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These data, formulae and relationships are for the use of candidates
following the Physics B (Advancing Physics) specification.
Clean copies of this booklet must be available in the examination room, and
must be given up to the invigilator at the end of the examination.
Values are given to three significant figures, except where more – or fewer – are useful.
Physical constants
© OCR 2009
GCE Physics B (Advancing Physics) CST254
Other data
standard temperature and pressure (stp) 273 K (0°C), 1.01 × 105 Pa (1 atmosphere)
Conversion factors
Prefixes
© OCR 2009
GCE Physics B (Advancing Physics) CST254
Formulae and relationships
Electricity
current I = Q (current I, charge flow Q,
t time interval t)
potential difference V= E (potential difference V, energy E,
Q charge Q)
= RC (time constant )
Materials
Fcos
v = u + at
v 2 = u 2 + 2as
v2 , mv 2
for circular motion a= F= (radius of circle r)
r r
© OCR 2009
GCE Physics B (Advancing Physics) CST254
Waves
Oscillations
d 2x
dt 2 =a=–
k
m [ ]
x = –(2f)2x (acceleration a,
force per unit displacement k, mass m,
displacement x, frequency f)
x = A sin 2 ft
m
T = 2 (periodic time T)
k
1
f=
T
1 2 1 1
total energy E = kA = mv 2 + kx2
2 2 2
relativistic energy Etotal = Erest (total energy Etotal, rest energy Erest,
relativistic factor )
dV V
for all fields field strength = – ≈– (potential gradient dV/dr)
dr r
F
gravitational fields g= (gravitational field strength g,
m
gravitational force F, mass m)
GM , GMm
Vgrav = – F = – 2 (gravitational potential Vgrav, force F,
r r
gravitational constant G, mass M, distance r)
Electric fields
F
E= (electric field strength E, electric force F,
q
charge q)
kQ kQq
Velec = F= 2 (electric potential Velec, force F, electric force
r r
constant k, charge Q, distance r)
Electromagnetism
© OCR 2009
GCE Physics B (Advancing Physics) CST254
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© OCR 2009
GCE Physics B (Advancing Physics) CST254