MCQ

Choose the correct answer for each of the following:

1) Behavior refers to:

a- Action or reaction of the object or organism ,usually in relation to the

environment.

b- Action of human beings only.

c- Reaction of human beings against any action from others.

d- None of the above.

2) Example of human behavior include all the following except:

a- Skills .

b- Responses.

c- Life.

d- Attitudes.

3) Factor affecting human behavior include all the following expect :

a- Attitude.

b- Social norms:

c- Organizational studies .

d- Perceived behavioral control.

4) A predisposition to react to a situation ,person or concept with a particular

is a/an:

a- Belief .

b- Value.

c- Attitude.

d- All of the above .

5) ………tend to guide one’s actions and judgments across a variety of
situations.

a- Reasoned action .

b- Values.

c- Dispositional approach.

d- Social influence.

6) Behaviors and attitudes can best be predicted by knowing:

a- A person’s beliefs.

b- Social norms that influence a person intention .

c- A person’s values.

d- A and c.

7) The psychological process of selecting stimuli , organizing the data into

recognizable patterns, and interpreting the resulting information is:

a- The perceptual .

b- Perception.

c- Attribution.

d- Projection.

8) Factors related to person characteristics which affect perception include all

of the following except:

a- Values and attitudes.

b- Needs and motives .

c- Beliefs and culture .

d- Human behavior .

9) ……….is the perceived fairness of the process used for deciding outcomes
such as merit increases and promotion.

a- Procedural justice .
b- Selective perception .

c- Human resources approach .

d- Operant learning.

10) ……….examines the fairness of the process itself while ……examines

the outcome of a decision or policy.

a- Distributive justice ; mediation .

b- Mediation ; distributive justice .

c- Procedural justice ;distributive justice.

d- Distributive justice ;procedural justice .

11) The introvert personality is:

a- Independent ,avoiding others and hard worker.

b- Practical.

c- Losses follow up.

d- None of the above.

12) Sensing personality is :

a- Patient.

b- Less independent.

c- Creating new ideas.

d- None of the above.

13) Feeling personality is :

a- Stubborn.

b- Not guided by logic:

c- Objective.

d- Organized.
14) Type a personality :

a- tends to be aggressive.

b- relaxed.

c- uncompetitive.

d- tend to be calm.

15) type B personality :

a- seeks challenge.

b- relaxed.

c- prone to stress.

d- none of the above.

16) attitudes equal :

a- values +perception.

b- values + beliefs.

c- values +personality .

d- values + motivation .

17) factors that determine job satisfaction include all of the following except

a- fairness .

b- discrepancy.

c- disposition .

d- high pay.

18) key contributors to job satisfaction are.

a- high pay ,promotion ,and people .

b- mentally challenging work ,high pay ,promotions and friendly people at

work.
c- money ,high pay ,promotion and friendly people at work .

d- mentally challenging work ,personality ,promotion and friendly people at

work.

19) the stage of group formation include all of the following except:

a- forming .

b- storming .

c- grouping.

d- norming and performing .

20) group skills include :

a- interpersonal skills and negotiation skills.

b- interpersonal skills and managerial skills.

c- interpersonal skills and behavioral skills.

d- interpersonal skills and social skills.

True/False

1) A predisposition to react positively or negatively to a situation ,person

or concept with a particular response is an attitude .(T)
2) Attitudes may be cognitive ,affective or behavioral . (F)
3) Values are accepted facts or truths about an object or person that have
been gained from either direct experience or a secondary source .(F)
4) Values are usually the same across cultures .(F)
5) Primary determinant of employee attitudes are job design , social
influences ,and personal characteristics.(F)
6) Different cultures usually value work differently . (T)
7) The perceptual process is the process by which people interpret the
behavior of others by assigning to it motives or causes .(T)
8) A fixed, distorted generalization about member of a group is selective
perception. (F)
9) The perceived fairness of the process used for deciding outcome such
as merit increases and promotions is selective perception .(F)
10)A relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from practice
,experience education or training defines learning .(T)
11) Recency in learning means that things learned first are those best
remembered by the person .(F)
12)Primacy in learning means that learnt last is usually learnt best.(F)
13) Selective perception reflect person's interest ,values ,abilities and
experience.(T)
14) Power distance is the extent to which an equal distribution of power
is accepted by society members. (F)
15)Uncertainty avoidance is the extent to which people are comfortable
with uncertain and ambiguous situations.(F)
16)Femininity cultures clearly support the dominance of women roles and
stress quality of life .(F)
17)Only satisfied needs can influence behavior ,unsatisfied needs can not
.(T)
18)According to Herzberg's theory certain factors in the workplace result
in job satisfaction ,while others lead to dissatisfaction.(T)
19)According to theory Y, motivated employees always look for better
ways to do a job .(T)

Essay Question:
1) (ch1)Explain the difference between behavior in general and
behavior as used in computer science.

Behavior in general refers to the actions or reactions of an object

or organism, usually in relation to the environment.

Behavior as used in computer science is an action(s) that assigns

"life" to the activities carried out by a computer, computer
application, or computer code in response to stimuli, such as user
input.

2) (ch2)What is personality? What are personality determinants?

In psychology personality is collection of emotional, thought and

behavioral patterns unique to a person that is consistent over
time.

personality determinants

a- Physical factor s.
b- Psychological factor s
c- Social factor s
 d- Culture factor s

3) List at least four types of personality and explain their strengths

and weakness?

Personality type strengths weakness

Introvert independent, harder Does not
worker understand
external
circumstances.

Avoid others.

Extravert - Understands Less

external independent.
circumstances Cannot work
- Interacts with without others.
others

Intuitive Understands Does not care

likelihood. with details

Has a holistic view Does not care

with reality

Sensing Practical. Does not care

with the new
Patient.
Does not prefer
imagining future

4) Compare type A with type B personalities.

Type A Type B
Tends to be aggressive. Tends to be calm.
 Seeks challenge. Relaxed.

Likes achievement. Does not seek challenge.

Prone to stress. Uncompetitive.

5) (ch3) Define perception and explain its steps?

Perception in humans describes the process whereby sensory

stimulation is translated into organized experience.

Steps of perception consists of 4 stages .

1- Receiving stimulus .

Perception process starts when stimulus draws the attention of

the person and then the brain receives it for example :feeling
noise,light,voice .

2- Receiving and recording information :

here, the person receives information and then determines

what to keep in his mind .

3- Interpretation :

In this stage , the person selects the information received and

gives it the meaning according to his perception background.

4- Behavioral response :

According to the interpretation of the perceived subjects the

person decides the suitable behavior or action .

6) What is meant by selective perception?

The selective perception means that the person selects the

information he/she receives to be kept in his mind and added to
his/her perception groups.

7) What are the factors affecting selective perception?

a- Stimulus period or intense.

 b- Size or volume.
c- Variance.
d- Frequency.
e- Motion .
f- Recency.

8) (ch4)What is meant by learning and what are the learning laws?

Learning is a process of relative permanent change in the

behavior as a result of practice and experience .

Laws of leaning :

Law of action learning.

Law of practice and feedback.

Law of individual differences .

Law of learning domains.

Law of response level.

Law of reinforcement.

Law of emotional learning.

9) Explain the principles of learning and give an example for each

of them?

a- Recency
b- Appropriateness
c- Motivation
d- Primacy
e- 2-way communication
f- Feedback
g- Active learning
h- Multi-senes learning
i- Exercise

10) Explain the role of feedback in learning ?

Informs both the instructor and the participant need information

from each other .
11) (ch5)Define values and attitudes?

Values can be defined as a "broad tendency to prefer certain

states of affairs over others ."

An attitude is a fairly stable emotional tendency to respond

consistently to some specific object ,situation, person , or
category of people.

12) What are the implications of cultural differences in values?

Exporting OB theories .

Importing OB theories .

Appreciation global customers .

Developing global employees .

13) Explain how attitudes are forming?

Attitudes are a function of what we think and what we feel . that

is ,attitudes are the product of a related belief and value.

14) (ch6) what is motivation?

Motivation is a temporal and dynamic state that should not to be

confused with personality or emotion .

15) Explain Maslow's theory and give examples of the human

needs include in this theory.

Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs theory is the most

widely discussed theories of motivation .

The theory can be summarized as thus :

Human beings have wants and desires, which influence their

behavior . only unsatisfied needs can influence behavior,
satisfied needs cannot.

1- Physiological (food,sleeping)
2- Self esteem (status).

16) Compare theory X with theory Y?

 Theory X:

This theory reflects a pessimistic philosophy of management

towards people at work .

Theory Y:

This theory reflects an optimistic philosophy of management

towards people at work .

17) What are the applications of motivation in education and

business?

Motivation in education

1- Direct behavior toward particular goals.

2- Lead to increased effort and energy .
3- Enhance cognitive processing .

Motivation in business.

1- Motivation employees always look for better ways to do a job

2- Motivated employees are more quality oriented.
3- Motivated workers are more productive .

18) (ch7) what is job satisfaction and its determinants?

Job satisfaction refers to asset of attitudes that workers have

about their jobs . facet satisfaction refers to the tendency for an
employee to be more or less satisfied with various facets of the
job .overall satisfaction refers to a person's attitude toward his or
her job that cuts across the various facets.

Its determinants:

A- Discrepancy .
B- Fairness .

19) Compare procedural justice with distributive justice? How

they can affect job satisfaction?

Procedural justice.

Occurs when we get from our job what we think we deserve. It

has to do with the outcomes we receive .
 Distributive justice:

Occurs when the process used to determine work outcomes is

seen as fair .it is has to do with the process that led to those
outcomes .

20) What are the consequences of job satisfaction?

A- Mental health and off-the-job satisfaction .

B- Absence from work .
C- Turnover
D- Performance

21) (ch8) explain what do we mean by groups?

Two or more people working together in the same place and

work involve tasks.

22) What is the importance of having groups at work?

Groups are particularly good at combining talents and providing

Innovative solutions to possible unfamiliar problems.

A group can be seen as a self managing unit .

23) Explain the stages of group formation?

It is common to view the development of a group as having four

stages :

- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing

24) Give suggestions that may help for forming groups at work?

- Focus
- Clarification
- The mouse
- The loud-mouth
- The written record
- feedback
 3102 ‫دور يناير‬ ‫الفرقه األولي _ الفصل الدراسي االول‬ ‫جامعة أسيوط‬

‫الزمن‬ ‫ السلوكيات األدارية‬: ‫امتحان مادة‬ ‫كلية حاسبات ومعلومات‬

‫ساعتان‬

Answer all of the following questions

I- True /false Questions (10 Marks)

# statements True False

1 Power distance is the extent to which an Y
equal distribution of power is accepted by
society members
2 Values are usually the same across cultures Y
3 According to theory Y motivated employees Y
always look for better ways to do a job
4 Selective perception reflects person's interest Y
, values , abilities and experience.
5 Active learning means that learners cannot Y
master skills without repeated practice and
relevant feedback
6 Primacy in learning means that learnt last is Y
usually learnt best
7 Different cultures usually value work Y
differently
8 According to Herzberg's theory certain Y
factors in the workplace result in job
satisfaction, while others lead to
dissatisfaction
9 Uncertainty avoidance is the extent to which Y
people are comfortable with uncertain and
ambiguous situation
10 In any group, the mouse is the person who Y
usually escapes from facing the others

II- choose the correct answer (10 Marks)

1- Factors related to person characteristics which affect perception

include all of the following except :

a- values and attitudes

b- needs and motives
c- beliefs and culture
 d- human behavior

2- Type B personality

a- Seeks challenge.
b- Relaxed.
c- Prone to stress.
d- None of the above.

3- Attitudes equal:

a- Values+perception
b- Values+Beliefs
c- Values+Personality
d- Values+motivation

4- Factors related to person characteristics which affect perception

include all of the following except:

a- Values and attitudes

b- Needs and motives
c- Beliefs and culture
d- Human behavior

5- ………is the perceived fairness of the process used for deciding

outcomes such as merit increase and promotions

a- Procedural justice
b- Selective perception
c- Human resources approach
d- Operant learning

6- ………examines the fairness of the process itself while

…….examines the outcome of a decision or policy

a- Distributive justice ;mediation

b- Mediation ;distributive justice
c- Procedural justice ;distributive
d- Distributive justice; procedural justice

7- The introvert personality is;

a- Independent, avoiding others and hard worker.

b- Practical.
c- Losses follow up.
d- None of the above.
 8- Key contributors to job satisfaction are;

a- High pay ,promotion ,and people.

b- Mentally challenging work ,high pay ,promotions and
friendly people at work.
c- Money ,high pay ,promotions and friendly people at work.
d- Mentally challenging work ,personality ,promotions and
friendly people at work.

9- The stages of group formation include all of the following

except ;

a- Forming
b- Storming
c- Grouping
d- Norming and performing

10-Group skills include:

a- Interpersonal skills and negotiation skills.

b- Interpersonal skills and managerial skills.
c- Interpersonal skills and behavioral skills.
d- Interpersonal skills and social skills.

III- Write notes on each of the following (20 Marks):

1- Leadership styles
2- The consequences of job satisfaction.
3- Uses of motivation in business and education.
4- The role of feedback/reinforcement in learning.