HIT QUESTIONS/ ANSWERS

Q1) Reason for Call Drop

Ans.)
1) Poor Rx Level.
2) Poor Rx Quality.
3) Handover Failure
4) Interference.
5) Power Budget (Mobile can not transmit with enough power ).
6) Hardware issues (like TRx is faulty or disconnection in TRx) .

Q2) Reason for Handover

Ans.)
1) Poor Rx level
2) Poor Rx Quality.
3) Offloading due to congestion.
4) Interference (in this case, intracell handover takes place) .
5) Power Budget ( Mobile can not transmit with enough power ).

Q3) Reason for Handover Failure

Ans.)
1) Neighbor relations not defined.
2) Timer T3124 expires.
3) Threshold not properly defined. (improper threshold level)
4) Hardware issues ( like TRx is faulty or disconnection in TRx) .
5) Congestion.

Q4) What are the main functions of SDCCH?

Ans.)
1) Call set-up and its Authentication.
2) Ciphering initiation.
3) SMS (Short Messages Sending)
4) Location Updation.
Q5) What are the main functions of SACCH?

Ans.)
1) Uplink Measurement Reports.
2) Downlink Timing Advance .
3) Downlink Power Control Information

Q6) What are the Error Correction processes?

Ans.)
1) Equalization
2) Interleaving
3) Channel Coding

Q7) What is the Modulation Technique used in GSM?

Ans.)
1) GMSK Modulation
(Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying)

Q8) How can we reduce Co-channel interference?

Ans.)
1) Frequency Hopping
2) DTx mode operation

Q9) What are the factors responsible for interference?

Ans.) We know that Rx Quality is affected due to the combined affect of Rx Level &
Interference. So, if Rx quality is poor and also Rx Level is good, this means that strong
Interference is there
Q10) Why Rx Level is in negative? What is its unit?

Ans.) We know that:

Power (in Watt) = 10 log10(P).
Since available power is in mill watts so
10 log10(P/10^3)
= 10 log10(P*10^-3)
= -3*10 log10(P)
= Rx Level in negative.

Q11) What is Drive Test? Why it is done?

Ans.)
1) To analyze for the call drops.
2) Reason for Handover failures
3) Find Coverage Holes.
4) Interference Regions and there reasons.
In general, we do Drive Test to check Network Performance and analyze the areas having
problem so as to go through Optimization process.

Q12) Types of Drive Tests?

Ans.)
1) New Site Drive Test (Coverage Drive)
2) Bench-marking Drive Test (Comparative Drive)
3) Migration Drive Test (Night activity and Software Up-gradation)
4) Roaming Drive Test.

Q13) What are the windows one see, while doing Drive Test?

Ans.)
1) Current Channel
2) Radio Parameter
3) Serving + Neighbor GSM
4) C/ I
5) SQI Line Chart
Q14) What are the parameters present in Current Channel Window?

Ans.)
1) Cell Name
2) CGI ( MCC, MNC, LAC, CI)
3) Cell GPRS Support
4) BCCH ARFCN
5) TCH ARFCN
6) BSIC
7) Time Slot
8) Band
9) Channel Type
10) Channel Mode
11) Speech Codec
12) Ciphering Algorithm
13) Hopping Channel
14) Hopping Frequency
15) MAIO
16) HSN

Q15) What are the parameters present in Radio Parameter window?

Ans.)
1) Rx Level
2) Rx Quality
3) FER (Frame Eraser Rate)
4) BER Actual (Bit Eraser Rate)
5) SQI (Speech Quality Index)
6) C/ I Worst
7) MS Power Control Level
8) RL Timeout Counter
9) MS Behavior Modified
10) DTx - Discontinuous Transmission.
11) TA – Timing Advance
Q16) What are the tools used for Drive Test?

1) T.E.M.S. (e.g. 6.0, 7.1 Versions)

2) Dongle
3) Sony Ericsson MS. ( W600i, K790i, T610)
4) GPS (Global Positioning System)
5) Laptop
6) U.P.S. (for charging while doing Drive Test)