GREENHOUSE MONITORING AND IRRIGATION BASED ON IOT

Sujatha, project head, Mageshpriya G,

Arumigu Meenakshi Amman college Arumigu Meenakshi Amman college
of Engineering, of Engineering,
Vadamavandal-604410. Vadamavandal-604410.

ABSTRACT - A greenhouse technology allows farmers to optimize the use of land. In this
paper is computer based control and monitoring system is designed and tested to automate drip
irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. These system is setup to handle sever crops by using sensors
and controlled by micro controller to manage every environmental parameter required for the
good growth of plants and system periodically generates inside greenhouse. The sensor used in
this system are GSM, GPRS based mobile system. And it is accessed remotely where ever
needed.

Keywords: Wireless sensors, microcontroller, GSM module, irrigation, cloud technology,

monitoring, greenhouse

Introduction: enhance plants growth with improved yield

Agriculture in India is lags still
carried out in conventional way. The
growing environment of crops is most
important factor that affects the growth and
yield of plants due to the population. The
development of modern agriculture is still
developing new technologies to reduce the
man power and also for economic
development is based on thee. And How
ever at present, most of data transmission
and control which has problem for
complicated wiring, high installation cost
and maintenance.
But now a day some of the Areas
only developed with new technology, so this
is based on wireless sensor network has
great practical significance. In Greenhouse
System optimizes environment conditions to
in minimum possible time for equipped with
population.
And another view of Greenhouse
agriculture method is also for peoples health
diagnose with mental illness such as stress
disorder. Some will go to gym, pool and
yoga. Gardening is one of the popular
hobbies among the people. When they
smells the aroma of the flowers inside the
house, when they see the plants some feeling
comes on their mind and felt a sense of
freshness.
The main motivations of this design
are to help the user to take care of their plant
inside a greenhouse, or to reduce the time
needed by the user for checking situation the
status of the greenhouse. With the intelligent
features installed, the system will have the
ability to react to specific weather. The
system also will help people in the special
farming industry where their growth needed
to set at best environment, but less care
needed since the system is able to react
accordingly. Therefore they are able to
maximize their profit during the harvesting
season. As a small scale point of view,
individual user also can start plant
vegetables other than just flowers, which
they can be consumed and is hundred
percent organic. This will promote the
hobby of gardening, and reduce the price of
organic vegetables in great scale.
Smart Agricultural model:
• All the above mentioned aspects of
present agricultural practices should be
improved to get higher yield. Hence, we
move towards a smart greenhouse model
where the plant is provided with an
environment for its optimum growth.
Survey:
Although India receives ample
amount of precipitation and have many large
river systems but still only one third of the
total agricultural land is connected via canal
irrigation system. Remaining majority of the
portion is dependent on monsoon or tube
wells.
Design Methodology:
Two stages of design were undertaken;
 hardware
 software.
1. Hardware making:
Places with excess water faces
problem of land sanity due to over irrigation
and water logging. Water collected on the
surface also blocks pores in the soil and kills
beneficial microorganisms. Alternatively,
places with limited supply of water cannot
do irrigation throughout the growing season
because the requirement of water often
exceeds the supply due to conventional type
of irrigation like sprinkler or in case
allowing the water to just irrigate the field
directly from water drainage channels.
Effects of excessive and irregular irrigation:
• Increase salinity
• Water logging
• Hindrance in air communication to plant
roots
• Reduction in temperature to soil
• Land becomes marshy
• More nitrate formation in soil
• Acidity of soil hence, problem lies in the
mismanaged use of water.
For optimum use of water, we use drip
irrigation. It is an irrigation method to save
water by allowing water to target the roots
of plant. Water obtained from all the sources
like canal, rainwater harvesting, tube well recommended voltage should respect the
etc. input supply range for the microcontroller,
that is, from 7V to 12V.
Servo motors have been chosen to push the
roof when there is rain detected. A 12 volt
fan is also installed and turns ON when the
temperature is too high. Water not allowed
to irrigate the fields directly, instead it is first
stored into an underground tank. Tank is
equipped with an ultrasonic sensor which
measures the level of water continuously
and alerts the user with a sms whenever
water level falls below the threshold mark.
Drip irrigation

Benefits of Smart Irrigation are:

 Save water and money
 Save your customers money
 Make maintaining yard easy and
convenient
 Minimize the infrastructure to store and
carry water
 Protect the water resources for future
generations.
A single unit of the greenhouse
structure prototype has been constructed and
integrated with sensors as input to a
dedicated output. Since the complete system
should be embedded in a small box, Arduino
Uno is a perfect microcontroller for this
purpose because of its dimensions and its
work performance. Adriano Uno has been
chosen as the microcontroller as the control
system on the main board. Power supply has Block diagram of greenhouse
a task to power the complete system and the system.
 •Water received from the
combination of various sources like canal,
rain water harvesting and from purchase
from tube well owners is stored in an
underground tank. This underground tank is
equipped with an ultrasonic sensor which
sends an sms whenever tank is empty. Tube
well pump can be switched on by sending a
message to the GSM module by the farmer.
This water is pumped into an overhead tank
which gets filled using a pump according to
the set threshold value. Overhead tank is
connected to drip irrigation network via a
Fogger.
valve, which opens when moisture level
falls below threshold value. • Pressure/Ultrasonic sensors are
embedded inside the bee hive boxes to send
a mail whenever the boxes are full. Storage
containers (vegetables and fruits) are
provided with ultrasonic sensors to estimate
the volume and send a mail to an e
commerce company about the volume,
whenever the RFID tag is swiped. This
eliminates the requirement of middleman
and the various problems of the agricultural
system. Water to the plants are not allowed
GSM modules
to irrigate the fields directly, instead it is first
• Due to the closed structure of stored into an underground tank. Tank is
greenhouse, insects and pests cannot enter equipped with an ultrasonic sensor which
inside, thereby eliminating the requirement measures the level of water continuously
of insecticides and pesticides. Growing LED and alerts the user with a sms whenever
lights are switched on whenever light water level falls below the threshold mark.
intensity is low for photosynthesis, this
ensures faster rate of growth.
• The humidity and temperature of
air in a greenhouse are measured by sensor
and whenever temperature is high or air
moisture becomes too low, fogger is turned
on to provide the required moisture and cool
down the temperature. Rfid tag
 Relative Humidity (RH) affects leaf
growth, photosynthesis, pollination rate and
finally crop yield. Prolonged dry
environment or high temperature can make
the delicate sepals dry quickly and result in
the death of flower before maturity. Hence it
is very crucial to control air humidity and
temperature. We place temperature and
humidity sensor inside the smart greenhouse
to measure humidity and temperature. When
temperature rises above a certain level,
microcontroller will trigger relay attached to
the fogger, which will sprinkle tiny water
droplets of size of micron which will remain
suspended in the air and bring the
temperature down.
Temperature and Humidity sensor
In case the air moisture falls below the set
value, similar mechanism will be triggered
and the small water droplets will maintain
the relative humidity (RH). When rain drop
or water drop is sensed, the microcontroller
will trigger the servo to take action to close
the roof top. When the high temperature is
detected, the microcontroller will trigger the
fan to tum ON. The display mechanism has
a back light LCD display unit to show the
current temperature of the greenhouse and
the status of the room (hot, normal, or rain).
Various wavelengths of light plays specific
roles for plant growth since different
photosynthetic pigments within plants.
Utilize different wavelengths. During
morning, leaves receive it directly from sun
but in order to boost up the rate of growth,
we have provided the greenhouse with plant
growing lights which will turn on whenever
the reading from LDR sensor falls below
cut-off value.
Advancement in LED technology have
made it possible to build LEDs that emit the
light in a very specific spectra to achieve
very specific outcomes in plant growth. We
can effect plants primary and secondary
metabolism, which are directly associated
with the output quality.
LCD Display
The inputs to the system are the rain
detection module and the temperature
sensor. As the weather changes, the sensor
inputs will be feed to the micro controller to
be processed and trigger the action along
with a LCD display .
Software: There are several companies offer to
the developers a space on their servers and
 The IoT Structure: give them a domain name. This domain
name gives the ability to the developers to
In recent years, a large number of access their server from anywhere in the
IoT interest papers have been published. world. In this work, the 000webhost is
IoT acts as the main role in technology selected, in which the website code and
development. The IoT introduces numerous additional files of PHP and MySQL are
facilities in any field that may use it. This uploaded by Filezilla program to a
paper focusing on using IoT in the 000webhost server.
greenhouse as previously explained, the
proposed greenhouse had three intelligent
systems. The function of IoT in this work
gives the pleasant the ability to monitor and
control their greenhouses remotely.
To make the work of IoT easy to
understand, provide an imagination about
how the IoT work in upload and download
data and deliver it to the control systems. To
achieve the IoT system that could perform
the functions that has been some program
and techniques

a) Design a web application:

The First step was designing a web
page to display the information for the user.
The web page should be easy to use,
attractive, and has a simple HTML code in
order to speed up the execution of functions
of the web page. The designed web
application is important to be secured with
Username and password for each user.
Also, the permissions of each member
are different, a part of members are
authorized to access, monitor, and control
the systems. While the other part has the
ability to access and monitor the state of the
systems.
b) The cloud technology:
The real problem faced in this
project as especial case and in IoT as general
case is centered on the public Internet
address (IP). This is a big problem facing
the developers of IoT. However, there are
several solutions; one of them is the use of
cloud technology.
Fig 6. Filezilla 000webhost.
c) Local communications of nodes:
In order to make several nodes
capable to connect to internet and
download the set-points and upload their
system status, the master-slave technique
could be used. The master would be defined
as node that has the ability to connect to the
public internet by the Ethernet to
download/upload the nodes data. Also, the
master node communicate locally with
others node by using the RF Transmitter.
While, the slave node is only
communicate with slave node to send
their status and receive the set-point that
specified for its control system.
 d) Remotely Management and Monitor the
system’s status:
In this article, attempt to construct a
prototype IoT, using simple, cheap, and
available tools. To apply the IoT in a
practical application, there are many
tools should be employed like Ethernet
Arduino Shield and microcontroller. The
Ethernet plays as the main tool which
makes a connection between the greenhouse
and the router that acts as a gateway. The
first step was programming the
microcontroller to make a link between the
greenhouse and the server, to be more
accurate with the PHP files that should
be resided on the server.
The PHP file function fetches the
data send through the link from the
greenhouse and store it in MySQL table.
The link established by HTTP request,
which is issued by the microcontrollers. The
download data is accomplished by multiple
HTTP requests from the greenhouse to the
server. The response of the server has
returned the code to the source
(Microcontroller) of the request.
receive the server’s response and store it
in buffers, then
The microcontroller will start to
looking for the intended parameters that
used for managing. In this considered as
set-points whose utilize to drive the
intelligent control systems that explained
previously. The last feature in this IoT
system is the utilization of the IP camera
to offer an online monitoring for the
greenhouses, there is an icon to the camera
which enables the pleasant to watch their
plants online.
The problem faced the developers is
the dynamic IP that changes every time after
the router reboot. In order to solve that,
NO-IP website could be used to obtain a
dynamic domain name. This domain name
should be set-up in the Data Transmission
from Node 2 to Node 1 The Subscribers
Uploading/Downloading data from the
Cloud Router (Gateway)
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router, after that the domain name will hold
the public IP of
user router even if it changed (dynamic IP).
Conclusion:
The result must more efficient in this
greenhouse system After completing the
implementation (Hardware and Software)
of the intelligent greenhouse, the
resulting prototype has numerous
advantages like four intelligent control
systems (Cooling/Heating System,
Irrigation Control System, Light Control
System, Monitoring system).
The main important in this is not
only the monitoring system will done also
irrigation also done via access to promote
the intelligent and automation in the
greenhouse monitoring and irrigation using
a new a trend called the internet of things.
The greenhouse monitoring system based on
internet of things can give accuracy in an
efficient way and continuous monitoring of
greenhouse environment has been done. The
proposed study about building greenhouse
monitoring system based on internet of
things in which the software for the
development board with sensor has been
developed with the embedded system and
communication technology. Now
greenhouse is monitored with many
technology with Zigbee, Wi-Fi module,
GSM module and so on. The most trending
is now you can also see your greenhouse
wherever you want by camera with
embedded monitoring system has been develop with more advanced, advantage and
develop for better. In future it will be features can be updated.

Reference:

www.shareslide.com

www.sciencedirect.com

www.ieee.org

www.wikipedia.com

www.researchgate.net