.
 Venture capital funding support

Opportunities for Biotechnology Sector in Chennai

The Adyar and Guindy Area in Chennai and SIDCO Industrial Estate, Alathur Area have naturally
formed Pharma Cluster are shown in figure 5.

Support from Government of Tamil Nadu

Single Window Clearance will be provided for all biotech R&D & Manufacturing Projects
Electricity tax exemption will be as per TN Industrial policy 2014
TN Govt. has allocated INR 5 Billion as Biotechnology Venture Capital fund.
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 Figure 5: Chennai and Alathur Pharma Cluster Map

Table 4: Investment Opportunity in Chennai Biotechnology Cluster

Vaccine and Recombinant Animal Biotechnology Biofuels.

Therapeutics
Bioactive Therapeutics Contract Research Healthcare
Proteins
Stem Cell research Clinical Trials & Microbial & Industrial
Outsourcing Biotechnology
Cell engineering Bioinformatics Environmental
Biotechnology
Cell based Aqua Culture & Seri Biotechnology
Therapeutics Marine
Biotechnology
Agriculture Sector

5.4 Value Chain Analysis of Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster

Central Infrastructure and intellectual support system to the Micro, Small, Medium and Large
Industrial Units will create strong supplier base to Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster. It has developed
Labs, plug and play facilities. An individual Startups to make profit, should have support activities
like Firm infrastructure, Human Resource Management, Technology Development and Procurement
and primary activities like inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing, sales and
services as shown in Figure 6. In the Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster the firm infrastructure and
HRM will be called as Infrastructure Interrelationships, Technology Development is called as
Technology Interrelationships, raw material and machinery procurement are called as Procurement
Interrelationships and the inbound logistics, operations and outbound logistics are called as
Production Interrelationships, Finance, Marketing, sales and services are called as Marketing
Interrelationships. Due to the formation of Interrelationships the cost X to X will be reduced and
1 9
the profit / margin [P] will be increased.

10
 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF CHENNAI BIO-TECHNOLOGY CLUSTER

Infrastructure Arrange funds, carry out accounting, compliance, legal (Statutory)

X and payroll functions and perform other general management tasks.
Interrelationships

1
Information resources for discrete activities.
Infrastructure

Human Supervising, Supervising Supervising Supervising Supervis

Resource clearing / training delivery / training ing sales
Management agents, workers job personnel advertising agents-
X training stores workers and employe
2

Margin / Profit P = SP-((FC + VC) – (X + X + .. X ))

and personnel. promotion es

9
personnel
Technology Improve Develop Track New Improve
Interrelationships

Development inventory new delivery to promotional method

2
Technology

X management products / OEMs. material, to track

3
& storing designs and media- product

1
methods cost channels, moveme
effective sales nt off
production promotion the shelf
methods tools
Procurement Transportatio Buy Bio- Transportati Buy space Tools
Interrelationships

X n / Hire degradable on rent at retail for

Procurement

4
containers, materials trucks, etc. counters tracking
etc. sales

Support Transport / Manufacturi Transport Develop Ensure

Activities / raw material / ng / Products to Brand timely
Primary supplies to Processing Large Image delivery
Activities factory / Products Manufactur of re-
warehousing ers order
Outbound
Inbound Operations Marketing Service
Logistics
Logistics X X / Sales X X
5 6 X 8 9
7
Production
Marketing Interrelationships
Interrelationships
Source: Developed by Researcher
Figure 6: Value Chain Analysis of Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster

The Value-Chain Analysis makes the individual Entrepreneur for cost minimization and
profit maximization. This study is based on the value chain concept and integrated approach on
Cluster Development Approach is a major motivating factor and enterprises are keen to accept the
challenge to maximize their profits. Majority of enterprises are moderately satisfied with joint
procurement of raw materials, marketing, production and finance. To conclude, the Value Chain
Analysis of Integrated Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster results in Infrastructure Interrelationships,
Technology Interrelationships, Procurement Interrelationships, Production Interrelationships and
Marketing Interrelationships among Startups / Entrepreneurs under PPP concept with Government of
India and Tamil Nadu.
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6. Conclusion
Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster formation will help new Chemical and Pharmaceutical
Manufacturers in Chennai to avail Infrastructure and Common Facilities. There are 10 steps or 100
days to become startup / entrepreneurs in India or Chennai. The ease of doing business developed by
Government of Tamil Nadu through Single Window Portal will make startups to get clearance within
one month from Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Inspector of factories, Health Department,
Fire Department and Town and Country Planning Department and to get various incentives and
subsidies from Government of Tamil Nadu through Biotechnology Policy 2014, Industrial Policy
2014, MSME Policy 2008 and Government of India Pharma Policy 2017. The Vision and Mission
developed will make the Chennai Bio-Technology Cluster as World Class State of Art Facilities.
Cluster Development Approach will reduce the cost of the product and in turn reduce cost for
Individual Enterprises in manufacturing of Bio-Technology and Pharmaceuticals products which are
all a Biodegradable Material. There is revolution in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries by
application of Biotechnology.

References
[1] . http://ticelbiopark.com/index.html assessed on 6.10.2018

[2] . https://www.tngim.com/focus-sectors/pharmaceutical-and-biotechnology assessed on

7.10.2018

[3] . www.indcom.tn.gov.in assessed on 9.10.2018

[4] . www.sidco.tn.nic.in assessed on 10.10.2018

[5] . Bhaskaran, E., (2011) "The Technical Efficiency of Chennai Auto Industry Cluster," SAE
Technical Paper 2011-28-0100, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-28-0100.

[6] . Bhaskaran,E, (2012), “Technical Efficiency of Automotive Industry Cluster in Chennai”-

Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, Springer, Volume 93, Issue 3, pp
243-49, July 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-012-0029-x

[7] . Bhaskaran,E, (2012), “Lean Manufacturing Auto Cluster at Chennai”, Journal of the
Institution of Engineers (India): Series C Springer India, Volume 93, Issue 4, pp 383-390,
October 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-012-0035-z

[8] . Bhaskaran,E, (2013) “Sustainable Development in Indian Automotive Component

Clusters” Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series C Springer, Volume 94, Issue
1, pp 81-84, January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-012-0039-8

[9] . Bhaskaran,E,, (2013) “The Productivity and Technical Efficiency of Textile Industry
Clusters” Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, Springer, Volume 94,
Issue 3, pp 245-251, July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-013-0073-1

[10] . Bhaskaran,E, (2014) “The Productivity Analysis of Chennai Automotive Industry Cluster
“Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, Springer, Volume 95, Issue 3, pp
239-249, July 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-014-0120-6

12
 [11] . Bhaskaran,E,.(2016) “The Quantitative Analysis of Chennai Automotive Industry Cluster”
Journal of Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, Springer, Volume 97, Issue 3, pp 357–
373,July 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-016-0255-8

[12] . Bhaskaran,E.(2017), " Study of CNSL Processing Plants Located in Cuddalore District of
Tamil Nadu, India", Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, Springer,
Volume 98, Issue 1–2, pp. 115–120, June 2017 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-017-0191-5

[13] . Indian Bio-Technology University, Annual Report, 2013-14 p.1.

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