Types of Speeches

A. According to Purpose

B. According to Delivery

C. Principles of Speech Writing

D. Principles of Speech Delivery

Speech
• the expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds.

• a formal address or discourse delivered to an audience.

Types of Speech according to Purpose

1. Expository/ Informative Speech

2. Persuasive Speech

3. Entertainment Speech

1. Expository/Informative Speech
Written to present fascinating and useful information to increase the knowledge of your audience.

7 Characteristics of Informative Speech:

Must convey information or promote understanding about objects, people, events, processes, complex
ideas/concepts or issues to the audience.
Instruct or educate the listeners
Must be accurate
Clear
Meaningful
Memorable
Relevant

Examples:
1. College professor lecturing on a specific topic during a class.
2. Guest speaker presenting information to a group of students about how to apply for college.
3. Company president presenting information about last quarter's sales to a group of board members.
4. Pastor teaching a class about the meaning behind Holy Communion in the Christian Church.
5. Doctor talking to a group about ways to avoid heart disease.

2. Persuasive Speech
A presentation that aims to change others by prompting them to think, feel, or act differently.

Aim:

CHANGE PEOPLE YOU SPEAK WITH

 6 Characteristics of Persuasive Speech
Know your cause.
Get audience attention.
Make your talk clear.
Tell how the speech will interest them.
Present logical material.
Use quotations.

• Examples:

1. A teenager attempting to convince her parents that she needs to be able to stay out until 11pm instead of 10pm.

2. A student council president trying to convince school administrators to allow the students to have a dance after the
final football game of the season.

3. A lawyer giving a closing argument in court, arguing about whether the defendant is innocent or guilty of the crime.

3. Entertainment Speech
A speech that is given at a wide range of different ceremonies and situations that are funny, amusing, and tell a story of
some kind that will entertain the audience that it is intended for.

4 Characteristics:

Brief
Simple
Creative
Should reflect the audience

Types of Speech According to Delivery

1. Reading from a manuscript

2. Memorized Speech

3. Impromptu Speech

4. Extemporaneous Speech

1. Reading from a Manuscript

Manuscript

 A script written out word by word and then, read out to an audience.

Example:

SONA

2. Memorized Speech
• A speech that the speaker has mastered in his mind and heart. The speaker is normally in total control of the
wording because he/she had planned beforehand.

Examples:

• Valedictory speech
 • Speech choir

3. Impromptu Speech
- A speech intended to be done without any preparation at all.

- Also known as “On The Spot Speaking.”

• Examples:

Recitation

Question and Answer Portion on a Pageant

Debate

when being interviewed

4. Extemporaneous Speech
• A type of speech delivery which involves preparation of speaker notes prior to delivery, associated with
conversational style of delivery.

• Examples:

Lecturing

Hosting

Principles of Speech Writing

1. Choosing the Topic
 Timely
 Interesting to you (Speaker) and to the Listener/Audience
 Controversial
 Must be of the level of knowledge of both the Speaker and the Audience.
 The speaker must be mindful of the culture of the Speaker and Audience, ages, gender as well as social status, religious
affiliation.

2. Analyzing the Audience

 Get or guess the demographic data of the audience: age, gender, ethnic background, occupation, economic and social
status, etc.
 Know the groups which your Audience belongs as these groups holds certain beliefs and values.
 Find out how your audience feels about the topic of your Speech and what they already know about it.
 Know how they feel about you as the Speaker and what they already know about you.

3. Sourcing the Information

Newspapers, magazines, books, journals, search engines like Google or any reading material and the best resource
which is the people.

4. Outlining and Organizing the Speech Content

Sort the information into categories: statistics, testimonies and opinions, historical facts, etc.
Organize the Speech itself by making an outline of it.
Types of outlines:
 Chronological outline – a historical/time approach like from the past to the present.

Example: Development of Ilocos Region from Martial Law to the Present

 Spatial/Geographical Outline – going from one place to another, from one direction to another.

Example: The Heritage Churches of Pampanga

 Cause and Effect – involves a discussion of both cause and effect of an issue

Example: The Fish Kill in Laguna de Bay

 Problem-Solution Outline – explains a problem and suggests a possible solution.

Example: Cleaning Up Manila Bay

 Topical Outline – divides the topic into subtopics based on importance or interest value or simply because the topic
requires it; for topics that do not fall under any of the previously mentioned outlines.

Example: Social Media Have Made Us Anti-Social

PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH DELIVERY

Principles of Speech Delivery:

1. Articulation
2. Modulation
3. Stage Presence
4. Facial Expressions, Gestures, Movements and Audience Rapport

1. Articulation

 The right pronunciation of words.

2. Modulation

 The capability to adjust or manipulate the resonance and timbre of the vocal tone

 variation in the strength, tone, or pitch of one's voice.

3. Stage Presence

 The ability to “own” the stage, of the speaker being able to fill the space and project his/her personality to the
audience.

Stage Fright

Considered by many as the topmost fear in the world of public speaking, making one feel shaky and nervous.

4. Facial Expressions, Gestures and Movements

Facial Expressions

 It builds the connection with your audience

 It shows credibility to the message

  It conveys the feelings of the audience

Gestures

a movement of part of the body especially a hand or a head to express an idea or meaning.

It helps you:

 Emphasize a point

 Express emotions

 Release tensions

 Engage your audience

Movements

 an act of changing physical location or position.

 It adds drama to your speech.

Breaks monotony of where you placed.

Audience Rapport

Establishing a connection with the listeners or audience.