Docente: Jhon Alexander Mora Luna Asignatura Inglés Tenth Grade First Period, English Topics

DOCENTE: JHON ALEXANDER MORA LUNA
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Tenth grade
First period, English
Topics
 Simple present
 Simple past
 Future tenses
 Used to
 Since-for
 Basic connectors
Logros
 Muestro una actitud respetuosa y tolerante cuando escucho a otros.
 Hago inferencias a partir de la información en un texto.
 Puedo expresarme con la seguridad y confianza propios de mi personalidad.
 Participo espontáneamente en conversaciones sobre temas de mi interés utilizando un

lenguaje claro y sencillo.
SIMPLE PRESENT
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
The "simple present" is used:
 To express habits and routines, general facts, repeated actions or situations, emotions and
desires permanent:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (residence); London is a large city (general fact)
 To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
 Scheduled to speak, present or future events:
Your exam starts at 09.00.
SPELLING RULES
Most of the verbs take –s in third person singular (he, she it)
Add the s just in affirmative sentences, and just when the subject is third person singular (he, she
it).
 The verbs that end in: -ss , -sh, -ch, -x, -o you add an –es.
miss - misses
finish - finishes
watch - watches
mix - mixes
go – goes
 When the verbs ends in a consonant + y, you drop y and instead you write i and add es.
study- studies
cry- cries
 When the verbs ends in a vowel + y, you add s.
play- plays
say- says
FORMS
Affirmative: to form an affirmative sentence with third person singular you have to think in the
spelling rules.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Subject + verb in infinitive+ complement.
Negative: to form negative sentences we use auxiliaries DO with (I, you, we and they) and DOES
with (she, he and it).
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

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Question: To form a question sentence you use first the auxiliary but each auxiliary depends on the
subject. Remember the verb has to be in infinitive.
Auxiliary+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Choose the correct form.
1. We sometimes read/reads books.

2. Emily go/goes to the disco.
3. It often rain/rains on Sundays.
4. Pete and his sister wash/washes the family car.
5. I always hurry/hurries to the bus stop.
Put the verbs into the correct form.
1. I (like) ______________ lemonade very much.

2. The girls always (listen) ______________ to pop music.
3. Janet never (wear) ______________ jeans.
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4. Mr. Smith (teach) ______________ Spanish and French.
5. You (do) ______________ your homework after school.
Fill in the correct form of the verbs.
1. We (have) ______________ a nice garden.

2. She (be) ______________ six years old.
3. Simon (have) ______________ two rabbits and five goldfish.
4. I (be) ______________ from Vienna, Austria.
5. They (be) ______________ Sandy's parents.
Make negative sentences.
My father makes breakfast. → _________________________________________

They are eleven. → _________________________________________________
She writes a letter. → ________________________________________________
I speak Italian. → ___________________________________________________
Danny phones his father on Sundays. → ________________________________
Make questions.
you / to speak / English → ____________________________________________

when / he / to go / home → ___________________________________________
they / to clean / the bathroom → _______________________________________
where / she / to ride / her bike → _______________________________________
Billy / to work / in the supermarket → ____________________________________
Write an article in present simple based on this headline.
Nuquí
This destination in the Colombian Pacific is enclosed by the jungle to keep as a treasure and
singing animals, the roar of the waves and the rustling of leaves swaying in the wind are a gift.
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Based on this image write sentences.
NUQUÍ
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SIMPLE PAST
The "simple past" is always used to refer to when something happened, so that is associated with
certain temporal expressions that indicate:
Frequency: Often, sometimes and always
 Sometimes I walked home at lunchtime.

 Often I brought my lunch to school.
A certain time: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
 We saw a good film last week.

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 Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
 She finished her work at seven o'clock
 I went to the theater last night
Indefinitely: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in caves a long time ago.
 She played the piano when she was a child.
FORMS
There are three forms in the simple past.
Affirmative:
Subject + verb in simple past+ complement.
Negative: to form negative sentences we use the auxiliary DID with all the subjects (I, you, she, he,
it, we and they).
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Question: To form a question sentence you use first the auxiliary. Remember the verb has to be in
infinitive.
Auxiliary+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Complete the sentences in simple past.
1. Our company (start)___________ business in 1995.

2. We (order) ___________ the goods two months ago.
3. I (send) ___________ you the letter last week.
4. We (receive) ___________ your order yesterday.
5. The postman (come) ___________ in, (give) ___________ me the documents and (leave)
___________ .
6. When I (arrive) ___________ , Anne was talking on the phone.
7. I (get / not) ___________ your letter yesterday.
8. Mister O'Brian (be / not) ___________ in the office last week.
9. (Sarah / go) ___________ to the trade fair on Thursday?
10. (you / ring) ___________ me ten minutes ago?
Write positive sentences in simple past.
he / the question / answer _____________________________________________

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you / a question / ask ________________________________________________
the dog / bark ______________________________________________________
they / us / call ______________________________________________________
we / a mountain / climb _______________________________________________
John / stamps / collect _______________________________________________
we / in London / live _________________________________________________
I / hungry / be ______________________________________________________
they / a hamster / have _______________________________________________
he / to school / go ___________________________________________________
Rewrite the sentences in the negative.
They collected postcards. → __________________________________________

They did not collect postcards. _________________________________________
You jumped high. → _________________________________________________
Albert played squash. → ______________________________________________
The teacher tested our English. → ______________________________________
Fiona visited her grandma. → __________________________________________
He washed the car. → _______________________________________________
You were thirsty. → __________________________________________________
He had a computer. → _______________________________________________
I bought bread. → ___________________________________________________
You saw the house. →________________________________________________
Write questions in simple past.
Anna / the window / open: Did Anna open the window?

she / home / walk ___________________________________________________
you / in the garden / work _____________________________________________
you / a song / sing ___________________________________________________
she / on a chair / sit __________________________________________________
you / the castle / visit _________________________________________________
Jenny / the door / lock ________________________________________________
she / happy / be ____________________________________________________
Greg / the ball / kick _________________________________________________
the car / at the corner / stop___________________________________________
NUQUÍ
This is a land of peace, one that pays homage to the name of the sea that bathes its beaches
although it crispe and become waves. Far from it, disconnect from the outside forces and thus
sharpen the senses to feel the vibrations of nature.
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There are various accommodation options ranging from Nuquí eco lodges, hotels with plans to
supply included. You can also enjoy the innumerable food Chocuana undoubtedly one of the finest
in our Colombian geography, because it has all the flavors of the Pacific.
While in Nuquí can enjoy activities such as the "snorkeling" or free diving, surfing, canoeing,
climbing and fishing, they also know the hot springs are located about 250 meters from the beach,
Natural Park Utría Cove.
Strong winds from the Pacific Ocean produce the best waves for surfing. Nuquí has the luck of
having their coasts on this immense sea, which has become a very attractive place for athletes from
around the world.
Under the water, the atmosphere is filled with color: shoals of fish, dolphins, turtles, and even
humpback whales, which arrive to the Colombian Pacific coast between July and October. This
wealth of marine life makes whale watching and fishing (controlled) are two of the activities
preferred by travelers. During a fishing, fish can be obtained as dorado, sailfish, blue marlin,
different tuna, saws, snapper and brave.
Rewrite two paragraphs in simple past.

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Write an email to your friend telling him how was your experience in Nuquí and invite him to
visit it.
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FUTURE TENSES
“The future tense” is used to tell what "will" happen, or what "shall" happen.
EXAMPLE:
 I will go to the beach next month.

 I shall write the letter next week.
The future tense is also used to express wonder or probability in the present state.
EXAMPLE:
 Who will be she?

 He will travel alone.
For actions that will occur in the near future, the present tense is more commonly used.
EXAMPLE:
 Tonight I'm going to the movies.
Further in the future, use the future tense.
EXAMPLE:
 Next year I will go to Spain.
FORMS
There are three forms in the future tense.
Affirmative:
Subject + will+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Subject + shall+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Negative:
Subject+ will+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement
Subject+ shall+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement
Subject+ won’t+ verb in infinitive+ complement

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Question: There two types of question an affirmative and a negative.
Affirmative question: Will+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Shall+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Negative question: Will+not+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.
Write positive sentences in will Future.
1. We (help)_______________ you.
2. I (get) _______________ you a drink.
3. I think our team (win) _______________ the match.
4. Maybe she (do) _______________ a language course in Malta.
5. I (buy) _______________ the tickets.
6. Perhaps she (do) _______________ this for you.
7. Maybe we (stay) _______________ at home.
8. She hopes that he (cook) _______________ dinner tonight.
9. I’m sure they (understand) _____________________ your problem.
10. They (go / probably) _______________ to the party.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write negative sentences in will future.
(I / answer / the question) __________________________________________
(she / read / the book) _____________________________________________
(they / drink / beer) _______________________________________________
(we / send / the postcard) __________________________________________
(Vanessa / catch / the ball) _________________________________________
(James / open / the door) __________________________________________
(we / listen / to the radio) ___________________________________________
(they / eat / fish) __________________________________________________
(she / give / him / the apple) ________________________________________
(the computer / crash) _____________________________________________
Write questions in will future.
(you / ask / him) __________________________________________________
(Jenny / lock / the door) ____________________________________________
(it / rain) ________________________________________________________
(the teacher / test / our English) _____________________________________
(what / they / eat) _________________________________________________
(when / she / be / back) ____________________________________________
(who / drive / us / into town) _________________________________________
(where / we / meet) _______________________________________________
(when / I / be / famous) ____________________________________________
(what / you / do)__________________________________________________
Write positive sentences in going to future.
1. I / work - I am going to work

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2. you / dance - ____________________________________________________
3. it / rain - ________________________________________________________
4. they / ask - ______________________________________________________
5. he / stays - ______________________________________________________
6. we / speak - _____________________________________________________
7. I / give - ________________________________________________________
8. she / try - _______________________________________________________
9. they / help - _____________________________________________________
10. he / push -_______________________________________________________
Write how would your life be if you lived here.
TERQUITO BEACH
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USED TO
FORM
[used to + VERB]
Example:
 I used to go to the beach every day.
It is better not to use "used to" in questions or negative forms; however, this is sometimes done in
informal spoken English. It is better to ask questions and create negative sentences using Simple
Past.
USE 1 Habit in the Past
"Used to" expresses the idea that something was an old habit that stopped in the past. It indicates
that something was often repeated in the past, but it is not usually done now.
EXAMPLES:
 Jerry used to study English.
 Sam and Mary used to go to Mexico in the summer.
 I used to start work at 9 o'clock.
 Christine used to eat meat, but now she is a vegetarian.
USE 2 Past Facts and Generalizations
"Used to" can also be used to talk about past facts or generalizations which are no longer true.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
EXAMPLES:
 I used to live in Paris.

 Sarah used to be fat, but now she is thin.
 George used to be the best student in class, but now Lena is the best.
 Oranges used to cost very little in Florida, but now they are quite
Match
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Complete the sentences.
Complete the sentences with the affirmative, negative or interrogative form

of used to and the words in brackets. Use contractions where possible.
used to /didn't use to/ didn't use to/ Did they use to/ used to/ did you use to /
didn't use to/ used to
David Beckham____________________play for Manchester United.

We _______________________have a computer, but we do now.
___________________________________(they) work together?
That restaurant _____________________________be a clothes shop.
She _____________________like him, but now they're married.
Where ____________________________(you) go to school?
There ________________________be a police station here.
I ________________________________like vegetables, but I do now.
Make an affirmative sentence, negative sentence or question using ‘used to + infinitive':
1) I / live in a flat when I was a child.

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2) We / go to the beach every summer?
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3) She / love eating chocolate, but now she hates it
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4) He / not / smoke
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5) I / play tennis when I was at school
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6) She / be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all
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7) He / play golf every weekend?
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8) They both / have short hair
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9) Julie / study Portuguese
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10) I / not / hate school
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Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
Imagine that is not the same, rewrite the following text using “used to”.
CAPURGANÁ
This exotic bay is surrounded by rainforest and is known for its crystal clear sea, preserved coral
reefs ideal for diving, jungle waterfalls and trails for nature walks.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Capurganá has humid tropical climate, most days of the year. with approximate temperatures of 20-
34 degrees.
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______________________________________________________Now you live here write how
used to be your life.
CAPURGANÁ
AFFIRMATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
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NEGATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
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QUESTION
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
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ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
SINCE-FOR
The use of FOR
We use For when we measure the duration – when we say how long something lasts.
For + a period of time

To measure a period of time up to the present, we use the present perfect tense and not the
present tense.
 I have known her for a long time. (Correct)
I know her for a long time. (Incorrect)
 I have lived here for ten years. (Correct)
I live here for ten years. (Incorrect)
The present tense with For refers to a period of time that extends into the future.
 How long are you here for? (Until when)
 How long have you been here for? (Since when)
In reality, we can use all verb tenses with For.

USES OF FOR
Example sentence Verb Tense
They exercise for two hours every day. Present tense
They are exercising for three hours today. Present continuous
He has lived in Moscow for a long time. Present perfect
He has been living in Turin for three
Present perfect continuous
months.
I worked at the service station for five years. Past tense
He will be in hospital for at least a week. Future tense
However, we don't use For with expressions such as all day or all the time.

 I was there all day. (Correct)
 I was there for all day. (Incorrect)
The use of SINCE

Since gives the starting point of actions, events or states. It refers to when things began.
Since + a point in time (in the past), until now.

 I've been waiting since 7 o'clock.
 I have known him since January.
With since we use the present perfect tense or the past perfect tense.
 I have been here since 5 o'clock and I am getting tired.
 I had been working since 5 o'clock and I was getting tired.
Since can also be used in the structure It has been + period of time + since.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 It has been two months since I last saw her.
 It has been three years since the last earthquake.
For vs. Since
Knowing when to use FOR and when to use SINCE is important. Therefore it is useful to look at a

summary of the contrast between FOR and SINCE.
FOR to mention a specific period (or SINCE to mention the starting point of a period of
duration) of time. time (continues to now).
I have been a doctor for fifteen years.
I have been a doctor since 1992. (starting point = 1994)
(duration = 15 years)
She has been a mother for six months. She has been pregnant since her first child was born.
My sister has lived in Frankfurt for nine My sister has lived in Frankfurt since the beginning of
months. March.
Both For and Since are most commonly used with the perfect tense - we don't use these
expressions in the present tense.
Correct Incorrect
I have learnt Russian for three years. I learn Russian for three years.
They have taught geography since last year. They teach geography since last year.
He has owned his dog since his cat died. He owns his dog since his cat dies.
While we can use For in the simple past tense we can't use Since in the simple past
tense. Since can only be used in the perfect tense.
Correct Incorrect
She went to Japan for three years. She went to Japan since 2003.
I studied in New Zealand for one month. I studied in New Zealand since one month.
He walked his dog for four hours. He walked his cat since four hours.
It should be remembered that both For and Since have other meanings in English that are not
associated with time.
 This is for you.
 Is this the train for London?
 Since you asked, I'll say yes.
 Since he didn't study he didn't pass the exam.
Now fill the gaps with FOR or SINCE.
1. I have been living in New York _________ 1 year.

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2. I haven't seen you _______ a week.
3. I have been waiting _______12:30.
4. I've lived here _______ 5 years.
5. I've lived here _______ 2003.
6. _______ she came here I've been very nervous.
7. She has been married _______ ten years.
8. She has been a doctor _______ 1998.
9. I have been living in Valencia _______ last June.
10. I haven't seen you _______ last week.
11. Yesterday I studied _______ three hours.
12. She has been studying English _______ two months.
13. She has been studying English _______ last January.
14. She has been studying English _______ 12.00.
15. She has been studying English _______ your birthday.
16. She has been studying English _______two hours.
17. She has been studying English _______ six minutes.
18. She has been studying English _______ a long time,
19. I've been working here _______ the last two years.
20. I have loved you _______ the first time I saw you.
Since or for – Choose the correct answer.
1. Since / For Easter

2. Since / For two weeks
3. Since / For my birthday
4. Since / For last summer
5. Since / For 1999
6. Since / For ten days
7. Since / For a few minutes
8. Since / For 1st April
9. Since / For a long time
10. Since / For 6 o'clock
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write the words in the correct square.
FOR half an hour
January
SINCE three weeks
8 o’clock
FOR AND SINCE

Christmas
2001
Based on this image write sentence with FOR-SINCE.
last year
the summer
five minutes
I started here.
last winter
a long time
POOLten
OFmonths
THE GODS
a couple of years
May 10
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
AFFIRMATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
____________________________________________________3.__________________________
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NEGATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
____________________________________________________3.__________________________
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QUESTION
1.________________________________________________________________2.____________
____________________________________________________3.__________________________
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BASIC CONNECTORS
Connectors
A connector is a word that is used to join words or sentences.

And, as well as, but, or, yet, nevertheless, however, so that, as long as, while, until, as if,
because, when, after, though, before.
A boy and a girl

An elephant and a giraffe
A toy or a book
The music was loud nevertheless it was enjoyable.

Types of connectors
Coordinating conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions join together clauses of equal importance. Some examples of

coordinating conjunctions are - and, but, or.
Use of 'and'
“And' is used as a conjunction when the words or phrases are of equal importance and both
conditions exist. Other words that can be used in place of and are: moreover, in addition to, along
with, plus, as well as, further more.
EXAMPLES: Tom and Harry play hockey.

A lion and a fox live in this cave.
We need some gloves and a ball in addition to bats.
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The soldiers rose moreover they cheered the leader.
We found the thief along with the bags.
The gurgling stream along with the howling wind added to the charm of the place.
Use of 'but'
The conjunction 'but' is used to show a contradiction between two phrases. Let's say the first phrase
leads you to expect a certain event and the second phrase tells you quite a contradictory outcome.
In such an event, but, is used. Other words like: nevertheless, yet, however, can be used in place
of 'but'.
EXAMPLES: He ran, but he missed the bus.

She studied hard but could not score well in the test.
The hill was very steep but the old man could climb it easily.
Sharon fell from the horse nevertheless she did not cry.
The lion was hungry yet it did not attack Androcles.
He is from England however he speaks Chinese very well.
Use of 'Or'
When we need to express a choice between two words or phrases we use 'or'. Here only one of the
two conditions exists.
EXAMPLE: Would you take a cup of tea or coffee?

Shall we buy a book or a toy?
Sit on the bench or on the grass.
Are you tired or shall we go out for a walk?
We can learn to talk English or we can depend on sign language.

Correlative conjunctions
Conjunctions used in pairs are correlative conjunctions

Either..... or Either Peter or John has taken the book.
Neither.....nor It is neither hot nor tasty.
Both.....and My sister is both smart and intelligent.
Whether..... or Tell me whether you know the route or not.
Not only..... but also Not only is she stupid but also stubborn.
Compound conjunctions
Compound conjunctions are groups of words that behave like conjunctions. In order that, on
condition that, provided that, as soon as.
Conjunction Usage
In order that I bought all the books in order that you may study
On condition The teacher excused him on condition that he would not repeat that
the mistake.
Even if Sarah would not marry him even if he proposed to her.
So that I kept away my work so that I could spend time with my daughters
Provided that You can take leave provided that you work overtime later
As though Rex behaves as though he is the boss.
As well as Monica as well as veronica was present there
As soon as Mr. Ford plans to pay off his loan as soon as he gets his bonus.
As if It looks as if there is going to be a storm.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Subordinating conjunction
A subordinating conjunction joins a clause to another on which it depends for its full meaning. The
chief subordinating conjunctions are after, because, if, that, though, although, till, before,
unless.
EXAMPLE:
I will not go to the market if it rains.
The situation 'I will not go to the market' is dependant on the condition 'if it rains'.
You could go and play after you have done the dishes.
King Midas was unhappy because his daughter turned to gold.
You must dig the earth till you find water
Choose the right conjunctions: so, and, but, because, then to complete the following
sentences in English.
1. I couldn't sleep ______________ there was a party next door.

2. I phoned all my friends ________________ invited them to come to my house.
3. It was very cold outside,_____________ I put on my warmest clothes.
4. We couldn't go out ________________ the weather was so bad.
5. He looked through the window for a minute or two, ___________ went inside.
6. We didn't have any money _____________ we couldn't go to a restaurant.
7. He closed all the doors and windows, and ____________ he left the house.
8. I was feeling very tired, ______________ I went to bed very early.
9. Betty is usually on time, ______________ tonight she arrived half an hour late.
10 I couldn't buy anything ___________ I forgot my wallet.
Fill in the gaps with the right English conjunctions either: or or nor.
1. I didn't have another book, _____ was it light enough to read.
2. Will you have tea ______ coffee?
3. There is neither bread ____ flour in this shop.
4. You must work harder, ____ you will never pass your examinations.
5. Either you ______ I must do it.
6. Do you prefer going to the theatre ________ the cinema?
7. I didn't want to do it, ______ had I the time.
8. Buy some apples _______ some pears.
9. You can go this way ______ that way.
10. Neither he ______ I know how to do it.
Rewrite the sentences using the paired conjunctions given in brackets.

Make any necessary changes.
Example:
Tom doesn't lie to his friends. Paul doesn't either.
(neither...nor) Neither Tom nor Paul lie to their friends.
1. Fred likes helping his friends. So does Linda.

(both...and) _______________________________________________________ .
2. Harry used to date Ann. Or was it Helen?

(either...or) ______________________________________________________ .
3. We should learn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
(not only...but also) ________________________________________________ .
4. He never listens to or advises his friends when they have a problem.

(neither...nor) ___________________________________________________ .
5. I've betrayed your trust. I've betrayed your love for me.
(not only...but also) _____________________________________________ .
6. He felt disappointed. He felt misunderstood.

(both...and) ___________________________________________________ .
7. Brian isn't very considerate. Neither is Tom.

(neither...nor) ____________________________________________________ .
8. A true friend is someone who is caring and loving.

(both...and) _____________________________________________________ .
9. Rachel should apologize or leave.

(either...or) _____________________________________________________ .
10. Richard and John didn't keep her secret.

(neither...nor) ___________________________________________________ .

Choose the correct conjunctions.
I like English and/ but I like French very much.

My brother likes maths and/ but he doesn't like history.
The children forgot their homework, or/ so the teacher was angry with them.
Can you read and/ but write English words?
Are the questions right and/ or wrong?
It's great and/but it's fun.
Would you like tea but/or hot chocolate for your breakfast?
Our car is old, but/ so it drives beautifully.
It was very warm, or/so we all went swimming.
Do we have French but/or music after the break?
POOL OF THE GODS
It is located in a rocky area, where the sea hits very strong causing the formation of some wells.
Through its clear waters you can see fishes of various colors and waterfowl in their natural
environment.
to reach this wonderful place you can take the sea or air, departing from Medellin.
Continue writing this text use basic connectors.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Do a draw of the pool of the Gods.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Tenth grade
Second period, English
Topics
 Present progressive
 Past progressive
 Infinitive and gerund
 Verbs
 Prefer
 conditionals
Logros
 Utilizo estrategias adecuadas al propósito y al tipo de texto (activación de conocimientos

previos, apoyo en el lenguaje corporal y gestual, uso de imágenes) para comprender lo que
escucho.
 Valoro la escritura como un medio de expresión de mis ideas y pensamientos, quién soy y
qué sé del mundo.
 Uso estrategias como el parafraseo para compensar dificultades en la comunicación.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE (REVIEW)
The present progressive puts emphasis on the course or duration of an action.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
The present progressive is used for actions going on in the moment of speaking and for actions
taking place only for a short period of time. It is also used to express development and actions that
are arranged for the near future.
Present progressive is also known as present continuous.
Use a form of to be and the infinite verb plus -ing.
Use:
 am with the personal pronoun I

 is with the personal pronouns he, she or it (or the singular form of nouns)
 are with the personal pronouns you, we, they (or the plural form of nouns)
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I I am playing. I am not playing. Am I playing?
he, she, it He is playing. He is not playing. Is he playing?
you, we, You are playing. You are not playing. Are you

they playing?
Tips on how to form negative sentences and questions
In negative sentences, we put not between the form of be and the verb.
In questions, we simply swop the places of subject and the form of be.
Complete the table with the correct forms.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
I I am working.
You You are jumping.
He He is not dreaming.
She Is she sleeping?
It It is snowing.
We Are we singing?
You You are not fighting.
They Are they reading?
Use the words below to make sentences in present progressive.
1. I / to read a book - I am reading a book.

2. it / to rain - ________________________________________________________.
3. he / to repair his bike - ______________________________________________.
4. they / to watch a film - _______________________________________________.
5. the cat /to sleep on the chair - ________________________________________.
6. Jane and Emily / to do their homework - ________________________________.
7. Bill / to wait at the bus stop - ________________________________________.
8. we / to listen to the radio - ___________________________________________.
9. the children / to play a game - ________________________________________.
10.Laura / to walk the dog - _____________________________________________.
Transform the sentences below into negative sentences.
1. I am watching TV. - I am not watching TV.

2. I am talking. - _________________________________________________ .
3. They are drawing. - ____________________________________________ .
4. He is opening the window. - _____________________________________ .
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
5. Angela is cleaning the bathroom. - _________________________________ .
6. We are helping in the garden. - ____________________________________ .
7. You are singing. - _______________________________________________.
8. It is raining. - ____________________________________________________.
9. She is joking. - ___________________________________________________.
10.I am tidying up my room. - ___________________________________________.
Write questions with the words below.
1. Peter / to go / to the cinema - Is Peter going to the cinema?

2. they / to play / a game – _____________________________________________.
3. she / to listen /to the radio – __________________________________________.
4. I / to dream – ______________________________________________________.
5. they / to pack / their bags - ___________________________________________.
6. you / to do / the washing-up – ________________________________________ .
7. we / to talk / too fast – ______________________________________________ .
8. they / to clean / the windows – ________________________________________ .
9. she / to watch / the news – __________________________________________ .
10.you / to pull / my leg - _______________________________________________ .
Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
1. Ashley is going to a restaurant. - Where is Ashley going?

2. Gareth is reading the paper. ___________________________________________ .
3. Stacey is playing in the garden. - ________________________________________ .
4. She is wearing a red dress. – ___________________________________________ .
5. Britney is doing her homework. – ________________________________________ .
6. Mandy is leaving at nine. – _____________________________________________ .
7. Joe is repairing his bike. – ______________________________________________ .
8. Amanda is going out with Dan. – ________________________________________ .
9. They are meeting at two o'clock. – _______________________________________ .
10. Sandy is looking for Phil. -______________________________________________ .
Search information about one of these plates write 6 sentences in present progressive (2
affirmative, 2 negative and 2 questions) and do a draw of the plate chose.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 Stuffed Avocado.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 Seafood Casserole.
 The coconut rice.
 Shrimp Cevice.
Affirmative
1.___________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
2.___________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
Negative
1.___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
2.___________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
Question
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
1.___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________ .
2.___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________ .
Write questions about theplate that your partner chose, he has to answer it.
QUESTIONS:_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
ANSWER:____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ .
QUESTIONS:_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
ANSWER:____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ .
QUESTIONS:_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
ANSWER:____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ .
QUESTIONS:_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ .
ANSWER:____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Read the following information and give a title.
_______________________________________________________________
Like most world cuisines, the Colombian is influenced by the cultures that came to our country in
the time of the conquest in the nineteenth and twentieth century. The Indians who occupied much of
Colombia, were invaded by the Spanish, which resulted in different combinations of cuisine, then
the Africans who were kidnapped from their lands and brought to this continent as slaves to work in
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
the mines and fields, also brought their culture and different cooking skills that gave rise to the
different flavors that have become typical in the different regions of Colombia. Later came the
French and the English whose gastronomy was then applied to all kinds of dishes and ingredients.
The Pacific coast has a wide variety of fish and shellfish such as shrimp, prawns, lobster,
crab,piangua, toyo, turtles, and snails, as well as other ingredients like coconut milk, the
cilantrocimarron, and garlic that make for extremely exquisite dishes, including sweets from
molasses, coconut candies, rice pudding, etc. All these ingredients add the African joy and colors in
their preparations which give the cuisine of the Pacific coast a different taste and a unique flavor.
PAST PROGRESSIVE (REVIEW)
The past progressive puts emphasis on the course of an action in the past.
Form
POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I / he / she / it I was speaking. I was not speaking. Was I speaking?
you / we / You were speaking. You were not speaking. Were you speaking?
they
Exceptions in Spelling
EXCEPTIONS IN SPELLING WHEN ADDING ING EXAMPLE
final e is dropped (but: ee is not changed) come – coming

(but: agree – agreeing)
after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled sit – sitting
l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled (in British English) travel – travelling
final ie becomes y lie – lying

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Use of past progressive
 puts emphasis on the course of an action in the past
EXAMPLE: He was playing football.
 two actions happening at the same time (in the past)
EXAMPLE: While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes.
 action going on at a certain time in the past
EXAMPLE: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
Signal Words of past progressive

 when, while, as long as
Decide whether to use 'was' or 'were'.
1. Boris ________ learning English.

2. They _________ swimming in the lake.
3. Your father _________ repairing the car.
4. I ________ reading a magazine.
5. You _________ packing your bag.
6. My friends __________ watching the match on TV.
7. It _______ raining.
8. The dog ________ barking.
9. The children _________ brushing their teeth.
10. Anne and Maureen _________ singing a song.
Yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an action.

Write positive sentences in past progressive.
1. you / play / cards ______________________________________________ .

2. Alice / walk / around the lake _____________________________________ .
3. Caron / listen / to the radio _______________________________________ .
4. we / read / a book about Australia _________________________________ .
5. Linda / look for / her ring _________________________________________ .
6. Fiona and Sam / visit / the castle __________________________________ .
7. Ben / wash / the car ____________________________________________ .
8. Kim and I / wait / in the park ______________________________________ .
9. My sister / feed / the birds ________________________________________ .
10. Greg and Phil / count / their money _________________________________ .
Somebody believes that yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an
action. That cannot be, however, as yesterday at 3 pm these people were not doing those
things.
Write negative sentences in past progressive.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
1. Sarah and Luke / not / work ________________________________________ .

2. Mister Miller / not / teach / chemistry _________________________________ .
3. Barry / not / drive / a lorry _________________________________________ .
4. Mandy / not / have / lunch _________________________________________ .
5. Albert / not / play / tennis __________________________________________ .
6. Taylor and Bob / not / cycle / home __________________________________ .
7. Annie / not / clean / the table _______________________________________ .
8. Benjamin / not / write / an e-mail ____________________________________ .
9. Jane / not / exercise / in the gym ____________________________________ .
10. Robert / not / buy / flowers ________________________________________ .
You want to know whether the following people were in the middle of an action at a certain
time in the past.
Write questions in past progressive.
1. Rachel / feed / the cat ___________________________________________.

2. the children / paint / a picture _____________________________________ .
3. Clark / repair / his computer ______________________________________ .
4. Hazel / swim / in the pool ________________________________________ .
5. Lucas / have / a shower _________________________________________ .
6. Jason and Aron / run / down the street ______________________________ .
7. Betty / do / her homework ________________________________________ .
8. Cindy and James / make / dinner __________________________________ .
9. Rebecca / watch / Star Trek ______________________________________ .
10. Anita and Linda / sit / in the kitchen ________________________________ .
Write down the ing form of the following words. Mind the exceptions in spelling.
live → _________
run → _________
give → _________
swim → _________
lie → __________
sit → __________
travel → ______
Choose one plate name it in the text and explain to your partners how to prepare it.
Gastronomy of the Pacific region – The multiplicity of the Valle del Cauca and Nariño
The Pacific region is in western Colombia at the pacific coast and borders Panama in the north,
Ecuador in the south and the western cordillera of the Colombian Andes in the east. The
department of Chocó is nearly completely included in this original area. Additionally, the
departments of Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Nariño, and Antioquoca are parts of the region of Pacifico.
Similar to the Colombian Caribbean coast the menus are dominated by fish and seafood. Special
dishes are different fish soups, a ceviche made of shrimps, shrimp salad, Seafood Casserole, Rice
with squid in its own ink and the traditional Tapao de Pescado – the best-known dish of this region –
(fish with coconut, bananas, manioc, and sweet potatoes; flavored with garlic, onions, coriander,
salt and pepper). Within the “gastronomía del pacífico”, the cuisine of the Valle del Cauca has its
special role. The Cocina Valle cuacana originates in the region around Buga and Cartago with lots
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
of ingredients of the Pacific coast. This region is especially known for its Arroz Atollado (rice with
chicken, pork, potatoes and vegetables), Chuletas valluna (a kind of Milanese cutlet), fish, rice, and
couscous. By the way, the city of Popayan (department Cauca) was the first city in Colombia to
become a UNESCO’s world heritage site for its culinary multiplicity.
INFINITIVE AND GERUND (REVIEW)
1. A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is
"reading." You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
EXAMPLES:
 Reading helps you learn English. subject of sentence

 Her favorite hobby is reading. complement of sentence
 I enjoy reading. object of sentence
Gerunds can be made negative by adding "not."
EXAMPLES:
 He enjoys not working.
 The best thing for your health is not smoking.
2. Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use
an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
EXAMPLES:
 To learn is important. subject of sentence

 The most important thing is to learn. complement of sentence
 He wants to learn. object of sentence
Infinitives can be made negative by adding "not."
EXAMPLES:
 I decided not to go.
 The most important thing is not to give up.
3. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence.
However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English,
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
whereas infinitives sound more abstract. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural
and would be more common in everyday English. Infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential
for something and sound more philosophical. If this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of
the time, you will use a gerund as the subject or complement of a sentence.
EXAMPLES:
 Learning is important. normal subject

 To learn is important. abstract subject - less common
 The most important thing is learning. normal complement
 The most important thing is to learn. abstract complement - less common
4. As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. In

such situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Usually, the main verb in
the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive.
EXAMPLES:
 He enjoys swimming. "Enjoy" requires a gerund.

 He wants to swim. "Want" requires an infinitive.
5. Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects.
EXAMPLES:
 She suggested going to a movie.
 Mary keeps talking about her problems.
6. Some verbs are followed by infinitives.
EXAMPLES:
 She wants to go to a movie.

 Mary needs to talk about her problems.
Write down the ing-form (Gerund) of the following verbs.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
work - ______________
leave - ______________
run - ______________
look - ______________
call - ______________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Complete the sentences using infinitive constructions.
She didn't tell me (do / what)

__________________________________________________________________
We asked a man (get / to the station / how)
__________________________________________________________________
We didn't know (go / this way or that way / whether)
__________________________________________________________________
She found out (queue / for the tickets / where)
__________________________________________________________________
I learnt (juggle / with three balls / how)
__________________________________________________________________
Fill in the gerund as the subject of the sentence.
(smoke) ______________________ causes cancer.

(play) ______________________ football is not allowed here.
(walk) ______________________ in New York's Central Park at night can be dangerous.
(spend) ______________________ your summer holidays watching TV is a waste of time.
(sleep) ______________________ in is what we usually do on a Sunday.
Decide whether to use Infinitive (with/without to) or Gerund.

Jenny is afraid of fly/ to fly/ flying.
Bob wants travel/ to travel/ travelling to Japan.
I cannot give/ to give/ giving you the bike.
Carla enjoys shop/ to shop/ shopping.
Garth is good at tell/ to tell/ telling jokes.
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
The song made me smile/ to smile/ smiling/.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
What about eat/ to eat/ eating out tonight?
He swore never do/ to do / doing that again.
How dare you say/ saying that?
Do you mind open/ to open/ opening the window?
It's no problem pick/ to pick/ picking you up at 9 o'clock.
Let them go/ to go/ going.
It was rather wicked threaten/ to threaten/ threatening her like that.
She got an offer work/ to work/ working in Canada.
Can you feel the spider crawl/ to crawl/ crawling up your back?
Do sentences based on this image use infinitive and gerund.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
VERBS (REVIEW)
The verb is a word that tells what the noun is doing. It is an action word.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Noun a word that names a person, place or thing.
There are two kids of verbs: Irregular and regular.
Irregular verbs
Irregular verbs have special past tense forms. They do not end in –d or –ed. Yo will need to
memorize these special forms.
EXAMPLE:
Drive, drove
Regular verbs
When forming the past tense of regular verbs, add –d or –ed to the present tense form of the verb.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Example:
Cook, cooked
REGULAR VERBS
INFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE MEANING
admit (admít) admitted (admítid) admitted (admítid)

ban (ban) banned (bánd) banned (bánd)
beg (beg) begged (bégd) begged (bégd)
bury (béri) buried (bérid) buried (bérid)
clap (kláp) clapped (klápt) clapped (klápt)
copy (kópi) copied (kópid) copied (kópid)
cry (krái) cried (kráid) cried (kráid)
drop (drop) dropped (drópt) dropped (drópt)
dry (drái) dried (dráid) dried (dráid)
empty (émpti) emptied (émptid) emptied (émptid)
fancy (fánsi) fancied (fánsid) fancied (fánsid)
fit (fit) fitted (fítid) fitted (fítid)
fry (frái) fried (fráid) fried (fráid)
hug (jág) hugged (jágd) hugged (jágd)
hurry (jári) hurried (járid) hurried (járid)
identify (aidéntifai) identified (aidéntifaid) identified (aidéntifaid)
knit (nit) knitted (nítid) knitted (nítid)
knot (not) knotted (nótid) knotted (nótid)
label (léibl) labelled (léibld) labelled (léibld)
level (lével) levelled (léveld) levelled (léveld)
marry (mári) married (márid) married (márid)
multiply (máltíplai) multiplied (móltí-pláid) multiplied (móltí-pláid)
pedal (pédal) pedalled (pédald) pedalled (pédald)
plan (plan) planned (pland) planned (pland)
plug (plag) plugged (plagd) plugged (plagd)
prefer (prífér) preferred (prifert) preferred (prifert)
program (prógram) programmed (prógramd) programmed (prógramd)
regret (rigrét) regretted (rigrétid) regretted (rigrétid)
rely (relái) relied (reláid) relied (reláid)
reply (replái) replied (repládt) replied (repláid)
rob (rób) robbed (róbd) robbed (róbd)
rub (rab) rubbed (rábd) rubbed (rábd)
satisfy (satisfái) satisfied (satisfáid) satisfied (satisfáid)
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
shop (shop) shopped (shópt) shopped (shópt)
signal (sígnal) signalled (sígnald) signalled (sígnald)
sin (sín) sinned (sínd) sinned (sínd)
skip (skíp) skipped (skípt) skipped (skípt)
slip (slíp) slipped (slípt) slipped (slípt)
stop (stop) stopped (stópt) stopped (stópt)
supply (saplái) supplied (sapláid) supplied (sapláid)
terrify (térrifai) terrified (térri-fáid) terrified (térri-fáid)
tip (típ) tipped (típt) tipped (típt)
travel (trável) travelled (tráveld) travelled (tráveld)
try (trái) tried (tráid) tried (tráid)
worry (uári) worried (uárid) worried (uárid)
IRREGULAR VERBS
INFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE MEANING
be (bi) was/were (uós/uér) been (bin)

become (bikám) became (bikéim) become (bikám)
begin (biguín) began (bigén) begun (bigán)
break (bréik) broke (bróuk) broken (bróukn)
bring (bring) brought (brot) brought (brot)
build (bilt) built (bilt) built (bilt)
buy (bái) bought (bot) bought (bot)
catch (kach) caught (kot) caught (kot)
choose (chus) chose (chos) chosen (chúsn)
come (kám) came (keím) come (kám)
cut (kat) cut (kat) cut (kat)
do (dú) did (díd) done (dán)
draw (dró) drew (drú) drawn (drón)
drink (drink) drank (drénk) drunk (drank)
drive (dráiv) drove (dróuv) driven (drívn)
eat (í:t) ate (et) eaten (ítn)
fall (fol) fell (fel) fallen (fólen)
feel (fí:l) felt (felt) felt (felt)
find (fáind) found (faúnd) found (fáund)
fly (flái) flew (flu) flown (flón)
forget (forguét) forgot (forgót) forgotten (forgótn)
get (guét) got (got) got/gotten (got/gotn)
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
give (guív) gave (guéiv) given (gívn)
go (góu) went (uént) gone (góun)
grow (gróu) grew (grú) grown (grón)
hang (jéng) hung (jáng) hung (jáng)
have (jev) had (jad) had (jad)
hear (jíar) heard (jerd) heard (jerd)
keep (kí:p) kept (kept) kept (kept)
know (nóu) knew (niú) known (nóun)
learn (lérn) learnt (lernt) learnt (lernt)
lose (lú:s) lost (lost) lost (lost)
make (méik) made (méid) made (méid)
meet (mí:t) met (met) met (met)
pay (péi) paid (ped) paid (ped)
put (put) put (put) put (put)
read (rid) read (red) read (red)
ride (ráid) rode (róud) ridden (rídn)
ring (ring) rang (reng) rung (rang)
run (ran) ran (ren) run (ran)
say (séi) said (sed) said (sed)
see (sí:) saw (sóu) seen (sin)
sell (sel) sold (sold) sold (sold)
send (send) sent (sent) sent (sent)
show (shóu) showed (shóut) shown (shóun)
shut (shat) shut (shat) shut (shat)
sing (sing) sang (seng) sung (sang)
sleep (slíp) slept (slépt) slept (slépt)
smell (smel) smelt (smelt) smelt (smelt)
speak (spik) spoke (spóuk) spoken (spóukn)
spend (spend) spent (spent) spent (spent)
stand (stand) stood (stú:d) stood (stú:d)
steal (stíl) stole (stóul) stolen (stóln)
swim (suím) swam (suém) swum (suám)
take (téik) took (tul) taken (téikn)
teach (tích) taught (tot) taught (tot)
tell (tel) told (told) told (told)
think (zink) thought (zot) thought (zot)
wake (uéik) woke (uóuk) waken (uéikn)
wear (uéar) wore (uór) worn (uórn)
win (uín) won (uón) won (uón)
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
write (ráit) wrote (róut) written (rítn)
Color the follow image while you learn these verbs.
Search the same verbs that you have learned in the following wordsearch
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Do 3 sentences with the verbs that you found.
1.______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
3.______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Read and match.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Read each question carefully. Choose your answer from four option.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write these irregular (present) verbs in their past form.
ACROSS DOWN
1 Ring 2 Eat
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
3 Write 3 Go
5 Hurt 4 Teach
6 Send 7 Fall
8 Choose
10 Lay 9 Bite
Choose 12 different regular verbs, draw and write a sentence with each one.
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
Read the following text and underline the verbs.

Colombian food in the Pacific Region is heavily influenced by African slaves that Spaniards
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
brought to the region to cook and work for them, as well by the proximity to the Pacific Ocean.
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________
In this region, Patricia McCausland tells_____________________
_____________________ me that the use of coconut is widespread, although it is
_____________________
also used in the Atlantic region.
With each verb do a sentence.
1. _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
3. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
6. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
7. _________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Choose one of this Pacific plates and write the recipe.

Cazuela de Mariscos, Encocado de Muchilla, Fried fish, cocount rice and
patacones, Ceviche and Arepa de Huevo.
__________________________________________________________________
Read the following text and underline 5 irregular verbs and 5 regular verbs
do sentences related with the Gastronomy of the Pacific region.
REGIONAL FOOD
The fields, forests, rivers and seas of Colombia, along with the cattle and poultry
activity in the country, provide Colombians with many foods of excellent nutritional
value.
The Caribbean and Pacific regions provide fish, seafood, yucca, plantain, bananas
and rice for delicious dishes with a hint of African seasoning. The Orinoquia region
with its cattle activity provides veal, chigüiro and beef. And the Amazon region, with
meat from hunting or fish from the rivers as well as exotic fruit juices, offers
delicious meals.
The Andean region has many foods. The Coffee Region, for example, provides
beans, beef and pork, corn arepas (type of bread) and of course, coffee.
Cundinamarca, Boyacá, and Santander provide cereals, vegetables as well as
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
hens and panela (unrefined whole cane sugar). And Valle del Cauca offers
seafood, corn and, especially, sugar cane products.
Thanks to all these foods and the different ways to combine their flavors, textures
and colors, Colombia has many exquisite typical dishes that you can enjoy during
your visit.
1.______________________________________________________________________________
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2.______________________________________________________________________________
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3.______________________________________________________________________________
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4.______________________________________________________________________________
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5.______________________________________________________________________________
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6.______________________________________________________________________________
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7.______________________________________________________________________________
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8.______________________________________________________________________________
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9.______________________________________________________________________________
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10._____________________________________________________________________________
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Based on the image choose 3 verbs and do sentences.

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Verbs: ________________ __________________ __________________
1.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
.
2.______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ .
3.______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ .
PREFER (REVIEW)
Here are the rules for using would rather, would prefer and prefer correctly. The first table looks
at how we can express specific preference; the second shows us how to express general
preference.
WOULD PREFER, WOULD RATHER:

EXPRESSING SPECIFIC PREFERENCE
When we speak about a specific We went to the theatre yesterday. Today I

preference, would rather and would would rather go to the cinema.
prefer have the same meaning and are We went to the theatre yesterday. Today I
interchangeable. would prefer to go to the cinema.
Would rather can be abbreviated to 'd rather. I'd rather go to the cinema.

Would prefer can be abbreviated to 'd prefer. I'd prefer to go to the cinema.
Would rather is followed by the bare

infinitive.
I'd rather have fruit juice.
Would prefer is followed by to + infinitive or I'd prefer to have fruit juice.
a noun. I'd prefer fruit juice.
We use a past tense after would rather when I'd rather you took a taxi (instead of walking)
we speak about the actions of other people, – it's not safe on the streets at night.
even though that action may be in the present The film is quite violent. I'd rather our
or future. children didn't watch it.
We say: It's such nice weather – I'd rather sit in the

would rather . . . than garden than watch TV.
We say: It's such nice weather – I'd prefer to sit in the

would prefer . . . rather than / instead of garden rather than watch TV.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
PREFER, WOULD RATHER:
EXPRESSING GENERAL PREFERENCE
When we talk about general preferences, we

can use prefer or would rather. The meaning I prefer walking to cycling.
is the same. I would rather walk than cycle.
I prefer using a keyboard to writing with a

pen.
After prefer we use the verb in the -ing form.
I’d rather use a keyboard than write with a
After would rather we use the infinitive pen.
without to. (I’d = I would)
We say: prefer . . . to . . . I prefer walking to driving.
We say: would rather . . . than . . . I’d rather walk than drive.
Fill in the spaces with the correct words

1. I would rather ___________(learn) French than Spanish.
2. I would prefer ___________ (have) dinner late tonight.
3. Would you rather ___________ (drive) a car or a motorcycle?
4. She would rather ___________ (live) with her parents than alone.
5. Would you prefer ___________ (stay) in or go out?
6. Would you rather ___________ (make) dinner or go out to a restaurant?
7. They would rather ___________ (play) soccer all day instead of studying.
8. I would prefer ___________ (watch) a movie.
9. Would you rather ___________ (eat) hotdogs or hamburgers?
1. I would rather ___________ (wear) a dress than pants.
Choose the best answer.
1 I prefer coffee than/ from/ to tea.
2 I don't fancy the theatre again. I'd rather go/ to go/ going to the cinema.
3 Although I love relaxing on beaches, I think I prefer walk/ walking in the mountains.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
4 I'd rather speak to him in person to discussing/ than discuss/ to discuss things over the phone.
5 I prefer trains than/ to/ from cars.
6 I'm not a big fan of cars; I prefer travel/ traveling by train.
7 If I had a choice I think I'd rather live in Paris than London / live in Paris to London / to live in
Paris than London.
8 They'd rather have lunch inside but I'd prefer eating/ to eat / eat outside in the garden.
Choose the best option.
1. Running is more pleasant than swimming. I prefer having run than having swim. / I prefer
running to swimming. / I rather running than swimming.
2. I don't really want to go riding. I rather staying here with my friends. / I prefer to have to stay
with my friends/ I’d rather stay here with my friends.
3. I hate writing letters! I prefer sending e-mails to writing letters. / I rather to sending e-mails
than to write letters. / I prefer to sending e-mails than to writing letters.
4. I feel tired this evening. I’d prefer to go not to the theatre. / I’d rather going not to the
theatre. / I’d prefer not go to the theatre.
5. Dogs are more faithful than cats. I prefer dogs to cats. / I prefer to having dogs to having
cats. / I rather have dogs to cats.
6. Shall we go by plane? Well I’d rather go by train. / I prefer having train / I rather go by train.
7. I'm sick. I'd prefer not to come tonight. / come not tonight. / not come tonight.
8. This course is really boring. I’d rather to be at home. / I’d prefer to be at home. / I rather
being at home.
9. Do you like English food? I prefer French food to English one. / I rather French food to
English one. / I prefer to having French food than to having English one.
10. Could you do the washing up? I rather not. / I prefer to not. / I’d rather not.
Choose the right answer.
1) He'd like to go to Canada whereas his wife __________________ go to Mexico.

a. would prefer b. would rather to c. would prefer to
2) Her husband __________________ rent a house.

a. would rather to b. would rather c. would prefer
3) Mrs Martin __________________ to stay in a hotel.

a. would prefer b. prefer c. would rather
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
4) My sister would like to have fun on Bondi Beach but I would __________________ to go on a
cruise.
a. prefer to b. prefer c. rather to
5) My wife would like to rent a house in New York but I would __________________ camp in the
desert.
a. rather to b. prefer c. rather
6) My wife would like to visit a museum, but I would __________________ to go to Ayers Rock.
a. like b. rather c. prefer
7) I would __________________ become a scuba diver.

a. rather to b. rather c. prefer
8) I would __________________ not to become a computer programmer.

a. prefer b. prefer to c. rather
9) I would __________________ buy this cake because I prefer the taste.

a. rather to b. rather c. prefer
10) I would __________________ not rent a house in the Outback.

a. rather to b. prefer c. rather
Of the Pacific’s food which plate do you prefer and why?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Based on this images write sentences with prefer, rather, would prefer and would rather.
AREPA DE HUEVO ENCOCADO DE CAZUELA DE

MUCHILLA MARISCOS
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
AFFIRMATIVE:
1.________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
3.________________________________________________________________
4.________________________________________________________________
5.________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________
2._______________________________________________________________
3.________________________________________________________________
4.________________________________________________________________
5.________________________________________________________________
QUESTION:
1._______________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
3.________________________________________________________________
4.________________________________________________________________
5.________________________________________________________________
CONDITIONALS
Conditionals are sentences with two clauses – an ‘if clause and a main clause – that are closely
related. Conditional sentences are often divided into different types.
Zero conditional
We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are always true.
EXAMPLE:
If you heat water, it boils.
When the sun goes down, it gets dark.
The present simple is used in both clauses.

There are three more types of conditional sentences.
TYPE CONDITION
I condition possible to fulfill
II condition in theory possible to fulfill
III condition not possible to fulfill (too late)

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
1. Form
TYPE IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
I Simple Present will-future or (Modal + infinitive)
II Simple Past would + infinitive *
III Past Perfect would + have + past participle *
2. Examples (if-clause at the beginning)
TYPE IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
I If I study, I will pass the exam.
II If I studied, I would pass the exam.
III If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.
3. Examples (if-clause at the end)
TYPE MAIN CLAUSE IF-CLAUSE
I I will pass the exam if I study.
II I would pass the exam if I studied.
III I would have passed the exam if I had studied.
4. Examples (affirmative and negative sentences)
TYPE EXAMPLES
LONG FORMS SHORT/CONTRACTED FORMS
+ If I study, I will pass the exam. If I study, I'll pass the exam.

I
If I study, I will not fail the exam. If I study, I won't fail the exam.
-
If I do not study, I will fail the exam. If I don't study, I'll fail the exam.
II + If I studied, I would pass the exam. If I studied, I'd pass the exam.
- If I studied, I would not fail the exam. If I studied, I wouldn't fail the exam.

If I did not study, I would fail the If I didn't study, I'd fail the exam.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
TYPE EXAMPLES
LONG FORMS SHORT/CONTRACTED FORMS
exam.
If I had studied, I would have If I'd studied, I'd have passed the

+
passed the exam. exam.
III If I had studied, I would not have If I'd studied, I wouldn't have failed the
failed the exam. exam.
-
If I had not studied, I would have If I hadn't studied, I'd have failed the
failed the exam. exam.
Do sentences with the images below using different conditionals.
AFFIRMATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
NEGATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
AFFIRMATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
1.________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________
Tenth grade
Third period, English
Topics
 Present perfect
 Past perfect
 Contrast of tenses
 Possessives adjectives
 Possessive pronouns
Logros
 Participo espontáneamente en conversaciones sobre temas de mi interés utilizando un

lenguaje claro y sencillo.
 Sustento mis opiniones, planes y proyectos.
 Escribo diferentes tipos de textos de mediana longitud y con una estructura sencilla (cartas,
notas, mensajes, correos electrónicos, etc.).
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
PRESENT PERFECT (REVIEW)

FORM
[has / have + past participle]
EXAMPLES:
 You have seen that movie many times.
 Have you seen that movie many times?
 You have not seen that movie many times.
You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year
ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc.
We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many
times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.
EXAMPLES:
 People have not traveled to Mars.
 Have you read the book yet?
 Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.
It is best to associate Present Perfect with the following topics:

TOPIC 1 Experience
You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the
experience of..." You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience.
The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.
EXAMPLES:
 I have been to France three times.
You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
 I have never been to France.
This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France.
 A: Have you ever met him?
B: No, I have not met him.
TOPIC 2 Change Over Time

We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.
EXAMPLES:
 You have grown since the last time I saw you.
 The government has become more interested in arts education.
TOPIC 3 Accomplishments
We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You
cannot mention a specific time.
EXAMPLES:
 Man has walked on the Moon.
TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting

We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using
the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.
EXAMPLES:
 James has not finished his homework yet.
 Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 Bill has still not arrived.
 The rain hasn't stopped.
TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times

We also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the
past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are
possible.
EXAMPLES:
 The army has attacked that city five times.
 I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
 We have had many major problems while working on this project.
 She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is
sick.
Choose the correct option.
I have/ has answered the question.

She have/ has opened the window.
They have/ has called us.
You have/ has carried a box.
It have/ has rained a lot.
We have/ has washed the car.
He have/ has closed the window.
Jenny have/ has locked the door.
The girls have/ has visited the museum.
John and Sophie have/ has helped in the garden.
Write positive sentences in present perfect simple
Bob / visit / his grandma

_________________________________________________________________ .
Jimmy / play / on the computer
_________________________________________________________________ .
Sue and Walter / wash / their car
_________________________________________________________________ .
Andrew / repair / his bike
_________________________________________________________________ .
Phil / help / Anne with maths
_________________________________________________________________ .
Brad and Louise / watch / a film
_________________________________________________________________ .
Tamara / talk to / her best friend
_________________________________________________________________ .
Bridgette / draw / a picture
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
_________________________________________________________________ .
Carol / read / a computer magazine
_________________________________________________________________ .
Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant
_________________________________________________________________ .
Write negative sentences in present perfect simple.

The weather was wonderful today. So the children were in the park all afternoon and have
not done their household chores:
Sarah / not / wash the dishes

_________________________________________________________________ .
Anita / not / clean the kitchen
_________________________________________________________________ .
Maureen and Gavin / not / water the plants

_________________________________________________________________ .
Joey / not / make his bed

_________________________________________________________________ .
David / not / buy milk
_________________________________________________________________ .
Lisa / not / be to the baker's
_________________________________________________________________ .
Aran and Jack / not / do their homework
_________________________________________________________________ .
Jane and Ben / not / tidy up their rooms
_________________________________________________________________ .
Alex / not / feed the hamster
_________________________________________________________________ .
Hazel / not / empty the bin
_________________________________________________________________ .
Write sentences in present perfect simple. Place 'never' before the main verb.
In a contest, people get the chance to do something they've never done before. This is what
the participants told the jury:
Fergal / never / sail / on the Pacific.

_________________________________________________________________ .
Rebecca / never / stay / at a five-star hotel
_________________________________________________________________ .
Jason / never / watch / a world-cup final
_________________________________________________________________ .
Rachel and Gareth / never / climb / Mount Kilimanjaro
_________________________________________________________________ .
Elaine / never / see / a whale
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
_________________________________________________________________ .
Ruth / never / spend / her holiday in Mexico
_________________________________________________________________ .
Connor / never / be / to Canada
_________________________________________________________________ .
Lisa and Holly / never / cycle / around England
_________________________________________________________________ .
Barry / never / drive / a Ferrari
_________________________________________________________________ .
Clare / never / meet / Mickey Mouse
_________________________________________________________________ .
Write questions in present perfect simple.
you / answer / the question

_________________________________________________________________ .
Jenny / lock / the door

_________________________________________________________________ .
Walter / call / us
_________________________________________________________________ .
you / see / the picture
_________________________________________________________________ .
your parents / get / the letter
_________________________________________________________________ .
it / rain / a lot
_________________________________________________________________ .
how often / we / sing / the song
_________________________________________________________________ .
Maureen / watch / the film
_________________________________________________________________ .
how many books / Bob / read
_________________________________________________________________ .
ever / you / be / to London
_________________________________________________________________ .
Rewrite 3 sentences in present perfect.
THE PACIFIC REGION

With its wild coastal swathe covered in jungle and mangrove swamps, this humid region has one of
the heaviest rainfall climates in the world. It stretches for 800 miles between Colombia’s borders
with Panama all the way down south to Ecuador. The seaboard is shared by the states of Chocó,
Valle, Cauca and Nariño. This sparsely populated Pacific has only one economically active city,
Buenaventura. It is the most important seaport in the country and accounts for the majority of
imports and exports leaving the Pacific. The second port on the coast is Tumaco, in the state of
Nariño. The islands of Gorgona, Gorgonilla and Malpelo belong to the Pacific as well.
AFFIRMATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
NEGATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
QUESTION
__________________________________________________________________
PAST PERFECT (REVIEW)
We use the verb had and the past participle for the past perfect:

I had finished the work.
She had gone.
The past perfect continuous is formed with had been and the -ing form of the verb:
I had been finishing the work
She had been going.
The past perfect is used in the same way as the present perfect, but it refers to a time in the past,
not the present.
We use the past perfect tense:

 for something that started in the past and continued up to a given time in the past:
When George died he and Anne had been married for nearly fifty years.
She didn’t want to move. She had lived in Liverpool all her life.
We normally use the past perfect continuous for this:

She didn’t want to move. She had been living in Liverpool all her life.
Everything was wet. It had been raining for hours.
 for something we had done several times up to a point in the past and continued to

do after that point:
He was a wonderful guitarist. He had been playing ever since he was a teenager.
He had written three books and he was working on another one.
I had been watching the programme every week, but I missed the last episode.
We often use a clause with since to show when something started in the past:
They had been staying with us since the previous week.
I was sorry when the factory closed. I had worked there since I left school.
I had been watching that programme every week since it started, but I missed the last
episode.
 when we are reporting our experience and including up to the (then) present:

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
My eighteenth birthday was the worst day I had ever had.
I was pleased to meet George. I hadn’t met him before, even though I had met his wife
several times.
 for something that happened in the past but is important at the time of reporting:
I couldn’t get into the house. I had lost my keys.
Teresa wasn’t at home. She had gone shopping.
We use the past perfect to talk about the past in conditions, hypotheses and wishes:
I would have helped him if he had asked.
It was very dangerous. What if you had got lost?
I wish I hadn’t spent so much money last month.
Put the verbs into the correct form.
The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) had built.

He (not / be) _____________ to Cape Town before 1997.
When she went out to play, she (do / already) _____________ her homework.
My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) _____________.
The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) _____________ six weeks before.
The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) _____________.
I could not remember the poem we (learn) _____________ the week before.
The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) _____________ from the tree.
(he / phone) _____________ Angie before he went to see her in London?
She (not / ride) _____________ a horse before that day.
Write the correct form of the verb.

1. After Fred _____________ (to spend) his holiday in Italy he _____________ (to want) to learn
Italian.
2. Jill _____________ (to phone) Dad at work before she _____________ (to leave) for her trip.
3. Susan _____________ (to turn on) the radio after she _____________ (to wash) the dishes.
4. When she _____________ (to arrive) the match _____________ already _____________ (to
start).
5. After the man _____________ (to come) home he _____________ (to feed) the cat.
6. Before he _____________ (to sing) a song he _____________ (to play) the guitar.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
7. She _____________ (to watch) a video after the children _____________ (to go) to bed.
8. After Eric _____________ (to make) breakfast he _____________ (to phone) his friend.
9. I _____________ (to be) very tired because I _____________ (to study) too much.
10. They _____________ (to ride) their bikes before they _____________ (to meet) their friends.
Write the correct form of the verb.

1. It _____________ to rain after we _____________ to the station. (start / get)
2. We _____________ the village where we _____________ as children. (visit / live)
3. By the time we _____________ the inn all the guests _____________. (reach / leave)
4. We _____________ him just after he _____________ news of his dismissal. (meet / get)
5. I said I _____________ that play before. (see)
6. Nobody _____________ where she _____________. (know / go)
7. They _____________ dinner when we _____________. (finish / arrive)
8. He said that he already twice _____________ our town. (visit)
9. We _____________ to know which novels he _____________. (want / read)
10. They told us that the children _____________ all the cake. (eat)
11. Why didn't you go to bed after you _____________ supper? (have)
12. By that time we _____________ your telegram. (already get)
13. She _____________ all her money before her father _____________. (spend / come)
14. Your letter _____________ five minutes after he _____________. (come / leave)
15. I _____________ him for the flowers he _____________ me. (thank / send)
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
16. After we _____________ writing we _____________ in the garden. (finish / play)
17. Who _____________ into the room after the telephone _____________? (come / ring)
18. We couldn’t _____________ the door because he _____________ our keys. (open / lose)
19. She _____________ to cry when the light _____________ out. (begin / go)
21. By the time I _____________ him he _____________ his studies. (meet / already finish)
Write sentences in past perfect based in the image.
AFFIRMATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
QUESTION
__________________________________________________________________
CONTRAST OF TENSES (REVIEW)
Write the correct form of the verb. – Past Perfect or Simple Past.
1. After Fred ________________________ (to spend) his holiday in Italy he

_______________________ (to want) to learn Italian.
2. Jill ________________________ (to phone) Dad at work before she

________________________ (to leave) for her trip.
3. Susan ________________________ (to turn on) the radio after she

________________________ (to wash) the dishes.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
4. When she ________________________ (to arrive) the match _______________________
already ________________________ (to start).
5. After the man ________________________ (to come) home he ________________________

(to feed) the cat.
6. Before he ________________________ (to sing) a song he ________________________ (to

play) the guitar.
7. She ________________________ (to watch) a video after the children

________________________ (to go) to bed.
8. After Eric ________________________ (to make) breakfast he ________________________ (to

phone) his friend.
9. I ________________________ (to be) very tired because I ________________________ (to

study) too much.
10. They ________________________ (to ride) their bikes before they

_______________________ (to meet) their friends.
Choose the correct verb forms. Use Simple Past or the Past Progressive.
1. We __________________ at the breakfast table when the doorbell ___________ .
2. He __________________ a lot of friendly people while he __________________ in California.
3. When they __________________ the museum, the sun _________________ .

4. The students __________________ cards when the teacher _________________ in.
5. While the children __________________ , their parents __________________TV.
6. It __________________ to rain while she __________________ the flowers in her garden.
7. When I __________________ the door, it __________________ .
8. While Henry __________________ a drink at the bar, his wife __________________ in the sea.
9. He __________________a loud bang while he _________________ to his friend.
10. While he __________________ a shower, his dogs __________________his steaks.
Write an article based on this headline “More than perfume, please”

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
POSSESSIVES ADJECTIVES (REVIEW)
Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of something. While we use them
when we refer to people, it is more in the sense of relationship than ownership.
The possessive adjectives in English are as follows:
SUBJEC POSSESSIVE
T ADJECTIVE
I My
You Your
He His
She Her
It Its
We Our
You (pl) Your
They Their
The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with the thing that is
possessed.
Examples
 My car is very old.

 Her boyfriend is very friendly.
 Our dog is black.
 Their homework is on the table.
Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they refer to.
(Possessive Adjective + Noun)
We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many other languages.
Examples:
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 Our cars are expensive. (Correct)
Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)
However, the verb that is used needs to be in agreement with the noun - if the noun is singular then
the verb is singular; if the noun is plural then the verb is plural.
Examples:
 My pen is black. (Singular)
My pens are black. (Plural)
 Our child is intelligent. (Singular)
Our children are intelligent. (Plural)
ITS VS. IT'S

Be careful not to confuse its and it's.
Its = The possessive adjective for It.
It's = a contraction of it is.
Choose the correct option.

1) He is __________ brother.
a. you b. your
2) Those are __________ bananas.

a. they b. their
3) She is __________ new teacher.

a. I b. my
4) Mr Lemon’s __________ father.

a. our b. we
5) These people are __________ friends.

a. he b. his
6) Where is __________ book?

a. my b. I
7) Fluffy is __________ small cat.

a. she b. her
8) This is __________ yellow ball.

a. it b. its
9) That is __________ table.

a. their b. they
10) They are __________ children.

a. we b. our
Rewrite the sentences using the appropriate possessive adjective. Look at the example.
EXAMPLE: This is Roy’s watch. This is his watch.
1) This is Peter’s book. ____________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
2) This is the dog’s house. __________________________________________
3) These are Albert and Kate’s books. _________________________________
4) That is the Smiths’ red car. ________________________________________
5) That is Mary’s white box. _________________________________________
6) This is the teachers’ room. ________________________________________
7) This is Ben’s school. _____________________________________________
8) These are the children’s toys. ______________________________________
9) Kate is Penny’s old friend. ________________________________________
10) Mark is Tony’s cousin. ____________________________________________
Write the correct possessive adjectives on the lines according to the given information in
the brackets. Look at the example.
EXAMPLE: This is __________ (Roy) watch. This is his watch.
1) That is ___________ (Tom and you) blue car.

2) These are ___________ (Eve and I) dogs.
3) Today is ___________ (I) birthday.
4) She is ___________ (you) best friend.
5) Mr Taylor is ___________ (we) teacher.
6) What’s ___________ (you) name?
7) ___________ (I) name is Gina.
8) This is ___________ (the children) room.
9) I am ___________ (Mary) sister.
10) She is ___________ (Kim and Tom) mother.
Complete the sentences.
1. I’m Marcus and this is my/ I/ his garden.
2. My mother’s Susan and this is she’s/ her/ his hat.
3. They are Robert and Adam and this is our/ they’re/their bedroom.
4. He’s/ His/ He Marco and this is he’s/ his/he living room.
5. We are Betti and Barbara and this is our/ their/ my favourite book. My/ It’s/ Its title is Twilight.
6. She/ She’s/ He is Rachel and this is his/ her/ she’s sister.
7. These are my teachers. Their/ They’re/ Our names are Paul and Rita.
8. This is my brother. Her/ His/ He’s name is Peter. His/ He’s He a student in Hungary.
9. We are friends. We’re /Their/ Our hobbies are gardening and walking.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
10. I’m Sophy and this is I’m/ my/ mine dog, Aladin.
Colombia’s Pacific region
MORE THAN PERFUME, PLEASE

The poverty-stricken Pacific eludes attempts to improve it
Nov 8th 2014 | BUENAVENTURA, COLOMBIA |
FOR decades, Colombia’s masters have told the world, and their own citizens, that they cherish
being a Pacific power—and they truly want their poor Pacific region to catch up with more vibrant
places, for example on the Caribbean coast. Getting anyone to believe that is harder.
The latest rallying cry was sounded in the port of Buenaventura by President Juan Manuel Santos
on October 25th. He unveiled new details of a $400m development strategy for the Pacific coast,
including a pledge of $12m to provide drinking water for every resident of the city. Admitting that
people had heard all this before, he vowed: “This time...it is not a strategy that comes from the
capital...it will be implemented and supervised from here.”
Yet as Colombia booms—the central bank forecasts growth at 5% for 2014—the Pacific part lags.
In Buenaventura, the country’s second biggest container port, huge ships sail past wood-slat
houses where taps flow for three hours a day at most, children are ill-fed and violence is rife.
Unemployment in the port exceeds 40%, and elsewhere in the forested, mountainous region things
are worse.
Governments have tried to help. Over the past 40 years there have been master plans, policy
papers and road maps. Some focus on infrastructure, some on ecology, others on poverty. But they
tend to peter out. That is despite the fact that in foreign policy, Colombia holds dear its status as a
Pacific nation. It has dreamed for two decades of joining the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation
forum, whose members account for 63% of its trade and 50% of foreign investment. And Colombia
founded—along with Mexico, Peru and Chile—the Pacific Alliance trade group which has slashed
tariffs.
As part of the latest Pacific plan, authorities have dusted off old projects, including one for a pipeline
and a railway to stretch from oilfields in the east to Buenaventura. Another calls for a “corridor” to
link the Caribbean and Pacific by river and road through Chocó province.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Such plans need to offer economic gains for ordinary folk and protection for the area’s biodiversity,
says Luis Gilberto Murillo, a man from Chocó whom Mr Santos has asked to head the latest
initiative.
But there is mistrust between Pacific residents and the capital. National power-brokers balk at
letting light-fingered local authorities handle funds. A provincial assembly member from the
country’s north was banned from politics by Colombia’s inspector-general for 13 years after voicing
these suspicions in a way deemed racist; he said, in 2012, that “investing money in Chocó is like
putting perfume on a turd.”
Meanwhile Pacific locals resent plans made in Bogotá. “The plans aren’t for us, they are for big
businessmen,” says Mario Riascos, a community leader in Buenaventura. Acceptance by residents
is crucial, as 84% of land in the Pacific region is subject to collective-title rights granted to black and
indigenous groups. The introduction of such rights in 1993 was seen as a triumph for the poor, but
business leaders say it hurt growth. A port manager in Buenaventura says it makes life much harder
for firms needing access to land.
Already the grand plan sounds hollow to some. On November 4th Buenaventura residents
protested because some districts have had no water for ten days.
Based on the text , write an opinion about it. Use possessive adjectives.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Possessive pronouns are used in English to avoid repeating information that is already clear. In
general it makes the sentence less confusing because the same information is not being repeated.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
This book is my book, not your book. (Sounds repetitive)

This book is mine, not yours. (Mine and yours are possessive pronouns)
In the sentence, mine is a possessive pronoun that replaces my book.
In the sentence, yours is a possessive pronoun that replaces your book.
The possessive pronouns in English are as follows:
Subjec Possessive
t Pronouns
I Mine
You Yours
He His
She Hers
It Its
We Ours
You (pl) Yours
They Theirs
EXAMPLES:
 I didn't have my umbrella so Marta lent me hers.

(I didn't have my umbrella so Marta lent me her umbrella).
 Her car is faster than mine.
(Her car is faster than my car).
 That food is ours and not theirs.
(That food is our food and not their food).
 I know this drink is yours but I need to drink something.
(I know this drink is your drink but I need to drink something).
Remember that with possessive pronouns there are no apostrophes (').
Of yours
It is also very common to say a friend/some friends + of + possessive pronouns.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 I saw one of your friends last night.
I saw a friend of yours last night.
Both of these sentences are correct and both common in English.
Yours faithfully - Yours sincerely

Yours is also used in English with faithfully or sincerely at the end of a formal letter or e-mail. The
two common expressions are:
 Yours faithfully (If it someone that you don't know)

 Yours sincerely (If it is someone that you know)
Fill out the correct possessive pronoun!
1. I have a bike. It's ________ bike.
2. Mum and I have a boat. It's ________ boat.
3. The horse has an apple. It's ________ apple.
4. John and Max have a skateboard. It's ________ skateboard.
6. You have a dog. It's ________ dog.
7. Max and you have a dad. It's ________ dad.
Fill out the correct possessive pronoun!
1. I have a dog. That dog is ________ !
2. She has a cat. That cat is ________ !
3. We have a car. That car is ________ !
4. They have a bike. That bike is ________ !
5. He has a key. That key is ________ !
6. You have a hat. That hat is ________ !
Choose the correct possessive pronoun mine - yours - his - hers - ours – theirs.
I'm riding my bike. They are ________ .

The bike is ________ .
There is a book on your desk.
The rings belong to Lucy. Is it ________?
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
They are ________ .
We have a computer.
The computer is ________ . I have two cats.
They are ________ .
That money belongs to him.
It is ________ . Are those shoes Ann's?
Yes, they are ________ .
This garden belongs to them.
It is ________ . Are these balls the children's?
No, they aren't ________ .
The houses begong to us.
Choose the right answer (possessive adjective or possessive pronoun).
1. Jane has already eaten her lunch, but I'm saving hers/ her/ mine/ my until later.
2. She has broken hers/ her/ his leg.
3. My mobile needs to be fixed, but mine/ his/ our/ their is working.
4. You/ Yours/ Mine/ My computer is a Mac, but you/ your/ yours/ my is a PC.
5. We gave them ours/ mine/ our/ yours telephone number, and they gave us their/ theirs/
ours/ mine.
6. Mine/ My/ Yours/ You pencil is broken. Can I borrow you/ yours/ him/ its?
7. Our/ Ours/ Your/ My car is cheap, but you/ your/ yours/ my is expensive.
8. You can't have any chocolate! It's all mine/ my/ our/ yours!
PACIFIC REGION
It is a region with a huge ecological wealth, hydrographic, mining and forestry in which national
parks are. It is also considered one of the most biodiverse regions on the planet and rainfall with
rainfall of around 4,000 mm / year according to the Ministry of Mines and Energy of Colombia.
Choose one income fount and write sentence using possessive adjectives.
AFFIRMATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
QUESTION
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
__________________________________________________________________
AFFIRMATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
QUESTION
__________________________________________________________________
AFFIRMATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
NEGATIVE
__________________________________________________________________
QUESTION
__________________________________________________________________
Draw your income fount chose it.
Tenth grade
Fourth period, English
Topics
 Modals verbs: tenses

 Wh questions
 American and British English
 How to write
 An essay, letter, news, articles, story.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Logros
 Estructuro mis textos teniendo en cuenta elementos formales del lenguaje como la
puntuación, la ortografía, la sintaxis, la coherencia y la cohesión.
 Planeo, reviso y edito mis escritos con la ayuda de mis compañeros y del profesor.
 Utilizo un vocabulario apropiado para expresar mis ideas con claridad sobre temas del
currículo y de mi interés.
MODALS VERBS: TENSES (REVIEW)
The modal verbs include can, must, may, might, will, would, should. They are used with other verbs
to express ability, obligation, possibility, and so on. Below is a list showing the most useful modals
and their most common meanings:
CAN
Use Examples
ability to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be able

I can speak English.
to)
permission to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be

Can I go to the cinema?
allowed to)
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Use Examples
Request Can you wait a moment, please?
Offer I can lend you my car till tomorrow.
Can we visit Grandma at the
Suggestion
weekend?
Possibility It can get very hot in Arizona.
COULD
Use Examples
ability to do sth. in the past (substitute form: to be able

I could speak English.
to)
permission to do sth. in the past (substitute form: to be

I could go to the cinema.
allowed to)
polite question * Could I go to the cinema, please?
polite request * Could you wait a moment, please?
polite offer * I could lend you my car till tomorrow.
Could we visit Grandma at the
polite suggestion *
weekend?
possibility * It could get very hot in Montana.
We often use to be able to or to be allowed to instead of can. We can only form the Past of can
(could). To put can into other tenses we need the phrases to be able to or to be allowed to.
MAY
Use Examples
Possibility It may rain today.
permission to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be allowed to) May I go to the cinema?
polite suggestion May I help you?

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
MIGHT
Use Examples
possibility (less possible than may) * It might rain today.
hesitant offer * Might I help you?
MUST
Use Examples
force, necessity I must go to the supermarket today.
Possibility You must be tired.
advice, recommendation You must see the new film with Brad Pitt.
MUST NOT/MAY NOT

Use Examples
You mustn't work on dad's computer.

prohibition (must is a little stronger)
You may not work on dad's computer.
NEED NOT
Use Examples
sth. is not necessary I needn't go to the supermarket, we're going to the restaurant tonight.
OUGHT TO
simliar to should – ought to sounds a little less subjective
Use Examples
advice You ought to drive carefully in bad weather.
obligation You ought to switch off the light when you leave the room.
SHALL
used instead of will in the 1st person
Use Examples
suggestion Shall I carry your bag?

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
SHOULD
Use Examples
advice You should drive carefully in bad weather.
obligation You should switch off the light when you leave the room.
WILL
Use Examples
wish, request, demand, order (less polite than

Will you please shut the door?
would)
prediction, assumption I think it will rain on Friday.
Promise I will stop smoking.
spontaneous decision Can somebody drive me to the station? - I will.
She's strange, she'll sit for hours without

Habits
talking.
WOULD
Use Examples
wish, request (more polite than will) Would you shut the door, please?
habits in the past Sometimes he would bring me some flowers.
* These are no past forms, they refer to the future.
CAN in sentences – What animals can do? Choose the best option.
1. Fish ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
pinch./ make webs./ lay eggs.
2. Dogs ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
3. Bees ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
4. Kangaroos ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
5. Spiders ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
6. Cats ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
7. Crabs ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
8. Hens ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
9. Ants ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./
10. Bats ______ sleep on their feet. /swim. /sting./ climb trees. / make bridges. /bark. / jump./ pinch./
make webs./ lay eggs.
Match the words with the correct sentence.
Last week we ________ swimming, this week we can't. could go
Maybe the Smiths ________ a new house next year. has been able to clean
If you try hard, you ________ your examinations. can pass
When I was five, I ________. could not swim
Dennis ________ the trumpet after four months. can drive
Luke has passed his driving test, now he ________ a car. will not be able to do
I ________ to him on the phone for three weeks last month. could not text
Alex ________ his homework when his desk is in such a mess.

will be able to build
They were so busy, they ________ me.

could play
could not speak

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Lisa ________her dress. She can wear it again.
Put in mustn't or needn't.
I ___________ take the umbrella. It won't rain.

I ___________ cross this bridge. It's closed.
We ___________ be late. The train will leave in 10 minutes.
You ___________ hurry. We have plenty of time.
You ___________ smoke in here. It's forbidden. Look at that sign.
We have enough diesel, so we ___________ stop here.
You ___________ come if you don't want to.
They ___________ do the washing up, they have a dishwasher.
You ___________ show this e-mail to anyone else. I'll trust you.
The students ___________ forget their homework.
Based on the following text write sentences with different modals verbs.
PACIFIC REGION
Is a region with beautiful and exotic natural landscapes, some of them still undiscovered. In the
Pacific region is located the well known Darien jungle in the limits with Panama, with undiscovered
places, were unclassified species of Fauna and Flora can be found.
The Pacific region, specially in the Choco area, has a high rainfall level, one of the river with the
highest water flow in the world is located there, the Atrato river, it almost create a natural channel
between the Pacific ocean and Caribbean sea
The humpback whales selected the Pacific region to breed and mate, and some turtle species to
deposit their eggs, this is the reason why many tourist decide to come every year to watch them in
their natural habitat, enjoying the beautiful symphony produced by the whales during their mating.
By his beautiful natural places, his corals, his Fauna and Flora the Pacific region has become an
ideal place for ecotourism lovers, for those one who like diving and nautical sports, or you can enjoy
of the sand, beaches and sea in different spots with a wonderful view.
Inside the Pacific region, Colombia has establish some natural Parks: The Katíos (ó Ikatíos which is
share with Panamá), Utría, Sanquianga, Gorgona, Farallones de Cali, Tatamá and los Santuarios
de Fauna y Flora Isla de La Corota y Galeras, with them is posible to preserve the native Fauna
and Flora species of the Pacific region.
1.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
2.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
3.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
4.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
5.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
6.______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__
Choose the correct modal or modal form to fit the sentence.
1. I didn’t feel very well yesterday. I _________ eat anything.

a. cannot b. couldn’t c. mustn’t
2. You _________look at me when I am talking to you.

a. could b. should c. would
3. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It _________be here somewhere!

a. can b. could c. must d. would
4. You really _________be late again.

a. must not b. don’t have to be
5. If you don’t start working harder, you _________repeat the course next year.
a .have to b. must c. will have to
6. His parents spoil him. He’s always _________to do whatever he wants.

a. been able b. been allowed
7. Phone her now. She _________home by now.

a. has to be b. must be c. would be
8. You_________ forget your sun cream. It’s going to be very hot!
a. don’t have to b. mustn’t c. needn’t
1. I ________ be able to help you, but I’m not sure yet.

a. might b. would
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
2. Entrance to the museum was free. We ________ pay to get in.
a. needn’t b. didn’t need to
Write sentences using modals with the following images.
GHOST CRAB
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________
Imagine that this animal is going to be extinct, write an email to the hunters, say why this
animal has to live.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
WH QUESTIONS (REVIEW)
Begin with questions words. We do not answer yes or no to these questions. We give information.
QUESTION
To make WH-questions with the verb BE, we put the question word first. Then comes the verb form
(am, is, are) and the subject.
Choose the correct Wh question.

What - When - Where - Why - Who - How
1) ................ are my keys?
2) ................ is the problem?
3) ................ is your favourite singer?
4) ................ is your birthday?

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
5) ................ old are you? I'm ten years old.
6) ................ is your telephone number?
7) ................ are you from?
8) ................ is your best friend?
9) ................ is your e-mail?
10) ................ are you? I'm fine, thanks.
11) ................ is your graduation? Next week.
12) ................ is she crying? Because she is sad.
13) ................ is your last name? Gonzalez.
14) ................ is your favourite actor? Anthony Hopkins.
15) ................ old is your cat? Two years old.
Choose the right option.
1) ................. is the concert?

a. What b. Who c. Why d. When
2) ................. is Cristiano Ronaldo from?

a. How b. When c. Where d. Why
3) ................. are you so happy? I'm getting married!

a. When b. How c. What d. Why
4) ................. is your brother? He is still sick.

a. Why b. How c. Where d. What
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
5) ................. are you late? Because of the traffic.

a. Where b. When c. Why d. How
Do 5 wh questions with each images.
BEJUCA BALSO
1.______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________2.__________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________3._____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________4._
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________5.____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________6._______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________7.___
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________8.______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________9._________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________10.____
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH (REVIEW)

ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write sentence using the vocabulary above.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
By his beautiful natural places, his corals, his Fauna and Flora the Pacific region has become an
ideal place for ecotourism lovers, for those one who like diving and nautical sports, or you can enjoy
of the sand, beaches and sea in different spots with a wonderful view.
Write a dialogue about the flora and fauna in the Pacific region. Search information about it.
HOW TO WRITE
Writing can be an amazing world to explore! From realistic fiction to mysteries to sci-fi to poetry,
your writing is only limited by your imagination. Keep in mind that writing is a lot more than putting
pen to paper: it takes reading, research, thinking, and revision. While not all writing methods work
for everyone, these tips should get you started on your path to writing.
1 Read a lot. Read a variety of authors and genres to expand your understanding of what different
writing looks like and what each author's "voice" sounds. This will help you think about and develop
what you want to write about, how you want your writing to sound, and, even as important, how you
don't want to sound.
 Read what you want to write. If you want to write a sci-fi novel, for instance, start reading
the masters of the genre like Isaac Asimov, Philip K. Dick and Ray Bradbury.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
 Keep up a regular reading schedule. Even if it's only 20 minutes a day before you go to
sleep, you'll notice an improvement in your writing.
2Find a place to write. As you start writing, try writing in different places to find what works best for
you. Where can you concentrate best? Where do you find inspiration? Where can you focus? It
could be at your desk at home, at a busy coffee shop, in a secluded corner of a library, or in a park.
 You might find that different places work for you based on your mood or what writing step
you're in.
 Different locations might lend themselves to different activities. For instance, you might
brainstorm best on your bed at home and edit best at a library.
3Choose a way to write. Will you write everything down by hand or use a laptop? As with finding a
place to write, finding your way to write will develop over time.
 Be wary of distractions. While typing may be quicker, it can also lead to distractions such as
checking your email or websites.
4Brainstorm. Write down plot ideas. There's always an idea before a well-written book, and the
possibilities are endless. You could write about calculus. You could write about Mercury. You could
even write about yourself. There is nothing you can't write about. Try answering these questions:
 What happens in your story?

 What's the main topic?
 Who's the main character?
 Why should the reader be interested?
5Research. If you're writing about a subject you're not an expert on and want to make sure you are
presenting the topic or information realistically, look up the information or seek out an expert to ask
questions.
 Search for information online. Type your topic into a search engine and sift through the top
10 or 20 results.
o Note: Be cautious about information you retrieve online, especially if you are writing
a research paper or an article that relies on factual information. Internet sources can be unreliable.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Published books, or works found in a journal, have to undergo a much more thorough vetting
process before they reach publication, and are therefore safer to use as sources.
 Check out a library. Yes, believe it or not, there is still information to be found in a
library that hasn't made its way to the Web. For an even greater breadth of resources, try a college
or university library.
6Write a rough draft. It doesn't matter how many spelling errors or weak adjectives you have in it.
This copy is just jotting down those random uncategorized thoughts. Write down anything you think
of that you want included in your writing, and worry about organizing everything where it belongs
later.
7If you're having trouble, try freewriting. Set a timer and write continuously until that time is up.
You won't have time to worry about errors and mistakes if you're rushing to get the words out.
8Edit for your second draft.. Review the rough draft and begin to put what you've written in the
order you'll want it in. Clean up misspellings, grammatical errors and weak writing such as repetitive
words. Flesh out the plot and start thinking of anything you want to cut out.
 Edit ruthlessly. If it doesn't fit in with the overall story, if it's unnecessary, or if you don't like
what you've written, cut it out.
 Check for coherency. Do all parts of the story make sense together? If so, continue. If not,
consider revising whatever doesn't fit in.
 Check for necessity. Do all parts of the story contribute? Does each section give necessary
background, advance the plot, build suspense, or develop an important character?
 Check for anything missing. Are all your characters properly introduced? Do the plot points
flow smoothly into one another, or are there some logical gaps?
9Proofread. Remember that spell check alone doesn't always do the job. Only you can catch the
difference between to, too, and two, or their, there, and they're. Although they may be spelled
correctly, they may not be used in the correct context.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
10you analyze, edit or re-write it. Think about bigger changes like moving sections of the story
around.
11Keep rewriting until you're ready for a second opinion. This is an important step, as other
people will see what you actually wrote, and not just what you think you wrote.
 Get feedback from someone whose opinion you respect and trust, and who either reads a
lot or writes themselves.
 Ask them to be honest and thorough. Only honest feedback, even if it's a wholesale
criticism of your entire story, can make you a better writer.
 If they need some guidance, give them the same questions you've been asking yourself.
 This is particularly critical if any aspect of your story revolves around a technical area in
which you're not an expert. Make sure at least one of your readers is an expert in that area.
 Join a writer's group in your area or online to share your writing, read others' writing, and
provide mutual feedback.
12Evaluate the response you received. You don't have to like or agree with everything that's said
to you about your work. On the other hand, if you get the same comment from more than one
person, you should probably take it very seriously. Strike a balance between keeping aspects that
you want and making changes based on input you trust.
 Re-read the story with your readers' comments in the back of your head. Note any gaps,
places that need to be cut, or areas needing revision.
 Re-write using the insights gained from your readers and from your own subsequent critical
reading.
Search more information about this touristic place and invite an email to your friend to visit
it.
Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park

Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park, is one of the newest Colombian national parks and a
popular ecotourism destination. It is located in and around Málaga Bay on the Colombian Pacific
coast in the municipality of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. It is an area of high
biodiversity and a favorite spot for reproducing Humpback Whales, making this area a popular
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
whale watching destination. Most of natural area is pristine with the exception of the areas around a
few small towns like Juanchaco, Ladrilleros, and La Barra, as well as a Colombian naval base. The
national park was created in 2010 and is Colombia's 56th national natural park.
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Look for a touristic place in the Pacific region and write an article of opinion about it.
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AN ESSAY, LETTER, NEWS, ARTICLES, STORY.
ESSAY
Throughout your academic career, you will usually be asked to write an essay. You may work on an
assigned essay for class, enter an essay contest or write essays for college admissions.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
1Research the topic. Go online, head to the library, or search an academic database or read
newspapers. You may ask a reference librarian.
 Know which sources are acceptable to your teacher.
o Does your teacher want a certain number of primary sources and secondary
sources?
o Can you use Wikipedia? Wikipedia is often a good starting point for learning about
a topic, but many teachers won't let you cite it because they want you to find more authoritative
sources.
 Take detailed notes, keeping track of which facts come from which sources. Write
down your sources in the correct citation format so that you don't have to go back and look them up
again later.
 Never ignore facts and claims that seem to disprove your original idea or claim. A
good essay writer either includes the contrary evidence and shows why such evidence is not valid
or alters his or her point of view in light of the evidence.
2 Analyze well-written essays. In your research you'll probably come across really well-written
(and not so well-written) arguments about your topic. Do some analysis to see what makes them
work.
 What claims does the author make?
o Why do they sound good? Is it the logic, the sources, the writing, the structure? Is it
something else?
 What evidence does the author present?
o Why does the evidence sound credible? How does the author present facts, and
what is his/her approach to telling a story with facts?
 Is the logic sound or faulty, and why?
o Why is the logic sound? Does the author back up his/her claims with examples that
are easy to follow?
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3Brainstorm your own ideas. Sure, you can use the arguments of others to back up what you
want to say. However, you need to come up with your original spin on the topic to make it uniquely
yours.
 Make lists of ideas. You can also try mind mapping.
 Take your time. Walk in your neighborhood or local park and think about your topic. Be
prepared for ideas to come to you when you least expect them.
4 Pick your thesis statement.

 Look at the ideas that you generated. Choose one to three of your strongest ideas that
support your topic. You should be able to support these ideas with evidence from your research.
 Write a thesis statement that summarizes the ideas that you plan to present. Essentially, let
the reader know where you're going and why.
o A thesis statement should have a narrow focus include both your topic and what
you plan to present. For example, "Although Eli Whitney's cotton gin ushered in a new era of
American prosperity, it also widened the gap in suffering for African-American slaves, who would
soon be more in demand, and more exploited, than ever."
o A thesis statement should not ask a question, be written in first person ("I"), roam
off-topic or be combative.
5 Plan your essay. Take the thoughts that you brainstormed and assemble them into an outline.
Write a topic sentence for your main ideas. Then, underneath, make bullet points and list your
supporting evidence. Generally, you want three arguments or pieces of evidence to support each
main idea.
 Topic sentence: "Eli Whitney's cotton gin made life harder on African American slaves."
o Ex: "The success of cotton made it harder for slaves to purchase their own
freedom."
o Ex: "Many northern slaves were in danger of being kidnapped and brought down
south to work in the cotton fields."
o Ex: "In 1790, before the cotton gin, slaves in America totaled about 700,000. In
1810, after the cotton gin had been adopted, slaves totaled about 1.2 million, a 70% increase."
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6Write the body of your essay. You do want to think about length here; don't write pages and
pages if your teacher wants 5 paragraphs. However, you shouldfreewrite to let your thoughts reveal
themselves. You can always make them more concise later.
 Avoid sweeping generalizations. Statements such as "______ is the most important
problem facing the world today," can cause your reader to dismiss your position out of hand if
he/she disagrees with you. On the other hand, "______ is a significant global problem" is more
accurate.
 Don't use "I" statements such as "I think." Likewise, avoid the personal pronouns "you,"
"we," "my," "your" or "our". Simply stating your argument with supporting facts makes you sound
much more authoritative. Instead of writing, "I found Frum to have a conservative bias," tell the
reader why your statement is true: "Frum displays a conservative bias when he writes..."
7Come up with a compelling title and introduction. Your title and introduction make people want

to read your essay. If your teacher is the audience, then of course your teacher will read the whole
piece. However, if you're submitting to an essay contest or writing an essay for college admissions,
your title and introduction have to hook the reader if you want to meet your objectives.
 Skip obvious expressions such as, "This essay is about, "The topic of this essay is" or "I will
now show that".
 Try the inverted pyramid formula. Start off with a very broad description of your topic and
gradually narrow it down to your specific thesis statement. Try to use no more than 3 to 5 sentences
for short essays, and no more than 1 page for longer essays.
 Short essay example: Every year, thousands of unwanted and abused animals end up in
municipal shelters. Being caged in shelters not only causes animals to suffer but also drains local
government budgets. Towns and cities could prevent both animal abuse and government waste by
requiring prospective pet owners to go through mandatory education before allowing them to obtain
a pet. Although residents may initially resist the requirement, they will soon see that the benefits of
mandatory pet owner education far outweigh the costs."
8Conclude your essay. Summarize your points and suggest ways in which your conclusion can be
thought of in a larger sense.
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 Answer questions like, "What are the implications of your thesis statement being true?"
"What's the next step?" "What questions remain unanswered?"
 Your arguments should draw your reader to a natural, logical conclusion. In a sense, you
are repackaging your thesis statement in your concluding paragraph by helping the reader to
remember the journey through your essay.
 Nail the last sentence. If your title and first paragraph make the reader want to read your
essay, then your last sentence makes the reader remember you. If a gymnast does a great balance
beam routine but falls on the landing, then people forget the routine. Gymnasts need to "stick the
landing," and so do essay writers.
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ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write an opinion essay about the National Natural Park Sanquianga.
LETTER
1Know when to write a formal letter. Write a formal letter when addressing someone you only
know in a professional capacity. This includes letters written to government departments or
businesses, instead of a known individual.
 These letters should be typed, then printed. You can use any text editing software to do
this, such as Microsoft Word, OpenOffice, or Text Edit. If the letter is urgent or the recipient prefers
email, you can send an email instead.
 When addressing your current boss or coworker, you can be slightly less formal. Email is
usually fine, and you don't need an address at the top of the page.
2Write your address and today's date at the top of the page. Write your name and address at
the top of the page, on the left. If you are writing a business letter, use the company name and
address instead, or just write on company letterhead. Either way, skip two lines and write today's
date.
 Write out the full date. 19 September 2014 (British) or September 19, 2014 (American) are
both preferable to Sept. 19, 2014 or 19/9/14.
 Skip the date when writing an email.
3Write the name and address of the recipient. Unless you're writing an email, skip another two
lines and write the contact information for the person you're writing to. Write each of these on a
separate line:
 Full title and name
 Company or organization name (if applicable)
 Full address (use two or more lines, as needed)
4 Write the salutation. Skip a line again, then greet the recipient with "Dear" followed by their
name. You may use the last name, or the full name (first and last), but never the first name alone.
Include an abbreviated professional title if applicable.
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 If you know the job title but not the person's name, you may write "Dear Health Inspector:"
or a similar phrase. It's usually possible to find the name with an online search, so try that first.
 If you don't have a specific contact, write "Dear Sir or Madam:" or "To Whom It May
concern:". These sound a little stiff and old fashioned, so try to avoid it when possible.
5Write the letter. Formal letters should open with a clear statement of purpose. Do not use
contractions (write are not instead of aren't), and phrases questions formally (Would you be
interested in...? instead of Do you want to...?). Proofread the letter for spelling and grammar when
finished, or ask a friend to help you.
 If you are writing on official business, keep it short and direct. If you are writing a distant
relative or an acquaintance for social reasons, you can be a little more conversational. It's still best
to keep it to under a page.
6Use a complimentary close. A complimentary close ends your letter on a good note and
establishes a connection with the recipient. Make two hard returns after the last paragraph of the
letter, then write the complimentary close. For formal letters, stick to "Sincerely yours," "Kindest
regards," or "Best wishes." Sign underneath the close, as follows:
 For typed formal letters, leave about four spaces between the complimentary close and
your typed full name. Print the letter, then sign your name in blue or black ink in that blank space.
 In a formal email, type your full name after the complimentary close.
 You may use a courtesy title for yourself when you put your name at the end of a formal
letter. For instance, a married woman could sign as "Mrs. Amanda Smith."
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Write a letter to the touristic information in Nariño, ask information about the Katíos National
Park.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
What is an article?
Knowing how to write a letter is a fundamental skill you'll use in business, school, and personal
relationships to communicate information, goodwill, or just affection. Here's a basic guide on how to
put your thoughts to paper in the correct format.
An article
• is a piece of writing usually intended for publication in a newspaper, magazine or journal
• is written for a wide audience, so it is essential to attract and retain the readers’ attention
• may include amusing stories, reported speech and descriptions
• can be formal or informal, depending on the target audience
• should be written in an interesting or entertaining manner
• should give opinions and thoughts, as well as facts
• is in a less formal style than a report
An article can
• describe an experience, event, person or place
• present an opinion or balanced argument
• compare and contrast
• provide information
• offer suggestions
• offer advice
A realistic article should consist of:
1. an eye-catching title which attracts the readers’ attention and suggests the theme of the
article. (Think about why you read a magazine or newspaper article recently - what made
you read it?) Articles can also have subheadings before each paragraph.
2. an introduction which clearly defines the topic to be covered and keeps the reader’s
attention.
3. the main body of two to five paragraphs in which the topic is further developed in detail.
4. the conclusion - summarising the topic or a final opinion, recommendation or comment.
REMEMBER
Before you begin writing it is important to consider:
• where is the article going to appear - in a newspaper or magazine?
• who are the intended readers - a specific group such as students or teenagers, or adults in
general?
• what is the aim of the article - to advise, suggest, inform, compare and contrast, describe, etc.?
These three points are the deciding factors in the lay out of your article, its style, language and level
of formality.
Determine the information you are going to use and organize your ideas carefully into paragraphs.
Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence.
The article could be formal, semi-formal or informal, depending on your intended audience.
Use vocabulary and descriptive language appropriate for the article. Linking words and expressions,
and a variety of vocabulary will only improve your work and make it more interesting.
ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
DO NOT use over-personal or over-emotional language or simplistic vocabulary.
DO NOT talk about yourself. You are writing for the general public, not a close circle of friends.
Your opinions are only interesting to other people if you can make them amusing, justify them or
explain them.
Match the topics (1-10) below with the titles (A-K). There is ne extra title that you do not
need.
1. A healthy diet._____ 6. Genetic Engineering. _____

2. School Exams. _____ 7. Drug- talking. _____
3. Eating out inexpensively. _____ 8. An outdoor activity. _____
4. The Internet. _____ 9. How to attraction a man. _____
5. A famous person. _____ 10. A successful career. _____
Match the following first paragraphs with the titles.

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ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Write an article for foreign people that do not know about the Natural National Park Gorona.
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Docente: Jhon Alexander Mora Luna Asignatura Inglés Tenth Grade First Period, English Topics

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DOCENTE: JHON ALEXANDER MORA LUNA

First period, English

 Muestro una actitud respetuosa y tolerante cuando escucho a otros.

 Hago inferencias a partir de la información en un texto.

 Puedo expresarme con la seguridad y confianza propios de mi personalidad.

 Participo espontáneamente en conversaciones sobre temas de mi interés utilizando un

 To give instructions or directions:

 Scheduled to speak, present or future events:

Your exam starts at 09.00.

 When the verbs ends in a vowel + y, you add s.

Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Auxiliary+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Choose the correct form.

1. We sometimes read/reads books.

Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. I (like) ______________ lemonade very much.

Fill in the correct form of the verbs.

1. We (have) ______________ a nice garden.

Make negative sentences.

My father makes breakfast. → _________________________________________

you / to speak / English → ____________________________________________

Write an article in present simple based on this headline.

Based on this image write sentences.

Frequency: Often, sometimes and always

 Sometimes I walked home at lunchtime.

 We saw a good film last week.

 She played the piano when she was a child.

There are three forms in the simple past.

Subject + verb in simple past+ complement.

Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Auxiliary+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Complete the sentences in simple past.

1. Our company (start)___________ business in 1995.

Write positive sentences in simple past.

he / the question / answer _____________________________________________

Rewrite the sentences in the negative.

They collected postcards. → __________________________________________

Write questions in simple past.

Anna / the window / open: Did Anna open the window?

Rewrite two paragraphs in simple past.

 I will go to the beach next month.

 Who will be she?

 Tonight I'm going to the movies.

Further in the future, use the future tense.

 Next year I will go to Spain.

There are three forms in the future tense.

Subject + will+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Subject + shall+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Subject+ will+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement

Subject+ shall+ not+ verb in infinitive+ complement

Subject+ won’t+ verb in infinitive+ complement

Question: There two types of question an affirmative and a negative.

Affirmative question: Will+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Shall+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Negative question: Will+not+ subject+ verb in infinitive+ complement.

Write positive sentences in will Future.

(I / answer / the question) __________________________________________

(she / read / the book) _____________________________________________

(they / drink / beer) _______________________________________________

(we / send / the postcard) __________________________________________

(Vanessa / catch / the ball) _________________________________________

(James / open / the door) __________________________________________