POWERBANK (SMART POWERBANK)

TESLA POWER BANK

DESIGN REPORT

MOHD FITRI FAHMI BIN HASMADI

BACHELOR OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN PROGRAMME
SESSION 2018/2019

COURSE COORDINATOR
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR YM DR. RAJA AHMAD AZMEER
RAJA EFFENDI

CO-COORDINATOR
DR. SITI MASTURA MD ISHAK

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN

FACULTY OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA
 201
TABLE OF CONTENT

NO TITLE PAGES
1 Acknowledgement 1
2 Abstract 2
3 Introduction 3
4 Research background 7
5 Design brief 11
6 Design objectives 11
7 Design statement 11
8 Design criteria 12
9 Target user 14
10 Material proposal 14
11 Colour proposal 17
12 Existing problem on current product 18
13 The purposed idea to overcome problems 18
14 Project progress 19
15 Conclusion 20
16 Reference 21
1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

All praises to the Almighty Allah for giving me the strength, patience and
guidance throughout the process of completing this research study. I am grateful to
have the support and motivation from many people throughout completing this study
and I would love to take this opportunity to thank those who are either directly or
indirectly involved during this study is conducted.

Most immediately, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those

who provided me the possibility to complete this report. A special gratitude I give to
my lecturers, Associate Professor Ym Dr. Raja Ahmad Azmeer Raja Effend and Dr.
Siti Mastura Md Ishak, whose contribution in stimulating suggestions and
encouragement, helped me to coordinate my project especially in writing this report.
My utmost gratitude also goes out to all lecturers from the Industrial Design
Programme Department for being a very nice and effective lecturer to me and thus,
making this study easier to be completed.

My token of appreciation also goes to my beloved family members who never

failed to be there for their love, supports and prayers. Last but not least, I would like
to thank to all my friends, especially my classmates for their never ending supports.

May Allah bless to all of you.

1
2. ABSTRACT

The proposed project is the idea of the researcher which addresses the needs of
the community of having a sustainable portable power bank, less pollutant and less
worry about the source of electricity. This paper is a proposal for possible solution on
the power source shortage powerbank in the market. It includes the lay-outing,
designing and identifying components for the proposed project. Components of the
Portable Self-Sustainable powerbank have been identified. The researcher came up
with a final design with the components’ configuration and specifications.

The concept of being able to charge mobile phones on the go has been pleasant to
almost everyone in the present times. Ever since the increasing abilities and the
decreasing cost of smart phones, their utility has increased but their power
consumption is high. The present day smart phones have a very large storage capacity
and the parallelism with to apps associated with them is increasing rapidly. Running
many applications at a time causes the phones to drain out quickly. Although
increases charge consumption for a host of parallel and quick applications is a good
bargain, this also calls for the phone being charged frequently. As power supply
sockets are not available all the time, power banks come in handy.

The power banks available in the market do not have the ability to extend beyond
it power capacity and power provided. The design is rigid to a high extent. The cost of
these power banks is comparatively very high as well. Other than that, using the
present day power banks, we cannot do much, other than charging phones. Say, the
power is run out and we do not have any power port nearest. They cannot be done
easily with them. In order to power those devices, we will have to do so separately,
charging the power bank and keep reuse it.

In this study, a magnetic motor is designed to self-rotate it’s rotor by naturally

repulsion and the attraction of magnetic field by arranging the magnets into Halbach
array. The self-rotation magnetic motor sometime it is known as a machine that
produce “Free Electric Energy”. Based from the results the rotor is rotating at the
constant speed that produced the torque that lead to the development of mechanical
power.

2
3. INTRODUCTION

Power bank charging equipment specifically designed for the mobile phones of
majority of large power consumption. This device is suitable for the system on all
smart phones, such as iOS, Androids, Blackberry OS and Symbian.

With an increased number of features, mobile devices like smart phones, tablet
etc are requiring more power. To extend their operating life, manufacturing try to use
bigger batteries but are limited because of the weight and size. To provide users
additional power, researcher try to use a self running generator concept to generate
electricity in order to recharge power source for continuous usage. This will lead to
free energy generator.

In this study, a free energy is created from permanent magnet motor without
utilizes resources from outside such as burning fossil fuels namely coal, petroleum
and natural gas or chemical to induced voltage. The free energy comes from the
naturally repulsion and the attraction of magnetic field that creates the motion of
electric motors. This self-running electric motors is attached to a turbine motor shaft
which resulting an induced voltage. The term, "Free Energy" is widely used and often
abused in the industry. Many believe no such thing of free energy, or whatsoever
machine capable to generate energy out of nothing. In others word, there are no such
things of “perpetual motion machine” that can do work continues indefinitely without
utilizing external energy.

For this project, researcher need to design a concept powerbank to represent the
choosen brand. Researcher need to develop a new innovative powerbank design that
symbolised the company brand and technologies into an innovative design concept,
structure and mechanisms. In this project, researcher need to select one of the
company brand for subject of study. The company brand will become the source of
inspiration in order to create and manipulate a new design concept, structure and
mechanisms of new powerbank. In addition, researcher need to integrate the proposed
design concept with selected company brand. The powerbank should present the
company corporate identity, and bring their powerful exclusive image such as,
powerful, elegant, dynamic, high performance, safety, ergonomic and sustainability.
 Figure 1: Tesla logo

Tesla was founded in 2003 by a group of engineers who wanted to prove

that people didn’t need to compromise to drive electric so that electric vehicles can be
better, quicker and more fun to drive than gasoline cars. Today, Tesla builds not only
all-electric vehicles but also infinitely scalable clean energy generation and storage
products. Tesla believes the faster the world stops relying on fossil fuels and moves
towards a zero-emission future, the better.

Tesla was launched in 2008, the Roadster unveiled Tesla’s cutting-edge

battery technology and electric powertrain. From there, Tesla designed the world’s
first ever premium electric sedan from the ground up and from that Model S came out
in the market, which has become the best car in its class in every category. Combining
safety, performance, and efficiency, Model S has reset the world’s expectations for
the car of the 21st century with the longest range of any electric vehicle, with the
over-the-air software updates that make it better over time, and a record 0-60 mph
acceleration time of 2.28 seconds as measured by Motor Trend.

Tesla expanded its product line with Model X in 2015,, the safest, quickest
and most capable sport utility vehicle in history that holds 5 star safety ratings across
every category from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Completing
CEO Elon Musk’s “Secret Master Plan,” in 2016, Tesla introduced Model 3, a low-
priced, high-volume electric vehicle that began production in 2017. Soon after that,
Tesla unveiled the safest, most comfortable truck ever which is the Tesla Semi ,
which is designed to save owners at least $200,000 over a million miles based on fuel
costs alone.

All Tesla vehicles are produced at its factory in Fremont, California, where
the vast majority of the vehicle’s components are also made. To achieve our goal of
having the safest factories in the world, Tesla is taking a proactive approach to safety,
requiring production employees to participate in a multi-day training program before
ever setting foot on the factory floor. From there, Tesla continues to provide on the
job training and track performance daily so that improvements can be made quickly.
The result is that Tesla’s safety rate continues to improve while Model 3 production
ramps.

To create an entire sustainable energy ecosystem, Tesla also manufactures a

unique set of energy solutions, Powerwall, Powerpack and Solar Roof, enabling
homeowners, businesses, and utilities to manage renewable energy generation,
storage, and consumption. Supporting Tesla’s automotive and energy products is
Gigafactory 1 which a facility designed to significantly reduce battery cell costs. By
bringing cell production in house, Tesla manufactures batteries at the volumes
required to meet production goals, while creating thousands of jobs.

This is just the beginning of Tesla building its most affordable car yet, Tesla
continues to make products accessible and affordable to more and more people,
ultimately accelerating the advent of clean transport and clean energy production.
Electric cars, batteries, and renewable energy generation and storage already exist
independently, but when combined, they become even more powerful and that’s the
future we want.
TESLA PRODUCT

AUTOMOTIVE

POWERWALL

POWER STATION
4. RESEARCH BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION TO SELF RUNNING POWER BANK

Energy demand is increasing day by day with rapid growth in industrialization

as well as modernization. But the energy resources are gradually decreasing at high
extent. Within a few years the energy resources will be diminished and hence there
will be lack of fuel (coal, wood, water, etc.) for power generation. The other
renewable sources such as solar, wind, biomass etc are available with certain
drawbacks as they are dependent on atmospheric conditions. The perpetuum based
power generation for example, using free energy available in nature for the power
generation. Free energy also used to minimize the cost of energy consumption. The
free energy generator is a decent, powerful and well-looking topology that can give
benefit to human being. The motto of this research is to present one of the methods of
power generation which is independent of any atmospheric conditions unlike wind,
solar, biomass etc and does not even depend on any fuels or raw materials unlike
thermal or diesel generators. The concept is to attain perpetual motion using
gravitational energy and then achieved the perpetual motion and output by using
magnetic energy. The gravitational energy though weak, is uniform and continuous
and magnetic energy which depends on the magnetic strength offers a good source of
energy for harnessing.

In this project study, a self-running power bank was developed to produce a

sustainable energy production . In the energy producing , pair rings of permanent
magnets (neodynum) was used to drive rotary generators to produce electricity to
recharge the battery permanently without have to conneccted to any power wall or
power supply, this called as perpetual motion . Perpetual motion is motion of bodies
that continues indefinitely. A perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical machine that
can do work indefinitely without an energy source.
PERPETUAL MOTION GENERATOR CONCEPT

The magnetic generator concept is based on the perpetual motion created by

magnetism power. Magnets are able to cause this continuous motion due to their
inherent power and the fact about magnets that they have an ability to repel each other
(Magnet north pole will repel other magnet’s north pole). The power that is created by
rotating permanent magnets that are placed in specific positions is the base of building
a magnetic generator.

Perpetual Motion Generator belong to the next generation of power devices

that do not need fuel in order to function and will operate in any weather, unlike solar
and wind that are weather dependent.

Many perpetual motion motors are actually powered by permanent magnets.

We all know that magnets have a distinct quality of attracting and repelling other
magnets. They have internal sources of energy and they do not need to be recharged,
only an extreme heat can destroy the power of a magnet.

Magnetic perpetual motion generator will be able to have an unlimited source

of energy until that the magnets force will end. The good news are that magnets can
last up to 3-4 hundred years.

As alternative companies and scientists enter this field, the perpetual motion
generator will be a technological and commercial breakthrough with regards to
alternative energy in the next 2-5 years, this source of free energy will be affordable
to many and once it will be commercially available it would be very cheap.
HISTORY OF PERPETUAL MOTION USING MAGNETIC FORCES

The concept of Magnetic Power Generator is as old as the late 1600s. Right
from Newton to Albert Einstein, and Nicola Tesla all major scientists have tried to
explore this field. In 1821, Hans Christian, a Denmark based scientist noticed that
when he placed compass near the electricity flow, the needle always moved and it
formed the basis of further studies. But thefirst major invention happened in the year
1874 when Wesley Gary created self powered magnetic motor. He completely defied
the logic and came up with the idea that changed the way world perceived magnetism.
He registered his first patent in 1877.

A German inventor by the name of Hans Coler in the year 1925 actually
produced electricity from his motor based on magnetic force. While working for
German army, Coler took his experiment to next level and produced about 6 KW of
electricity by using simple battery during the war. The Hitler regime was so impressed
by the idea that they decided to fund the project of Magnetic Power Generator on
large scale. After the World war, this information was then shared with the British
rulers.

In 1946, the real attempts to develop magnetic generator started. A boy named
John RR Searl developed such objects that flew without any external source and he
was so motivated to make this energy available to all that he even convinced many
companies to support him with their facility and magnetic engineers. In U.S., the first
patents were issued in 1970s and 80s.

The technology has improved by leaps and bounds since then and this field
has progressed from zero point magnetic power generators to motionless magnetic
generators. The U.S. patent for motionless generators was awarded in March,
2002.This energy resource that has never been as widely commercialized as now is
known as Zero Point field. And a generator based on this concept works itself without
any breaks and hence can provide power of all your daily electricity requirements. As
per experts, this is the future of power and magnetic energy is a perfect energy
resource for tomorrow because it produces free energy without any inputs. ‘A
practical guide to free energy sources’, a text book authored by Patrick J Kelly in the
year 2002 contains various methods of achieving free energy, two of them greatly
adored; ShenHe Wang’s Permanent Magnet Motor and Donald Lee Smith’s magnetic
generator lucidly explains the method to harness magnetic forces to convert it into
electrical energy.
EXIST PERPETUAL MOTION DEVICES

Muammer Yildiz Motor

Muammer Yildiz has developed a permanent magnet motor in power who do not
use external source of power such as batteries, radioactive or other as shown in Figure
2. This device has the axis of the drive shaft 5 rotating supported so that it rotates in
the stator, which is surrounded by the stator outside the rotor firmly connected to the
drive shaft. Outside the stator has a magnetic dipole placed on the surface of a circular
cylinder, while the external magnetic evenly spaced around the cylindrical surface
around it. This invention is a device to generate an alternating magnetic field that
interacts with the magnetic field that is not moving. The interaction of the stationary
magnetic field with an alternating magnetic field was applied, three cylinders are
produced, the first stator magnet, second magnet rotors as they rotate around the axis
of the shaft and the stator magnet past the outside. The three-axis, three-cylinder is
similar to the shaft axis. Magnet internal stator, rotor, and the outer stator have a
magnetic orientation that causes them to repel each other at every angular position of
the rotor. According to the authors, Yildiz motor is capable of producing a mechanical
power output of 250 Watt where the magnetic motor having the diameter of 20 cm
and a length of 40cm is producing 15,000 rpm.

Figure 2: Yildiz Motor

5. DESIGN BRIEF

Concepts behind were the almost the same with the motor generators, they both
have primary mover which is the mechanical part that make and produces electrical
energy. The electric generator itself will supply the electricity to the prime mover of
the proposed project, while also generating electricity for the load. Two motors will
be use in the said scenario of the project. There will be controller with an embedded
system that will control, monitor and maintain the system.

Researcher are going to design and make a new design concept of Powerbank that
use the self running generator to represent the sustainable vision of Tesla Motor
company.

6. DESIGN OBJECTIVES

Each study should have a focused direction and purpose. In this regard, this study will
focus on four main objectives to be achieved: -

a. To sustain the power capacity to suit users need.

b. To implant high-tech innovation for longer usage.
c. To design friendly used and ergonomic power bank.
d. To reduce the use of number of interconnecting wires or cables.

7. DESIGN STATEMENT

Tesla’s mission is known for their mission to accelerate the world’s transition to
sustainable energy beside performance, quality, futuristic design and exclusivity
either in their interior or exterior design. The idea of balancing between functionality
and aesthetic with cutting edge technology is the key value that Tesla hold. Therefore
the design of the powerbank should have the element of the sustainibility.
8. DESIGN CRITERIA

Functional:

Sustainability

The powerbank used The self-rotation magnetic motor to produce “Free Electric
Energy”. The rotor is rotating at the constant speed that produced the torque that lead
to the development of mechanical power. The free energy comes from the naturally
repulsion and the attraction of magnetic field that creates the motion of electric
motors make the powerbank battery sustainable.

Durability

The powerbank used suitable materials in order to increase durability by applying the
principles of beauty in designing these elements.

Safeguard

Safety is another point that should be considered in the design. The powerbank
provide safety features that automatically controlled by main motherboard that work
as primary brain for the powerbank that consist:

a. Overcharge protection with maximum voltage limited

b. Overheat protection with automatic shutdown
c. High/low-voltage protection with automatic shutdown
d. Short-circuit protection
e. Over discharge protection
f. Overcurrent protection
g. Auto power off
Aesthethic:

Fictional Design

The design of the powerbank is influence by the shape of geometry. All branches of
science follow the rules of this common geometry. Johannes Kepler, 17 th Germany
astronomer states that the smallest particles of matter, everything is under violent
effect of the common geometry. Geometrical shape used is triangle shape which is
inspired by Nicola Tesla from his well known quotes that states that “If you only
knew the magnificence of the 3, 6 and 9, then you would have the key to the
universe.”

Colours

The colours of the power are resemble Tesla Motor corporate color which is strong
red.
9.TARGET USER

Target user refers to a specific and well-defined consumer segment within the
business’s serviceable market which the business wants to sell its products and
services. The potential clients for this Tesla Powerbank are Tesla Club members.
Researcher target also for gadget users, employees, and professionals in the age group
of 20 to 40 years.

10.MATERIAL PROPOSAL

Lithium Ion Battery

A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery (abbreviated as LIB) is a type of rechargeable

battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive
electrode during discharge and back when charging. Li-ion batteries use an
intercalated lithium compound as one electrode material, compared to the metallic
lithium used in a non-rechargeable lithium battery.

Battery Voltage Indicator

Batteries come with a certain voltage limit and if the voltage goes beyond the
prescribed limits while charging or discharging, the life of the battery get affected or
reduced. Whenever we use a battery powered project, sometimes we need to check
the battery voltage level, whether it is needed to be charged or replaced.

Dc-Dc Converter Step Up Boost Module Usb

A boost converter (step-up converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up

voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load). It is
a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS) containing at least two
semiconductors (a diode and a transistor) and at least one energy storage element: a
capacitor, inductor, or the two in combination. To reduce voltage ripple, filters made
of capacitors (sometimes in combination with inductors) are normally added to such a
converter's output (load-side filter) and input (supply-side filter). This converter are
used to regulate power from the generator to provide enough power for smartphone.
Neodynum Magnet

A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet), the most widely
used type of rare-earth magnet, is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of
neodymium, iron and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure.
Developed independently in 1982 by General Motors and Sumitomo Special
Metals,neodymium magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnet commercially
available. They have replaced other types of magnets in many applications in modern
products that require strong permanent magnets, such as motors in cordless tools, hard
disk drives and magnetic fasteners. This magnet are used as generator, which act as
the repeler coil to produce energy.

Electromagnetic Coil

An electromagnetic coil is an electrical conductor such as a wire in the shape of a coil,

spiral or helix. Electromagnetic coils are used in electrical engineering, in applications
where electric currents interact with magnetic fields, in devices such as electric
motors, generators, inductors, electromagnets, transformers, and sensor coils. Either
an electric current is passed through the wire of the coil to generate a magnetic field,
or conversely an external time-varying magnetic field through the interior of the coil
generates an EMF (voltage) in the conductor.

Microcontroller

A microcontroller (MCU for microcontroller unit, or UC for μ-controller) is a small

computer on a single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is similar to, but
less sophisticated than, a system on a chip (SoC); an SoC may include a
microcontroller as one of its components. A microcontroller contains one or more
CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output
peripherals. Program memory in the form of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP
ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM.
Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the
microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications
consisting of various discrete chips.
ABS Plastic

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is a terpolymer, or a polymer composed of

three different monomers. This amorphous blend is made up of acrylonitrile,
butadiene, and styrene in varying proportions. Each one of these monomers serve to
impart an advantage to ABS: acrylonitrile provides chemical and thermal stability,
butadiene increase toughness and impact strength, and styrene gives the plastic a nice
and glossy finish.
11. COLOUR PROPOSAL

The proper use of colour will help to shape and reinforce the messages to the
clients.For this design will use the Tesla Motor corporate color which is lust red and
black on the powerbank. Proper use of color dramatically increases the attraction of
client. On the colour selection, high-energy red are used to represents the Tesla
brands. Red is generally used to convey meanings such as passion, love, excitement,
action, speed, strength and leadership. The red colour itself represents the Tesla as it
is their corporate colour.
12. EXISTING PROBLEM ON CURRENT PRODUCT

With more powerbank design are being produced day by day, the powerbank
industry are growing as well. However, most of the manufacturer mainly focus on to
how to maximize capacity of the powerbank and overlook the aesthetic value which
cause most of the powerbank are too stereotype to have the similar shape such as
rectangular and edgy in shape.

Morever, most of the powerbank cannot give longer charging period to the user,
this cause a lot of inconvience to the user as the phone cannot be operate while having
some emergency time due to the lack of powerbank limited capacity power storage
These are all the major problem that have been identified to due date.

13. THE PURPOSED IDEA TO OVERCOME PROBLEMS

The design of the powerbank will used The self-rotation magnetic motor to produce
“Free Electric Energy”. The rotor is rotating at the constant speed that produced the
torque that lead to the development of mechanical power. The free energy comes from
the naturally repulsion and the attraction of magnetic field that creates the motion of
electric motors make the powerbank battery sustainable. This will provide user with
infinite power storage to charge up their smartphone device.
14. PROJECT PROGRESS
15. CONCLUSION

The objective in this class is to identify the design problem exists in a certain
design project. Besides that, the objective is explain any design project completely
and systematically and seeks for an idea and alternative solutions. The method of
combining product design and free energy system through magnets to generate
electric energy provides large scope in market while overcome the present scenario of
energy crisis nowadays.

Based on the data collected for this case study, we have concluded that Tesla
Motors is an innovative company whose mission is to avoid global warming. Its
sustainability business strategy is to apply innovation and shared value. This has made
Tesla socially responsible to its environment as well as earning millions of dollars in
profit.

Their impact in the automobile industry are significant; The Triple Bottom
Line shows the significant impact Tesla has on the sustainability of their environment.
They care for their customer's safety, and also provide great health insurance to their
employees while working in a safe satellites offices. Their environmental benefits
include reducing the greenhouse effect, zero emission, renewable energy source. Even
though Tesla haven't made much profit; it's revolutionized industry had a great impact
on people, which have increased its market share. Other automotive manufacturers
even began creating hybrid vehicles, most through Tesla's patent.

Energy efficiency is the wave of the future. The world is quickly moving
towards energy sustainability. At the same time, the mankind is trying to re-establish
the connection it once had with nature. An energy efficient power bank is a first step
toward the direction of renewable energy, environmental protection, and sustainable
living. Furthermore, energy efficiency means healthier and more comfortable living
that is in line with nature.
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