Court observations – Understanding civil & criminal procedures

Court observations – Civil & Criminal
Observation of Civil Case:

The stages of trial of civil case are as follows:
1. Attendances of Parties
2. Framing of charges
3. Examination of plaintiff witnesses
a. Chief Examination
b. Cross Examination
c. Re-Chief Examination
d. Re-Cross Examination
4. Examination of Defendant Witnesses
a. Chief Examination
b. Cross Examination
c. Re-Chief Examination
d. Re-Cross Examination
5. Arguments
a. Arguments of the plaintiff advocate
b. Arguments of the defendant advocate
6. Judgement
7. Decree
Court Observation:
As part of Court observation, we the students have been instructed to observe the court
proceedings from 14th March 2019 to 23rd March 2019.
On 14th March we went to court and seated in the V additional Metropolitan Magistrate
Court at L.B.Nagar.
Firstly we observed, Exactly at 10:30am Judge will come to his/her position and
commence the court proceedings for that day. The hearings will soon start and the day
at court starts with call work. The bench clerk will be calling each party names as per
the Cause list of that day. The party appears in front of the Hon’ble Judge and if the case
is in the starting stage, they give next date and the parties will go. If not, if party comes
without advocate / counsel they say Pass – over, which means counsel / advocate is
going to come, put my file aside and call me later. This happens VICE – Versa on behalf
of clients’ advocates ask: Kindly Pass Over My Lord, and on behalf of advocates, victims/
Accused / or Plaintiff/ dependants ask Judge or inform the court as Pass over. After the
call work, around 11:30 to 12:00, if there are any Cross Examinations / Arguments /
Witness to be examined in the cases, that would be continued till lunch time. Lunch
time is followed from 2pm to 2:30pm in the courts. After that, again the Bench starts
and hearing arguments or any other matters of the case are taken up as per the stages.
As the matters / proceedings of the court continues, in the criminal courts we have
noticed that about 4pm the Judge generally enquires if there are any cases in the line for
Bail and he needs to hear them. If not, the Hon’ble Judge will continue matters on the
Cause list for that day; till about 5pm each day.
Observation of Civil Matters – Case 1:

The Case came up as we were observing the Court proceedings In Prl. Junior Civil Judge
Court, Ranga Reddy, presided by Smt.T.Madhavi, Principal Junior Civil Judge-cum
Metropolitan Magistrate Cyberabad at L.B Nagar
Case No.: OS/0000552/2016

The case is between
Sri.Y.Pedda Reddy
Versus
R. Ravi Kiran
Stage / Purpose : Cross Examination of Plaintiff
This is a money suit.
On this day 14/3/2019 this case has come up on the cause list. The case has been called
on the bench for proceedings. In continuation of proceedings, on this day the Purpose
of calling this case is Cross examination of Plaintiff by Defendant’s advocate. Both the
Plaintiff and Defendant advocates were present there.
Plaintiff was called up for providing witness. Upon the instructions of the Judge the
bench clerk had the witness take Oath. Defendant’s advocate started asking questions.
He asked Plaintiff,
Q. How do you know Mr. R.Ravi Kiran?
Ans: I have given a sum of Rs. 1, 00,000 to Mr. Ravi Kiran as hand loan; repayable within
a period of one year. A copy of pro note signed by him is attached to my plaint as
exhibit Ex1.
Q. I put it to you, that the alleged promissory note attached to your plaint is a forged
document and not originally signed by Ravi Kiran? What do you have to say
Ans: I disagree, and confirm that it is signed by Mr. Ravi Kiran on 25/6/2015, at the time
of taking money from me.
Then the next date for continuance of proceedings on this case is posted to 25/03/2019.

Case No.: OS/0000455/2012
The case is between

D. Narsing Rao
Versus
Raghavendra nagar Welfare Association
Stage / Purpose : Chief Examination of Plaintiff
This is a suit for deficiency of services.
The case was called on 14/3/2019 to continue with earlier proceedings and our
observations are:
1. Both the Plaintiff and Defendant advocates were present for the case continuation.
2. Chief examination of the plaintiff by his advocate is as below
Q. Are you a member of Raghavendra nagar welfare association?
Ans: Yes
Q. How long you have been member of the association?
Ans: 10 years
Q. What documents do you produce to prove you membership in the association?
Ans: I have monthly maintenance bills/ receipts from the welfare association office;
which are produced along with my plaint as exhibits Ex1 and Ex2.
Q. What is your grievance in connection with this case?
Ans: The association is not maintaining the drinking water and sewerage lines. The
sewerage lines are leaking most of the time causing health issues to our family
members.
The Plaintiff’s chief examination was concluded and the case is posted for next call on
18/3/2019 for conducting cross examination.
The PO/ Steno was taking notes as told by the presiding Judge.

This case is between Smt. M. Sobha and others Versus All Concerned with case No.:
OS/0001426/2015
Stage / Purpose : Judgement
The case was heard by the court and went through all of the process / stages. It is a
Property suit for declaration, to declare the plainiffs as the legal heirs of deceased M.
NarasimhaKumar. On the final hearing Sri P.Vidya Sagar Reddy advocate for the
plaintiff’s and plaintiff’s 1 to 4 were present. Defendant set exparte. Upon the perusal
of the material papers on record and the case having heard, the court delivered the
following judgement.
The suit is decreed by declaring that plaintiffs 1 to 4 as legal hears of M. Narasimha
Kumar and they are also entitled to schedule 1 and 2 in suit schedule properties. The
first plaintiff is wife, second and third plaintiffs are sons and fourth plaintiff is daughter
of late M.NarasimhaKumar.
This case is between G.Mohan and another Versus Mahaveer Builders and another with
case No.: OS/0000305/2014
Stage / Purpose : Chief Examination of Plaintiff
It is observed that the case was posted on 15/3/2019 At request of plaintiff for further
plaintiff evidence, hence it has been called on 15/3/2019. The plaintiff, counsel for
plaintiff was present and filed chief examination affidavit of Pw2 (G. Laxmi Devi). Copies
of the same have been given to other side. The Defendant, their advocate was also
present. On this day chief examination of Pw2 started. She was asked to present the
proof of her identity, and she presented her Adhar card. She was asked how much
advance was paid to Mahaveer Builders? She was asked when she had paid the alleged
advance amount Rs1,50,000 to Mahaveer Builders? She was asked if there was any
proof of her payment and she pointed towards the Ex5, Ex6 attached along with the
plaint.
At the instructions of the Judge the PO/Steno was taking notes. The next date for call is
given on 27-03-2019 for further chief and cross of Pw2.

The Case came up as we were observing the Court proceedings In Prl.District and
Sessions Court, Ranga Reddy, presided by Smt. Y.Renuka, Principal District and Sessions
Judge at L.B Nagar
This case is between P.Vindhya Rani Versus Akram Ali Khan with case No.:
OS/0000753/2006
Stage / Purpose : Additional Chief Examination of Plaintiff
This is a land encroachment/eviction case. The proceedings have been going on for
some days. As per the next call date this case has come up on bench for next
proceedings on 18/3/2019. Plaintiff, Defendant, Their Advocates are all present.
Plaintiff’s advocate is doing Additional Chief examination. He asked the PW1 to tell how
much land she had, to which she answered 7 acres and now it is encroached by several
people. He further asked, How much land is encroached? She answered 3 acres and 20
guntas under multiple survey numbers; further added there are no encroachments in
survey number 300 out of all the land she has under different survey numbers. Next,
she was asked if she had gotten any commissioner report on the land to know the exact
status of encroachment, her answer was No.
Since the land is spread across multiple survey numbers and to know the exact status to
date, it has been ordered to appoint a commissioner and get a commissioner report with
exact picture of how much of the total land is encroached as of date, how much is left
and under which survey numbers. The case has been posted for next call on 1/4/2019.
The Case came up as we were observing the Court proceedings in Principal Senior Civil
Judge Court, Ranga Reddy, presided by Smt.Shoukath Jahan Siddique
Principal Senior Civil Judge at L.B.Nagar
Case No.: OS/0000877/2013
This case is between
Smt. Laxmi and Others
Versus
Sri.V.Hariya and Others
Stage : Decree / Disposal of Case
This suit was filed towards the specific performance of contract.
It was understood that the following stages of proceedings were already completed:
a) Framing of issues
b) Summons to the Defendants
c) Examination / Cross of all parties
d) Arguments on both sides
The proceedings observed on 22/3/2019 were:
The decree is awarded as follows:
In the result, suit is decreed with cost directing the defendants 1 and 2 to register the
sale deed in favour of the plaintiffs 1 to 3 in pursuance of the sale agreement cum GPA
doc.no.2050/12 dt.21-05-2012 within two months failing which the plaintiffs are at
liberty to get the registered sale deed through court by filing execution petition.
The case was therefore disposed.
Sessions Court, Ranga Reddy, presided by Sri.V.Venkata Seshu Babu II Addl District
Judge, at L.B Nagar
case No.: OS/0000738/2012
N.Shankar
Versus
D.Natraj Shekhar
Stage / Purpose : Issue of summons
Back ground: The Defendant is a property dealer and plaintiff approached him for
purchase of a plot. After taking an advance of Rs 1,00,000; defendant denied sale of
property and is trying to sell the same property to another party. Hence this suit is filed
for specific performance.
We observed the following proceedings on 21/3/2019:
1. When the case was called plaintiff present
2. Defendant called absent
3. Advocate for defendant also called absent
4. No memo has been filed
5. At the request of plaintiff’s advocate summons were issued to defendant to appear
before this court on 4/4/2019.
This case is posted for further proceedings on 4/4/2019.
Judge, at L.B Nagar
case No.: OS/0000877/2013
J.Vasantha
Versus
Ch.Ram Reddy and others
Stage / Purpose : Cross Examination of Plaintiff
This is a partition suit filed for partition of a plot, against 4 brothers and 2 sisters.
We observed the following on 19/3/2019.
1. The Advocate for D1 thru D4 who filed vakalat is Ushi Reddy. He has conducted
cross examination of Plaintiff as below:
Q. What is your claim before this court?

Ans: My claim is towards 1/7th share in my fathers’ plot that he was still having at the
time of his death.
Q. Are you daughter of Jana Reddy and Rukkamma?
Ans: No, I am daughter of Jana Reddy and Sattamma, his second wife
Q. On what grounds you are claiming the share in the property of Jana Reddy?
Ans: Being the legal daughter of Jana Reddy, I claim the said share.
Q. Why the claim towards your share in the plot owned by Jana Reddy was not made
earlier, i.e., during his life time?
Ans: During my child hood, my father partitioned and gave plots to my brothers; he
retained one 300 sq yards plot for his own usage. After demise of my father, I am
claiming my legitimate share in his property.
The case is next posted for 2/4/2019 for continuation of further proceedings.

Judge, at L.B Nagar
Case No.: OP/0000188/2018
This is partition suit.
This case is between Ram Devi and others Versus Somappa
Stage/Purpose: Cross Examination of P2
On this day 22/3/2019 we observed the following:
The Advocates for Plaintiff and Defendant are present for the call.
Mrs. Uma Devi P-2 was supposed to be appeared in the court for giving witness.
Instead, one Mr. Veeresham has appeared before the court to give witness on behalf of
Mrs. Uma Devi, citing that he is GPA holder for Uma Devi. On granting permission by the
Hon’ble Judge, Mr. Veeresham was cross examined by Defendant’s advocate as below.
The witness Veeresham is administered oath.
Q1. Please tell for the court who you are?
Ans: I am Veeresham retired as RTO, living near TV tower, Malakpet, giving witness on
behalf of P-2.
Q2. How do you know Uma Devi?
Ans: Uma devi, P2 in this case is my sister
Q3. Do you also know the Defendant in this case, Mr. Somappa?
Ans: Yes, he is Father-in-law of my sister Uma Devi
Q5. Is Uma Devi literate?
Ans: She is educated till 10th; she has completed her 10th grade.
Q6. Why are you here in place of Uma Devi?
Ans: GPA given by umadevi, in that capacity I am giving evidence,
Q7. Is the GPA given to you by Uma Devi registered?
Ans: No, it is not registered GPA
The case has been posted for next hearing on 26/3 to continue the proceedings of Cross
examination.
Judge, at L.B Nagar
Case No.: OS/0000119/2011
This is case of land dispute where defendant allegedly encroached land belonging to
HMT Housing society.
This case is between HMT Housing society Versus T.J.Prakash with
Stage / Purpose : Cross Examination of Defendant
The proceedings observed on 22/3/2019 were:
The witness DW-1 was administered oath.
The advocate from Plaintiff side started cross examination of defendant as follows:
Q1. Please tell for this court, who you are and how you are related with the HMT
Housing society?
Ans: Myself T.J.Prakash purchased a plot from Mr.Deshmukh, situated in HMT Housing
society and became owner of the plot in HMT Housing society; Hence became a member
of the society.
Q2. What is the size of your plot when you purchased?
Ans: 355 Sq yards
Q3. Are all the plots in the society of the same size?
Ans: No; All plots in the society are 455 Square yards except my plot is 355 Square yards.
Q4. Why is your plot different in size?
Ans: A nala was proposed adjacent to my plot and hence this plot size got reduced to
355 square yards.
Q5. Have you made any construction in the plot?
Ans: I have built a dwelling house and along side two Shops.
Q6. Is the house and shops self occupied?
Ans: House is self occupied and shops were let out.
Q7. Has the proposed nala constructed adjacent to your plot?
Ans: No, The society land falls under multiple survey numbers; Survey no. 268 belong to
Malkajgiri municipality. Survey no.s 465, 466 belong to Kapra municipality. The nala is
not constructed for un known reasons.
Q8. Would it be correct to say, while constructing the house and shops you have gone
beyond your boundary limits and encroached the land of society?
Ans: No; I did not encroach into society land and the entire construction is made within
my plot boundary limits.
Q9. I put it to you that you are giving a false statement in answer to Question no. 8
above, what do you have to say?
Ans: I disagree
At this stage the cross examination being incomplete, at the request of both the parties
the next hearing of this case is posted to 26/3/2019.
Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 1:

This Case came up as we were observing the Court proceedings In the court of Principal
Senior Civil Judge Court, Ranga Reddy Presided by :Sri.P.Raju IX Addl.Senior Civil Judge
This case is between PS Chaithanyapuri Versus Mettu Manish Reddy alias Manish and
another with Case Number :SC/0000453/2016
Stage / Purpose : Hearing / Consideration of charges
This case was listed on the cause list for 14/3/2019 and hence it is called on the bench
for proceedings. The accused A1, A2 are called present. The case is going through
hearing stage, the accused are to be explained of charges against them.
Judge examined U/s 228 of Cr.P.C explained and read over to them of the charge sheet.
Charges are framed U/sec 307,332,337 of IPC and Sec.181 of MV Act.
The accused A1 and A2 are asked how they to these charges against them; A1, A2
pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.
All of this was documented by the PO / assistant on the Judge’s bench. The case was
posted for 20/3/2019 for next steps and further proceedings.

This case is between PS Narsingi Versus K.Dinesh with Case Number :

SC/0000814/2016
Stage / Purpose : For Arguments
The mentioned case came up for proceedings on the bench. The Defendant K.Dinesh,
his advocate, Public Prosecutor, Assistant Public Prosecutor were all present when the
case was called for. The court has heard this case on earlier calls and it came up to the
stage to present Arguments by the Defendant’s advocate. The accused on this case is
charged u/sec 366 and 307 of Indian Penal Code, 1860.
The Accused / Defendant’s advocate provided argument that the De-facto complainant
in this case is not a small child and major by age and has willfully travelled with the
accused from Gachibowli to Kokapet on his bike, which is more than 5 kms of distance
and it takes 20 to 30 minutes to cover such distance in the traffic and that there were
several signal lights on the road and police present through the way; had she not wanted
to go, she could have found a way to get away from him. Hence he submitted that it
doesn’t account to Kidnap and requested the charges under Sec 366 be dropped against
his client. He further provided argument that there is no proof that she was grievously
hurt; doctors report mention that she was poked with a blade in the back and hence
cannot be called as attempt to murder; Therefore he requested that the charges u/sec
307 against his client be dropped.
This case is between PS Uppal Versus Talapati Raju with Case Number :
SC/0000911/2017
Stage / Purpose : Hearing / Consideration of charges
This case was listed on the cause list for 15/3/2019 and hence it is called on the bench
for proceedings. The accused Talapati Raju was presented to the court through Jail
escort. The case is going through hearing / consideration of charges stage, the accused
is to be explained of charges against him.
Judge asked if the accused raped the girl and if he knew that she was minor? To which
he responded, he doesn’t know anything and police has brought him here. He denied of
committing any offence. Judge examined U/s 228 of Cr.P.C explained and read over to
them of the charge sheet. He has been charged of committing crime U/sec 370, 370-A of
IPC and Sec 3 to 5 of PITA Act . The case was posted for next call on 18/4/2019. All of this
was documented by the PO / assistant on the Judge’s bench.

Court observations – Understanding civil & criminal procedures

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Court observations – Civil & Criminal

Observation of Civil Case:

Observation of Civil Matters – Case 1:

Case No.: OS/0000552/2016

Observation of Civil Matters – Case 2:

Case No.: OS/0000455/2012

The case is between

Observation of Civil Matters – Case 3:

Observation of Civil Matters – Case 5:

Q. What is your claim before this court?

Observation of Civil Matters – Case 9:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 1:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 2:

This case is between PS Narsingi Versus K.Dinesh with Case Number :

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 5:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 6:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 7:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 8:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 9:

Observation of Criminal Matters – Case 10:

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